.. .

LIFE OF CHRIST LECTURE IDTES

2nd Semester 1969-70

,________1 ·
I

,·

Rev Don Davis, Professor

.. · ,,.
 1

Caesarea Philipui
Cana
Nazareth
Na in
Chorizim
Caoernaum
fethsaida
Sea of Galilee
Gadara

DECAR) LIS
MEDITERANEAN Bethabara
SAMARIA Sychar
SEA

■ Jordan River

PERAEA
■Arimathaea
Bethlehem
Jerusalem
Bethany
Mount of Temptation
Jericho
Bethabara???

JUDEA

Dead Sea

PALESTINE in the time of CHRIST

 MAJOR EVENTS AND TEACHINGS IN THE LIFE OF CHRIST

l. Oeneologies of Chrlst - Matt 1, Luke 3

2. Angel's message to Zacharias - Luke l
3• Angel's message to �l • Luke 1
L. Angel's message to Joseph - Matt 1

5. Birth of Christ - Matt 1, Luke 2 .

6. Visit of the Shephe� - Luke 2
7. Visit of the W ise men - Matt 2
8. Flight to Egyp!_ to escape slaughter or the irmocents - Matt 2
9. Visit to Jerusalem at age 12 - Luke 2
10. BaE,tism of Christ - Mat,t 3, Luke 3
11. Temptation.of Christ - Mattu
12. First miracle, water into wine - John 2
13. Discourse with Nicodemus - John 3
lh. Discourse with the woman of Samaria - John l1

15. Healing of the.Nobleman's son at Cana, secorrlmiracle - John 11

16. Serm:m on the Mount - MaU 5=7

17. Parables of the Kingdom - Matt 13, Mark_h, Luke 8
18. Feeding of the ,000 - Jolm 6 .
19. Discourse on the Bread of Life - John 6
20. Christ's question and Peter's confes� - Matt 16:15-16
21. Transfiguration of Christ - Matt 17
22. Discourse on the Light of the World - Matt 5

23. Discourse on the Good Shepherd - John 10

24. Rais �'-!a'. of Lazarus from the dead - John 11
continued on next page
 2$. Teaching concerning divorce - Matt 5>, 19; Mark 10

26. Institution of the Lord>5 Supper - Matt 26, Luke 22

27. Christ’s High Priestly prayer - John 17

28. Gethsemane - Matt 26:36—U6
29. Death of Christ - Matt 27*50
30. Resurrection of Christ - Matt 28, John 20
31. The Ascension into Heaven - Acts 1
32. The Olivet Discourse - Matt 2h-25

33. The Upper Room Discourse - Luke 22

I
!
1
1
 PHJENICIA - Healed Sj'l"o•Phoenlclan 1 s dau .

CAESAREA PHILIPPI. Transfigured.

Healed demonlac ooy.
CANA • Fi.rst mlracle 1 water into wine.
-- Healed nobleman's son.
CAV�RNAUM - Called first L disciples.
Draught of fishes.
Haaled demoniac in synagogue.
Healed Peter's mother-in-law.
MEDITERANEAN Healed multit ude.
SEA Healed paralytic man.
., Called Matthew.
!LEE ,· Healed withered hand.
Healed ce nturian 1 s servant.
Raised Jairus 1 daughter.
Healed hemorrhage.
• '. ,..,._...._,� Healed 2 bllnd men, dumb demoniac.
Bread of life discourse.
Healed bllnd and dumb demoniac.
SAMARIA IETHSATDA - Fed 5000.
---- Healed blind man.
\
ERGEZA - Healed demonlac.
SEA OF GALILEE - Stilled tempest.
Walked on water.
GADARA • Healed demoniac.
DECA ID LIS - Healed deaf and dumb.
Fed l.tOOO.
PERAEA HORNS OF HATTIN - Chose the twelve •
. -Sermon on the Mount.
�
NAIN - Raised widow's son.
NAZARETH - Rejected twice in home town.

SOMgWHERE IN GALIUE - Cleansed leper.

JUDAEA

CHRIST 1 S WJRKS IN GA!iILEE

 ·.\

P'rIOENICIA
MEDITERANEAN
SEA

SAMARIA SAMARIA - Cleansed -lQ;.lepei"s.

------

11----- SYCHAR - Won woman at well.

.. :
_ , ,· ·•.;

PERAEA·- ■--------PERAEA - Blessed the dhi.ldren.

Sent the seventy.

JUDA�

CHRIST 1S hORKS IN SAMARIA AND PB!RA:EA

 FH)ENICIA

JERUSALEM - Healed impotent man

MEDITERANEAN (Pool or Beth esda).
SEA Forgave adulteress.
Healed ma, born blirrl.
Cleansed temple.
Last Suoner.
Betrayed.
Crucified.
Buried.
Arose.

SAMARIA BETHANY • Mary & Martha vtsi ted •

/--- Raised Lazarus.
Ascended (Mt or Olives).
/

JUOAEA

JERICID - Saved Zacchaeus.

Healed blirxl Bartimaeus
and another man.

· F.E'fHLEHEM - Eorn.

CHRIST'S WJRKS IN JUOAEA

 ----- ---
----�--
CONTENTS

I INTRODUCTION............................................... , •••• 1 0 • •

r-;- JE�·lS UNDER F'RI gSTL Y RU LE• •••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••, • • •l

�Ne�iriih.;��.-:--;--:::: .................................... 1
2. Eliash�b••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••2
3. Jonathan••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••o•••••••••••••2
l,. Ja!ldua••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• �2
5. Ptolemv Ph";_la:lelnhu:.;•••••••••• • •••••••••••••• •••• •••••2
6. Ont as Ir ........................ , ............. , .... ,., .2
R. PRO �rrNgNT T'ARTIFS ...................................... o • • • •• 2
T.�ar-i s"ees-:---:-:•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••o o •2
2. Hellenfzers,. •••••, •••• ••••• ••••••• •••••• ••••••••••o•■3
J. Essenes•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••3
11. Saclducees .......................................... o•o•3
5. Zeal,,ts••••.•.•••••••.•••••••••••• ■ ••••••••••••••••• o • 3
c. ANTIOCH!!S EPIPHAN3S ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••3
lti His l�thods••••••••••••••••• ■ o•• •••••••••••••••••••••• )
2. His Men (Jason, Menelaus, An<lronicus) •••••••• •••••••••I t
3 • H.is Mu�1nes
· •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••I�
D. TH� TULIT[CAL SITUATI'.lN ••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••. o 06
--i-.--l5el'"Sian '""15ir'1od ............................ , •••••• o, • o � .6
2. Grecian Period••••••••.•••••••••••• a••················6
3. Maccaooan Per'iod ••••• o ••• • • • •••• •••••••••• ••••• • •••• ••7
�. Roman Period••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••?
ETHNIC SITUATION••••• :.•.• •••• •••••• ••••••.•.••••••.•.•• o o •7
l ■ Jf!WS ■ • o • •• •••• •••• • • ••• • • •••• o ••• o • •• ••• •• • • •••••• •• • o 7
2. Greeks••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••?
3. Romans ■o••••••••••••••••••••�•••••••••••••••••••••••••7
F. LINGUISTIC SITUATION•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••o•o•••g
1:--Fo�ulative Period••••�•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••8
2. Classic::il Perit.ld••••·•••••••·••·•·•••••·••••••••••••••t3
J. Kaine Perio<l••••••••••••••••••••••••••••o••••••••••••o B
Ey-zanttne '!)er5..od••••••••••• , •• , •••••••••••••••• o o ••• •. 9

II - Srl:!:CIAL INT�DUCTION ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••9

A. 'Ka.t,thew Is �eI'••.••..••••..••.• , ••••••.••••• o ••••••••••••9
Autho�sri1P••••••••••·••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••·9
Deoe�lence and Language••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••lO
Occasi.on and Dat.e••••••••••••••• •••••••••••••••••••••10
Purpo:">e and 0lan•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• •11
Po-�_nts and Peculi.arities. ••• ••••••••••••••••• ••• •••••11
P.. MARK 1s o·J S PEL•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••11
-r:--AUfhorship•••••••••.•.••••••••••••• , •••••••••••••••••11
2. Denendence and Language••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••l3
3. Occasio n and Date••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••l3
, 110 Purnose and Plan••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••13
5. Polnts and Peculiarities••••• ••••••••••••••••••• •••••13

:i.
 c. LU'KE 1
S n-1s 1"'1!:L••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.l�i
---- ------,-
1. Authornnto••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••, IJ
2. nel'.'!Clii�ncc and Lan�uage •••••••••••••••••••••••••• •o •• 111
.

�. Oc�asi..on and Oat13.,...,. •••• ., •• ,.•••••·••••·•••••·•••••••l;,

J

,,. "Pun)oSe and 0lan •••• 15

It • • ••• •••••••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••••

5. ?otnts and Pcculi..ar,.t�_es•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••l�

I).
--,,--�--�- --·r-
THE SYN) PTIC GOS IBIS ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••15
l.. �yr1opt1.c . rob e!rt•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , 1,,:,
2. Concluslons •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 17
3. Solutlons •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0017

E. JOHN'S G�SffiL••••••••••••••••-••••••••••••••••••••••••••••18
-i-.--Autharshtp •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 •• 18
2. Depertience and Language••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••l9
3. Occasion and Date•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••·••••n•l9
l.i. Purpose and Plan ••• •••••••••• , ••••••.•••••• , • , •••••• •19
5. Points and Pecul iari.. tie::; •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••19

Ir- HIS GENE1toGIES.o••···········•·�·····························21

A. THE PLAN '1FTH� GENl!DlDGIBS•• ••••• •••••••••••••••.••••••.o21
-r;-""Hatthew's �eMology•• :•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••21
2. Luke's Geneology.•••••••••••••••••o••••••••••o••••••o22

II BIRTH AND INFANCY•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••o••••••••23

A o THE ANNUNcfATio N OF JO Jm TITE FA' 1T r.ST ••••••••••••••••••••••2 3
1. His Parents .•••..•.•. ;-;-;;-;-;::--;:-;•••••••..•••.•••••.•••2 3
2. The 'Oromi.se, •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• o ••• •• • •• • ,2_1
B. THE ANNUNCIATION O::' CHRIST••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••21.i
7.-.--The -Mini.Ster {('.fabrief) 2!.i
0 ••• • • • •••• ••• ••••• • •••• • • • •• • •

2. The Message.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••2�
J. The Method•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••25
!1o The Mei. iden • ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••2 5
5. Joseph Infonned••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••26
c. TIIE TIME OF HIS BIRTH ••••••• •••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••27
-r. Details of Ch�onology••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 0.027
2. Date of Chrtst 1 s Bir�h••••••• ••••••••••·•••••••••••••27
o. �RSHIPPE�S AT HIS BIRTH•••.••••• .., ••••••••••••••••••••••••27
Sl,ephercis-••••••.••••••.•••••• , ••••••••••••••••••••• •. '27
Simeon and An!1a............. •••••••••••••••••••••••••o28
Wise �n•••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••·••••••• , •••••••• 03:.1

III !-ITS FLIGHT 'ID EGYPT.�•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••3 1 1

A. TfilrLEMS TNV0LVSJ•••••••••••••••• •••••••••••••••••••••oo••3h
r:. Tlr��rn RES�)tvEo•••.•••••••••••••.••••••••.••.•..••• o. J!?

ii
TV - HIS CHILDHOOD .5?
A7‘“'WCY XT re OF CHRIST. 35
' B. THE &Y IN THE TEMPLE 35

V HIS BANISH 36
Ao THE MEN INVOLVED ■ 36
17 ~ John the Bantis t .......... . 37
2. Jesus ................................................... •• 37
B. THS MEANING OF JOHN’S BAPTISM ■ 37
C. THE MEANING OF CFIRIST’^“"BAPTISM BY JOHN 39
D. THE MODE INVOLVED 7.......................................... kO
3. PROOFS HIS BAPTISM WAS BY IMMERSION OR DIPDING. hl
F. ARGUMENTS ’’SPRINKLERS” USE FOR MODE OF BAPTISM, hl
VI - HIS TEMPTATION.................................................... .ohl
A. PRELIMINARY REMARKS ........................ .ohl
1. Treeeding events to Temptation. • oh2
2. The Place .................................... ..h2
3. The Period . o.b2
B. PERSONALITIES INVOLVED............................. . J-2
1• Holy Spirit .7777 ..h2
2. Satan ................ .. ..h2
3. The Saviour.......................... ...•••• ..h2
C. THE PATTERN OF THE TEMPTATION............. o o.h3
17 The AnpeaT^Eo’ 'the’TfesHT....... ..h3
2. The Anneal to the Pride of Life ..h3
3. The Appeal to the Eye................. ..’13
D. THE PRINCIPLE OF THE TEMPTATION......... ..h3
1. Point of the Temptation......... ..h)i
2. Proof of the Temptation.•........... ..bh
3. Preventatives Used............. ..’■h

*a:<t ,ii
RACK': ROUND

SECTION I - BACKGROUND

I - GEOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND................................................................... • Ji5

A. SYNTHETIC VIEW OF THE LAND . o.)i5
B. ANALYTICAL ................. ..L5
1. The Provinces during Herod the Great’s Time. • •h5 .
(Judea, Samaria, Galilee, Perea, Decapolis)
2e Provinces during the Tetriarchy. ••••• L6
II - nEOAGOGIC .h 7
a. theTIanner of his teaching .1(7
B. METHOD CfHTS TEACHING.... Ji7
r\
CONCLUSION L9

ill
SECTION II OPENING EVENTS OF CHRIST’S MINISTRY:

I - THE MESSIAH CONFESSED.... • ••o.....o.l|9

A. SETTING.... 119
Bo thOaviour o h9
C. the Sign.T7 1:9
II - THE MEN CID SEN.................................................... o b9
A. 'THE FTrsFgROUP............... h9
1. Men Involved••••••••••••••••• • SO
2. Personal Evangelism Ir*i tiated 50
B. THE SECOND GROUP....................................... •So
1. The Gall..................... o• • So
2. The Conquest............. •o •So
3. The Coming Event..... •••••• • Si
Ill - MIRACLE AT THE MARRIAGE IN CANA GF GALILEE ..Si
..Si
A. THE SCENE...............................................................
o

!• ’Location............................................................... ..si
2O Guests ...................... .oSl
B. THE SITUATION............................................................... • •S2
1. Mother’s Request«.................. oo ooS2
2. Master’s Reply............ . .•52
c. THE SOLUTION... ................... ..52
1. Containers Used•... . .o52
2. The Command of Christ................................ ..52
3. Trie Confession of the Governor.. • o .S2
Do SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MIRACLE............................. • oS3

SECTION III EARLY JUDAEAN MINISTRY:

I - THE DESECRATION OF THE TEMPLE............ ..S3

Ae THE DELEGATION ENUMERATED..... ..S3
B. THE CONFUSION OF EVENTS................. .oSh
Q th£"chai|acter o~f thi-Tencounter
1 • A S^hoTTc? AeL.T o ..5h
2. A Sign Announced .o?b

II - DISCOURSE ON THE NEW BIRTH Sb

A. THE MN HIMSELF, NICODEMUS Sb
B. T!!K MASTSk AT UaM57 o o• 55
THE MASTER'S HELP.. • 0 55
Do T!tE“F!ANTS HINDRANCE O « 0 o
tz:
E. THE MARVEIDUS HEALING..'..' c .o.56
j
in. ~ DECLARATION OF JOHN... ........................ ........................................................... oe.^7
A.. RESUME OF JESUS'^WDRK....................................0 • •........................................... ...-7

B.k REPORT 0F JOHbT^DISCIPLES... .......................................................................

. « o .. 5?
■v—
—o Hews cast RomarLs on Jolin Baptist’s Ministry.•••••••••5?
2. John’s Disci pies Jealous of Christ *s Position.........57
3. They Felt Christ was Unfair......o...........0........57

iv
 Q
REACTION OF JOHN THE BAPTIST... 57
D. RFTEcTT^FIToF JOHN’ tils' APOSTLE <8

SECTION IV - THE SAMARITAN MINISTRY:

I - THE MESSAGE TO THS SAMARITANS . 58
A. JESUS SOUGHT HER SOUL (Woman at Well) 58
B. HE SECURED HER INTEREST....... .. 58
q HE shockether otnscwce............ o o 59
Da HE SATISFIED HER HEART . 59
II - riE MESSAGE TO SERVANTS (Look yo, Go ye, -ray ye)...... •...59
SECTION V - THE GALILEEAN MINISTOY:

I * THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE MINISTRY .................... 60

Ao INAUGURATION . .................... 06O
1. TCrrivaT in Galilee z
2. He sling th e Nobion;an ’ s Son ..... • ••••• ..o. Q 60
3* His First Rejection at Nazareth ..61
he Journey to Capernaum.
B. ITINERATION .................................... .................. o.o.62
1. Call of ~
Four Disciples‘ ' 62
2c Casting out of a Demon 0 o .................. 63
% Curs cf Ester’s Mother-in-Law ............. ...6u
h. The Circuit Tour of Galilee•• .................. 65
5. Cleansing of a Leper......... 65
Go INDIGNATION ..6?
io Paralytic Man Healed........... a o ..67

2o The Call of Matthew. .......... ..68

3. The Problem of Fasting0.o.....«....o.ooaoo.«..o..». . ..68
The Pool of Bethesda and the Discourse that Followed ..69
5. The Plucking of Grain on the Sabbath. ..70
6. The Healing of the Withered Hand oc.70

II - CLIMAX OF THE MINISTRY O....O...TO

A? ORGANIZATION: ESTABLISHMENT Of'toe’kINGWm/. *. o70
~TT STiccess^of NIs’MFiTs try 0•«•©•••
0 o 70
20 Selection of His Men... ...70
3. Significance of the Terms 11 Kingdom of God & Heaven" ...71
a. Concept of the Kingdom o o ..-71
bo Characteristics of the Kingdom of Heaven.. ...73
c. Characteristics of the Kingdom of God..... .......7h
d. Contrasts between the two Kingdoms o ......... 75
Sermon on the Mount ..76
Be E X TO SITION OF THE SECOND BREACHING TOUR TN GALILEE ..... oo?2
1. CenVu"rlanrs Servant healed................ .. .. ........82
2. Widow’s Son Raised from Dead...••.••••*••.... ....... 83
3. John’s Question and Jesus’ Reply............. ............ 83
h. Woe to the Cities.. ............................. ....... 8b

V
 5. Christi Prayer and Ola-Im for Himself. ,85
6. The Mtnis tering Women o. ........... ♦..••• o .85
c. INSTRUCTION - A DAY OF TEACHING .85
1. The Unpardonable^ Sin ... o •o .85
2O The Mysteries of the Kingdom of Heaven. ... 0 o • 08"
(The seven parables of the Kingdom)
Do SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DAY OF MIRACLES.............. 90
17 Stilling of the Tempest.• . ... 90
2. Healing of the Demoniac (the swine).. ...o,91
3. Healing of two Blind Men and a Dumb Demoniac..•• .....92
E. THIRD PREACHING 70UR ........... .....92
1. Second Rejection at Nazareth.. ......... ... 92
2. Mission of the Twelve................ •••••••
.....92
F. CULMINATION.................................. 92
"3• " Discourse on the Bread of Life.••••••••• • o o•© 93

III - CONCLUSION OF THE MINISTRY............................................................. ..93

A o WITHDRAWAL "INTO NORTHERN GALILEE, . . o.93
1. Healing of the Syrouhoenician Woman’s Daughter.. ..o-»
2o Feeding of the hOOO (not ^000)•••.•••••••••••••• ..93
B. WORDS OF INSTRUCTION. ................................................ . .9h
1. Po te r ’ s C o nfe s si on (Rock & Keys ..9b
2. Christ Foretells His Death, Burial, Resurrection .,96
Lu Transfiguration of Christ.... o.96
5. Com?.ng Down From the Mountain ..96
6c Demoniac Boy Healed ..97
SECTION VI - LATER JUDAEAN MINISTRY:

I - TO JERUSALEM 97
A. DEPARTURE................................................ o 97
B. PERICOPE OF THE ADULTEROUS WOMAN 97
D. HEADING Or'fHE' MAN 1DRN BLINDS. * o 08
E. GOOD SHEPHERD 99
III - IN JUDAEA.................. • 99
A. OF THE SEVENTY................ • 99
B. GOOD SAMARITAN........................... 100
I. Wffi OF Ttfl? BARREN FIG TREE 100
SECTION VII - FERAEAN MINISTRY:

I - WITHDRAWAL FROM JERUSALEM

e DTSCOUKSE AT A’^iARI^E1 S TABLE........... ICO
1. Dramatic Incident (Christ healed on Sabbath) 100
2. Startling Indictment by Christ.. 101
a. Against Bad Manners (taking best seat) ,101
b. Agai ns t Bad Motives•••••••••••••••.••• ,101
3o Pertinent Illustration (3 silly excuses)... ,101

vi
 1). IO ST SHEEP, LOST SILVER, F30DIGAL SON 101
1. Lost Sheep -* Gause of Man’s Condition 101
2> Lost Silver - Condition of Man•••••••• 1C2
3- Prodigal Son * Cure of Man’s Condition 1C2
G. RAISING OF LAZARUS 103
1. Outstanding Facts 103
2© 0utl5_ne of Events 103
II - THROUGH SAMARIA AND GALILEE mb
C. TWO PARAES ON GRAYER.. ioh

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL AT END OF YEAR

THE VINE AND THE ERANCHES........... ...♦105

I - THE WORK 6*~ THE FATHER ♦ .♦..105
II - THE VORK OF ' THE SON... ....105
TEE DAY OF CRUCIFIXION............. ♦ 106
” A . FRIDAY'VIEW (TRADITIONAL) 106
WNESDAY ‘ VIEW - ......... 106
C. THURSDAY VIEW ......... 107
THS OLIVET DISODURSE (Matt 2h-25)
I - PREMILLENNIALVIEWS ON THESE CHAPTERS ..... o.l08
A. Post-TritulaLion Rapture ............. o.l08
Mid-Tribulation Rapture.••♦•♦•••••.««• ..108
C. Partial-Rap turi sts............ .................... ..108
D. Pre-Tribulation Ranture ..108
Io Two views ........................ ♦ ..108
2. The truth of the Olivet Discourse ..108

vu
 LIFE OF CHRIST

Rev. Don Davis

TEXT EPOK - ’’The Crises of the Christ” by G. Campbell Morgan.

COURSE REQUIREMENTS:

1. "Life of Christ Notebook" will be due in around Christmas.

The notebook is to be in permanent form bound in a simple soft-back
or 10£ binder.
A. My name will be on the front of the notebook and also on
a 3x$ card.
B. By Christmas, the notebook will contain an extensive out­
line on the f^rst half of “The Crises of the Christ" textbook.

C. The opening statement will be “Upon my honor as a Christian,

I have read pages through , "The Crises of the Christ."
SUPPLEMENTAL KOKS TO BUY AS ABLE:

1. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia.

2. Hastings Bible Dictionary.

3. “The hOO Silent Years" by Dr H.A. Ironsides (.soft-back, out of

print)

h. The Works of Joseohus*

I. INTRODUCTION: This course is a course of the historical Christ.

A. JEWS UNDER PRIESTLY RULE: The Old Testament end's with the Jews
under Persian'ruIeT" The Sew Testament begins with the Jews under Roman
rule. The Jewish historian Josenhus is very helpful on this U00 year
silent period. I Maccabees Is of some help but II Maccabees is not as
accurate.
1. NEHEMIAH - The Book of Nehemiah outlines and foretells the
work of Jesus Christ.
a. Nehemiah was a priest (Neh 10:1-8) who tried to keen
Israel true to God, away from false idols.
b. Balaam was a snare to the Jews. (Neh 13:1-3)
c. The Jews intermarried with heathens from Ashdod, Ammon
and Moab. (Neh 13:23)

1.
 d. Jewish children begin to learn Aramaic, the language
of the heathen instead of the Hebrew language. (Neh 13:2h)

e. Nehemiah showed them the curse declared under the Law

in Deuteronomy for not staying separated unto God and his efforts were
largely successful.
f. But Malichi shows how neonle can be outwardly separated
from the world but not inwardly separated unto God. The Pharisees were
this way.
_____ * Arrived on the scene in about lih^B.C. (Neh 12:23)
2. ELIASHIB
He is part of the priestly line which traces from Jeshua in Neh 12:1.

