Phoebe Marie L. Calo.

ABE 3

NARRATIVE REPORT

Introduction

The ENVI or Environment for visualizing images is a software application that used to mapping and analyze
different types of geospatial imagery such as aerial photo and satellite.

Loading a Gray Scale Image

After you install the software application you go to the Start>programs>KSI ENVI. Open the
multispectral file of a place that you want to analyze. It has different Band and each Band has different
images. After you choose a Band, it will display an gray scale image and information of a certain place
that you choose. You can explore the menu bar to have access in different feature that it have. You can
zoom the image using the mouse and scroll it.

Basic ENVI Functions: Displaying the Cursor Location Value

To identify the location and value of the certain place in the image shown, you have to right click
in the image window and select Cursor location/value and you can actually show the similar Digital
Number or (DN) of “R”, “G”, and “B”. This is how the Landsat sensor digitally represent the object it
acquires on Particular place that you have you chose.

Basic ENVI Functions: Performing Quick Contrast Stretching

To perform the quick contrast stretches using defaults parameters and data, go to Display group
menu which you can see at the top part of your screen then select Enhance. You can choose either you
want Linear, Linear 0-255, Linear 2%, Gaussian, Equalization and Square Root.

Loading a True Color Image

To see the true color of the map that showed in the image, find it by clicking those bands. We will
use the actual Blue (Band 1), Green (Band 2), and Red (Band 3).

Loading Other RGB Color Combinations

Click the RGB color radio button, then select ETM+ Band 4 for R, select ETM+ Band 3 for G, and
Band 2 for G. You can also click the different band for false color combination and examine it
afterwards.

Basic ENVI Functions: Linking Two Displays

After the true color and false color, we can actually link those two by right click in the image
window and select Link Displays. And you can observe the changes in the second display.
Basic ENVI Functions: Dynamic Overlays

To dynamically superimpose parts of one or more linked images onto another image, click the
left mouse button in one of the image windows to see the image displays overlaid on one another. hold
down and drag with the middle mouse button. Upon button release, the smaller overlay area is set and a
small portion of the linked image will be superimposed on the current Image window. Click the left
mouse button in the Image window and drag the small overlay window around the image to see the
overlay effects.

Basic ENVI Functions: Quickly Calculating Basic Statistics

Calculate the minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation. Just click the available bands, list
and select quick stats. It will quickly shows the data that you need.

Selecting Regions of Interest

Use ENVI to create zones of interest in your photographs. ROIs are commonly used to extract statistics
for purposes such as categorization, masking, and other procedures. Simply right-click on the picture
window and pick "ROI Tool" from the Display group menu bar, and the ROI Tool dialog will display. Do a
double click on the "Region 1" entry in the ROI Tool, then change it to "Built-Up Areas." By pressing the
left mouse button in the picture window to establish the first point of ROI and then clicking the left mouse
button again to establish the second point, we can draw a polygon that represents the region of interest.

Annotating the image

The may add text, color bars, polygons, and other symbols to the images using ENVI's functionality. The
user can select from a variety of annotation kinds in the annotation Text box. The "Object" menu is used
to pick these annotations. To use this feature, go to "Overlay" and then "Annotation." The annotation text
window displays, and you may put anything you want in the field, such as "Landsat Image of Butuan City."
Using the fields offered in the window, we may select a typeface, font size, and even color. Simply place
the mouse pointer in the picture window and click the left mouse button to show the text "Landsat Image
of Butuan City."

Adding Grid Lines

To add grid line Select "Overlay" then "Grid Lines" from the Display group menu bar to add grid lines to
the image, scroll, and zoom display groups. Select "Options" then "Edit Pixel Grid Parameters" from the
Grid Lines Parameters dialog menu bar to change the gridline attributes such as thickness, color, and
spacing. We just have to click the "OK" button and then "Apply" in the Grid Line Parameters when we are
satisfied with the changes.
Saving and Out putting an Image

The program provides us with a variety of options for saving and exporting our filtered data.

photos that have been tagged and gridded We can save our work in the ENVI image file format or in a
variety of other visual formats. Select "File," "Save Image As," then "Image File" from the Display group
menu bar to save our work in JPEG format. Select 24-Bit Color (BSQ) as the output resolution, and JPEG
format as the output file type. Click the "Choose" button and specify the filename you want for the output
file. Leave the compression factor box blank. Finally, save the image by clicking "OK." Click "File" then
"Exit" to exit the ENVI session.

