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INTRODUCTION AND ITS PARTS

The introduction to a research paper simply introduces the topic being researched. The introduction contains a
topic sentence, a thesis statement, then three to five reasons, details and/or facts supporting your research followed by a
conclusion. It should be relatively brief, concise and clear. The thesis statement and the supporting sentences provide the
background Information the reader needs about the topic. An introduction doesn't explain findings in detail. It provides
the setup for the paper.

The introduction should also explain your new perspectives or point of view towards the topic, provide a roadmap
of your writing, and hook the audience so that they can read the essay. In doing so, the introduction sentence elaborates on
the stakes at hand and establishes your credibility/authority as a writer.

The Thesis Statement

The thesis statement in the introduction makes the main idea of your paper clear to the reader. Examine your
outline for direction, then write several thesis statements and choose the one that most appropriately fits your topic
sentence. Utilizing expressive words and vivid action verbs help the thesis grab the reader's attention. Refine your thesis
statement by reading it aloud several times to ensure clarity and cohesion.

Supporting Sentences

Three to five reasonable arguments should be presented in the form of reasons, details and/or facts. These
arguments must support your research. This is where the significance of the researched information can be summarized
concisely before you express it in the body. An introduction can contain all reasons, all details, all facts or a combination
of the three. Giving this pertinent information further leads the reader to discover why this research is important.

The Conclusion Sentence

The concluding sentence of the introductory paragraph simply recalls the main idea and adds a strong ending to a
paragraph. When writing the concluding sentence, rewrite the topic sentence using different words but keep the main idea
intact. Also, add a new detail or insight about the main idea. The conclusion should use words that grab the reader's
attention.
COMPONENTS OF AN INTRODUCTION PARAGRAPH

The following are the five part and the function each plays in the paragraph.

OPENING STATEMENT

This part should be an essential to introduction, to create a warp for attention to the readers so they will be
entertain reading the specific paper. A good opening statement will make your reader interested to continue reading,
although, no matter how good the body part of the research is, a poorly created opening statement will make the readers’
curiousity reduce, making them bored and will not continue reading. The opening statement acts as the first impression
that will determine and strengthens the readers’ willingness to continue reading your paper.

An opening statement has a purpose of providing a stepping-stone to the reader on what will the research topic is
going to be about as well as taking the readers’ attention on the writing. There’s a step on how to create an effective
opening statement to ensure the creative and effectiveness of the specific research.

1. THE HOOK

One of the ways to get a reader to pay attention to research paper is to write an interesting statistical fact,
making it drastic or fascinating with numbers, for example, “the amount of trash in the seas is thrice than the amount
of fish that inhabit it.” By this can arouse and trigger the curiousity in the reader and he/she might be tempted to read
the research further.

2. POSE A QUESTION

This type of technique or tactics works effectively in research papers that argumentative or analytical. A question
can persuade the reader give some opinions, thoughts, experiences, to the topic at end and in doing so, triggering
curiosity. For example, a nature research that are related to the caterpillars/pest can start with a question: “Farmers believe
that caterpillars can help them but do some recent study on the eating behavior of caterpillars confirm this belief? “

3. VIVID DESCRIPTION

Professors, instructors and readers refuse to read further than a few sentences of a specific research, because of
being dull and no description. Authors of research papers should try to use vivid sentences in the research papers to
attract, gain attention from reader. A dull paper can make the instructor or professor demand a thorough research paper
editing of the author/students.

4. BLUNT OPINION

A specific research paper, especially the analytical research requires no opinions, just simply facts but a classroom
essay can include opinions in the content. To effectively get a readers’ attention, make sure that your opinion is blunt and
understandable as this causes immediate attention. Also ensure that you use a convincing note in your essay so that the
readers will persuade by the writings as well.
SOME THINGS NEED TO AVOID IN CREATING OPENING STATEMENT

 Avoid writing as the first person make it as third person, making empathy to all readers.

 One of the biggest let down for a reader is when he sees an essay that starts with a phrase, “This research/essay is all
about.”

 No matter what, always ensure that you will cite the resources present in the academic paper.

 Make sure your essay or research paper consist no plagiarism.

 Ensure that your citation style is according to the requirements.

TOPIC STATEMENT

A topic sentence is a sentence that introduces a paragraph by presenting the one topic that will be the focus
of that paragraph. The structure of a paragraph should imitate the organization of a paper. Just like the thesis
statement gives the main idea of the paper at the essay level, the topic sentence gives the main idea at the
paragraph level. The rest of the paragraph then supports that topic.
Topic sentences should:
o Be specific and have a narrower focus than your thesis statement.
o Appear in or near the first sentence of the paragraph.
o Introduce the topic of the paragraph.