3. JONATHAN - A Godless priest who murdered his own brother in

the Temple, according to Josenhus.

h JADDUA - A Godly priest of spotless integrity, a faithful

ruler, the son of Jonathan, the last priest mentioned in the Old Testament.
a. According to Josephus, Jaddua supposedly recognized
Alexander the Great as the third world emperor of Daniel’s dream interpret­
ation •
b. As Alexander the Great anproached Jerusalem^ Jaddua and
his white-robed priests went out to meet him. Alexander the Great fell at
Jaddua1s feet, claiming to have recognized Jaddua as a representative of
God. Alexander promised that Jerusalem would not be touched and this
promise was kept during his lifetime.

c. Alexander the Great’s kingdom was divided into northern

and southern sections with Israel in the middle. Much battling took place
there during the silent period.
5. PTOLEMY PHILADELPHUS - King of Israel when the Gredc Septua-
gint was written in $77 B.C.

6* ONI AS II - lived around 2h? B.G., was the son of a very worthy
father Simon the Just.

Bo “PROMINENT PARTIES - For a long time the two main parties striving
for domination df Judea were the Pharisees and the Sadducees.

1* PHARISEES - Strongest of the two parties. They clung to the

Law, added to Ft,'becoming very legalistic (became the Legalistic Party).
They loved pomp and ceremony.

A. The word "Pharisee" comes from a Hebrew root word which

means "to separate."

2
 Be Jesus condemned them for their self-righteousness and
• hypocrisy.

2. HELLENIZERS - (grec’an) These were Jews who moved away from

the land during the war-£orn period of silence and returned with Grecian
ways and customs. They tolerated Greek religion even though they were Jews
and were looked down upon by the Pharisees and Sadducees.
3. ESSENES - These were Jews who hated the ways of the Greeks
and heathen (or anyone who was not a Jew). They refused the legalism of
the Pharisees and became a sect quite difficult to define. They placed
spirituality above outward conformity and were called the "Quakers of
Judea" and "Pietists."

h. SADDUCEES - The word derived from the name of a high priest

Zadock. While accepting the entire Old Testament, they emphasized the
first 5 books and denied many Old Testament doctrines. They did not survive
the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D. They were mainly a political party
in point and when the Jewish State collapsed, they disappeared from history.
5. ZEALOTS - This was not a religious group, but were fanatical
nationalists who wanted to be free from Roman and all bondage. One of the
Disciples was Simon the Zealot.

C. ANTIOCHUS EPIPHANES - the "Anti-Christ" of the Old Testament. He

was head of the north at the time when the northern and southern kingdoms
were battling back and forth through Israel.
He received his Kingdom during time of turmoil through treachery.
The name "Epinhanes" means "the Illustrious One." He gave himself this
name.
1. HIS METHODS - mainly flattery and treachery.
a. He wanted the Jews on his side to furnish his armies
food while travelling through to plunder Egypt. (Armies had to live off
the land in those days.) He tried flattery on the Jews but they hated him
and resisted him in every way.
b. When flattery failed, he used treachery on the Jews.
In 171 B.C., he went into the Temple and prophaned it by sureading the
broth of a sow on the altar and all over the walls. He killed thousands
of Jews as noted later.

c. He put Godly Onias III out of the temple and out in

Onias1 wicked brother Joshua who changed his name from Joshua to Jason
after the Greek hero. Jason promised Antiochus he could persuade the Jews
to follow him. Antiochus gave Jason a free hand with the Jews,

3
 2. HIS MEN - of the same calibre*
a• JASON - sorry brother of Onias III*
(1) Jason sent his younger brother to Antiochus with
collected tribute money. While there, this younger brother, Minelaus
offered Antiochus more tribute money for the priesthood than Jason was
giving and he got the priesthoods

(2) When Jason heard of this treachery, he fled in

terror and Menelaus took over as Driest*
b* MENELAUS - younger brother of Jason*
(1) Menelaus found he couldn’t collect enough money
from the Jews to pay the promised amount of tribute to Antiochus.

(2) He stole the holy vessels from the Temple and

sold them in Tyre*
(3) The Godly priest Onias raised a fuss about this
and Menelaus appointed Andronicus to murder Onias, his older brother.
().«) After Andronicus murdered Onias, the Jews made
such a fuss that Antiochus had the assassin Andronicus put to death*
(5) Menelaus fled in terror but later bought back
his place of exoneration with money*

3. HIS MUSINGS (DOINGS)

a* In 171 B.C., Antiochus invaded Egypt and word got back
to Israel that he had been killed* The Jews were so elated they overthrew
Menelaus and gave great parties.

b* He was not dead. He became so angry over the Jew’s

elation that he went to Jerusalem and slew b0,000 Jews in 3 days and took
1*0,000 more as slaves.

c. He forced his way into the Holy of Holies, carried off

the golden candlesticks and vessels, destroyed the fooks of the Law, and
erected an idol altar upon which he burnt a sow*

d. The Jews were enraged beyond words* This very act of

desecration was foretold in Dan 11:31. This made the Jews determined to
get rid of Antiochus at any cost and out of this was the seed of the Mac-
cabean revolt*
 e. The Maccabean Deriod was the time of wars for Jewish
independence hinted at by Dan 11:33-35♦ The war began in 170 B.C.

f. In 169 B.C., Antiochus made another inroad to Egypt

and was met by the Roman Emminent Ponillus on the shore of the Mediter-
anean Sea. He ordered Antiochus to return by order of Rome. When
Antiochus started hedging, Popillus drew a circle around him and told
him to give his answer to Rome before he stepoed out of the circle,

g. Antiochus agreed against his will. He was not strong

enough to oppose the Roman Government even though at the moment he had
a larger army on the spot than Rome did on the Roman ship in the bay.

h. He returned to Jerusalem and vented his anger against

the already ruined city, slew thousands, and took thousands more into
slavery. He put to death any Jew keening the Sabbath or any other Jewish
custom or law. It was a dark day for the Jewish peoule.

i. Mattathias Maccabees, in the village of Modin, had 5

sons. The title "Hammer of God" was justly given to the third son Judas
Maccabees, bit is now generally applied to all.

Antiochus sent a Commissioner to try to get Mattathias

Maccabees to denounce God and offer a sacrifice on the heathen altar so
the other people who respected him would follow suit.

k. Mattathias refused. A renegade Jew .tried

Mattathi as and his sons refused,
to get to the altar to offer a sacrifice and was instantly slain by Matta-
thias. He also slew the Commissioner and destroyed the altar.

1. The Maccabees fled to the wilderness and gathered an

army of Jews together. Insurrection spread against the King.

m. Mattathias Maccabees died in 166 B.C. and his third son

Judas Maccabees was anuointed to direct the war.

n. Judas Maccabees was a political warrior and a man who

walked with God. He was the "Champion between the Testaments,” He defeated
Aupollonins and Seron at Beth-Horon and had many other victories.

o. After Antiochus Eniphanes ran out of war money, he

turned the government of the °alestinian provinces over to Lyclus who
continued trying to crush the Maccabean revolt. Lyeius was to rule until
Antiochus* 9-year-old son came of age.

P One day in battle against the Syrian Army, Eleazer, the.

youngest Maccabees saw an elephant all decked out in fancy coverings.
Thinking the young son of Antiochus might be on the elephant, Eleazer ran
under the elephant and thrust a spear in its belly to enable him to get at
the young heir. Tragically, the elephant fell on him, killing him This
was a final blow to the morale of the Jews,

5
 ■

■'

I
I
q. Judas Maccabees was killed in 161 B.C. while fighting
the Syrian Army against great odds.

r. His brother Jonathan became the Captain-General of the

Army. He became a high priest and was murdered in Ihb B.C.

s. The last remaining Maccabees son Simon took over as

head of the Patriot Party and after the murder-of Antiochus VI, Simon was
able to work out a treaty with Rome in lb 3 B.C. which formally recognized
the independence of the Jews.

t. The Maccabean Period ended at 135 B.C., having lasted

35 years. The Jews had lost their Godly separation and simple trust in
God. From the close of the Maccabean Period to the appearance of John the
Baptist, spiritual decadence became more and more evident.

D> THE POLITICAL SITUATION:

1. PERSIAN PERIOD:

a. The 10 northern tribes were taken into cactivity in

722 B.C.

b. The 2 southern tribes were led into captivity with fish­

hooks (Amos h:2) in 658, 636, and 606 B.C.

c. In about 539 B.C., the Persians defeated the Babylonians

and Cyrus the Great, King of Persia, allowed the Jews to return to Israel.

2. GRECIAN PERIOD:

a. Alexander the Great, the first world conquorer and most

important Grecian King, defeated the Persians in 33b B.C.

be He was important for 2 reasons:

(1) He established a free government.
(2) He soread Greek culture.
c. After he died in 323 B.C., four of his generals divided
up his kingdom as follows:

(1) Ptolemy - Egypt and Southern Syria.

(2) Solucius - Northern Syria and some of Asia Minor.

(3) Casander - Macedonia.

(h) Lysinachus - Greece and western Asia Minor.

(a) Solucius eventually took over the Kingdom of

Lysinachus. Solucius in the north and Ptolemy in the south were constantly
warring back and forth with Palestine as a battleground. This factor helped
6
bring grecian customs and language to Palestine.

3. Maccatean Period: See previous notes.

h. Roman Period: Began in 63 B.C.

a. Herod became ruler of Palestine in 37 B.C.

b. Christ came into a GREO3-ROMAN world, The Jews no

longer spoke Hebrew but spoke Aramaic and Greek.

c. The Roman Period nolitically nreoared the world for

Christ.. The Romans built roads linking the empire and made the roads
safe for travel, making it possible to spread1 the Gosnel. We had the
first genuine world peace under the Roman rule. Greeks had made
bl ack ton' roads but Romans made stone roads because of the abundance-
of slave labor. (
d. Caesar did not destroy the good of previous empires
as conquerors generally did; but built them uo.

e. He did not change the Greek language but strengthened

its use to make it the world language.

f. This fact makes for TO VERY IMPORTANT (DNTRI BUTTONS:

(1) Tt made a Bible for the world to read.

(2) It caused the Bible to be written in a language

that was exact*.

NOTE? Old Testament Hebrew was too broad a language'to pin down New
Testament doctrines. Some symbols meant different things.. However,
New Testament Greek was very exact to the dotting of the i’s and the
crossing of the t’s.

go Greek Septuagint of the Old Testament translated

from Hebrew to Greek during the reign of Ptolomy Philadelnhus in
277 BC.

E. ETHNIC SITUATION:

1. JEWS: The Jews lived simoly and were outstanding as a.

nation because of their production of the Old Testament.

2O GREEKS: The Greeks were famous for their art, culture,

and nhilosonhy. They developed their own ideas' and customs instead
of conying others.

3. ROMANS: The Romans were generally cold-blooded, war-

7
loving, lovers of strength; nractical neonle who loved pleasure so
much that they would cony others instead of taking time to develon
for themselves.
F. LINGUISTIC SITUATION:

1. BDRMULATIVE ^ERIOD from the origin of the Greek language

to 900 BC.-
a. Greece was very mountainous. The original Greek
settlers were Nomadic tribes who settled in scattered valleys and?
developed their own dialects.
b. Three main dialects were 5

(1) Doric-

(2) Aeolic

(3) Ionic - most influential*

CLASSICAL
2'. _ ______ PERIOD from 900 BC to 330 BC. The various
dialects merge into the Cl assicaj Greek Language as the people get
together and travel about as Greece becomes a power.
3. KOINE ^ERTOD from 330 BC to jOO AD. The Greek language
becomes the world ‘Tanguage.
a. Reasons for Koine in the known world:

(1) Greek Colonization throughout the known world*

(2) Greek unification against enemies from Asia Minor.

(3) Greek devotion to common gods which brought

colonists together for worship.

(U) Greek subjugation of getting tribes to help

fight by promising to make an idol of their gods if the fight is won.
b. Imo ortant discoveries in the New Testament Greek:
(1) The Puritis^t - says the Greek of the New Testament
was Aeolic-Greek and could only be understood in the light of the Aeolic
dialect.
(2) The Hebreist - says that the New Testament Greek
was a special language given only for the Bible.

(3) Adolph Diceman is a significant name tn New Testament

8
Greek.

(a:) He demonstrated that the New Testament

Greek was the language of the neonle at that time and that BOTH
TEE PURTT7ST AND HEERIEST WERE WRONG.
(b) J.H. Moulton annlied the conclusions
of Diceman in his work.
(U) Diceman found the following proofs that the
Greek of the New Testament was the same as the language snoken:
(a) Pyric inscriptions were the same as
language snoken.

(b) Potsherds (broken nieces of pottery)

had inscrintions.

(c) All inscrintions from that time neriod:

were the same*

_________
h. BYZANTIME PERIOD from 330 AD to lh$3 AD. Begins with
the division of the Roman Empire.

II. SPECIAL INTRODUCTION

A. THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW.

1. Authorship - Matthew
a. External evidence; (From sources other than the
manuscript)

(1) The church fathers all mentioned that Matthew

was the author* They knew the anostles and carried on the work after
the anostles died*

(2) The early church said it was Matthew.

(3) Irenaeus testified that he knew P7LYCARP who

was a pupil of John the Anostle, who said Matthew was the author.
b. Internal evidence:

(1) Two names used help to prove authorship of

Matthew. Matthew and Levi. Most neonle had two names. Matthew is
Greek meaning ’’Gift of God”; Levi is Hebrew.

9
 (2) Matthew’s fitness for the task:
(a) Matthew was obviously well acquainted
with Jesus’ ministry because he immediately left a profitable business
of tax collecting when Jesus said ’’Follow Me.”

(b) He was a Jew so he was well qualified

to write the Book of Matthew which contains more Old Testament
quotations than any of the other gosn els.

(c) The B?ok of Matthew is written basically

to the Jews.
2. Dependence and Language: Danias says the Book of Matthew
is constituted of the LICTa (HeFrew Oracles).
a. Two Document Theory: Refers to the work of Matthew
containing discourses of Christ. These discourses and the Hebrew
oracles (LOGIA) make un the Greek copy of Matthew.
b. Panias said the Book of Matthew was originally
written in ARAMAIC and someone later translated it into Greek.
c. Panias was correct in that Matthew wrote the LOGIA
but was wrong about the language it was written in.
(1) Matthew wrote the LOGIA in Greek.

(2) The quality of the Greek in the Logia makes-:

it doubtful that it is a translation. Translations always lose
quality.

(3) The Book of Matthew has Hebre'sms in Greek

form to show it was written in Greek for Jews.
df. He was right about an Aramaic Gospel of Matthew
BUT MATTHEW WRITE THE FLAWLESS GREEK MANUSCRIPT AS WELL. The Book
of Matthew was inspired of God into Greek and later translated try
Matthew into Aramaic, The Aramaic is never identified with the Greek
manuscript.

3. Occasion and Date: Roughly lif> AD.

a. Tradition says Matthew preached 1£ years in Palestine and

later went both North and South spreading a good part of the Gosnel
to the known world.
b. He preached to Syrians, Persians, Medes, Macedonians,
Ethiopians, and Corinthians. He was a Jew and used a lot of Hebrew

10
reasonings and words.

c. The Book was written in about !i5 AD after he had

gained some experience as to the need of the took.

Il- °uroose and Plan:

a. The book encouraged and confirmed the persecuted

Christians in their faith.

b. The book also was written to prove the Gid Testament

was fulfilled in the Lord Jesus Christ. His ma*n theme was the Messiah.

5. Points and Peculiarities:

a. Matthew is the ’’Jewish Gospel” Because it deals with

the ’’King and the Kingdom.” d ur i ng the Mi Hini urn •
The first h chanters are chronological.
b.
$ through 13 are topical.
1U through 28 are again chronological
(with exception of chap tors 21, 18, and 19).
c. The Greek word "TOTTE" (then) appears 90 times.
The book develops with time.
d. Matthew is the only Gosnel which has the word
"Church” in it. It appears 3 times.

e. Matthew alone tells of Judas* repentance.

B. THE GOSPEL OF MARK:

1. Authorship: Undoubtedly the J3HN MARK who is mentioned

8 times in the' New Testament. The following items are of interest
concerning Marks
The name ’’Mark” means "Grace of God”. He was n robably led to Christ
by Peter because Peter refers to Mark as his son in the ministry in
1 net. $:13.
His mother’s name was ’’Mary,” a popular name among the early Christians
(derived from ’’Miriam”). His uncle was the ’’Barnabas” of the New
Testament.

His mother was a fine Christian lady who lived in Jerusalem. The
Apostles often used her home for public worship and nrayer. Mark’s
mother and Uncle Barnabas were originally from Cypress and their
father was a weal the Jewish (Levite) landowner. After his death,
the mother moved to Jerusalem. (See Acts b:36) Also, in Acts 12,
when the angel delivered Peter out of jail during the Prayer Meeting
which was being conducted in a home for his deliverance, he went to
this home. He knocked at the outer gate and was let in by a slave
11
girl named Rhoda. This nroves Mark’s mother was rich for only the
rich had slaves and outer walls and gates.

Mark and Barnabas started out w'th Paul on his first missionary journey.
For some reason, Mark loft them at Perga and returned home, Perhans
this was because he was a ’’Hebrew of the Hebrew” brought u^ as a
Jew under the Law, and, even though a Christian, he still had difficulty­
offering salvation to the Gentiles on the terms of faith alone .
Paul had to straighten neter out publicly-’ for this same problem.

Mark’s desertion brought hard feelings between Paul and Barnabas.

Paul would not permit Mark to accompany them on the second journey.
Barnabas and Paul sp lit up over this; Paul taking Silas and Barnabas
took Mark. Mark developed into a highly respected oorson in the eyes
of Paul and the early church fathers.

At the close of Paul’s life, Mark had gained a place of great respect
in Paul's life, In II Tim bill, Paul stated that Mark was profitable
to him for the ministry.

According to tradition, Mark went back to peter after Paul fa death in

67-69 AD and Peter sent him on a Gosnel Mission to Alexandria, Egynto
He founded the Church of Alexandria which was later destroyed by the
Mohammedans. He died in Egynt as a martyr. In 81? AD, Venician
soldiers stole his body and he was buried under the high altar in
St. Mark’s Cathedral in Venice.

a*. External evidences? (outside the text of the Book)

(1) Testimonyes - Pan-5as said that John said Mark

wrote the Book of Mark as the interpreter of Peter. Mark had travelled
with Peter extensivel;/ and wrote the book to aid Christians in matters
of doctrine that he had heard Peter preach in sermons. The book might
be called ’’The Memoirs of Peter’.'

(2) The Muratorian Fragment - An ancient fragment

of great importance is beli’e ved to contain an inscription from the Gosoel.
(See Strong’s ’’Systematic Theology”, oara (b), cage lb7)

(3) The Church F a th er s all agreed that John Mark was

the author of the Go sue1 of Mark.

b. Internal Evidences:

(1) The little amount of internal evidence agrees with

the external evidences. Mark lh:£l-52 is most likely a reference to Mark
himself because Mark later claims to have had personal contact with Jesus.

(2) The guest room where Jesus ate the ^ast Supper is
believed to have been in John Mark’s home.

12
 (3) His first name John is Jewish* However, his last
name Mark is Roman. Because of his father’s wealth, he no doubt had a
Roman citizenship.

(li) He lived in Jerusalem. The Book of Mark was

written by someone who knew the area very well.

(5) The fact that early Christians used his mother’s

home for a meeting place indicates he certainly was up on what was going
on in the ’’Christian world."’

2. DEPENDENCE AND LANGUAGE:

a. DEPENDENCE: Mark was dependent on ^eter for the material

Peter had for his took, such as his experiences with Christ personally and
the things he had seen firsthand* Christ’s feelings and emotions are graph­
ically portrayed so Mark must have gotten this infonnation from Peter who
was there.

LANGUAGE:: The language is neither technical nor slang,

b. LANGUAGE
just the clean, vigorous, simple middle-class style, very concise in
description*

3. OCCASION AND DATE: Apparently 6? A.D. after Peter’s martyrdom.

h. PURPOSE AND PLAN:

a. PHRASE: Since the book interprets and explains Jewish

customs and laws, it i’s clearly not written to the Jews who already know
this • It is obviously written to introduce Jesus to the gentiles*
b. PLAN: Mark nictures Jesus as "The Servant of Jehovah."
He sets forth the concept of a servant who becomes victorious; turning
defeat into victory. This type of story would appeal to the strength­
loving Romans and the gentiles who were under Roman culture.

5. POINTS AND PECULIARITIES:

a. Mark pictures Jesus as the ’’Servant of Jehovah,” dwelling
hO:$3)
on the servitude instead of the Kingship of Christ. (Isa hO:53)

b. Mark wrote a Gosnel of the ’’deeds of Jesus” to tell the

gentiles, who had never heard of Jesus, what he did.

c. Mark’s Gosnel contains no geneology, no account of the

Virgin Hrth, and no record of Christ’s childhood years. This was because
he was presenting a servant, not a king, and to the Romans, a servant had
no geneology.

13
 d. Peter is mentioned by name in various connections with
this Gospel. (Mark 1:36, 11:21, and 13:3)

e. Although Mark is the shortest Gospel, many times he

gives the greatest detailed accounts of haopings related within. (Mk 6:lh,
Mk 7, and Mk 12:28-3h)

f. Mark’s Gospel quotes the Old Testament only onoe.

(Mk 1:2-3)
g. Its ending may be shorter or longer. Some believe Mark’s
Gospel ends at 16:8 because verses 9-20 are not found in the two oldest
manuscripts, the Sinaiticus and the Vaticanus. Obviously, Mark did not
end with verse 8 but scholars are uncertain what the correct ending really
is.

c THE GOSPEL OF LUKE:

1. AUTHORSHIP:
a. EXTERNAL EVIDENCES:

(1) The Church Fathers quoted Luke’s Gosoel as such.

(2) The Muratorian Fragment calls ’’Luke” the third

Gospel.

(3) Marcion the Gnostic accented only Luke’s Gospel

into his canon. See Strong’s ’’Systematic Theology” cage lh7»

b. Internal EVIDENCES:
(1) There is no question Luke wrote ’’Acts;” The same
characteristic vocabulary, style and dictation is found in both Luke and
Acts. Obviously, both books have the sane author.

(2) Luke was a physician, Medical language and details

are used in both hooks.
2 DEPENDENCE AND LANGUAGE:
a. rENPENCE: Luke's name appears only in haul’s Endsties.
Luke was a gentile-(mentioned with Demas, a gentile in Col h:lh) He dis­
played a curious interest in the City of Antioch, Syria. Tradition savs-
Luke was from Antioch in Syria. See Acts 6:5, 11:19-27, 13:1, and chapters
lh, 15, and 18 for examples of his mentioning Antioch. Also, Luke lived in
Philinni for a time. He remained a bachelor and, according to some sources,
died in Bithynia at age 7h. He wrote the took especially to the Greek mind
and used many sources for Hs Gospelo

lh
 be LANGUAGE: Greek«

3. OCCASION AND DATE:

a. OCCASION? First, he wanted to convert or confirm

the faith of Theophilus. He addresses Theophilus in Luke l:3~h and
Acts Irl. Luke had a vital interest in everything around him.. He
investigated everything thoroughly and wrote his books in great
detail. He wrote primarily to the Greek mind, knowing that the
Greeks are interested in philosophy, art, poetry, attention to detail,
and lovely ppose. His book contains all of these.
b. DATE: Earlier than Mark’s Gospel) probably writing
his Gosnel of Luke in $8 and his Book of Acts in 61.
h.PLIRtOSE AND PLAN:

ao To convert or confirm Theophilus and all others who

read it.

b. To set forth the perfections of the Son of Man as

the friend and redeemer of man; the Savior of all who believe. Greek
Mythology had made much of the fact that their gods had human character­
istics and weaknesses.