Part B. Basic Image Pre-processing in ENVI

Start ENVI and Load the Raw Landsat ETM+ Image

Start the ENVI program and Load the six bands of Butuan City's multispectral Landsat ETM+ picture. The
pictures taken by the Landsat sensors are represented by these bands. Click "File," "Open External File,"
"Landsat," and then "GeoTIFF" from the ENVI Main Menu Bar. Go to the C:RS-GIS TrainingExercise
1DataRaw Landsat Image TIFF working directory, which contains the files for the six bands (ETM+ bands
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7). By hitting the "Shift" key on the keyboard, you may select all bands, then click "Open."

Radiometric Calibration of the Landsat ETM+ Image

Radio metrically calibrate your Landsat ETM+ picture and you'll utilize ENVI's built-in Landsat TM
Calibration feature. This implies that the brightness values of the pixels (which are in Digital Numbers, DN)
will be translated to exoatmospheric reflectance. The fraction of sunlight reflected by things on Earth that
passes out of the earth's atmosphere and is captured by the Landsat ETM+ sensor is known as
exoatmospheric reflectance. This is also known as "at-sensor reflectance" or "top-of-atmosphere
reflectance." There is a "Get Calibration Parameter from Web" button on the box, but leave it unclicked.
Click "Choose" to provide the output file name, then navigate to your working directory and save the
result as "CalRef Band1 Landsat.img" before clicking OK.

Merge the 6 Exoatmospheric Reflectance Files into a Single ENVI Image File

We have to select "Basic Tools," "Layer Stacking" from the ENVI main menu bar to merge the 6 reflectance
bands files. The Layer Stacking Parameters dialog will display. The Layer Stacking Input File dialog will show
once you select "Import File." Select all of the calibrated 6 bands files, and the files will be listed in the
Layer Stacking Parameters dialog. To ensure that the files are in the correct sequence, select "Reorder
File" from the menu and then OK. Return to the Layer Stacking Parameters dialog and pick the filename.
Click OK after you've picked where you want it to be saved.
Edit the ENVI Header File of the Layer Stacked Reflectance Image

It will be added to the Available Bands List once we save the layer stacking picture. So, rightclick on the
image's file name in the Available Bands List, then pick the "Edit Header" option, and a Header Info window
will emerge.

The reflectance photos' band names will be changed. To do so, go to the Header Info window and pick
"Band Names" under "Edit Attribute." When finished, replace the band names with the image's real band
names (ETM+ Band 1, ETM+ Band 2, ETM+ Band 3, ETM+ Band 4, ETM+ Band 5, and ETM+ Band 7) and
click OK. To implement the changes, just click OK on the popup after altering the band names.

Atmospheric Correction of the Exoatmospheric Reflectance Landsat Image

By using the ENVI program, we can apply the Dark Subtract technique to fix the Landsat Exoatmospheric
Reflectance Image. To do so, go to the ENVI Main Menu Bar and pick "Basic Tools," "Preprocessing,"
"General Purpose Utilities," and then "Dark Subtract." Select Dark Subtract from the Dark Subtract dialog
box.

Then click OK on the "Calref Layered stacked Landsat.img" filename. Select "Band Minimum" in the Dark
Subtraction Parameters dialog. After that, type in the desired filename, such as "AtCor CalRef Layerstacked
Landsat.img," and then click OK. In the Available Bands List, the stored file will be listed.

Deriving a Normalized Vegetation Index Image

We'll use the photos that have been adjusted to create an NDVI image. atmospherically. Click "Basic
Tools" then "Band Math" from the ENVI main menu bar to open the Band Math dialog. In the "Enter an
Expression" text box, write a band math expression corresponding to the NDVI equation, such as (b4-
b3)/(b4+b3). Click the "Add to List" button after inputting the phrase, then OK. On the screen, the
Variables to Bands Pairing dialog will show. Assign B3 and B4 to the atmospherically adjusted ETM+ Band
3 and ETM+ Band 4 reflectance images, respectively. Select/click B3 – [undefined] under "Variables utilized
in the expression:" and then click ETM+ Band 3. B4 should be treated similarly. Save the result by selecting
the "Choose" button and browsing to your working directory, then saving the file as NDVI Image.img once
the variables have been given. Finally, click OK to begin the NDVI Image calculation, and the result will be
added to the Available Bands List.