RELEVANCE STATEMENT

In research is an interconnection of the topic with others. It is basically the level up to which you can apply
research findings in real life. In conclusion, the investigation which you are conducting is useful for others. The relevance
in research is the understanding of how finding or studying one thing affects the whole. “Relevance” can also be seen as
the extent to which a certain study or theory is significant or important.

Research is the pursuit of new knowledge. The relevancy in research means that study which you are performing
should be useful for as a whole as well as high relevancies mean research which you are performing has great potential to
fill a gap in knowledge, especially if it’s something people currently don’t know about or understand very well. Meaning
you are conducting something that is not familiar to others with such informative and useful in the future.

For example, If you are conducting a market survey for an organization then the data which you are collecting
through the research survey should be useful for your firm and might full fill the knowledge gap or, if you are selecting
the unemployment issue as your research topic then you are performing a research process for identifying the root cause
of unemployment and then information which you have gathered through research can be helpful for formulating effective
policies for that certain problem.
 Relevance has great significance in research as it helps you in maintaining the momentum. It is the relevant
information that will help you in making your dissertation interesting to the reader. Relevancy is the factor in research that
helps you and the reader in developing confidence about the findings and outcome of the investigation. It is very much
essential for you to make sure that the topic or field which you are selecting for performing the investigation has academic
and social relevance.

Types of Relevance Topic Sentence

 Academic - This basically means level up to which investigation performed on a particular topic has helped you
in accomplishing your academic goals.
Academic relevance is a measure of how much something helped you progress towards your academic goals. In
order to be academically relevant, the information one has learned must have been able to assist in some way with
achieving their own personal goal or objective. Academic relevance is an important consideration for any student
when deciding to study a subject. It can help you determine if the investigation performed on that topic will be
helpful in achieving your academic goals.

 Societal - It is referred to as the information gathered through investigation helps in developing the understanding
of the society.
Good research will help us understand society better by giving insight into how it functions- or more specifically
what processes are occurring behind the scenes that we might not see otherwise due to our own biases as someone
embedded in this culture.\

 Practical - It is basically an extent up to which the findings could be applied in real-life situations. Research that
has practical relevance not only adds value but also can make a recommendation for particular industries or
improve processes in an organization.

 Scientific - It is basically an extent up to which you can fill the knowledge gap thorough research on a specific
topic. You have to make sure that the research you are doing will fill in a gap of knowledge for the scientific
community. The best way to do this is by extensively researching your topic and finding what hasn’t been
researched yet. It’s important not just because it makes an impact on science but also so that you find something
stimulating enough for you as well.

How To Write Significance of the Study: 5 Steps

Presented below are the steps and guidelines on how to write your research’s Significance of the Study easily.

1. Use Your Research Problem as a Starting Point

Your problem statement itself can provide clues to what outcome your research study will achieve and who will
benefit from it.
2. State How Your Research Will Contribute to the Existing Literature in the Field
 Think of the things that were not explored by previous studies. Then, write how your research tackles those
unexplored areas. Through this, you can convince your readers that you are studying something new and adding
value to the field.
3. Explain How Your Research Will Benefit Society
In this part, tell how your research will impact society. Think of how the results of your research will change
something in your community. 
4. Mention the Specific Persons or Institutions Who Will Benefit From Your Study
Using the same example above, you may indicate that the results of this research will benefit those people who
are looking for an alternative supplement to prevent high blood glucose levels.
5. Indicate How Your Study May Help Future Studies in the Field
You must also specifically indicate how your research will be part of the literature of the field you are studying
and how it will benefit future researchers.  

THE MAIN POINTS

Though the outline of the main points has been taken as the last part of the introduction paragraph, it should not
come after the thesis statement. The thesis should be the last sentence of your introduction paragraph. In some cases, the
outline of the main points can be summarized and incorporated within the thesis statement. In cases where the thesis
statement and the summary of the outline are separate parts, then the latter should come before the thesis statement.
Ideally, this part should provide your readers with an overview of the main points. It is one of the things we explained as a
big step in our guide on how to write an essay that we talked about. This is key for someone to read the essay.