5. POINTS AND PECULIARITIES:

a. This is the Gospel of the ”norfect Humanity of Christ.”

b. Lube makes much of prayer.

c. Women and children are prominent in Luke’s Gosnel,

showing the tenderness of Christ. Jesus loved children and widows;
axl women often fed him and attended Ivs needs.

d. Luke is the most literary and beautiful of the

four Gosrals.

e. He uses many medical terms and shows snecial interest

in sick peonle. He differentiates between demon possession and illness.
D. THE SYNOPTIC GOSPELS: (Matthew, Mark, and Luke are so much al;ke)

1. SYNOPTIC PROBLEM (SAMENESS) AND ITS S3 LUTH N:

a. THE PROBLEM: Matthew, Mark, and Luke form the "synoptic

Gospels." The word means same, sameness, or the more accentable
meaning is "SEEING T3GETHER’.’ These three Gosnels generally contain
the same materials. John omitted a lot of the material found in them

1£
8

and contains material not found in them. They present the LIFE OF
CHRIST from much the same standpoint.
b. ^RQHJSED SOLUTION T1 THE PROBLEM: It is little
w onder they sound similat when you consider that they all made use
of the same materials and sources and that the later synontic writers
made use of the earlier.. Several nronosed solutions have been of­
fered over the years:
(1) UREVANCELIUI-1 THEORY:

(a) That the first Gosnel came from oral

traditions The Gosnel writers heard the same oral tradition and
then they each wrote in the light of what they heard.
(b) Those who hold this view say that the
oral tradition came and then Matthew’s Gosnel came in Aramaic. The
other Gospel writers heard the oral tradition, read Matthew’s Aramaic,
and that this accounts for the sameness.
(c) This solution is rejected by most scholars
today.

(2) INTERDSpEMOENQE TfrSORY:

(a.) One Gosnel writer heard the oral tradition

and wrote Matthew’s Gospel in Aramaic. The second writer wrote his
from both the oral tradition and Matthew’s Aramaic Gosnel. The
third writer wrote his from the oral tradition and the other two
Gosnels.
(b) This theory is wrong because it assumes
Matthew wrote in Aramaic and later translated into Greek.
(3) F RAGMSNTARY THEO RY:

(a) That the synontic Gosnels are derived

from thousands of fragments around their area.
(b) Th’s v4 f I is a modernistic abroach to
the ’’form criticism.”

(h) ORAL TRADITION THEORY: That the Gosnel writers

only wrote down that mater5 a] they had heard over and over so much
it had become tradition.
(5) TO-DOCUMENT TlfDRY or THE ”Q” DOCUMENT THEORY:
This theory says the first so urc e was Mark *s Gosnel. Subtract from
Mark all the material found in Matthew’s and Luke’s Gosnels and what
is left over makes un the ”Q” Document. Examples are the Geneology,
Birth of Christ, and childhood years. Mark supposedly used this
” Document to write his Gosnel; hence, TWO DOCUMENTS.
16
 (6 ) FO UR-DCOUMENT THE?RY:

(a) That there was not only a ”Q” Document

from Antioch,’ but also an ”M” Document from Rome, an’’MK" Document
from Jerusalem, and an ”L” Document from Caesarea.

(b) The ”Q” Document from Antioch was supposedly

used by Matthew and Luke to form the material accumulated in Mark.

(c) Matthew also used the ”Mtt Document and Luke

used the ”L” Document.

2. CONCLUSIONS:

a. The synopsis has preserved individuality of thought.

Their thinking pattern runs differently in the three Synoptic Gospels.

b. The framework of most stories are different, from diff­

erent views.
Co The most extensive agreement occurs in the words of
• Jesus.

3. SOLUTIONS OF TIE SYNOPTIC PROBLEM:

a. DIRECT KNOWLEDGE:

(1) Matthew could have written practically all his

material from direct knowledge since he walked with Jesus from the first
of Jesus’ ministry. He was probably acquainted with the preaching of John
the Baptist.

(2) As a tax collector, he had obviously talked with

everjnjne associated with Jesus in any way.

(3) Mark got his material from Peter who had direct
knowledge of Josus.

b. ORAL TEACHINGS OF THE TIMES: The Jews were commonly

____________
taught orally, not~from books. Tapias said ,rWhat was said by a living
voice is more important than what was written in a book.” The Synoptic
writers had benefit of the oral teachings of the times.

c. SHORT WRITTEN ACCOUNTS: Luke 1:1-2 says "As many have

taken "‘n hand.” Man?/ eyewitnesses had written down what they had seen and
the Gospel writers had these short written accounts for their consideration.
Luke admits their use in the above verses as research material.

17
 d. IHSPIRATION OF THE HOLY SPIRIT: Thi.s ls the most
important solution to the .::.ynoptic Problem. The other three are prone
to error; this solution is free from error.

E. THE OOSPEL OF .KJHN:

1. A1JTHORSHIP: Jo:m, the oldest li.ving discinle, tr.� only one

who escfi:;,ed mar t,yrdo,i and di..ed a natural death a At lc"lst b:o attemoted
:nart.yrdoms had fa:i.led R Th-ls Gospel was written toward the :::lose of the
fi.rst century.

aa EXTERNAL EVIOENCSS:

(1) Early wr;_tcrs such as !'api..as, Polycc1-r-p, aP.d Irenaeus

quote Jl')hn 1 s Gospel.

( 2) The only excertion to the universally a: cented

au thorship of John was c�,rinthus, a heretic, who beli.eved i..n the 11 Adoptioni.st
Theory. 11 This theory says Jesus became God at His baptism and, since God
cannot die, Je3us stonoed being God on the cross and di.eda

(3) Theophilus of Ant1.-,ch was the earliest. writer to

na!lle Jo�n. !renaeu'3 said Joh!'l di.d write a Gospel in Ephesus in As•�a ..

b. INTERNAL EVIDSNC�S:

(1) The author was a Jew.

(a) He quoted the Old Test�mE�t three times in

Jn 12:!10, Jn 13:18, and Jn J:13.

(b) Ile was ,3,cquainted with the Jewish Feasts. _

(c) He was knowledgea'cle with the burial customs

of the Jews.

(d) He was well info1,ned of thg ni.cture o.f the

Jewish weddtn�.

(e) Ile was aware of tr.e Je,,rtsh custom nf nuri_f-;-

'int; thi.ngs.

(f) We see the Jewi.sh estimati.on of wo:i1en (on a

le?el wlth gentiles and dogs.)

(2) The author was a Palestinaan Jew.

(a) He knew Jacob's well was deep. (Jn l.i:11)

18
 (b) He knew there was a descent from Cana
to the Sea of Galilee, that the land sloped eastward to the Sea.
(John 2rl2)
(c) He distinguishes BETHANY from BETHANY.
The Bethany in John 1:28 was east of the Jordan River and the Bethany
in John 11:18 was west- of the Jordan River.

(d) He describes the Temnle in John 10:22.

(e) He states that GOLGOTHA was a nlace of
the skull located outside the city.

(f) He expresses the emotions and feelings

of the Lord.

(g) He reflects the opinions or reflections

of the Disciples.

(h) Of the three discioles closest to the

Lord, John was the only one the author could be. Peter is mentioned
by name and James had been killed.
2. DEPENDENCE AND LANGUAGE:
John supplements the Synoptic Gosnels with a history
of the early Judean ministry.

b. He uses simple language which can be easily understood.

3. OCCASION AND DATE:

a. OCCASION: John was a bishoo in Ephesus, according

to tradition. Although he wrote in obedience to the Holy Snirit, he
was quite likely encouraged to write this hook in his sunset years
to fill in from Its personal experiences?: the things other writers
left out.
b. DATE: Tn Enhesus in about 8^-90 AD.

!i. 1PURy)S
------- ~~EAND PLAN: Directly st ritual, to cause men to
turn to Christ.

5. PECULIARITIES:

a. Has an announced purpose (John 20:30-31) That anyone

reading might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that
believing ye might have life through his name.

19
 b. Omits account of John the Baptist’s birth, as well
as the birth of Christ, geneology, youth, baptism, temptation, and
transfiguration of Christ. He left these out because he is oicturing
the GOO, not the MAN*

c. Only one who reports the early Judean ministry.

d. No parables are recorded because he wanted his
Gosnel to contain no mystery.

e. There are eight miracles in John, of which six are

peculiar to John’s Gosnel., Only the feeding of the $000 and Jesus’
walking on the water are found in the Synontics.

f. John has an account of all but 20 days of Christ’s

mini stry. No other writer covered so extens:vely; John even tells
what and where.
Some of the characteristic words:

(1) EELTEVE, or connates of this word appear about

100 times. Strangely enough, the words ’’belief” and ’’faith” do not
apnear in this Gosnel.
(2) John makes mention of GID as ’’FATHER” 122 times*

(3) He mentions ’’GLORY" and "DOVE" 33 times.

(b) He says “VERILY VERILY” 2$ times.

h. Different titles are given to Christ; more than in
any other Gosnel. Some of these are: The Word, Only Begotten, Lamb
of God, Son of God, True Bread, Light, Shenherd, Door, The Way, The
Truth, Life, Resurrection, and Vine. Many of these are introduced by
the formula "I AM.” All of these imnly Deity.

i. The pericooe of the adultrous woman. (John 8:1-11)

The old Scofield Boble notes leave a question but the new edition says
it is Scrioture.

20
 PART I

CHRIST’S ^REPARATIONS
I. HIS GENED LOGIES:

A. THE PLAN OF THE GENE?LOGIES:

1. Matthew’s Geneology (Matthew 1:1-17) is the ”Geneology

of the King."

a. Christ’s lineage is to be traced back to both David

and Abraham. The word "generat4.on" in Matthew 1:1 is a singular
because Jesus has always existed.
(1) Why does verse 1 call him both "Son of Dav4d”
and "Son of Abraham?" When the Jews rejected the "Son of David" who
was entitled to the throne by descendence, they were still stuck with
Him as the "Son of Abraham."

(2) See "AERAHAMIC COVENANT" in Genesis 15. When

two men made a covenant in those days, both men were to walk between
the two altars. However, in Genesis 15:12, Abraham sleens while God
walks through in verse 17. God is saying, "I will keen the covenant.”

(3) God ‘ promised Abraham three things:

(a) A great nation. (Genesis 17:U-5)

(b) A great salvation. (Genesis 15:6 and Romans h)

(c) A greatinheritance. (Gen. 15:7 and 19)

(k) The "DAVIDIC COVENANT" (II Samuel 7:8-16) gives

five things to Israel:

(a) Security of the n^o^le. (vs 10)

(b) Poster4ty of the King. (vs 11)

(c) Authority of the seed. (vs 12-13)

(d) Mercy of the Lord. (vs lh-15)

(e) Pernetuity of the Kingdom. (vs 16)

b. Matthew’s Geneology of Christ is unusual for h reasons:

(1) Four women are mentioned. Rachob is Rahab, Ruth,

Bathsheba, and Tamar.

(2) Two of these are gentiles. (Rahab and Ruth).

Also, three of these four women have questionable morals. (Tamar got
uregnant by her father-in-law in Genesis 38:22, Rahab was a harlot in

21

/
Josh. 6:23; and Bathsheba committed adultery with David.

(3) This is not a complete list.

(a) Notice, for examnle, in verse 8, three

names are missing between Joram and Ozias.

(b) Matthew gives three grouns of lh names

each in historical periods of time; from Abram to David, from David
to captivity, from captivity to Christ. These are not all the father-
son combinations, but only some of the noteworthy names within Christ’s
geneology.

(c) The word "begat” in Hebrew does not mean

immediate parentage, but only a direct descendant.

(h) ^Protection given to the "Virgin Birth”

(a) "Begat" is used up to verse 16 but when it

talks of Christ, verse 16 narrows down to "Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who
is called Christ."

(b) "Of whom” in the Greek is ’’feminine gender”,

pointing once more to the Virgin Mary as the important parent.

2. Luke ’s Geneology. (Luke 3:23-38)

a. The parent of the Geneology: Definitely MARY.

(1) Because of the parenthesis in verse 23 where

the note says that Jesus was (as was sunnosed) the son of Joseph.
This sets Joseph aside as not the important parent.

(2) Because of the absence of the article. Note

that the word ’’the” before the word "son" is in italics everywhere
excent in the case of Jesus in verse 23*

(3) Because of an added parent, (the son of Heli,

verse 23). The word "son” can have a three-fold meaning:

(a) Immediate descent, a son.

(b) Direct descent, as a grandson of farther.

(c) Legal connection, as a son-in-law.

(h) Because of context.

(a) The first two chanters of Luke contain

22
preeminence to Mary, so why not the third chanter.
(b) The things related to Mary are very
private and Luke could only have gotten them from Mary herself.
(c) The first two chanters contain the strongest
Hebrew style in the New Testament while the rest of the book is
Hellenistec. So this strongly infers this is ’’Mary’s Geneology. IV
b. The point of Luke’s Geneology:

(1) Luke’s account goes backwards from Christ

to Adam whereas Matthew’s account went forward from Abraham to Christ.
The order is reversed.
(2) Luke’s geneology is directed to both Jews and
Greeks.
II. BERTH AND INFANCY:
A. TIES ANNUNCIATION OF JIHN TIEE BAPTIST: (Luke 1:5-25)
1. The BARENTS:
a. ZAOHARTAS means ’’Jehovah Remembers.” Zacharias was
a priest who breaks the silence of God. Significantly, God is showing
here that he still remembers His neonle.
b. ELIZABETH means ”God is my path.” She was both
a priest’s wife and a priest’s daughter.

c. In Greek names, an ”iah” and ”el” means ”God."

Both of John’s parents have ”God” in their names-
d. They had no child (verse?). Orientals, Jews in
Particular, felt they were being punished if they had no children,
especially male, All Jews hoped the Messiah would be bom into
their family.
2. The PROMISE:
a. The ministry of Zacharias was to burn incense before
the Lord in the Temole while the neonle nrayed outside.
b. The messenger 4 s seen 5 n Luke 1
(1) Gabr4el appears on the right side of the Altar
of Incense while Zacharias was nerfornfng his nriestly duties.
(2) Gabriel means ’’Man of God”

23
 (3) Four appearances of Gabriel to man:

(a) Daniel 8:16 To Daniel

(b) Daniel 9:21 To Dan •l ei
(c) Luke 1:11 To Zacharias
(d) Luke 1:26 To Mary

The Message tn verse 1.3 "Fear not.”

c.___________ Thy prayer
and thy wife’s nrayer has been heard.

(1) Four kinds of nrayer tn the New Testament:

(I Timothy 2::1)
(a) Drayers
(b) Petitions
(c) Supplications’
(d) Thanksgiving
(2) Gabriel's message was that old Zacharias and
Elizabeth were both going to have a son who was to be called JOHN
•meaning "God is gracious."' John was to prepare the way for the
Messiah and would have Holy Spirit power.

d. The Memorial is in Luke 1:18-25.

(1) Zacharias asks for a sign and Gabriel answered

”1 am Gabriel,” in other words, "what more do you need besides an
angel’s presence?"

Michael is another angel identified in the Bible

by name. Michael means ’’who‘is like God.” He is the only arch-angel
(above angel) mentioned in the Bible. Satan was a-* cherub which is
one step above an'arch-angel. This explains why Michael did not
rebuke Satan, but said "The Lord rebuke thee." Angel means "messenger.”

(3) Zacharias became dumb as he left the temple

(verse 22). As soon as his tour of duty as a priest was over, he
went home and his wife conceived and was vindicated, Peonle would
no longer wonder if there was a curse on her life.

B. THE ANNUNCIATION OF CHRIST: (Luke 1:26-38)

1. The MINISTER: Gabriel appeared to Mary when Elizabeth

was in her si xth month of pregnancy.

a. Mary was espoused to Joseph (engaged), The Biblical

one-year betrothal neriod was not the same as modern-day engagement,
but was as binding as marriage. It was a neriod when the bride went
to see friends and had a good time before settling down to the routine

2h
of married life and child-bearing, Any unfaithfulness during this
time was punishable by stoning.

b. The AVE MARIA is found in Luke 1:28. Mary sees the

angel in Luke 1:29 and although distressed or disturbed, she is not
afraid as Zacharias was.

2. The MESSAGE of the angel to Mary is in Luke 1:30-33. Five

signs she had found favor w^th Cod:
a. She was to have a SIN: very important to orientals.

b. She got a snec^al s'gn: His name was to be called

"Jesus" which means "Jehovah Saves." Both Mary and Joseoh were com-
manded to call Him Jesus.

c • His SUPERIORITY is seen in Luke 1:32. John was

great because of what he was to do. Jesus was great because of who
He is.

d. His DIVINE AUTHORITY is seen in Luke 1:32.

e. His ETERNAL SOVEREIGNTY is declared in Luke 1:33.

3. The METHOD of His birth was to be the Virgin Birth.

a. The Holy Spirit would come unon her and the newer
of the Highest would overshadow her. The "Holy thing" refers to the
sinless Son of God who would to thus born without the AdamJc inheritance.

b. "Cousin" Elizabeth only means "relative” and not

necessarily cousin. (Luke 1:31).

c. "Handmaiden" in verse 38 means female slave, comes

from the Greek wort! "douelas" and although °aul used the term "douelas"
to refer to himself as a slave of Christ it is only used of Mary in
the New Testament.

h. The MAIDENi was to be Mary. Marz was a very ^o^ular name,

from "Miriam."

a. In John 19:25, there are three Marys at the Cross.

b. However, in Mark 15:hO, two Marys are seen afar off

and it is noted that a different Mary is mentioned here..

c. Mary, the mother of Uesus, was the sister of Salome,

the wife of Zehedee and mother of John. Mary.went to live with her
sister Salome and Salome's son John after Jesus' death.

25
 de Mary, the widow of Cleophas was probably the wife
of Joseph’s brother Cleonhus. This Mary was the sister-in-lav; of
the Virgin.-

e. Three reasons why Bible-tellevers reject the"PER­

PETUAL VIRGINITY OF JURY” which is taught by Catholics^

(1) Because Scripture teaches otherwise: In

Matthew l:2h-2‘5, Joseph knew her not t^‘ 11 she had brought forth her
firstborn son.

(2) Jesus was her ”first-born son,” according to

Matthew 1:25, indicating she and Joseph had other children later.

(3) Virg?nTty would be a higher form of life than

marriage.

f. Legend says Mary lived with John for about 11 years

after Christ’s death and died at about 59 years of age. Her tomb is
just north of the Garden of Gethsemane. Her narents were sa^d to be
Jehoikem of Nazareth and Anna of Bethlehem.

5. JOSEPH informed:

a. Josenh found out Mary was expecting before the angel

apoeared to him. He either saw her condition or was told.

b. Mary did not apparently explain to him. He would

not have believed it anyway.

c. Josenh was a righteous man (right acting in the

law). He had three choices as to what to do vzith his pregnant es­
poused:

(1) PUBLIC EXECUTION by stoning after a nubile

trial as described in Deuteronomy 2lt rl.

(2) FILL GF DIVORCEMENT could be arranged before

the city Judges without a nubile trial.

(3) MARRY HER A'JYWAY.

d. While he thought on these things, wanting to do

the r’ght th?ng, an angel anoeared in Matthew 1:20 and said, ”0o not
fear to take unto thee Mary the wife." The angel indicated that Mary
was already considered his w’fe. He is told of the Messiah and he
obeyed the angel and took Mary as h‘s w;fe but did not consummate
the marriage until after the Son of God was born.

26
 e. Nobody knows when Joseph died or where he is buried.
Joseph was dead by the time Jesus began His earthly ministry.

C. THE TIME 0* HTS ETRTH:

1. Details of Chronology:

a. AUC - In New Testament Chronology, these letters

represent words 'which have to do with the building and establishment
of ROME.

b. 753 AUC - Is the ’’Year of Rome” corresponding to

"Year 1” in the Christian era. In other words, 753 AUG and 1 AD are
synonymous.

c. To get any year, add or subtract 753 AUC. For EC,

subtract Ushers date from 753 AUC. For AD, add Ushers date to 753 AUC
to bring it in line w4 th the Roman AUC date.4

EXAMPLE: Christ was crucified in AD 30 according

to the Christian Calendar, not Ushers dating. This was in 783 AUC.
(753 r 30 - 78J AUG)

2. Date of Christ’s Birth:

a. The date of Christ’s birth is generally discussed

in relation to the death of HEIOD THS GREAT., (h BC,7h9 AUC)

b. Actually, the birth of Christ was before that date;

most scholars accent the date 5 BC or 7h8 AUC.

c. History cannot prove Christ was born on December

2 $th. Most likely he was born in the soring*

D. THE WDRSHI^ERS AT IRS HRTH:

1. SHEPHERDS: (Luke 2:8-20) Received message from on High.

a. Angel’s declaration (Luke 2:3-1h)

(1) Courier: An angel from the Lord, not the

°reincarnate Christ referred to in the Old Testament as the Angel of
the Lord.

(2) The Command:

(a) Do not fear.
(b) Behold. Take time to see for yourselves.

27
 (3) ThS 'Character of the Message: It was the
good tidings of great joy that Israel needed after the h centuries
of silence from God.

(b.) The Content of the Message: "For unto you is

torn this day in the City of David a Saviour which is Christ the Lord."
(Luke 2:11)

(a) This verse gives Jesus a three-fold title:

1 SAVIOUR - shows His work.

2 CHRIST THE LORD - shows His title.

1 CITY 0^ DAVID - shows His birthplace.

b. The Shonherds1 Dj scovew: (Luke 2:1$).

(1) They came w:th haste. (Luke 2:15)

(2) They found exactly what the angels said "a
babe wranned in swaddling clothes lying in a manger."

(3) They made known abroad the things which were

told them.

(II) Mary keot these things and pondered them in

her heart through her lifetime, Thus she was able to tell Luke the
intricate details.

($) The shenherds returned, glorifying and praising

God.

2. SIMEON AND ANNA:

Introduction:

(1) They saw Christ after His Rite of Circumcision

on the eighth day. (Luke 2:21)

(a) One Rite for Mother, (see (2) below)

(b) Another Rite for Male Child. (see (3)

be^ow)

(2) Rite of Purification for mother:

(a) )il days after male child was tom.

28
 (b) 82 days after female child was bom.
(c) Lamb was sacrificed. (2 turtledoves
if poor). This sacrifice was on behalf of both parents.

(3) The Rite of Redemption of the first-born

son: The first-born son was to be consecrated to the priesthood.
(Exodus 13:2)After the Levites were set apart in Numbers 8, the
first-born son was redeemed from this obligation by payment of 5
shekels.
(h) The visit to the temple 'in Jerusalem was to
take care of these tv;o matters:

(a) The Son - Rite of Redemption.

(b) The Mother - Rite of Purification.
b. Simeon: (Luke 2:25-35)
(1) The person of Simeon: (verse 2 5)

(a) A venerable figure well known in the

c-i ty and in the temnle.

(b) Not a nriest, even though he worked in

the temple. It was a custom to use Godly men in the temnle even
though not Levites.

(c) Just and devout, The word ’’devout” im-

plying watchfulness in regard to evil.

(d) Holy Snirit was upon him.

(2) The Promise to Simeon: (Luke 2:26)

(a) He would not die until he had s-"en the

Lord’s annointed.

(b) Holy Spirit led him to the temple.

(3) The praise of Simeon: (Luke 2:28)

(a) His years of patient waiting was rewarded.

(b) Deonle all around were utterly unaware

of the presence of the Messiah, but he had spiritual insight from the
Scrintures.

29
 (c) We have one who was not look4.ng for a
Messiah to rule in a temporal reign, but rather a Messiah to come
to suffer on the cross. Israel was looking for the former.
Oi) The nronhecy of Simeon to Mary: (Luke 2:3,!-35)

(a) Her son would come in great glory to

deliver the oppressed Jews. There is more Old Testament Scripture
dealing with the Second Coming than the Birth of Christ.
(b) Simeon had an entirely different concent
expressed in his prophecy from that of other Jews.
(c) He sensed the snecial relationship between
this child and mother. He snoke the pronhecy to her instead of Joseph.
(d) Two-fold reaction to the Lord by oeonle:
1 Men will fall away from Him, or
2 Men will find refuge in Him. (Isa 3:1b.)
(e) Christ care specifically to Israel, not
to the world. (Luke 2:3>, Matthew 10:6, and Matthew l$:2b)
(f) A sign which shall be spoken against -
excites oo^osition when it annears.
(g) Mary is given a preview of her own grief
as she sees Christ become an object of hatred. (Luke 2:3!>)
0 Anna: (Luke 2:36*38)
(1) Her background: (Luke 2:37)
(a) She was a 106 year old prophetess who
had teen married for seven years but widowed for 8h years, She was
the daughter of fhanuel of Asher.
(b) She lived right in the temnle.

(2) Her belief : (Luke 2:38) She believed the

Messiah was coming to redeem and she constantly sooke of the Lord to
everyone. She, like Simeon, had no official capacity in the Temnle.

3. WISE MEN: (Matthew 2:1-12)

a. Troublesome problems in the visit of the Wise Men:
(1) Who are they?

30
 (a) Some say they were a low class of super­
stitious magician
(b) Some say they were a high class of magician•

(c) According to Heroditus, they were a tribe of

people originating in the Medes to the east Cyrus the Great supposedly
gave them authority to exist as wise men in his Persian Kingdom 0
(d) They are generally called "magi” which later
came to mean "one who practices curious or magic arts."
(e) The reference in Matthew is a reference to
the higher tyre of magi because the lower type used trickery and were
poor? Matthew said they brought expensive gifts and had an audience with
the king. Low class magi could never accomplish that feat.
(f) They came from the east*

(g) Nothing indicates they were kings*

(h) Some say they were representatives of Shem,

Ham, .and Japheth.

(i) They were not necessarily three in number,

There was most likely a great number because Herod and all Jerusalem was
troubled at their arrivalo Three would not have caused alarm, Most likely
a great caravan.

(2) What was the star:

(a) Some say a METEOR. Meteors are bright but
could not remain on the scene for a period of time and lead the wisemen
to Christ and then stop and remain directly over Him.

(b) Some say a 01NJUNCTION 0F PLANETS: The great

Astronomer Keppler in 1600 presented the idea that Jupiter and Saturn cane
together- in 7h7 AUC and in 7h8 AUC were joined by Mars.
(c) Others say a NOVA, A Nova is a star that
suddenly increases its output of light.
(d) It was obviously what the.wisemen say "His
star," a special supernatural phenomenon created for the purpose of leading
the wisemen to Christ.

(3) When did they come?

(a) Two major views:

31
 lo Immediately aftet* His birth, within LiO
days.

a. Early tradit’on says on the 13th day,

or, on January 6th at the Feast of Epinhany.

b. Words of Matt 2:1 does not mean

’’immediately.”

c. After Jesus was presented in the

temple in Jerusalem on the eighth day of His life, they went back to
Nazareth, but not necessarily, right away. (Lk 2:22 and 39)

2. Just sometime after Hi s birth, within

a two-year Period.

a. Chief reason for this view is

Matt 2:16 where Herod had all the male children up to age two slaughtered.
He had asked the wisemen when the star had appeared in Lk 2:7 and then
gave the order. Holders of this view* assume the wise men told Herod they
saw the star two years before.

b. Another argument for this view is

the fact that Christ is in a house when the wisemen found Him in Matt 2:11
but the shepherds had seen Him in a manger in Lk 2:16. Thev think this
Mary and Joseph had had time to take Christ back to their house. It
probably does not mean they were at a relative’s house in Jerusalem for if
they had relatives there, Jesus would not have been bom in a stable.

c. Another argument for this view is

Matt 2:8 where Herod told the wisemen to go search for the young child.
The Greek word for child is different than for new-born baby, Matthew
used the word for child which seems to support the argument.

d. Another argument is that at the

tenrole rite of Redemption in Lk 2:211, Mary and Joseph offered the cheapest
sacrifice acceptable under the law. If the wisemen had already given them
the expensive gifts, would they not have bought the most expensive animal
(bullock) for the occasion?

£• Repudiating these views: It should

he considered that Herod thought the child Vas ~bo m when the star appeared.
This was not necessarily so, because it was intended only to guide the wise­
men to Christ. After Herod finally realized the wisemen were not coming
back, a couple of years may have passed before he realized the threat to
his throne and ordered the babies slain.

As to the term ” young child” in Matt 2:11, this term was also used for a
new-born baby in John 16:21 so that is no proof either way.

The Scriptures do not indicate the time of the visit, just the fact of it.

32
 (I:) Miscellaneous Statements on the Visits
(a) The wisemen said ”His Star.”
(b) This star reared its movements to theirs.

(c) A li ttle view of historical background sheds

more light on Matt 2:3.

1. Herod’s throne was very shaky at this

time. He had already had his wife and two favorite sons murdered because
he thought they were plotting against him.

2. This caused him to be greatly troubled

at the wisemen’s visit to a ’’new king oit

(d) The wisemen worshipped Christ, not Mary.

(Matt 2:11)

(e) The typology of the gifts is not as important

as the fact that they were top quality, the best obtainable anywhere.

b. Theological points in the visit of the Wisemen:

(1) Religious condition of Israel:
(a) The shepherds had had plenty of time to tell
about the new-born King (and they did?), yet no one seemed to know anything
about Him when the magi came.

(b) The Jews were frankly just not interested *n

the Messiah.

(c) They were in a terrible religious state as

proven by John 1:11.

(d) Yet, orophecies were being answered in their

midst.

(2) Religious condition of Herod:

(a) He was the ’’incarnation of brute lust.”

Co) Most infamous for slaughter of the innocents.

(c) According to Josephus’ book ’’Antiquities and
Jewish Wars,” he was completely void of morality and feeling.

(d) He tried to destroy the Messiah.

33
 (3 ) Religi ous coal ition of the WLsemen:

(a) Gentiles who were interested in the Lord.

(b) The types of gifts proved they recognized

Christ as King.

III - HIS FLIGHT TO EGYPT: (Matt 2:13-23)

A. PROBLEMS INVOLVED:

1. There are three Old Testament quotes in this passage and each
is prefaced witlFtEe “Term ""that it might be fulfilled."

2. These are found in:

a Matt 2:15 - a quote from Hosea 11:1 dealing with the

deliverance of Israel from Egyptian bondage.

b. Matt 2:18 - a quote from Jer 31«15*

c. Matt 2:23 - We do not know what Old Testament Scripture

this is from o The following ideas have been out forward at different times:
(1) Some say He shall be called a ’’Nazaribe" but the
word is "Nazarene.” Christ did not live up to the Nazarlte vow ho as tain
from wine, wear long hair, and not touch the dead He drank wine.

(2) This verse may be an allusion (reference) to Isaiah

11:1 where Nazareth is called ’’City of branches” and hr1st is called a
’’branch.”

(3) This may be an “oral tradition” which was pronhesied

but is not in the Scriptures.

(h) The answer may lie in the word ’’prophets” as something

the prophets taught orally.

B, THE PROBLEM RESOLVED:

These passages have double 1. '______ . . When this happens,

references ___________________
the
passage has both a local and a future application.. Most familiar is Isa 7:10.
2. Jewish Interpretation: Matthew takes the Jewish interpretation
that Christ would be a Nazareno and includes this. The prophets agree.

3» ^b^ist is the general anti-tyne of all the events in the typical

disuensation. MT’ Types found in the ’££ cleT’po 1 nt in one way or another to
Christ.

3}f
 IV - HIS CHILDHOOD: (Lk 2 :)iO-SO)

A. EARLY LIFE OF CHRIST: (Lk 2:hO) Very little given in the Bible.

1. Luke regards the development and humanity of Christ as a

reality.

2. He "grew" means He increased in wisdom and stature. (Lk 2:52)

3. He "waxed strong" refers to his own spiritual development.
________
He always knew He was God but still had to learn as we do. However, He
learned error as error and truth as truth. (Lk 2:ljO)

h. He had a normal growth from a ohysical standpoint as we do.

' (Lk 2:h0)
5. The grace of God was upon. Him. (Lk 2:h0) This grace is
different from the grace extended to undeserving sinnerso Sinners get
grace which means "unmerited favor." Jesus had grace which He deserved
because He always was in the will of God.

B. AN EPISODE IN THE LIFE OF CHRIST: (Lk 2:hl-52)

lo The Separation: (Lk 2:hl-!i5)

a. According to Jewish Law, attendance at the three most

important feasts was required only when a young man had reached the age
of 13 years. They then became known as "Sons of the Commandment" or
"Sons of the Torah." Sometimes 11 and 12-year-olds were allowed to attend
if mature enough (similar to Bar Mitzvah). These feasts were:

(1) Feast of passover (same as Unleavened Bread)

(2) Feast of Pentecost

(3) Feast of Tabernacles (or Booths)

b. Christ was taken to Jerusalem at age 12 under these

circumstances 0 (Lk 2:112)

c. Women were not obligated to attend these ceremonies but

Mary was there anyway.

d. They had started home in Lk 2:h3» The Feast itself

lasted 7 days but you could leave after second day. They probably left
after the second day to return home by caravan.

e. Mary and Joseph no doubt felt He was capable of taking

care of Himself so He was not missed until they had been traveling a day.
(Lk 2:lih-h5)

35
 2 The Reunion:
a. The "three
this manner. They snent one
not with the caravan, turned
Jerusalem, and found Him the
(Lk 2:h6-50)
days” in verse h6 is generally counted in
day heading back home, discovered Jesus was
around and spent the second day returning to
next (third) day.

b. They found Him in the temple discussing deep religion

with the Doctors of the Law. (Lk 2J46) It was not an unusual thing for
Christ to be listening in the Temple.
(1) Jewish history tells of some toys who were "masters
of the Law” at age 12.

(2) The doctors were amazed by liis insight and facility

in answering their questions. They could not stump Him but He continually
stumped them.
Qt.nmnpH thorn. 1

(3) His mind was as sharp at age 12 as when He started

His nublic ministrye

(li) He had made good use of His childhood years by

study and memorization.
c. The amazement of His parents may indicate that He was
normally a reserved child. (Lk 2:h8) He was showing an ability here He
had apparently not shown at home.

d. Mary’s question has a tinge of rebuke in Lk 2:h8. She

is disciplining the son against Jewish custom. This helps prove Jesus was
her son, not Joseph’s.

e. Christ’s answer has a tinge of surprise but is not sassy.

(Lk 2:!i9) It seems Mary should have known He had to be about His Father’s
business.

f. Though Mary and Joseph were together, Jesus ignores Joseph

and says "my Father’s business.” This is a term only these three could
understand; the hearers could not. (Lk 2:h9)

3. The Residence in Nazareth: (Lk 2:51-52)

a. No further scriptural reference is made to Joseph.
b. See 11 Joseph” in Hastings Bible Dictionary, Vol II, pg 775*

V - HIS BAPTISM: (Matt 3:13-17; Mark 1:9-11, and Lk 3: 21-22)

A. THE MEN INVOLVED:

36
 1. John the Bant1st:
a. His father and mother were both of priestly lineage so
he was qualified to be a priest.

b. This argument is used to say that Jesus’ baptism was

His inauguration as a priest but no Scripture indicates John was ever
consecrated to the priesthood. The evidence points otherwise. He was
a Nazarite and lived a life of seclusion (poor way for a priest to live,
away from people•)
c. We have no proof of what John did until the time he is
found preaching repentence. (Matt 3:1)
2. Jesus:
a. His baptism by John the Baptist was different from that
of all others being baptized. Others were baptized after repenting of sin
(Mk l:h) However, Chr4.st had no sin.
b. There is an emphasis upon Christ’s sinlessnesso (Matt 3:1)1)
(1) Rule for the use of ”sin” and ’’sins’* in the Bible:

(a) Sin - in singular form, has to do with sinful

nature* ’’Behold the Lamb of Sod* which taketh away the sin of the world.”

(b) Sins - in plural form, has to do with personal

acts of sin caused by our sinful nature.
(2) Romans 6 contains an excellent discourse on this*

(3) Christ died for the sin (sinful nature) of the

world, laying the ax to the root of the sin problem, its source.
(h) We have victory over personal sins by not living
in the realm of our sin nature (not allowing it to operate in our lives).

B. JOHN’S BAPTISM (the Meaning invo1ved):

1. It was a baptism of repentance.

2. It had a mode (immersion)*

a* ’’BAPTIZO” has two meanings:

(1)- Primary meaning ’’immerse” - the word immerse means

literally to put in water and leave in. It’s meaning in Bantizo refers to
being sealed in Christ once and forever.

37
 (2) Secondary meaning "dip" - the word dip means
literally to nut in and bring out again. Its meaning in Bantirefers
to ritual baptism; the picture of the death, burial, and resurrection of
Christ.

b. The right word to use while baptising is "baptize"

which shows both meanings.

3. Similarities between John’s, Christ’s, and the believer’s

baptisms:

a. Purpose “

(1) John’s baptism of others - for repentance of sin.

(2) John's baptism of Christ • See para 9 below.

(3) believer’s baptism - for repentance.

b. Mode

(1) John's - dipping

(2) Christ's - dinning

(.3) Believer’s - dipping

c• Formula (what was said)

(1) John's - unknown

(2) Christ's - "Fulfilling all righteousness"

(3) Believer's - "In the name of the Father, Son and

Holy Spirit."

d. What Gospel or good news is preached by it?

(1) John’s - the Kingdom is at hand.

(2) Christ’s - He was His own good news.

(3) Believer's - Death, burial and resurrection of Christ.

e. Meaning of the baptism:

(1) John’s - unknown, but it did not picture the death,

burial and resurrection of Christ.

(2) Christ's - to fulfill righteousness toward the Father.

38
 (3) Believer’s - pictures the death, burial and
resurrection of Christ.

Re-baptism:
(1) John’s - John’s converts were later rebaptized
in the proper formula (Father, Son, Holy Spirit) after they learned of
Christ and trusted Him.
(2) Christ’s - Christ was never rebaptized.

(3) Believer’s - one Scriptural baptism is all.

C. THS MEANING INVOLVED: Some say:

1. Chri st came con fess inn; His sin • This is absurd.
2. Jesus was bantized as consecration to the office of Messiah.

3. He was baptized for the benefit of the human race. L

a. If that were true, we would not need to be baptized.

b. Justin Martyr was the most popular proponent of this
view.

b. _____________
Its chief object was to symbolize at the beginning of His
ministry the crowning acts of his works?

5. It symbolized dedication to His work

work.. (However, no symbolism
was needed beeause everything He did was dedicated.)
6. It was oroner for all devout Jews to be baptized.
?• It indicates Christ’s entrance into the priesthood.
a. Three events in Christ’s life involved a voice from Heaven:

(1) Bantism

(2) Transfiguration

(3) The future seating of Christ on David’s throne.

(nsa 2:6-7)
b. There is no nroof John was a priest, even though of
priestly parents. If so, he would be after the Aaronic order; Jesus is
aftbr the Order of Melchizadek. These orders are similar but not identical.

c. John could not inaugurate anyone •’’.nto the Order of Mele hi z-

adek.

39
 8. Signifies a new association or new •identification with John’s
group.
a. They say Jesus was showing He agreed with everything
John taught, but Jesus did not need the repentance message.
b. Actually, the group was identifying themselves with Him,

9. Conclusion and actual meaning of Christ’s baptism:

a. His inauguration into the Melchizadekian priesthood.
This makes Him a priest forever since the Melchizadekian priesthood had
no beginning and no ending, (The Aaronic priesthood had both a beginning
and an ending).
bo His anointing by the Holy Spirit for His earthly ministry.
(Lk h518-21)
(1) He takes His new title "Christ" meaning Messias,
Anointed,
(2) The Old Testament meaning of "anointing" was
"enabling for service."
c. To reveal to John the Bantist who Christ was. (Jn 1:19-33)
d. To fulfill all righteousness toward the Father.

D. THE MDDE INVOLVED:

1, Meaning of Greek words:

a. Fantizo - sometimes used for the act of washing something

(like washing hands) but ~only when referring to something which was washed
by dipping.

2* Meaning of the Greek prepositions: The prepositions "out of the

water" might show the modeZ (Matt 3:13-J

3• There is a blurring distinction between the Aaronic and the

Me1chiiaHekian priesthood:
a. In the Old Testament, only oil and blond were sprinkled
at priesthood inaugurations. (Ex 29:21; Lev 8:30) ■
b. Water was only used for washing, a type of cleansing.
Lev 8:6 and Heb 10:22)

li• Dipping was the common practice for baptizing repenting Jews
in John’s day.

ho
 5. Why was not the word for ’’sprinkle” used if sprinkling was
the mode? Such distinctive words did exist.

6. The Scriptures say He went into the water.

E. PROOFS HIS BANISH WAS BY IMMERSION OR DIPPING:

1. Meaning of the word. ’’baptize” •

2. The Greek word for sprinkling or pouring is never used.

3. The prepositions used indicate going into and coming out of
the water.

h. ___ practice of the Jews at this time•

It, was the Eidersheim’s
”Life and Times "o’f J e s us^explains baptism of repenting Jews by Jo tin and
the baptism of gentiles coming into the Judaism faith.

F. ARGUMENTS ’’SPRINKLERS” USE FOR MODE OF BAPTISM:

Although the words ’’into the ___________

1. water” and ’’out ___________
of the water”
are used, it does not mean He was dipped. (Baptize destroys this idea)

2. They say sprinkling is consistent with the Old Testament

practices.

a. They say sprinkling in the New Testament replaces circum­

cision of the Old Testament for bringing a person into a covenant relation­
ship with God•

b. This argument is destroyed by the fact that only males

were circumcised, not females.

3. They say dipping is not necessary because it fulfills no tyre.

a. They say that since the Lord’s Table is a picture of

Christ’s death, burial and resurrection, it is not necessary for baptism to
picture this.

b. Therefore they say that baptism is emblematic of the Holy

Spirit coming upon the individual because of the Holy Spirit descending upon
Christ and Jesus’ discourse with the woman at the well about the subject of
various types of water.

VI - HIS TEMPTATION: (Matt bsl-11, Mk 1:12-13, and Lk li:l-13)

A. PRELIMINARY REMARKS:

hl
 1. Preceding events to Temptation:

a. Mark indicates the Temptation occurred immediately after

the baptism. (Mk 1:12)

b. Luke has almost a chapter of material between these events.

2. The Place:
a. A mountain which arises about 1^00* high above the Jordan
Valley; about 6 or 8 miles from his baptism; west of Jordan and Jericho.

b. It was a wilderness. Mark says it was inhabited only by

wild beasts.
3. The Period
Period:: He was tempted at the end of a UO-day period of
fasting, while weak with hunger.

B. PERSONALITIES INVOLVED:
1. Holy Spirit; The Holy Spirit is present at the beginning of
each of the three accounts.

2. Satan - Satan is referred to by three titles:

a. The Devil - means "slanderer or accusor" (Matt h:l)
This title implies his accusing character and trickery.

b. Temptor - shows the object of his work.

(1) When God tests or tries us, He wants us to pass and

be stronger, victorious.

(2) When the devil tests or tempts us, he wants us to

fail and be weaker.

c. Satan - means "resister." Christ did not call him by

this name until after the third temptation when Satan wanted to be worshipped
as God. (Matt h:10)

3. The Saviour -
a. Matthew says He was "led" because Matthew was picturing
Christ as a King. (Matt h:l).

b. Luke says He was "led" because Luke was picturing Christ

as the perfect man. (Luke h:l)

c. Mark, however, says He was "driven" because Mark was

h2
picturing Christ as a servant. Servants must be driven to obey. (Mk 1:12)

C. THE PATTERN OF THE TEMPTATION:

1. The appeal to the flesh:

a. The particulars involved:
(1) It was an attack aimed at the Son of God designed to
make him unfit to die on the cross by sinning.
(2) Christ did not change the stones to bread because He
was depending on the Father for His physical needs.

b. Particular instructions to us:

(1) Satan attacks us in our weakest moments.

(2) We do not get to nick the times of our temptations.

(3) Satan conies at our most inopportune moment.

2. The appeal to the pride of life:
a. The pinnacle of the Temple (Lk U:9) was 700’ high, the
equivalent of hO stories. Satan wanted Jesus to defy the laws of gravity,
to win the people to Himself by sensationalism.
b. This was an attack aimed at the Son of David, the King-
ship of Christ as heir to the throne of David.

3. The apneal to the eye;

‘a. According to Matt h:9, the devil’s third temptation was

for Jesus to bow down and worship the devil. Luke shows this to be the
second temptation but Matthew’s account is in chronological order and is
correct.

b. The devil took Jesus to a high mountain and showed Him

all the kingdoms of the world, offering them to Jesus if He would worship
the devil.
c. The verb? used in the passage "If Thou wilt fall down and
worship me” is the verb used for describing something that will almost
certainly never happen. This proves Satan knew he had no chance of success
but would try the long shot anyway.
D. THE PRINCIPLE OF THE TEMPTATION:

h3
 1. The point of the Temptation:
a. The test is to prove Jesus was the Holy One who alone
could do the work of putting away sin.
b. It proved His impeccability (inability to sin.) The
temptation was really attempted but Christ could not sin.
2. The proof of the Temptation: It proved that Christ is as
the Scriptures declare - unchangeable.
3. The preventatives used:
a. Knowledge of the Word of God.
b. Proper use of the Word of God. The Word of God can be
used as a sword to open hearts or as a hammer to beat people on the head.

uu
 PART II

PACKGROUND
SECTION I - BACKGROUND

I - GEOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND:

A. SYNTHETIC VIEW OF THE LAND:

1. Christ spent His lifetime within an area of 10,000 square

miles.
2. There is a great variation of terrain and weather within this
country which is anproximately 200 miles long and b!> miles wide.

3. From Mount Hermon to the Dead Sea, there is a drop of 30001

altitude which causes the Jordan River to flow swiftly.

b. The Jordan River divides the land.

5. Four general sections of the land:

a. Meritime Plain, including the Plain of Sharon, along the
west coast by the Mediteranean Sea.

b. Mountainous backbone next to the Meritine Plain to the

east.

c. Plains of Jordan east of the mountainous backbone along

the Jordan River.

d. East of Jordan River is a vast desert tundra.

B. ANALYTICAL VIEW OF THE LAND;
1 The provinces during Herod the Greatfg time (37BC-bBC):
a. Judea - the largest and southernmost province. It is
bounded on the:

(1) East - Dead Sea.

(2) West - Mediteranean Sea.

(3) North - Province of Samaria.

(h) South - Endunia.
b. Samaria - the center province north of Judean Province.
It is very beautifuT’an’d”"fertile, including the Plain of Sharon. It was
inhabited mostly by gentiles with some half-Jew Samaritans living in the
mountainous regions. It is bounded on the:
 (1) East - Jordan River.

(2) West - Mediteranean Sea.

(3) North - Galileean Province.

(U) South - Judean Province.

c. Galilee - the northernmost nrovince above Samaria. The

people are mostly JewisH. Most of Christ’s ministry took place here. It
is bounded by:
(1) East - Jordan River.