THESIS STATEMENT

Most papers will have a thesis statement or main idea and supporting facts/ideas/arguments. State your main idea
(something of interest or something to be proven or argued for or against) as your thesis statement, and then provide a
supporting facts and arguments. A thesis statement is a declarative sentence that asserts the position a paper will be taking.
It also points toward the paper's development. This statement should be both specific and arguable. Generally, the thesis
statement will be placed at the end of the first paragraph of your paper. The remainder of your paper will support this
thesis.

Students often learn to write a thesis as a first step in the writing process, but often, after research, a writer’s viewpoint
may change. Therefore, a thesis statement may be one of the final steps in writing. 

Examples:

 Vaccinations – Because many children are unable to get vaccine due to illness, we must require that all healthy
and able children be vaccinated in order to have herd immunity.

 Online Courses – Online learning has positive impact on the learners, teachers and the institution offering these
courses
Parts of a Thesis Statement

The thesis statement has 3 main parts: the limited subject, the precise opinion, and the blueprint of reasons.

1. Limited Subject

Make sure you’ve chosen a subject that meets your instructor’s requirements for the assignment. (It never hurts to ask.)

2. Precise Opinion

The precise opinion gives your answer to a question about the subject. A good precise opinion is vital to the reader’s
comprehension of the goal of the essay.

3. Blueprint of Reasons

A blueprint is a plan. It lets the builder know that the foyer will be here, the living room will be to the east, the dining
room to the west, and the family room will be north. The blueprint of an essay permits you to see the whole shape of your
ideas before you start churning out whole paragraphs. While it’s okay for you to start writing down your ideas before you
have a clear sense of your blueprint, your reader should never encounter a list of details without being told exactly what
point these details are supposed to support.

Developing a Thesis Statement

Topic Selection - Before you can write a thesis, you need a topic. Sometimes you are assigned a topic by your professor,
while other times you need to choose your own. The topic is the first part of a thesis. The topic is sometimes referred to as
the “WHAT” of your essay.

Pre-writing/Brainstorming - The second part of a thesis is your claim. Before you can write a thesis, you need to do
some analysis of your topic to determine what you want to say about it. What interests you about the topic? What is your
paper going to attempt to prove? Why is it important? This is sometimes referred to as the “SO WHAT?”

Working Thesis - A good place to begin is by developing a “working thesis.” A working thesis is simply a draft of your
thesis statement. In other words, you make your best attempt at writing a thesis, making sure to get your topic and claim in
it.

How do you write a Thesis Statement?

The kind of thesis statement you write will depend on the type of paper you are writing. Here is how to write the different
kinds of thesis statements:

 Argumentative Thesis Statement: Making a Claim

An argumentative thesis states the topic of your paper, your position on the topic, and the reasons you have for taking that
position.
  Analytical Thesis Statement: Analyzing an Issue

An analytical thesis states the topic of your paper, what specifically you analyzed, and the conclusion(s) you reached as a
result of that analysis.

 Expository Thesis Statement: Explaining a Topic

An expository thesis statement states the topic of your paper and lists the key aspects of your topic that will be discussed
in the paper.

What a Thesis Statement Should NOT Be

Remember, these are strong suggestions, but there may be times you are asked to create a thesis that deviates from these
‘rules.’

1. Thesis statements should not be more than one sentence long.

2. Thesis statements should not be questions.

3. Thesis statements should not state mere facts.

4. Thesis statements should not be too broad.

5. Thesis statements should not be too narrow.

6. Thesis statements should not be announcements of what you will do.

7. Thesis statements should not simply state a topic.

So what should Thesis Statements Be? *What are the qualities of a good thesis statement?

 Identifies a limited, specific subject

 Focuses on a particular aspect or direction

 Is stated in a clear, direct sentence

 Can be supported with facts and details

 Meets the requirements of the assignment

 Is usually placed at the end of the introductory paragraph

 Does not contain personal pronouns (Ex. I, me, you, etc.)

 Avoids vague words such as "good," "interesting," "a serious problem," "in many ways," etc.
REFERENCES

https://penandthepad.com/conclusion-statement-7412494.html

https://gradebees.com/parts-of-introduction-paragraph/?
fbclid=IwAR3PJIESoUjLYg4ohomptBf3QgqsuS2Jbm4yyMoCoJwDViEObtEjgVSCHqs

https://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/academic1/thesis-statement-writing-academic-essays/?
fbclid=IwAR2_bvZa5COsNko8sC285Iw5l_o_ZVW-mWL0nBwuk7NDoD4PXIGchhtcAkc

https://educationwritinghelp.wordpress.com/2014/02/07/creating-an-opening-statement-for-a-research-paper/

https://gradebees.com/parts-of-introduction-paragraph/