(2) West - Mediteranean Sea.

(3) North - Mount Hermon.

(U) South - Samarian Province.

d. Perea - East of the Jordan River, The inhabitants were
mostly Jews but some gentile villages were in it. It is bounded by:

(1) East - Syrian Desert.

(2) West - Jordan River.

(3) North - Tetriarchy of Philip.

(b) South - Mount Arabim.

e. Decapolis - This is not a literal province with boundaries
but ten confederated Greek cities scattered through other provinces They
were heathen in character and protected by the Roman government.

2. Provinces during the Tetriarchy (hBCAlAP):

a. Tetriarchy means a government of four. This is a term

referring to the division of the kingdom after the death of Herod the Great
in hBC.
b. Judea and Samaria were combined under Archalaeus.
c. Galilee and Perea were combined under Antipas who is
called Herod the Great in the New Testament.
d. Decapolis was put under Philip.

e. Tetriarchy of Lysanias. He ruled a small area called Abilene.

h6
 'A

f. In 6 A.D., Archilaeus was deposed and Judea and Samaria

were annexed directly to the Roman Emoire and ruled over by a series of
procurators. Pontus Pilate was the 6th one of these.

II - PEDAGOGIC:

A. THE MANNER OF HIS TEACHING:

1. An occasional thing.

a* His greatest teachings were based on an occasion and He

aimed his teaching at the occasion.

b. His greatest teaching was to individuals•

c. He taught wherever the opportunity presented itself; in

synagogues, in villages, desert, wilderness, on boats, in homes, at grave­
sides, at the seaside, etc.

Unsystematic for the most part. He changed subjects frequently,

from one subject to a seemingly unrelated subject.

3. Highly Illustrative. He used common everyday illustrations

constantly.
)j.
A ut ho ri tat i ve . It was in contrast with teachings of the
Scribes who had no authority. (Mk 1:22)

5. r \ Himself
Christ ‘ center of His teaching.
~ \ was the The Sermon on
the Mount is the best example of this.

6. Winsome. Very winning, interesting and gracious. (Lk h:22)

B. METHOD OF HIS TEACHING:

1. IMAGERY -

a. He used images from nature and surroundings.

b. He used living things they understood.

!
c. He talked about human life. I
2. PARABLES:

a. Chief method of Christ’s teaching.

I

b. Generally.speaking, there are about 70 parables, strictly

sneaking, there are fifty.

14?

I
 c. Most were spoken during His Galileean ministry.

d. Most were used during opposition so the disciples could

understand his teaching but His opponents could not understand His mean­
ing and get further riled. (Matt 13:10-11)

e. The general themes of parables was the coming of the

Lord and judgment.

3. Miracles:

a. A miracle is a parable in action.

b. 35 miracles.

h. Discourses:

a. There were )i$ discourses, some are extensive, some are

compounded.

b. Examples are the Sermon on the Mount, upper room, Olivet,

His messiahship, divorce, His coming death, burial and resurrection, love,
prayer, new birth, etc.

5 • Epigrams: a short
iux-0, terse, pungent statement such as those in
the Beatitudes. (Matt 5 or '10:19)

6. Argument:

a. He argued only occasionally and always with Scripture.

b. 1His logic was always irresistible. ’’Never a man spake

as this Man.” (Matt 22:23)

c. He never argued just to be arguing.

7. Question and Answer:

a. His questions made men think. JHe asks question concern-

ing the man sick of the palsy (Matt 9*5) and what would a man give in
exchange for his soul. (Matt 16:26)

b. His questions made men make decisions. (Mk 8:27-29)

c. Christ encouraged the disciples to ask questions and

have discussions.

8. Object Lessons;

a. He used a child to teach humility. (Matt 18:1-6)

h8
 b. He used2 the widow and her two mites to teach giving.
(Lk 21:l-h)

C. CONCLUSION: Christ’s teaching was not sterotyped.

SECTION II - OPENING EVENTS OF CHRIST’S MINISTRY:

1 - THS MESSIAH CONFESSED: (Jn l:29-3h)

A. SETTING: (Jn l:28-29a)

1. Bethany, probably the obscure village of Bethany in Perea,

not the Bethany outside Jerusalem.

2. The events between John, Chanters one and three, took place
before the events mentioned after Mark 1:1U and Matt h:12. His discourse
with Nicodemus concerning the necessity for the new birth took place just
before the Last Suppervinstead of at the beginning of Christ’s ministry
as it appears to have been.

B. THE SAVIOUR: (Jn l:29b-31)

1. The word ”sin” is singular, (Jn 1:29) Christ came to take

away the sin nature.

2. John said he ’’knew Him not.” (Jn 1:31) There are two views
on his reason for saying he did not know Christ;

a. That John did not know Jesus as a man until about six
weeks before. This view is based upon the fact of John having lived his
life in the wilderness and Christ had lived in the highlands of Galilee
and they had not met.

b. That John did not know Jesus as the Messiah until the
Holy Spirit pointed Him out to John at the baotism.

C. THE SIGN: (Jn l:32-3h)

1. This has illusion to the baotism.

2. This sign was neculiar to John.

3* John saw the sign. (Jn 1:3’0

II - THE MEN CHOSEN: (Jn 1:35-51)

A. THE FIRST GROUP: (John’s work crowned, Jn 1:35-h2)

U9
 !• Men involved: (Jn

a. Men associated with John were selected, (Jn l:hO) These

were Andrew, John, and Simon peter.

b. The narrative hears the mark of an eye witness.

c. John suooresses his own name and importance This is one
of the peculiarities of John’s Gospel.

2 A Method of Ooeration was initiated: (Jn l:hO-h2)

a. Dersonal Evangelism; One of the disciples, Andrew,

brought his brother to Christ, instituting the method of personal evangelism.
Andrew means ’’just a man.” Whenever his name is mentioned, he is usually
bringing someone to Christ. His name is mentioned 13 times; 5 by John.

E. THE SECOND GROUP - Jesus’ work commences.

lo The Call - (Jn I:h3-h6) These men were not associated with John.

a. Philip was found by Christ who said ’’Follow me.” Philip

was from Bethsaida, the hometown of Andrew and Pdter, and had possibly been
witnessed to by them. This would explain his readiness to follow Christ.

b. Nathanael was found by Philip (Jn l:ltS)

c. There is no mention of Nathanael in the Synoptics; the
Synoptic writers called him '’Bartholomew.”

d. In the Synoptics, Bartholomew’s name is always coupled

with Philip’s; Philip and Bartholomew o (Matt 10:3; Lk 6:lh; Mk 3:18)
Wouldn’t it be nice if every person you won to Christ would stick with you
and help you serve Christ as Bartholomew (Nathanael) did with Philip?
e. Bartholomew’s name is a Patronymic, a name formed by
adding a prefix or suffix to the father’s name. (Johnson, Davidson, etc)
Bartholomew was the son of Tolmai.

2. The Conquest - (Jn l:li7-li9)

a. Jesus said Nathanael was <an Israelite indeed, meaning that

his name measured up to the Israelite standard
-!• (Jn I:!i7)
b. He was a^narently reading Daniel 7:13 when Jesus saw him
sitting under the fig tree. I(Jn l:h8-51) This is a picture of angels com­
ing and going between heaven and earth while Jesus reigns here on earth.

c. Verse 119 indicates a complete captivation of Nathanael’s

life by Christ.

50
 3. The Coming Event - (Jn 1:50-51)
a. Probably a reference to the Second Corning of Christ with
His saints and angels showing the angels flitting back and forth between
the earth and Heaven during the Millennium.

b. Christ is the connecting link between the two worlds.

c. Christ told Nathanael he would see greater sights than

this if he would follow Him. This was the raising of the dead, healing of
the blind, the deaf, the lame and the halt.

III - MIRACLE AT THE MARRIAGE OF CANA IN GALILEE: (Jn 2:1-11)

INTRODUCTION:

1. This was the first miracle performed by Christ® (Jn 2:11)

2. This statement eliminates any childhood miracles which may be
claimed©

3* Why was this the first miracle?

a. To counteract any ascetic (hermit) practices that John
the Baptist may have started. John was a hermit who avoided crowds except
when preaching; Jesus is here with a crowd at a social event.

bo To place His sanction upon the institution of marriage.

c As a supplement to the experience of the Temptation® What
He would not do for Himself (change stones into bread) Ke would do for
. others (changer:water into v/ine)o

A. THE SCENE: (Jn 2:1-2)

1. Geographic Location: (Jn 2:1)
a. In Cana of Galilee, the city located 9 miles north of
Nazareth, Christ’s home town. It is mentioned three times (Jn 2:1; b:?i6;
and 21:2)
2. ‘ The Guests: (Jn 2:lb-2)
a. Mother of Jesus - (Jn 2:1b) Mary was nossibly related
to or close friends with this family because she is seen bossing the servants
around in verse

b. Christ
c. The Disciples - Andrew, Peter, John, Philip and Nathanael
had been called by this time.

<1
 B THE SITUATION: (Jn 2:34)
1. Mother's request - (Jn 2:3) "They have no wine.” Mary sneaks
to Jesus as if He should do something about the shortage.

2. Master's reply - (Jn 2:b) "Woman, what have I to do with

thee, mine hour is not yet come?"

a. There is a mild rebuke.

b. The term "woman" was respectable.

Co He was grown up and not under her control©

C. THE SOLUTION: (Jn 2:5-10)

1. The containers used - (Jn 2:5-6)

a. Each held 20 gallons; totalling about 120 gallons©

b. The normal use for these stone jars was for holding
water. So no one could say the pots still held a little wine which was
then diluted with water to accomplish the "miracle."

2. The Command of Christ - (Jn 2:7-8)

a. "Fill the waterpots with water." They filled the jars

to the brim so everyone could see they held water.

bo "Draw out now and bear unto the governor of the feast."
This governor was the person Ln charge of details; the caterer.
3. The Confessio?i of the Governor - (Jn 2:9-10)

a. ’’This was the best wine.”

b. His expression "well drunk" does not mean drunken, tut

filled until their taste was not so sensitive□

c. Contrary to popular opinion, this was probably real wine

(fermented grape juice).

(1) It is used in I Tim 5*23 "Drink a little wine for

thy stomach's sake." The wine of this age had a little medicinal purposes.

(2) What would good or bad grape juice be? The remark
by the governor would make no sense unless he were talking about fermented
wine o

52
 (3) Water in the Holy Land was so impure generally
that it was drunk only in fermented wine which killed some bacteria.

(h) According to ’’wine” in Unger’s Bible Dictionary,

there are two words in the manuscripts for wine; one is definitely fermented
and this word ”yayin” is used in 83 of the 138 references to wine. Another
word for wine is ”tirosh” and means freshly pressed unfermented grape
juice.

(5) Palestine was never guilty of drunkenness and it

was definitely the custom of the land to use fermented wine, even the children.
However, the wine was not fermented to the degree of that today and you could
not get drunk on it. It probably had about 1% alcoholic content.

(6) Even so, the wine could over-ferment and cause

drunkenness as clearly documented in Scripture. (Gen 1x9:12; Gen 9:21;
I Sam 25:36-37; Isa 28:1; Jer 23:9)

D. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MIRACLE: (Jn. 2:11)

1, It revealed the glory of Christ,
a. He performed this miracle without even speaking a word.

b. Think what this meant to the believing Jew! This was the
first miracle performed §ince Old Testament times.

c. Wine was an Old Testament symbol dfrJoy.

2. It confirmed the faith of the disciples 0

SECTION III - EARLY JUDEAN MINISTRY:

INTRODUCTION: Capernaum had a special place in the Lord’s heart and

he called it his city. (Matt 9:1) He performed more miracles here than
any place else. Capernaum means ’’House of Nahum.”

I.- THE DESECRATION OF THE TEMPLE: (Jn 2:13-25)

A. THE CELEBRATION ENUMERATED:
1. The Passover was the most important Jewish ceremony. This
second miracle of the cleansing of the Temple occurred at the time of the
Passover. (Jn 2:13)

2. The length of Christ’s public ministry is determined by the

number of Passovers mentioned-in Scripture.

a. Some say there are 3.

b. Others say Jn 5:1 may have been a Passover making !*•

53
 TA B. THE CONFUSION OF EVENTS: (2 separate cleansings?)

1. Cleansing of the Temnle in Jn 2 was in his early ministry.

2. Cleansing of the Temple in Mk 11:15-17 was at the closing

part of His ministry.

3. He drove out the animals but would not drive out the doves.
He required their owners to take them away from the Temple, The reason for
this is that the dove is a type of the Holy Spirit and Christ would not
desecrate a type. (Jn 2:15-16)
C. THE CHARACTER OF THIS ENCOUNTER:

1. A symbolic act showing the authority of Christ.

a. There would be no animals available for sacrifice by

those who came expecting to buy one. Christ is the only available sacri­
fice.
b. They had brought the animals and birds into the very
temnle itself.
c. Money changers were also there to change foreign coinage
for Jewish money at a nice nrofit.

d. There was too much confusion in the Temple for worshin;

animals bellowing, coins clanking, sales pitches, etc.
e. The cords used by Jesus to drive them out were a symbol
of aughority. These cords were used for binding animals, boxes, etc.
f. No one stopned Him or spoke out against Him. They knew
He was right and that the common people would back Him up.
2. A sign announced. (Jn 2:18)
a. They asked for a sign and he promised to raise the Temple
in three days.
b. They didn’t understand His meaning and neither did the
disciples. All thought he referred to the building itself. (Jn 2:22J

II - DISCOURSE ON THE NEW BIRTH: (Jn 3)

A. THE MAN HIMSELF, NICODEMUS: Nicodemus was one of the bravest and
most outstanding men in the Mew testament. He was a:
1. Jew.

2.. Pharisee (fundamentalist of his day)

&
 3. Member of the Sanhedrin (ruler).

h. Master (teacher) in Israel#

Man in need of Christo

B. THE MASTER AT HAND:
1. Nicodemus came to Jesus by night. (Jn 3:2) Why at night?

a. Was he afraid of the consequences of the visit? Any

chief ruler who believed on Jesus would be put out of the synagogue if the
Pharisees found out about it. (Jn 12:b2)

b. Was It because the Lord was too busy in the daytime?

c. Was Nicodemus too busy in the daytime?

d. Was it because it was cooler at night and people had

a custom of doing their visiting at night sitting on the rooftops in the
breeze?
e. Was it a chance meeting?
f. We actually do not know why he came to see Jesus at night.

2. He immediately begins to build up and flatter Christ who immed-

iately tells him he needs to be born again. This is a rather blunt way to
witness to someone unless that person had been dealt with before.

3. What was in Nicodemus’ heart?

a. He recognized Christ as the Messias.

b. He knew the Messiah and the Kingdom were linked together.
(Jn 3:3)
c. He did not recognize the Deity of Christ (Jn 3*2) and he
had the regular Jewish idea of the Kingdom (that Christ would usher in the
Kingdom age at his first coming).
C. THE MASTER’S HELP: (Jn 2:3)
lo He knocked down all of Nicodemus’ previous ideas.
2. He made him realize the need of the new birth.

3* Christ was surprised at Nicodemus’ question in Jn 3:5*

Nicodemus thought all Jews would enter the Millennium (Kingdom).

55
 D. THE MAN’S HINDRANCE:

1. He was spiritually ignorant and had been misinformed, There

are two types of ignorance:
a. Uninformed•
b. Misinformed. This was Nicodemus1 condition.

2. The answer is in Jn 2:6. Flesh begats flesh; the new birth

is not from the mother’s womb but is from above.
E. THE MARVELLOUS HEALING: (Jn 2:5-21)
1. The Saviour explains how to be saved, receive the new birth,
and enter the Kingdom.
2. From the way later Scripture accounts of the deeds of Nicodemus,
he apparently received the new birth.

3. There are several views of the meaning of the word "water” in

John 3:5:
a* Refers to physical birth (the breaking of the water sac
at birth.
b. Refers to baptism.

c. Refers to the water of cleansing in Ezek 36:25.

d. Type of the Word of God. (Snh 5:26; Isa 55:1; I Pet 1:23)

e. Refers symbolically of the “Spirit of God."

The correct meaning of water in this Scripture (Jn 3:5) is a

symbolic reference of the Holy Spirit, according to the professor.
a. In this verse, water and Spirit are the same, When speaking
of cleansing, water is the symbol of the Spirit.
b. Water is used for Spirit in the account of the woman at the
well. (Jn h:l).i)
c. Water and Spirit are also tied together in Jn 7:3'3*39,
He that believe th on me, as the Scripture hath said, out of his belly shall
flow rivers of living water. (But this He spake of the Spirit, which they
that believe on Him should receive: for the Holy Ghost was not yet given... n

%
Ill - DECLARATION OF JOHN (Jn 3:22-36)

A. RESUME OF JESUS’ WORK (Jn 3:22«2h)

1. Christ did not baptize any of the disciples or any other
person. (Jn U:2) The reason, obviously, is that any person baptized by
Jesus could have gotten the idea he was someone superior to those not
having been dipped by Jesus.

2. John was Preaching and baptizing about 20 miles away from

where Jesus was at this particular time, (to the North) (Jn’ 3:23)
B. REPORT OF JOHN’S DISCIPLES (Jn 3:25-26)
1. Jews cast remarks on John’s ministry:
a0 Some of the Jewish elders spoke againsttJohn in front of
some of John’s disciples.
b. They said Jesus was gathering moro disciples than John
was and asked questions about purification laws, both Old Testament laws
and traditional laws.
(1) John was hermitic or monastic in practice, living
in the desert without nroper sanitary conditions available.
(2) They said John was “dirty” in his way of life and
that perhaps this was the reason men followed Christ instead of John.
2. His disciples were jealous of the position of Christ:
a. No one likes to follow "number two;" there is more prestige
in following the number one.
b. They felt Christ was not treating John right in coming in
and taking over. They complained to John about it.
They felt Christ
3.was drawing everyone to'Himself and John would
_____________
soon have no one to follow him.
C. REACTION OF JOHN THS BAPTIST: (Jn 3:27-30) "He must 4ncrease and I
must decrease~~
1. His answer points out his character. He puts Christ first and
wants his followers to turn to Christ • —

2. He came to point men to another, Christ#

3o He uses beautiful figures in Jn 3:2?. (Bride and Bridegroom)

$1
 a. John said he was not the bridegroom (Christ) but the
friend of the bridegroom.
b. John did not feel slighted that the bride (those who
love Jesus) loved the bridegroom more than him.
D. REFLECTIONS OF JOHN THE APOSTLE: (Jn 3:31-36)
1. The arostle John begins sneaking in verse 31 where John the
Baptist leaves” off.
2. He reaffirms the Baptist’s witness and shows how it is being
fulfilled by the miracles being~wrought by Christ.

SECTION IV - THE SAMARITAN MENISTRY

I - THE MESSAGE TO THE SAMARITANS: Primarily salvation. (Jn h:l-3O)
A. JESUS SOUGHT HER SOUL: (Jn Ij:1-5)

1. He must needs go through Samaria

Samaria.. (vs h) Usually people
went around Samaria when" tr ave Hing from Jerusalem to Galilee.
a. The road was shorter by going straight through Samaria.
b. Galileans usually took this road because they did not look
down on the Samaritans as the Jews did who lived in Judeao
c. The Judeans, however, took the long way around to the east
of the River Jordan.
2. Why did Christ need to go through Samaria?
a. Because it was the most direct and fastest route?
b. To avoid perea, the seat of Herod’s-government?
c. It was to minister to the woman of Samaria.

3. He met her at the well in the city of Sychar.

a. The city is located at the foot of Mt Gerazim, the mount
of blessing*
b. This city’s wall is still in use today.
B. HE SECURED HER INTEREST:
1. By referring to something she knew, water, He got Nicodemus’
attention by describing the wind’s movements.

58
 By remarking about 2.something she had* She had a bucket and
_____________________
He asked her for a drink from it.

3. By responding to something she wanted.

a* She nrobably thought it strange that He asked her for
’’water” and later offered her ’’water.”

b. She rebuked Him for even talking to her. The Jews

thought of Samaritans as something on the level of a dog and in some ways
did not think of them as even having a soul. If a Jew came in contact with
a Samaritan, he had to be repurified before he could even attend the temple.
c. She asked for the living water Christ offered her and was
not refused*

C. HE STOCKED HER CONSCIENCE: (Jn h:17)

1. She was an adulterous woman, an outcast of her own society.

2. She had come for water in the heat of the day when no other
women would be around. They generally gathered watei' at morning or late
evening.

3> Her sin had to be brought before her. (I Kings 17:18) You
have to make people realize they are lost before they can be saved. This
is why Jesus pointed out her sinful condition to her.

D. HE SATISFIED HER HEART: (Jn h:28-29, lj2)

1. The disciples came back and asked why He was witnessing to
her. They had the regular Jewish attitude toward Samaritans. ((Jn h:27)
2. She left her waterpots and went back to town to tell the men
she had prostituted herself to about Jesus, thus confronting them of their
sin.

3. They listened and came to Christ with an open mind. (Jn h:L2)
11 - MESSAGE TO SERVANTS - Service: (Jn h:31-39) Three commands are
given by Jesus ^to Mis^servants:

A. LOOK YE * Look around you and get a burden. Where there is no vision
the people perish. You must have a vision and a burden before you can serve.

B. PRAY YE - Pray ye the Lord of the harvest. Have compassion.

C. GO YE - You can’t witness without going.

59
SECTION V - THE GALILEAN MINISTRY: (Mark 1:1!i-9:5O; Lk h:lli-9:5O;
Mt hsl2-18:35j Jn )4:U3-8:59)
NOTE: We will use Mark’s Gospel for these four reasons:
1. Mark and Matthew sometimes agree chronologically against Luke.
2
Mark and Luke more frequently agree Chronologically against
Matthew.

3. Matthew and Luke never disagree with Mark.

h. So Mark is the most chronologically correct.
I - THE OOMMEN CEMENT OF THE MINISTRY: (Mk l:lh-3:6; Lk h:lh-6:ll; Mt h:12-
12:11.1; Jn Ij:»i3-£:h7)
A. INAUGURATION: (Mk Mt h:12-16; Lk h:lb-31; Jn h:h3-^i) The
Galilean ministry started at the time John the Baptist was put in prison.

1. Arrival in Galilee: (Mk l:llj-15; Mt Lk h:l'-15; Jn ljsl-3,

Ii3-Ii5)
2. Healing the Nobleman’s son
son:: (Jn h:h6-5>h) This was the second
miracle after Jesus came out of Samaria to Galilee.

a. The Place - (Jn h:h6) -Cana of Galilee.

b. The Plea - (Jn Ij:h7~h9) ’’Come down to Capernaum before
rny son dies.”

(1) The nobleman had left the son at home in Capernaum

while he came to Cana where Jesus was. Capernaum was about 25 miles away
to the northeast on the shores of Galilee.
(2) The rebuke in Jn U:h8 was probably directed at the
unbelieving Jews standing around, not to the nobleman who was displajring
faith.

(3) It was an urgent plea. The man could afford the

best medical aid but the child was still dying and he believed Jesus could
solve his son’s problem.

c. The Promise - (Jn h:$0) "Go thy way, thy son liveth.”

d. The ^roof - (Jn h:51-5h)

(1) The nobleman went home to his son without question.

(2) His son was mending ani out of danger.

60
 (3) The servants said the lad began mending at 1 P.M.,
the exact hour Jesus had said, 11 Thy son live th.”

(b) This experience confirmed the nobleman’s faith in

the person of Christ and he was saved. (Jn h:$3)

(5) His entire family believed on Christ. (Jn li:J>3)

3. His first rejection at Nazareth? (Lk U:16-3O)
a. Reading of the message: (Lk h:16-19)

(1) Christ had gone to the synagogue as was His custom.

(Lk h:16)

(2) Standing before the peoole, He proceeded to read

from the Word of God to show the people who He actually was.

(3) He showed His familiarity with the Scriptures by

immediately finding the place where the Scripture was located. (Lk lt:17)

(h) He read from the Book of Isaiah (Isa 61:1-2) the

prophecy of His being anointed to preach, heal, etc.

(5) He then closed the book or scroll and said "This

day are these things fulfilled in your ears.” (Lk h:21)

b. The reasoning of the Master: (Lk h:2O-27) . "This is I.’1

(1) Christ was asserting His Deity by stating He was the

One Isaiah was prophesying about. This was one of Christ’s teaching methods,
that of making Himself the center of His own teachings.

(2) He gives the people two illustrations: (Lk h:25-27)

(a) There were many widows during the period of

drought in Elijah’s day. No Jewish widows were helped but Elijah was sent
to a gentile widow in Sarepta in Sidon, Phenecia and she had water and food.
(Lklj:26)

(b) There were many lepers but only Naaman, a gentile,

was cleansed; none of the leners of Israel were cleansed. (Lk h:27)

(3) He was showing the Jews in the synagogue a time when

the blessings of God had gone outside the nation of Israel and would again
after they reject Him as the Messiah.

61
 c. The reaction of the mob: (Lk !i:28-30)

(1) They were so infuriated at such an idea that they

all rose up and took Him to a hill to cast Him over but He walked away from
them under Divine protection.
(2) They were orobably planning to administer "the
Rebel’s Beating” to Him; a type of punishment administered without trial
to anyone caught in flagrant violation of any law or tradition.
(3) He had claimed Deity and this was probably their
idea of His crime. Men had also wanted to stone Kim after He claimed
Deity in Jn 8:58-59.
1
(li) The Apostle Paul was probably being given this type
of beating in Acts 21:31-32.

Uo Journey to Capernaum: (Lk Li :31) Christ’s next stop*

B. ITINERATION: (Mk l:16-h5)

1. Call of four disciples: (Lk 5:1-11)
a. Revelation; (Lk 5*1”7) The account of the great catch
of fish revealed the seveTeTgnty of God:

(1) To the multitudes (Lk 5•1-3) listening as Jesus

preached to them from the boat.
(2) To the men. (Lk
(a) There are four reasons why Peter rebuked the
Lord when told to launch out into the deep:
1. What would a carpenter* know about fishing?
_ How could you catch fish by day?
2. (They
had always followed the custom of only fishing by night.)

3. How do you catch fish in deep water?

_
Their nets were only 3 or |j feet deep.
)i. They had tried and failed.
(b) They were to learn that Jesus was the Master
of all creation and we will succeed by doing exactly as He tells us even if
His methods may seem unorthodox.

b. Reaction: (Lk 5?8-10) Their reaction was an acknowledg-

ment of their sinfulness. They fell on their knees before Him,

62
 (1) Christ now gives Simon the new name of Peter.

(2) Up to this time, he had been known as Simon and,

even after this, he will be called Simon when he does something wrong.
The name Simon refers to his old carnal nature and the new name Peter
refers to his new spiritual nature.

c. Result: (Lk 5:11) Service

(1) Christ said, "Follow me and I will make you fishers
of men." He promised them results when He stated, "From henceforth you
shall catch men."

(2) They forsook all and followed Him.

2. Casting out of a Demon: (Mark 1:21-28 and Luke h:31-37)
The authority of Christ was new as demonstrated in His casting out of the
demons:

a. New manner: (Mk 1:21-22)

(1) He taught them as one who knew what he was talking
about, and not as the Scribes and the Pharisees who had no authority of
their own.

(2) He was convicting when He taught or sooke. The

demons recognized that authority.

b. New method: (Mk 1:23-26)

(1) The man’s condition: (Mk 1:23)
(a) He was demon-posessed.
(b) Many are demon-nosessed in this day and age
(2 ) The complaint: (Mk 1:2li)

(a) He asked of Christ, "What have we in common

with thee?"

(b) He spoke of himself in the plural, seemingly

realizing he had an unclean spirit within him.

(3) The cure: (Mk 1:25-26)

(a) Christ commanded the demons to shut up and
come out of the man, even though they were admitting He was "The Holy One
of God." Christ did not want the testimony of demons but of righteous
men. Paul also told a demon-possessed woman to hush up and then directed
the demon to leave her.

63
 -a (b) The man was completely cured even though no
mention is made of any faith on his part.

b. New message: (Mk l:2?-28)

(1) In content: Christ was dealing in reality rather

than ritualism.

(2) In character: The character of this new message

was different because it was from God. It had power because of His authority.
(3) In consequences; (Mk 1:27) Christ’s message amazed
the hearers who had been used to the dry teachings of the Scribes and Phar­
isees.

The Cure
3. _____ of Peter’s Mother-in-Law: (Mark l:29-3h)
The main point is service.
a.Healing of a Mother-in-Law: Deals with the service
of the lady. (Mk 1:29-317 Some things to notice about her:
(1) Her son-in-law:

(a) Peter was married to her daughter.

(b) She lived in Peter’s house and Jesus

stayed with them occasionally.

(2) Her sickness: (Mk l:3O-31a)

(a) Its character: The verb indicates she had

had the fever a long time. (Lk 11:557“
(b) Its correction: (Matt 8:lh and Lk h:38)
1 Luke describes Jesus as leaning over
the patient as a ministering doctor (The Great Physician).

2 Jesus took her hand and immediately

the fever left her.

(3) Her service: (Mk 1:31b)

(a) She immediately began ministering or

serving.

(b) The word ’’ministered” is always used in

Scripture of women and angels.

(c) A woman is never seen opposing the work

of the Savioursin the Bible.

6h
 b. Healing of the multitude: Deals with the service of the
Lord. (Mk 1:32-3h 5 Matt 8:16-17 f Lie Ta^O-hl)
(1) The Diseases:
(a) People brought great numbers of people with
all manner of diseases and conditions to Christ in the cool of the evening.

(b) Christ laid His hands on them and healed them

all. (Lk

(2) The Door: Peter’s home.

(a) The people gathered around the door to Peter’s

home where Jesus was. (Mk 1:33)

(b) This indicates Deter’s great testimony in his

community,

h. The Circuit Tour of Galilee:

_ (Lk h:h2-b.)i; Mk 1:35-39) Before
Christ did anything, He prayed. Three Divine Principles are laid down by
Christ’s praying:

a. First,
___________________________
there is a time to pray. (Lk h:Ji2 and Mk 1:35-37)
We must learn the power of prayer and the right time for us to pray.

(1) Christ’s prayer strengthened His own spiritual life.

It indicated His utter dependence upon the Father.

(2) Christ’s prayer also strengthened His servant’s life.

Some people don’t pray for themselves and your prayers will strengthen them
as- youpray for them.

b. Then, there is a time to preach. (Mk 1:38-39)

(1) There was a necessity: (Mk 1:38)

(a) Christ came primarily to preach, not to perform

miracles as the people wanted Him to do.

(b) God calls us primarily to preach, not to perform

the miracles people would rather see us do. We must learn to budget our
time.

(2) There was a need: (Mk 1:39)

5. The cleansing of a Leoer: (Mk 1:1i0-)j5; Mt 8:2-?;; Lk 5:12-16)

a. The Leprosy of the Man:

65
 (1) Asa sickness:
(a) Lepers, in Scripture, were always cleansed,
never healed.
(b) Leper cleansing was outlined in Lev 13. The
priests could only pronounce a person cleansed but could not cleanse.

(c) The Jews believed Leprosy was contagious by

touch and isolated then outside their society in leper colonies.

(d) The Gentiles did not believe this was necessary

and allowed their lepers to move about within their society as seen in the
case of Naaman still being within the Kings palace and head of the Army.

(2) As a symbol of sin:

(a) There was no known cure for leprosy which was

known as a ’’living death.”

(b) Sin results in a ’’living death” which only the

Blood of Christ can cleanse, not heal.

(c) There were 12 cases of Leprosy in the New-Testa­

ment, each picturing sin.

(d) Notice the leper’s required clothing and appear­

ance in Lev 13:b£.
The Love of The ’ Master:
b._______________ Leper said to Jesus, ’’Lord,
The ____________________
if Thou wilt, Thou c an s t make me' "clean • TT (Mk l:liO)

(1) Love has to be willing; Jesus said, ”1 will, be thou

clean/1 (Mk Itlil)

Love
(2) has to be out into action;
______ Jesus touched him
and he was instantly cleansed. W 1 :TJT-L2)

c. The Law of Moses:

(1) Christ sent him to the priests as required by the

Lav; of Moses in Lev 13.that he might be declared clean.
(2) The priests were amazed at his account of the cure.

(3) The Law could not cleanse him tut could only pronounce
him clean or unclean.

66
 C. INDIGNATION: (Mk 2:l-3:6; Lk 5:17-6:11; Jn 5:l-h7)
1. The Paralytic Man Healed: (Mk 2:l-3:6)

a. Details of the Miracle: (14k 2:1-6) Christ was at

Peter’s house preaching to a large crowd when the paralytic man was brought
by four men, let down through the roof and healed.

(1) The Folks: An overflow crowd of people were there.

(2) The Feeling of the Men: They believed Jesus could

heal their friend and they were willing to bear the burden of getting him
to Jesus.

(3) The Failure of the Men: They could not get the
press of people to let them through. (Mk 2 :li)'

(b) The Fortitude of the Men: They would not be turned

aside by obstacles or the inconsideration of others. They found another
way to get the man to Jesus. They carried him up onto the roof, dug a hole
in the stucco roof large enough to lower the man and his bed through and
lowered the man to the floor at the feet of Jesus.

(5) The Faith of the Men; When Jesus saw their faith
he helped the man. Don’t cease to try bring a person to Christ - Christ
just may honor your faith and save the person.

(6) The Forgiveness of the Paralytic: According to

the Greek text, his sickness was the result of sin.

b. Doctrine of the Miracle: (Mk 2:7-12)

(1) The Theory of the Bystanders:

(a) The criticizing bystanders in Mk 2:6 correctly

theorized that only God could forgive sins.

(b) Their trouble was that they did not recognize

Christ as God.

(2) The Truth (Message) of the Miracle: (Mk 2:9)

(a) It proved that Jesus had the power to forgive

sin.

(b) It brought:

1. Forgiveness to the man.

2. Favor to the Master. (Mk 2:12)

3. Fear to the Multitude. (Matt 9:8)

67
 2. Personal choice of Matthew: (Mk 2:13-17)

a• His Occupation: (Mk 2:13-lha) A Custom House Official.

(1) Luke called him a Publican or ’’public official.”

(2) There were two types of Publicans:

(a) An ordinary tax collector who simnly collected

ordinary taxes.

(b) A Custom House official who supervised the tax

collectors, established rates of taxation, and took care of fancy taxes such
as import taxes, road taxes, etc. This was Matthew’s work.

(3) They were desoised by the people of Israel.

(h) According to the rabbis, Publicans had no hone.
b. Matthew’s Renunciation: (Mk 2:Dib)

(1) Matthew was prepared for the message of Christ and

was apparently familiar with Christ.

(2) He knew of the message, arose and followed Christ.

c. Matthew’s Celebration:

(1) The amiability of the Saviour was seen in His attend­

ing a big dinner attended by publicans and sinners. (Mk 2:15)

(2) The accusation of the scribes and Pharisees was that

Jesus ate and drank whereas-"John the Baptist’ did not”. He wa's also criticized
for associating with such persons.

(3) The aim of the Saviour was to help those who were in
need and wanted help. (kk 2:1?)
(Mk 2:1?)

3. The Pro bl em of Fasting;

a. A doubt expressed: The Attack. (Lk 5:33)

(1) They tried to divide Christ’s ranks on the subject
of fasting.

(2) John’s disciples fasted and Christ seemed to teach

the opposite.

(3) Neither Christ nor Paul encouraged fasting for New

Testament saints.

68
 b A Principle Enunciated: The Answer: (Lk 5:3h-39)
(1) The Bridegroom - (Lk 5:35) This speaks of the
period between the crucifixion and the resurrection and again between the
ascension and Pentecost when the Bridegroom is absent.
(2) The Skin Containers (bottles) - Christ did not come
to mend or end the Law but to introduce something better. They wanted the
old, not the new and said the Law was better than life and Liberty. (Lk 5:39)
L. The pool at Bethesda and the Discourse that followed: (Jn 1-Ii7)

a. The Miracle: Demonstration: (Jn 5:1-18) The impotent man

had lain by the pool for 38 years but couldn’t get into the water when the ‘
angel stirred it.
(1) The Problem - his infirmity:
(a) lie was hopeless. His condition could not get
better.

(b) He was helpless. He could not help himself.

(c) He was friendless.

(2) The Point of the Controversy: (Jn 5:10,18)

(a) Jesus broke the Sabbath. The Sabbath was a

national sign between God andTs'rael but the Jews had rejected Christ so
the Sabbath had no significance so far as Christ was concerned. The Christ­
ian has no Sabbath but the Lord’s Day instead.

(b) Christ claimed equality with God, the greater

of the two offences. (Jn 5?1B7
(3) The Persecution of Christ is reflected as, once again,
they sought to killoHim.
b. The Message: Doctrine: (Jn 5:19-h7)
(1) The Teaching as 'td^HisrPerson:

(a) He claimed equality with God in Power. (Jn 5:19-

21)

(b) He also claimed equality with God in authority.

(2) The Testimony as to His Person: There is a h-fold

witness as to Who Christ was in Jn 5:31-35)

69
 (a) John the Baptist.

(b) Christ’s works.

(c) The Father.

(d) The Scriptures.

5. The Plucking of Grain on the Sabbath: (Mk 2:23-28)

a. This occurrence proved that Christ is the Lord of creation.
b. It further proves Him to be the Lord of the Sabbath.
6. The Pharisees and the man which had a withered hand: (Mk 3:1-6;
Matt 12:9~lh;“tk 6:6-11)
a The Legalists conspire: (Mk 3:1-2) They watched Christ
like a spy.
b. The Lord takes command:

(1) There is action in love as Christ healed the man

without being asked to. We put love in action when we lead men to Christ
without being asked by the unsaved man for any help.
(2) There is anger in love as Christ denounced the Phar­
isees.

c. The Leaders take council: (Mk 3:6) They go to the Herod-

ians for counselling on how to destroy Him. Luke said they had lost their
ability to discriminate between good and evil, They thought it alright to
kill Him on' the Sabbath Day for His ”crime" of doing good on the Sabbath.

II - CLIMAX OF THE MINISTRY: (Mk 3:7-7:23; Jn 6:1-71)

A. ORGANIZATION: THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE KINGDOM: (Mk 3:7-19; Lk 6:
12-’i9; Matt 5-7)

1. Sces s f H^-s Ministry: (Mk 3:7-12; Matt 12:15-21) Many were

healed and save37.

2. Selection of His Men: (Mk 3:13-19; Lk 6:12-16)

a Prayerful Preparation; (Lk 6:12-13)
(1) Before Christ chose any disciples, He always prayed,
sometimes all night. How much more should we pray on important matters.

70
 (2) In Jesus’ high priestly prayer (Jn 17:6), He
infers that God keeps men from becoming entangled in the world because
of the prayers of the Son for them.

b A Sovereign Selection: (Lk 6: Ih *16)

(1) His choices for apostles are outlined:

(a) Simon Peter.

(b) Andrew

(c) James

(d) John
(e) Philip

(f) Bartholomew (N athanael)

(g) Matthew

(h) Thomos

(i) James the Less (Son of Alnhaeus)

(j) Simon Zelotes

(k) Judas the brother of James

(1) Judas Iscariot

(2) None of these men were outstanding among men; all

were common men of low estate. They may have wondered why Christ called
them but the responsibility for the choice was Christ’s, not theirs, He
chose men who would depend on Him.

3. Significance of the terms "Kingdom of Heaven” and "Kingdom

OF GOB.”:

a. Concept of the kingdom:

(1) Introduction * There are 3 concents which relate

to the kingdom:

(a) The pre sent f0 rm - the mystery form of the

kingdom to be explained laterT (Matt

Present form-.'. —(mystery form), ____ Millennium

Church Age

71
 -A
(b) The eternal kingdom - a time called "the kingdom
of God0 or ’’the universal kingdom of God.” This may be defined broadly as
the rule of God over His creation.

(c) The earthly kingdom - This was prophesied in the

Old Testament and is properly called ’’Messianic Kingdom” or ’’Mediatorial
Kingdom. ”

1x. This n.o what

into is John the
wiidu uoini urie Baptist
DcLpuiou, Christ, and
the 12 Apostles were preaching. (Matt 3:2; Matt h:17; Matt 10)
2nd Coming
Old Testament Church Age Tribulation 1000 year reign of Christ, a
prophecies (unexpected) time promised to the Jews.
rapture

a. If the Jews had accented Christ as

Messiah, the Millennium would have“"been ushered in without the Church age
being necessary. (Jn 1:11-12)

b The present form is called the mystery

__
form because it contains the Church age which was not prophesied in the Old
Testament and therefore was not expected by the Jews.

c. The Bible should read ’’the kingdom of

the heavens.0 where it says "kingdom of heaven."1 This is the way the original
manuscripts are written, according to the Greek text.

d. There are 3 heavens in Scripture:

-1- The atmosphere around the earth.
^2- Outer space where the stars are.

-3- God’s abode.

2. It is hard to prove that the early preachers
(John the Baptist & the Adosties) made any distinction between the Kingdom of
God and the Kingdom ux Hwdiveii, as far as relating these two concepts to the
of Heaven
Messianic Kingdom. <(They preached only about a kingdom on this earth)

3. The distinction comes by usage in the context.

The terms were used interchangeably at times. (Matt 19:23-2!i)
(2) Definitions: We will work on the following premises:

(a) The Kingdom of God - a sphere of reality involving

all who are subject to God’s will - no unsaved here. These include only those
born again, possessors of eternal life through their faith in Christ.

72
-a (b) Kingdom of Heaven - a sphere of orofession.
Includes all who have made a ^rofess ion” and wi11 naturally include some
who are not saved.

(3) Usage:

(a) Kingdom of Heaven occurs 32 times and is found

in Matthew’s gosoel only.

(b) Kingdom of God is used 72 times.

(c) The word "Kingdom” by itself is used 57 times.

Summary
(d) - To properly understand the Kingdom,
______
we must consider all 161 times that all three terms are used.

b. Characteristics of the Kingdom of Heaven (in any form):

(1) At hand (near) (Matt 3:2)

(2) Certain blessings are oromised to the righteous in

the Kingdom of Heaven. (Matt 5) The Beatitudes0

(3) Gentiles seem to be a part of this kingdom. (Matt 8:11)

(h) It is composed of both saved and unsaved; all who have

made a profession tut the unsaved will eventually be cast out of the kingdom.
One illustration is the tares and the wheat. (Matt 13:2h-3O; Matt 13:36-h3;
Matt 13:1)7-52; Matt 22:l-lh; Matt 25:1-10)

(5) Subject to rapid growth - the tiny mustard seed

quickly grew into a large tree. (Matt 13:31-32)

■ (6) Has satanic influences in it:

(a) This is interpreted by the devouring birds in

the Mustard tree. (Matt 13:32; Matt 13;h)

(b) The devil is involved. (Matt 13=19)

(7) Will be filled with leaven (corrupt doctrine).

(a) Leaven appears over h0 times in the gosoel.

(b) Leaven is always used figuratively of evil.

<1) Moses - (Exod 12:15)

(2) Christ - (Mk 8:15)

(3) Paul - (1 Cor 5:6-8)

73
 (8) Difficult to enter. (Matt 19:21-23)

(9) Certain features are called mysteries. (Matt 13)

(10) Is likened to little children. (Matt 18:3; 19:1:)

(ID Certain features are related to the Second Coming.

(Matt 2$:1-10)

Co Characteristics of the Kingdom of God:

(1) Also at hand. (Lk 10:9)

(2) Some of its features are also called mysteries.
(Mk lull)
(3) Only saved elements are in the Kingdom of God. The
new birth is essential for entry. (Jn 3:3-5; Matt 13:2h-3O; 22:l-lb)
(Il) Also partakes of rapid growth© (Mk h: 30-32) However,
note here that the birds are now shown in the shadow of the mustard tree -
not in the branches as in the kingdom of heaven.

(5) Also likened unto little children. (Mk 10:lh)

(6) Will come with nower. (Mk 9:1)
(7) Also difficult to enter. (Mk 10:23-2^)
(8) Christ expects to drink of the fruit of the vine with
the disciples in the Kingdom of God. (Mk llu2>)

(9) Certain blessings are given the righteous in the King-

dom of God o Some beatitudes apoly to the Kingdom of God. (Lk 6:20; Gal 5:21;
Enh 5:5)
(10) Also has satanic influences in it. (Mk h:30-32)
(11) Also characterized by leaven. (Lk 13:20-21)
(12) Characterized by righteousness and peace. (Rom Hi: 17)
(13) To be delivered to the Father. (1 Cor l$:2b)

(lb) To be inherited by incorruptible beings. (1 Cor 15:50)

7b
 d. Contrasts between the two kingdoms:

KINGDOM OF GOD KINGDOM OF THE HEAVENS

(God’s authority over those who are His) (Rule of the heavens over earth’

1. Universal Io earthly
2o Spiritual & inward 2. Organic & outward
3. Eternal 3* Temporal

God ’s overall
Authority

Realm of Possession

1. Angels - by creation
2* Abrahamic Descendents (covenent)
3* Church saints - redemption
lu Tribulation saints

’
1
x-h above
i
wheat I
I
\ good fish

\j

Realm of Profession (confessed Christiandom) /

Tares
bad fish
fowls (Satan his hordes)

75
I
 b. SERMON ON THE MOUNT - (Matt 5-7; Lk 6:17-h9)
a. Interpretations of the Sermon on the Mount:

(1) A way of salvation:

(a) This is generally the liberal view and is used
to show salvation by living up what is declared here. This is wrong view.

(b) This cannot be the way of salvation because the

Sermon on the Mount says nothing about justification, regeneration, the death
of Christ, or the Holy Spirit. ‘
(c) See the untrue (for this day) statement in Matthew}
6:l)i that says you can only have forgiveness from God if you forgive everyone I
else. This is not the message for the Church age but is written for another
age.

(d) The Lord’s Prayer helps shed some light on the

fact that this is for the Jews at the last half of the tribulation after the
AntiChrist breaks his covenent with them. Jews will then turn to God.

(2) It is Kingdom truth:

(a) While it has to be interpreted as belonging to
the kingdom age (Millennium), it is applicable at any time or age as approp­
riate, as part of the Word of God. Here are some reasons for believing the
Sermon on the Mount to be Kingdom truth:

Jews were expecting this kind of kingdom.

2 Christ is presented as a king in the opening
chapters of Matthew. Matthew is the gospel of the Jews. The Sermon on the
Mount is Christ’s first discourse so naturally a king’s first discourse to the
people would concern His kingdom©

3. Because Christ prohibits them from going to

the gentiles at this time. (Matt lC:£-7) He is still offering the Jews the
opportunity to accept Him as Messiah and have the Millennium ushered right in. i

hr
Because the 7__.forerunner
job of the v7_ ___the
(John
Baptist) was to prepare the way for the king and the kingdom.

5 Because of its context with kingdom teaching

before and after it.
6 r •*
of“ the
Because ‘
fact that it does not mention
the church, The Church is not mentioned until Matt 16 and then in a future
tense.

76
 77 Because of the character of the passage.
When some of the sermon teachings are compared with Scriptures directed at
the church age, there would seem to be conflicting doctrine and facts:

a Compare Matt 5:5 - Phil 3 :20

I
b Compare Matt 5:22 - Jn 5:2h
c. Compare Matt 6:lh-15 - Eph U:32

(b) When do people believe this is for?’

1 Some say future after the Church age.► Yet,
if future,
future why did Jesus tell the disciples to pray this way? Because Jesus
---------
offered them the kingdom which could have been ushered in immediately and the
Lord’s prayer would have been appropraite.
2 :If future, what was the point of entering
at that time of Christ’s words being spoken?
2 If future, how about references to divorce,
death, which are unknown in the Millennium?* Because the tribulation is to
prepare a people to receive their Messiah.
h Others say it is only for His day and age.
(c) Solution:

1 It is for both the tribulation and the Mill-

ennium.

2 It is for those who survive the tribulation

and enter the Millennium.

2 The word ”repentence” confused the hearers

of John the Baptist. Repentence was necessary to enter the kingdom.

• • h The message of the Sermon on the Mount will

to some extent be preached during the tribulation.

£ The sermon has a 2-fold meaning:

a It expresses the requirements for entry

into the kingdom. Enter the narrow gate (Matt 5:20) Righteousness must
exceed that of the Scribes (Matt 7:13) Do the Father’s will (Matt 7:21)

b It presents rules for living during the

-Ixllinnium. Bad thoughts are from Satan now. We are not responsible for them
unless we cultivate them since we did not ask for them. But bad thoughts
during the Millinnium will come from self, not satan.

77
 (3) It is for the Church today (most uopular view)
(a) Some say it is mainly for our life and behavior
today. Ironsides, Riley, Watson, and Hogg related it to the Church.
(b) However, the Church Epistles govern Christian
life and much of the direction in the epistles is different from the Kingdom
teaching. So we conclude that it was not written to the Churches.

b. Exposition of the Sermon on the Mount:

(1) Description of the Kingdom’s citizens: (Matt 5’1-16)

(a) Their marks: (Matt 5:1-12)

1. Poor in spirit - beggarly, onposite of proud.

2. Mourning - under heavy persecution, much death.

3. Meek - broken, yielded, surrendered to God.

h. Hungering and thirsting after righteousness.
■ 1- Merci ful
6. Pure in heart.

7. Peacemakers• compare Rom 12:18

8. Persecuted for righteousness1 sake.

(b) Their mission: (Matt 5:13-16)

1. They will be a preserving influence on the sar
earth, They are called “salt of the earth.” Salt is a preservative by its
very nature, Salt cannot do its job of preserving if it is impure and adult-
erated.
2 They will be a prominent witness in the world.
They are called the ’’city on the hill that cannot be hid.” (Matt 5:1b) They
are also called “light” which speaks of witness.
(2) Demands on the Citizens: (Matt 5:17-)i8)
(a) Preliminary concepts: (Matt 5:17-20) There are
two areas of consideration as we compare Mat:; 5:17 with Gal )j:h:

. 1. Christ lived under the Law but did not

subject Himself to those asnects of the Law which had lost significance»
2. The citizens were Jewish who knew the law.

78
 (b) Particular Commands; (Matt 5:21-26)
1. Law of murder: (Matt 5:21-26)

a. Thou shalt not kill means not to

murder. Destroying an enemy in the line of duty in the service of your
country is not murder by any stretch of the imagination.
b. Christ condemned the thoughts and
hatred leading to murder. The Pharisees condemned only the outward act.
£. Notice the path of progression (Matt 5:22)

-1. Angry, brings judgment of the

court.
-2. Raca, brings judgment of the
Sanhedrin.
Thou fool, brings judgment of God

d. Military service is an obligation.

2. Law Adultery; (Matt 5:27-30)
a. The Rabbis contended that the eye was
the cause of trouble.
b. Christ said the problem was in the heart.
(Matt 5:28)
C. In
. the Church age, we are not responsible
for adulterous thoughts placed in our minds by Satan.» The deed of adultery is
far worse than the thought today although in the Millennium they will be the
same thing.

3. Law of Divorce: (Matt 5:31-32; 19:3-12;

Mk 10:1-12; Lk 16:18; I Cor 7?9-)

a. The prevailing mind:

-1. They questioned Jesus as to His

interpretation of what Moses had said about cause for divorce in Deut 2h.
Moses had said divorce could be granted for uncleanness in a wife. (Deut 2h:l)

-2. In Jesus1 day, there were two

schools of thought concerning divorce:

—a. Shammai - granted for immor-

ality only.

-b. Hillel - for any reason.

79
 -3o They wanted to get Jesus to take
sides and trap him in a controversy.

b. The principles of the Master?

-1. This was not a simple question.
Jesus explained that Moses allowed divorce because of a man’s hardness of heart
toward his wife. (Matt 19:8)
-2. Jesus said it was not always that
way and the two schools of thought were now oneo

-3o Paul said not to divorce an unbe-

lieving mate. (I Cor 7:10-1$) He said don’t separate if you can tolerate the
mate and if you do separate, you had to do one of two things:

-a. Stay single.

-b. Go back to the mate and be
reconciled to live that kind of a life from then on. It was to be a once-for-
all decision. You can’t run away from him after every fight.

4i. Paul does not provide any grounds

for divorce and discourages separation.
-5* Jesus did not side with either school
of thought but simply referred back to the law.
c The problem of Matthew: (Matt 5:32)

-1. The problem is the inclusion of

the phrase "except for fornication." Does the Lord allow divorce for forni­
cation here and if so, what is fornication?

this gives grounds for

'-2.say____
Some
divorce. Some fundamentalists are included here. However, accepting this
view brings up two problems.
-a. You are contradicting Paul
and Luke who said "no grounds" if you accept this phrase for grounds.

-b. If you accept this Kingdom

teaching on divorce, what do you do about Justification, death of Christ as
atonement for sin, the new birth, etc., which are not mentioned in kingdom
teaching.

"3» Others say this does not give

grounds for divorce in the Church age• Paul settles the question by saying
not to separate, and if you separate, don’t divorce. (I Cor 7)

-h. What does Matthew mean by his

exception clause, "except for fornication"?

80
 -a. Clue is found in Acts 15:29*
There are three practices found here which are innocent to the Gentiles;
eating meat offered to idols, things strangled, and blood.
-bo These are forbidden to Jews
by the Law.
—c • Paul said not to do these
things because they are offensive to the Jewish Christians#
-d. The other practice mentioned
here is fornication, To the Jew, Fornication was incest (marriage within the
family) (Lev W The Gentiles had no law against family interrelations.

h. The law of NON-RSSISTENCS (Matt £:38-li2)

a. Insult (Matt 5:39) It is an insult to
strike in the face# You have every right to sock him back today but not in
the Kingdom#
b. Inconvenience (Matt 5:hO-hl) In the
Kingdom, when someone makes you go a mile, you must go the second mile will­
ingly#
c_. Injustice (Watt $:h0) When someone
takes part of your clothes, give them the rest willingly.
d. indigence (Matt 5=h2) In that day
you must give anyone anything they ask for, especially the poor#

5< Law of IDVEr (Matt 5:lih-li6)

(3) Deportment of the Kingdom’s Citizens: (Matt 6:1-7:12)

(a) Alms Giving: (Matt 6:l-h) If you give for the

praise of men, that will be your reward# Your reward will be determined by
your motive for giving.
(b) prayer: (Matt 6:5-15) Don’t be a gasbag. Don’t
pray long and loud for the praise of men. Do your praying in your closet in
the pattern of the lord’s prayer and don’t be like the heathen with va.in
repetitions.
(c) Fasting: (Matt 6:16-18) Not to be for the praise
of men. Don’t brag about it like tester Roloff.

1. The pattern - There is no requirement to

fast# But if you do it, don’t let anyone but God know about it.

81
 2. Fasting is not dieting.

3© Fasting cannot take the place of daily

devotions. You’ll be better off to have consistent daily devotions and
to make sure your life is clean to insure results.
(d) Money: (Matt 6:19-2h) Mammon refers to
money. There is nothing wrong with money but be sure to put your treasure
in the right place.

(e) Anxiety: (Matt 6:25-3h) God takes nerfect

care of the birds and lilies;^don ft worry about the future - trust God,
(f) Judging: (Matt 7:1-5)
1, We do judge everything today and rightly
so. Paul said the Spiritual man judgeth everything.
Christ is telling the hypocrite to not
judge by false standards he himself does not live by.

3, So - it’s the hypocrites who are not to

judge
(g) Discrimination: (Matt 7:6-12) Pearls were
not precious to the Israelites and they saw nothing wrong with casting
pearls before swine.

(h) Summary: Although this is for the Kingdom

age, it will work today. Be to others what we want them to be to us.
(L) Dangers to the Kingdom’s Citizens: (Matt 7:13-29)
(a) Two ways (straight gate k broad way)
(b) Two trees (good tree & corrupt tree)
(c) Two nrofessions (Not everyone that saith "Lord")
(d) Two foundations (sand & rook)

B, EXPOSITION OF THS SECOND PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE: (Lk 7:1-8)

1. Centurian’s Servant healed: In Canern.aum in Galilee (Lk 7:1-10)
a. Sick Servant - a trusted servant was sick nigh unto death.

b. Sincere’Soldier - Centuriian means captain of a hundred, This

Centurian believed Jesus could help and he sought Christs help.

82
 d# Surprised Saviour - Jesus expressed surprise at the extreme
faith of this Gentile. He told the people he had not found such faith in all
Israel. (Lk 7:9-10)
2# RAISING OF THE WIDOW’S SON: At Nain in Galilee (Lk 7:11-17)

a. Introduction:
(1) Luke is the only writer to record the raising of
any dead other than Lazarus, This helps prove his interest in medical
matters.
(2) This funeral procession was a common scene because
the Jews did not bury within city walls#

b# The compassionate Christ:

(1) The widow’s only son was dead#
(2) She is now without support#
c# The commanding Christ:
(1) He commanded the living - Ween not (Lk 7:13)
(2) He commanded the dead - Arise (Lk 7:lh)
(a) This got the crowd’s attention because the boy’s
body had already been prepared for burial and yet Christ touched the body and
made Himself ’’ceremonially unclean.”
(b) He snoke directly to the boy, “Young man, I say
unto 'Chee, Arise.”
d# The conquering Christ: The boy arose and talked with his
mother# (Lk 7:15)
e# The commenting crowd:

(1) Fear came upon them.

(2) They glorified God#

(3) Christ’s fame spread clear down into and throughout
Judea. (Lk 7:16-17)

3o John’s question and Jesus’ reply: (Matt 11:2-19)

“Art thou He that should come or do we look for another?”

83
 ao Concern of John:--
(1) There are 2 views as to why John sent the disciples
to get confirmation that Jesus was the Messiah:
(a) Some say John had never believed Jesus was the
Messiah but the miracles performed by Christ made him want to check it out.
(b) Others say his faith was wavering- while he was
in prison under the death sentence and sent his discioles to ask. (correct)

b. Credentials of Jesus:

(1) Jesus sent them back to show John what they had
seen and heard.
(2) This was a partial fulfillment of Isa 35J3,?,6.

(3) These miracles Droved Christ was the Old Testament

prophesied Messiah..
c. Confession of Jesus: Concerning the importance of John
the Baptist*
(1) The crowd beard the exchange of conversation between
Jesus and John’s disciples and may have lost some faith in Join.
(2) Jesus said in respect to John, "...There hath not
risen a greater than John the Baptist..." (Matt 11:11)
(a) He might have been comparing John with New
Testament Christians of today but that is not believed to be a fair compar­
ison.
(b) The correct meaning of the word "greater” is
that Jesus is comparing John as the announcer of the Kingdom and the Kingdom
itself•

(3) The violence mentioned in Matt 11:12 is the rejection

of the Kingdom by the nation.
(a) "And from the days of John the Baptist until
now, the kingdom of heaven suffereth violence, and the violent take it by
force."

(b) The key is acquisition; that the violent will

try to acquire it by force but will fail.
h. Woes of the Cities of Chorizim, Bethsaida, and Capernaum.
(Matt 11 r2O-2h)

8h
 5o Christ’s Prayer and claim for Himself: (Matt 11:2^-31)
a® Jesus prayed and declared that no man could know the
Father except through the Son. (Matt 11:25-30)
b® He ruled out other religions as a way to Godo Christ was
no ecumenic alist.
c® Christ’s ministry gradually changed from a national to a
personal one between chanters 11 and 13 of Matthew.

(1) He had aimed his ministry at the lost sheep of the

house of Israel but Israel had progressively rejected Him®
(2) He now directs His invitations to individuals
(Matt 11:28-30)
6® The Ministering Women: (Lk 8:1-3)
a® He was ministered to by Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Susanna
and many others®

bo There is no gosuel record of any woman ever being hostile

to Christ or opposing His work®

C. INSTRUCTION - A DAY OF TEACHING:

lo A Blasphemous Accusation: (Mk 3:19-30)
ao The controversy about the "unpardonable" sin:
(1) Cause of the controversy - (The word "unpardonable
is not a Scriptural wordFJ The "controversy~wascaused by:
(a) The condition of the man: (Matt 12:22)

1 Demon-possessed, blind and mute®

£ He was an impossible case because he could not

communicate®

2 This was the first time Christ healed all three

of these cases together®

(b) The cure of the man: Christ cast out the demon
and healed the man, who immediately saw an3 s”poke®

(2) The charge of the controversy:

85
 (a) The Accusation: That Christ cured by the power
of Beelzebub, the Phoenician god of all filth; that Beelzetub was withdrawing
his demon as a personal favor to Jesus. (Matt 12:2h)

(b) The Answer:

1. Jesus asked, "How can Satan cast out Satan?11

(Matt 12:26)
2. He told them He was no more casting out demons
by Beelzebub’s power than their professional demon-casters were. (Matt 12:28)

(3) The Conclusion:of the controversy:

The King has come with evidence of power. (Mk 3:22)

(a) His friends heard about what He said and thought

he was insane. They went to lay hold of him to shut him up by himself until
he regained his senses. (Mk 3:21)

(b) He spoke to them in parables- leading up to the

statements about ’’blasphemy against the Holy Spirit."

1. Actually, there is no such thing as a sin

of any type that cannot be pardoned or Christ’s atoning death could not be
said to forgive all sin. This has to be kept in its historical context.
2. The word "blasphemy” is no help in under­
standing the passage because This word simply means to speak light of©

3» This warning of blasphemy against the Holy

Spirit is only mentioned in the gospels and may have been for a situation
existing only when Christ was in His earthly ministry.
a. This warning is not found in any of
the epistles to the Churches.
b. 'The Bible does not say that anyone
ever committed this sin of blasphemy against the Holy Spirit.
h. ’There is a sin unto (physical) death but
we do not know from Scripture-what it is;o Perhaps it is not- any specific
sin but just the act of the individual when God gives up on him and takes
him home out of the way of the work of Christ.
(li) The Character of the”unpardonable sin”:
(a) It is directed against the Spirit in attr5.huting
the work of the Holy Spirit to Satan.

(b) It is determined by a special situation, Two

things are evident at the time Jesus spoke the warning:

86
 1. Christ had just performed a miracle.

2. Christ was physically present here on the

earth in His earthly ministry.

(c) It is damning to the soul, There is no forgive-

ness at any time for the one committing it. (Mk 3:29)

2. The mysteries of the Kingdom of Heaven: (Matt 13)

a. The Character of the Chapter:

(1) Contains seven parables. Parables were used to emphasize

(a) Spiritual truth.

(b) Natural truth.

(2) The reason for giving parables is stated in this chap­

ter: (Matt 13:10-11)
(a) To reveal truth to believers.
(b) To conceal truth to unbelievers.
b. The Context of the Chapter: Addressed to Jews in the
Jewish Gospel of Matthew.
(1) Christ had gone to the House of Israel and offered
the Kingdom (Sermon on the Mount) to the Jews and had been rejected.

(2) Matt 13:1 represents His turning from the House of

Israel to the seashores of humanity and offering a kingdom to the world.

(3) His description turns from a kingdom the Jews under­

stood from prophecy in the Old Testament to a mystery kingdom which had to be
described in parables.

(h) He will never again describe the kingdom as "near."

c. The Concent taught in the Chanter: "Professed Christendom"

(1) He is now speaking of a kingdom with mysterious aspects,
not the prophesied kingdom for Israel.
(2) He is taking a revealed (understood) truth and is
changing it into a mystery so that some may know and some may not.

(3) Christ says this mysterious kingdom is similar to diff­

erent things as mustard seed, leaven, wheat and tares, etc.

87
 (h) The mystery form of the kingdom will exist from then
until the end of the age of Israel or specifically to the end of the Tribul­
ation period© (Matt 13:39)

(5) The kingdom Christ is referring to in Matthew 13 is

It is
the realm of ’’profession,” which symbolizes ’’professed Christendom.” IL 1- not
the Kingdom of God but involves- all who make a profession.

d. The Content of the Chapter: Parables

(1) The Sower sowing the Seed: (Matt 13:1-23)

(a) The interpretation - Many received the Word tut

only one in four brought forth fruit. This parable mentions three kinds of
hearers of the Word:

1. Hasty hearers - no root

2. Handicapped hearers * no room

3. Honest hearers - no rejection.

(b) The sower - the Lord Jesus Himself.

(2) The Wheat and Tares: (Matt 13:2h-3O; 36-h3)

(a) Identification - Wheat and tares are difficult to
tell apart by man©

(b) Interpretation - They will grow together during

this age and man is not to separate them; God will do the separating. The
rapture will determine who is wheat and who is tare.

(3) The Mustard Seed: (Matt 13:31-32)

(a) Identification - The sower of the Mustard Seed
is Christ and the field is the world.

(b) Interpretation - This is a picture of the phenom*

enal outgrowth of the kingdom after its small start with Christ and a handful
of disciples.

88
 (c) The roots of this plant are in the ground *
rooted infthis earth, making it an ’’earthly kingdom.”
(d) This is the first parable not interpreted by
Christ, so we must interpret it by the two He did interpret.
(e) The birds lodging in the branches represent
evil persons and evil doctrine being present in the kingdom.

(h) The Leaven: (Matt 13-33)

(a) Identification:
1 The meal refers to the truth. Meal comes
from the wheat (good seed). Good seed produces the truth and the meal.
2 Leaven is always symbolic of evil in the Old
Testament. Leaven causes fermentation, mold, deterioration. (Lev 2:11;
6:17; 10:12) It was to be separated from them. ”A little leaven leaveneth
the whole lump” (I Cor £:6; Gal 5:9).
3 ”The woman” is always used in Scripture to
represent error and misjudgment. Her heart rules her head. See Scofield’s
note on page 1016.

a. She hid the leaven (evil, error) in the

good seed (truth).
b. Leaven ruins that which is good, The
people involved in erroneous doctrine have trouble seeing truth.
(b) Main point * Evil doctrine will permeate and
infiltrate the kingdom. The modernists say leaven is the Gospel and meal is
the world but this view holds that the world is getting better. Not so.

(5) Hidden Treasure: (Matt{13:hh)

(a) The treasure is Israel (Ex 19:5)

(b) Hid in a field, dispersed in the world.

(c) Found by the man Christ. He sold all He had and

bought the field. Christ died for the world as well as Israel.
(d) He got the treasure (Israel) by buying the world
the treasure was in.
(e) Main point - Christ died that Israel (Jews) might
be saved today.

89
 (6) Pearl of Great Price: (Matt 13:h6)

(a) Identification:

1. A pearl to a Jew was worthless.

2. The man was Christy

3. Pearls come from the sea (the sea represents

nations and humanity).

h. The nearl was the Church, of no value to the

Jews because it was composed of gentiles,> It is composed of all nations and
peoples.
(b) Main point - Christ purchased the Church*

(7) Dragnet of Fishes: (Matt 13:li7-$O)

(a) The emphasis is on separation* Angels will do
the separating of the bad from the good.
(b) The entire book of Matthew must be interpreted
by these seven parables.

PROFESSED' j
KINGDOM___ MYSTERY FORM 1 CHRISTENDOM \ POSSESSORS PROFESSQBg^
Israel knew Israel did not , Both kingdoms > raptured Tribulation
about it. know of the | grow together.
Church.

D. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE DAY OF MIRACLES:

1. Stilling of the Tempest; (Mk h:35-hl; Mt 8:18, 23-27)

a* The Person of Christ:
(1) He rebuked the waves and the sea became calm* The
Greek word indicates ’’Get peaceful and stay that way.” (Mk L»:39)

(2) Disciples had questioned His care for them. (Mk Li :38)
(3) This indicated His power over the elements*

90
 b> The Presence of Christ: He exhorted them about two things:
(1) Their fear (Mk h:hO) There are two kinds of fear:

(a) Terror (vs 38)

(b) Respect (vs hl)
(2) Their faith, its size and its object•
2. Healing of the Demoniac: (Mk 5:1-20)
a. The Demon Spirits:
(1) Demon possession is not epilepsy as many claim.
(2) Gospel writers mentioned demon possession with
physical illnesses but they do distinguish between them. Jesus healed the
sick and cast out demons. He knew the difference and so did theyT (Matt h:2b;
Mk 1:3b; Matt (T:T6)
(3) Christ spoke of demon-possessed as one in bonds of an
evil apirit and addressed the demons, not the man. (Mk 1:2$)
(h) Christ did not fall in with the current notions of His
day - He said ’’Heal the sick, cast out demons.” (Matt 10:8)
(5) Because a person had a certain malady, it did not mean
to the Jews that the person was demon-possessed. They brought a dumb man who
was possessed (Matt 9:32) and a blind and dumb who was possessed (Matt 12:22).
(6) Christ could distinguish between demon-possession and
mental illness.
b. Destruction of the Swine: (Lk 8:29-36)
(1) The demons asked to enter the swine and the swine went
crazy and plunged into the sea.
(2) There are several views on this:
(a) The story is a myth, some say.
(b) The story of the swine is a myth.

(c) The story is true but the hogs accidently drowned.

(d) Christ convinced the men the cure was complete by

the destruction of the hogs.
(e) What are Jews doing with hogs anyway?1 So Jesus
was destroying them under the law. At any rate, the owners did not complain.

91
 3. Healing of Two blind Men and a Dumb Demoniac: (Matt 9:27-3h)

a# Jesus healed them and forbid them to tell anyone#

b. Opening blind eyes and casting out demons were the credentials
of His Messiahship and He didn’t want any further opposition stirred up.
c. People would not believe the men anyway.

E. THIRD PREACHING TOUR:

1. Second Rejection at Nazareth: (Lk 9:6)

2. Third Tour

3< Mission of the Twelve: (Matt 9:36-11:1)

a# The motive behind their being sent - great harvest and few
laborers•
bo The men themselves * the twelve apostles could heal sick and
cast out demons.
c. Their mission - Go to the lost sheep of the House of Israel
healing sick, etc.

d. Their power - to substantiate their message*

e* Their provision (Matt 9'”!$) * Everything they would need

would be provided along the way. Nothing extra was to be taken because they
were offering the kingdom message.

f• Their persecution ( 16-33) These instructions are for

martyrs - not pastors and teachers, Be prepared today, dont expect God to
fill our mouths without preparation.

g» Their
__ promise (Matt 10:2h-) God will provide for us as for
the sparrows and lilies.7 God knows even about the numbered hairs on our heads.
This is kingdom Millennial truth although true today.
(Missing material the professor did not have time to cover in the semester)
F. CULMINATION:
1. Crisis at Capernaum;
2. Feeding o-f the $000 (Jn 6)
3* Christ retired to pray?

92
 11. Peter walking on the water.
Discourse on the Bread of Life: (Jn 6:22-71) This event follows
the feeding of the 5000 which is the only miracle mentioned in all four
gospels*
a* The seekers, for profit - (Jn 6:22-27) Jesus told them they
were only following because of the" free 'food handout of the day before* Don’t
expect to build a following for Jesus with free cheeseburgers and good luck
charms J (Jn 6:26)

b. The seekers for power - (Jn 6:28)

c* The seekers for popularity - (Jn 6:30-33)
d. The seekers for pleasure - (Jn 6:3u-66)
e* The seekers for pardon - (Jn 6:67-71)

III - THE CONCLUSION OF THE MINISTRY.- Mk 7:2).i-9:5O; Mt 15:21-18:35; Lk 9:18-50;

jn 7:1^7)
A. WITHDRAWAL INTO WDRTHERN GALILEE: (Mk 7:2h-8:26; Mt 15:21-16:12)
1. Healing of the Syrophoenician woman’s daughter: (Mk 7:2h-3O)
The basic theme is prayer.
a. The request - (Mk 7;2)j-3O; Matt 15:21-28)

(1) directed to right person, Christ as ”Son of David”.

(2) a definite request for a specific thing. "Heal my
demon-possessed daughter.”

(3) a determined request; was made 3 times.

(h) It was dispensations!; she learned the priority of the
Jew*

b* The response - Jesus said ’’Great is thy faith.”

3. Feeding of the hOOO (not 5000):: (Matt 15:32-39; Mk 8:1-9)
a. They were to sit on ground - 5000 sat on grass.
b. They had 7 loaves - 5000 had 5 loaves.
c. 7 baskets left over - 5000 had 12 left over.
d* Christ’s recorded words are different.

93
 e. According to Greek text, the words for "baskets" are two
different words. In one instance it means a little food basket. In the other
it is a big tub-like container.

f. It took place in Decapolis - 5000 was in Bethsaida.

B. tf)RDS OF INSTRUCTION: (Mk 6:27-29; Mt 16:13-17; 23; Lk 9:18-h5)
1. Peter’s Confession (Matt 16:13-20)

a. The circumstances

(1) The place - Caesarea Philippi, the idol center of

Israel at this time.

(2) The people - Christ and His disciples.

(3) The oroblem - Christ asked "Who am I?” (Matt 16:13)
(a) The varied opinion showed the varied ministry that
had people confused of His identity.

(b) The disciples were asked for their opinion.

b. The confession of Peter -

(1) He recognized the anointed Christ, the Old Testament

Messiah.
(2) He recognized Christ's unique relationship to God,
’’Thou art the Christ, the Son of the Living God.” (Matt 16:16) He used three
definite Greek articles here. The word the means one of a kind:

U) The Christ
(b) The Son
(c) The living God.
c. The Charge - (Matt 16:17-20)
(1) The revelation - God had revealed it to Peter through
His Son, he had not gotten the revelation through flesh and blood.

(2) The rock - (Matt 16:18) Four interpretations?

(a) Peter was the rock - but the Church was certainly
not built on a man, especially a wishy-washy man like Peter. Paul called him
a hypocrite in Gal 2:lh. No man can be a strong enough foundation.

9h
 (b) The apostles were the rock - but rock is singular;
not plural.

(c) Peters confession is the rock - but a statement

is no stronger than the individual who made it.

(d) Christ is the rock. This is the meaning of rock.

1. Rock is used for God 3h times in O.T.

2. Rock is never used for man.

3. Peter calls Christ the stone (l Pet 2:6).

U. Peter calls Christ the foundation (I Cor 3:11).

5. Peter means Petros, a small pebble while rock

A .* ■' " ‘ — I-' ~

means Petra, a Gibralter-like clilf

----- ©

6. ’’Upon this rock I will build my assembly.

This is first time ’’assembly” is used for the Church. Assembly is used 5 ways
in the Bible and this is the f^rst time it signifies ownership.

'7.' and the gates of hell (hades) shall not

prevail against my assembly...”*

a. Hades is the Greek counterpart of Hebrew

"Sheol."
b. 'Paradise was a compartment of hades or
Sheol until Christ took it to Heaven with Him.
c. The New Testament Saint doesn’t go through
hell (hades, Sheol) but now goes straight to Heaven.

d. The Old Testament saint feared death because

the devil had the power of death then. (God forbid Satan to take Job’s life but
allowed him to take lives of all Job’s family)
e. The Lord takes life now.
(3) The responsibility for the keys:
(a) The keys of the Kingdom of Heaven (Matt 16:16-19)
What do people believe Jesus meant by assigning the keys to Peter?

1. Peter has the right to let people in or out

of the Church. not so.

2. Peter has the right to let people in or keen

them out of Heaven.

95
 3. Keys refers to knowledge and baptisih.

h. Keys refers to the preaching of the gospel.

Keys refers to the figure of opening something
up. Keys show authority. The real meaning is that Peter had the authority
to present the Gospel to the group of Jews, then to the Samaritans (half-Jews),
and then to the Gentiles in Acts.

6. The disciples never recognized any supremacy

of Peter over them.

(b) The authority to bind or loose(Matt 16:19; 18:18)

is given to the Church which is to express the authority of God.

2. Christ foretells His_death, burial, and resurrection: (Mark 8:31-37;

Matt 16:21-26; Lk 9:22-29)
a. Jesus said "Dont tell others I am the Christ” (Matt 16:20)
b. Luke said in parallel account that Jesus would suffer many
things as the Son of Man.
c. They would not understand the Messiah’s death so He was not
to be identified.

3. Missing
h. Transfiguration of Christ: (Mk 9:2-8; Matt 17:1-8; Lk 9:28-36)
a. This was promised in Matt 16:28 and II Pet 1:16-18 sheds
more light on the experience.

b. The main point is that this is not the glorification of the

Son of God but a revealing of His deity. His glorification came after the
resurrection. It had been necessarily veiled during His ministry.
c. The transfiguration was a perfect picture of the Kingdom to
come.
d. Peter suggested that 3 tabernacles be built on the snot -
one for Elijah, one for Moses, and one for Jesus. This lowered Jesus to their
level and God rebuked and silenced Peter, "Listen to my Son.”

e. The truth of verse 8 is that they could only see Jesus after
God identified Him. They saw no man, save Jesus only.

f. Moses and Elijah may be the two witnesses in Revelation.

5. Coming down fi*6m the Mountain: (Mk 9:9-13; Matt 17:6-13; Lk 9:36)
a. Jesus said ’’Tell the vision to no man until the Son of man
be risen” (Matt 17:9)
96
 aa b. The question in verse 10 is about Malachi li:5« The disciples
wandered where Elijah was if this was the kingdom.

c. Christ’s answer (vs 11) was that Elijah has already come
unrecognized. He was speaking of John the Baptist.
(1) John was asked if he was Elias and he answered "no. H
So Christ meant that John was doing a job like Elijah was to do before the
kingdom, that of preparing the way of the Lord.

(2) John would become Elijah if Israel had accepted the

kingdom. (Matt 11:1b)

6. Demoniac Boy Healed: (Matt 17:lli-29)

a. The disciples could not cast out this demon and his father
15')
brought him to Christ and asked for mercy, (vs 15)
b. Jesus rebuked and cast out the demon*
c. Disciples could not do so because of their unbelief. (Vs 20)

SECTION 6 - LATER JUDEAN MINISTRY (Lk 9:51-13:21; Jn 7:10-10:39)

Io TO JERUSALEM (Lk 9:51-62; Jn 7:10) He could no longer walk openly in Judea.

A. DEPARTURE (Jn 7:10) Christ did not go to Feast with his brethren tut wen
secretly because they didn’t fully believe in Hirn.

B. THE PERICOPE OF THE ADULTEROUS TOMAN (Jn 7:53-8:11) Is it Scripture?

1. Evidences against it belonging in John’s Gospel:

a. Poorly supported by manuscript evidence; in fact, the oldest

and best does not include it.
b. Does not occur in any Greek manuscript before 8th century
except in one highly suspicious 5th century manuscript.

c. No one quotes this incident by John until about the hth

century.

d. Internal evidences cause it to be rejected:

(1) This portion is unjewish.
(2) The procedure for handling the sin of adultery is not
known in the ancient world.

97
 “A 2. Evidences for it belonging in John’s Gospel:
a. Augustine says in lith century that some had removed it from
their bibles because it might give license for adultery to their wives.
b. Jerome said in lith century that it was in many Greek and
Latin manuscripts.
Conclusion - Practically all scholars today accept it as an
actuality in Christ’s life but don’t accept it as part of John’s Gospel.

C. Missing
D. HEALING OF THE MAN EDRN BLIND (Jn 9:l-hl)
1. Discussion (Jn 9:1*5)
a. Occasion - Disciples asked questions.
b. Object - Who did sin in this case?

(1) Did parents sin causing son’s blindness?

(2) Did the man sin before birth? Jews believed an over­
active fetus on the Sabbath Day was sinning and God would punish it. by some
ailment.

Co (Outcome
_____ - Christ said neither had sinned, this was that the
works of God could be made manifest.

2. Demonstration (Jn 9:6-12) The Lord made spittle mud and after
applying it to his eyes, sent him to wash in the Pool of Siloam.
a. The character * the work of the Lord.
b. The carrying out of it - required a great deal of faith.
Co Conclusiveness - The man was healed.

3. Disputation (Jn 9:13-hl)

a. Reaction

(1) Pharisees doubted the miracle.

(2) Parents didn’t want to get involved and told them to
ask the boy.

(3) The man said he knew he was blind but could now see.

9S
 b. Results involved -

(1) They kicked him out of the synagogue but the man
did not care. (Jn 9:3h)
(2) He got saved (Jn 9:38)

(3) Jesus condemned the Pharisees (Jn 9:hl).

D. THE GOOD SHEPHERD (The 23rd Psalm of the New Testament) (Jn 10:1-21)

1. Christ the True Shepherd (Jn 10:1-6)

a• A sheepfold in those days had only 1 door.

many
intermingling < one door
flocks

b© 'The. fold is representative

. . of apostate Judaism© Christ said
others have crept in (thieves and robbers).

c© The hirelings represent false teachers in Judaism*

d© The shepherd comes for his flock to the door and the porter
lets them out.
e. The true shepherd leads them out of the sheepfold (apostate
Judaism) by calling them by name.

f© The ’’other fold” which has sheep in it is apostate Gentilism©

He also leads his sheep out of that fold.

2. Christ the Good Shepherd (Jn 10:7-11)

3. Christ the Only Shepherd (Jn 10:12-16)

b. Christ the Obedient Shepherd (Jn 10:17-21)
III - IN JUDAEA (Lk 10:1-13:21,- Jn 10:22-39)

A. MISSION OF THE SEVENTY (Lk 10:l-2h) Sent into highways and byways.

99
 B. GOOD SAMARITAN (Lk 10:25-37

1. We see three types of people involved:

a. Beater-Uppers (thieves)

b< Passer-Uppers (priest and Levite)

c. Picker-Uppers (Good Samaritan)

2. This is preparing the Jews for the idea that Gentiles are being
brought into the kingdom.

C, D, E, F, G, H missing

Io PARABLE OF THE BARREN FIG TREE; (Lk 13:1-9)

lo Christ was the "certain man."

2. The fig tree was the priesthood, not Israel (Israel was a vine)

1. The fig tree was planted in Christ’s vineyard, A vineyard was a

place of special care

h. It did not bear fruit, however well it was tended. The priesthood
produced nothing during Christ’s ministry and led the nation against Christ.

SECTION 7 - PERAEAN MINISTRY (Mk 10:1-52; Mt 19:l-2O:3h; Lk 13:22-19:28;

Jn 10:h0-12:Iir
Co DISCOURSE AT A PHARISEE'S TABLE (Lk lhsl-2h)

1. Dramatic Incident - Christ healed a man on the Sabbath day.

a. He came to serve man whenever man needed help.

be Jews did nothing on the Sabbath and criticized Jesus for

doing good on Sabbath.

c. Jesus said the Sabbath was to serve man; not otherwise, He

came to save man from this binding of the Law.

d. Pharisees were determined to hinder man by:

(1) Opposing Christ.

(2) 0pressing men.

100
 2. A Startling Indictment by Christ (Lk lb:7-lli)
a. Against bad manners (Lk lh:7-ll)

(1) He criticised the guests for scrambling for the

honored seats at the head of the table.
(2) He said to take the lowest seat that you may be invited
to higher seats.
bo Against bad motives (Lk lh:12-lh)
(1) They had invited only those who could pay them back.
(2) Jesus said invite the poor, lame, and halt who could
not nay back the favor.
(3) He even criticised the host for his poor hospitality.

3. Pertinent Illustration (Lk lh:15-2h)

a. Invittion Rejected - Three were invited (vs 15-20) but they
made silly excuses and did not accept.
(1) They made excuses- which centered around the three main
areas of life. These are the same excuses' given today.
(a) earthly possessions - had a niece of ground.
(b) labor (job) - 5 yoke of oxen to try out.
(c) natural affection - married a wife.
(2) These kept the men away from the marriage supper.
b. Invitation Received - (21-21?)
(1) Workers went into the hyways and byways to compel them
(Gentiles) to come into his home (Kingdom of God).
(2) Salvation is a gift which is extended by invitation.
D. TOST SHEEP, TOST SILVER, SON (Lk 15:1-32)
lo Lost Sheep? Cause of Man*3 Condition (Lk 15:3-7)
a. The sheep wandered away helpless to return.
b. Christ the shepherd sought, found, and brought it home.
c. Friends and neighbors rejoiced at the find.

101
 2. Lost silver: Condi tipn of Man (Lk 15:8-10)

a. Lost in a dark place of filth and dirt - emblematic of the

broom. Unable to return of himselfo
bo See the work of the Holy Spirit searching (lighted candle)®

3. Lost Son: Cure of Man’s Condition (Lk 15:11-32)

a. Sinning Son (Lk 15:ll-2h)

(1) His personality was brought on by sino He was:

(a) A Rebel (vs 12) against godly home, father, govt.

(b) A Renegade - He wouldn’t face his problem, ran away.

____ - Wasted his Substance in riotous living

(c) A Rioter
The word means headstrong, stubborn, This is pushing free will as far as; it
will go and it affected his personality.

(2) Punishment was brought on by his sin.

(a) He was penniless. (vs Ih)

(b) He was friendless, (vs 16)

(c) He was shameless (a Jew feeding hogs, eating husks

even the hogs would not eat), (vs 15)

(3) Pent ta nee brought on by sin:

(a) He used his head. He cane to himself and said

"I have sinned.” (vs 17)

(b) He used his will. "I will arise and go to my

father” (vs 18)

He used his feet. "He went back" (vs 21)

(d) He used his mouth. He confessed.

(e) He used his heart. "...no more worthy to be thy

son.

b. Self-Righteous Brother (Lk 15:25-32)

(1) The brother who stayed home is typical of Scribes and

Pharisees - the prodigal was typical of publicans and sinners.

102
 (2) He represents Judaism, has many misunderstandings:
(a) In regard to Labor - He had been working for his
father for merit (Lk 15:29) and could not understand nor appreciate his wayward
prodigal brother finding grace without works.

(b) In regard to Love - He misunderstood the love

the father had for the prodigal and the father's joy at the son’s return (vs 32).
He was jealous of the prodigal and called him "thy son" instead of "my brother.”
(c) In regard to Liberty - The father told him that
everything he had was his so don’t begrudge the prodigal a robe, ring, shoes,
and calf, Israel had everything and were still jealous of Gentiles being taken
in.
I (d) In regards to Life - He condemned the wealth of
the father being shared with the prodigal and wished the prodigal were dead.
He wanted to share his father’s wealth with his friends, not with the father.
E, F-Missing
G. RAISING OF LAZARUS (Jn ll:l-hh)
1. Outstanding Facts:

a. Only recorded in John.

b. Last of the pre-resurrection miracles recorded by John.
John had recorded 7 signs concerning Jesus being the Son of God.
c. Climax of the raisings from the dead.

(1) Lazarus had been dead h days. Others had been raised
the same day. (Jews always buried the same day without embalming available).
(2) The h day wait was not accidental but was significant.
Jews believed the spirit hovered around the body for 3 days hoping to reenter
and then departed.

(?) Jesus waited until all hope was gone and death was well
established by stench, etc.

d. Described in greater detail than any other raising.

2. Outline of Events:
a. Christ the Dispeller of Dread (Jn 11:1-16)
(1) Disciples were afraid to go back to Judaea. He tested
them to see if they’d trust him (Jn 11:7-10).
(2) He announced that Lazarus was ’’dead." Not asleep.

103
 b. Christ the dispeller of Doubt (Jn 11:17-37)

(1) Of Martha, by voice (Jn 11:23-27)

(2) of Mary, by miracle (Jn 11:28-)

c. Christ the dispeller of Death (Jn ll:38-?ih)

(1) Grave sealed by stone:

(a) "Take ye away the stone#11

(b) Practical Martha said, ”He stinks.”

(c) They took it away.

(2) The supplication to God by Christ (Jn Il:hl-!|2)

(3) Lazarus arose at Christ’s command. (Jn H:h3-hli)

(h) The Sign - indicated Christ’s cower over death (accomp­

lished by the voice of GoT)

d> Reaction to the Miracle (Jn ll:h5->)-i)

(1) Many of the Jews believed on Jesus (vs hj?)

(2) Hit some went to tell the Pharisees (Jn U:h6)

II. THROUGH SAMARIA AND GALILEE (Lk 17:11-18:1)4)

A, B, Missing

C. TO PARABLES ON PRAYER (Lk 18:1-1).!)

1. The lady had an unjust Judge who finally avenged her because she
pestered him until he couldn’t stand her any more.

2. This is not why we are to pray for something over and over. It
is not to weary God until He finally gives in, but that the prayer does us good.

Ill Missing

IV. TOWARDS JERUSALEM:

10l|
 THE VINE AND THE ERANCHES

John
This is a misunderstood portion of Scripture which some feel teaches that
one can lose his salvation and be cut off from Christ. It is important to
know the real meaning of the characters and items described.
A. God is the husbandman* He cares for the Vine and His main concern is
for the branches.
B* Jesus' is the Vine* The branches are connected to the vine*

C. We are the branches* The branches always bear the fruit*

I. THE WORK OF THE FATHER: Husbandman.

„ branch in me that teareth not fruit he taketh (in the Greek,

A* ’"Every
(Jn 15>':2)
it says "raised up”) away:•»’ (.Tn

B. This should say that the God raises-; up the branch that isnt bearing
fruit and brushes off the dirt and gives it special care* God is not interested
in destroying a nonproductive branch but in making it a productive branch. He
does not cut it off from the vine. Verse 6 is also a mistranslation along this
line*
. i
C. In verse 2, He prunes the branch which is bearing only a little fruit.
This means cutting off things not essential to bearing fruit. This branch can
then bring forth much fruit (vs 5).

II. THE WORK OF THE SON: The Vine

A. (vs h) Jesus said "Abide in Me, and I in you." This means stay where
you belong. A branch cannot cast itself off.

1. The branch cannot tear fruit apart from the vine*

2. If you are where you belong, youjll bear much fruit* Without
Him, you can do nothing.
B. (vs 6) "If a man abide not in me, he is cast forth as a branch, and
is withered; and men gather them, and cast them into the fire, and they are
burned*”

1. This refers to unsaved men.

2. They are cast forth as a branch) they are not branches.

3* "men” should be "angels” and” them" should be "things” referring

to the judgment of works.

10£
1

!
i

THE DAY OF CRUCIFIXION

A. TRADITIONAL VIEW - Friday.

1. Outline of that view:

a. 9 A.M. placed on the cross.

b. 3 P.M. died and removed.

c. Before 6 P.M. buried. (Jewish days began at 6 P.M. Sabbath

day was 6 P.M. Friday to 6 P.M. Saturday.)

d. Sunday A.M. - rose from the dead.

2. Two fatal objections- to this view:

a. Christ’s words in Matt 12 :h0 about Jonah being in the belly

of the whale 3 days and 3 nights. Christ said He would he 3 days and three
nights in the heart of the earth.

(1) Jews reckoned any part of a day to be considered a

day so this does^ give Friday-Saturday-Sunday.

(2) But it does not give 3 nights.

(3) Some use the 3 hours of darkness- to make another night

but this is not correcto

b. The events between death and burial:

(1) There were too many things that took place between His
death and burial to have been done within a 3-hour period (at least 20 things).

(2) Embalming took time, Jews, never embalmed or mummified

bodies- as the Egyptians did.

(a) The spices were for burning, not for embalming.

(b) Jews- washed the body and wrapped it in perfumed

swaddling clothes.

B. WEDNESDAY VIEW: (On the cross' at 9, died at 3)

lo This gives 3 full days and nights, they say, before the Sabbath.

2. But remember that the Jews had Sabbaths on other- days than just
Saturdayso

3. This particular Sabbath following Jesus 1 death was a high day

(Jn 9:19).
u. Most fundamentalists believe Wednesday was the day.

106
 cL THURSDAY VIEW:
1. This gives 3 days and nights.
2. This could have been the day.
SUMMARY The day of the week is not so significant as the fact that He did die.

107
 THE OLIVET DISCOURSE - (Matt 2h-2$)

The question is - When does the rapture take place in relation to these chanters?
I - PRE-MILLENNIAL VIEWS ON THESE CHAPTERS:

A. THE POST-TRIBULATION RAPTURE: They believe the rapture takes place

after the tribulation.

1. They say Matt 2h:29-30 pictures the rapture after the tribulation.

2. Disciples had asked (Matt 2h :3) when the age (law) would end. Jesus
answered at end of tribulation (which is law, not grace since grace ended at the
rapture•

3. They say Matt 2li:lh-l$ is a picture of the Church in the Tribulation

period.

. h. They say Matt 16-29 is persecution which Christians in Palestine must

go through.

B. THE MED-TRIBULATION RAPTURE:

1. They put the rapture at verse lb.

2. They say the first lb verses are the first 3i years of tribulation
which the Church goes through and that tbrses 1$-31 show the last 3i years.
This view gets its support from Revelation.

C. THE PARTIAL RAPTURISTS:

1. They say Matt 2b:)iO-hl pictures the faithful being raptured and the
backslidden being left for later.

2. This is the most serious of the 3 errors because it questions God’s

grace•
D. THE PRE-TRIBULATION RAPTURE:

1. There are two groups:

a • Some see the church age in Matt 2h:h—8 and the rapture at vs 9*
Then 9-1) i shows the first half and l$-foilowing the last half of the tribulation.

b. Others say the rapture is not even mentioned in Matt 2h-2$.

They say vs h-lh is the first half and 15-on is the last half of tribulation.

2. The truth of the Olivet Discourse:

a. Matt 2h-25 doesn’t deal with the Church but the return of
Christ for the benefit of Israel as a nation, Therefore, the following points
should be noticed:

(1) The age of law deals with the nation of Israel.

108
 {2) Wars and rumors of wars came affter the Anti-Chri.st
has culled off the miracle of world peace.
{3) At mid-trib, Antichrist breaks his covenant with the
J�ws (beginning of sorrows, vs 8).
(!,) Vs 13 is physical salvation.
(5) Vs ll_1 says Kingdom gospel.
(6) Vs 15 goes backwards to mid-tribulation.
(7) Vs 21 shows the greatest Jewish persecution since the
cegirming of the earth.
(8) Vs 27 shows Jesus coming suddenly.
(9) Vs 29 relates to the seals in Revelat�on shortening the
days cy 1/3 length.
(10) Vs '30 Christ returns.
(11) Matt 25 deals wHh Israel 1 s readiness for Chri.st I s
return.

(a) The 10 virgins is kingdom truth am shows the ministry

of the Holy Spiri. t during the fi.rst half of the tribulation.
(b) All 10 had the same onportunity to prepare.
(c) They do not picture the Church in this age.
(d) Oil is emblematic of the Holy Spirit during the first
half.

(e) In vs 111, "Kingdom of Heaven" is italicized but is

not so in the original greek.

(f) The faithful are always rewarded.

(g) "Wicked and slothful servant" (vs 2IS) is not a term
used for saints.

(h) Sheep and goat nations are divided.

Smil'J,3.Y - The Olivet Discourse in t-iatthew 211-25 is for Israel as a natton, not for
the Churches of today.

109