12

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION V
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SORSOGON

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
Quarter 2|Week 4

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. __03__

Name of Student: _______________________________________________

Grade & Section: _______________________________________________
Date : _______________________________________________

Family Structures and Legacies

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How does your family affect you as a developing individual?
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

I. Introductory Concept
The journey to personal development does not only take into account the self as a
growing individual and charting a career to establish full independence and success in life.
Your growth and personal effectiveness have to manifest in your relationships. In the first
place, you have been reared and nourished by relational acts of giving and sharing from the
people around you. Your family comes first in the line.
The topic that you are about to study will bring you back to the memories of your
childhood experience when you were still dependent on the love and care of the people
around you and how it impacted you as you grow into what you are today.

II. Learning Skills from the MELCs

At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
 Appraise one’s family structure and the type of care he/she gives and receives,
which may help in understanding himself/herself better – EsP-PD11/12FSL-IId-11.1
 Make a genogram and trace certain physical, personality, or behavioral attributes
through generations - EsP-PD11/12FSL-IId-e-11.2
 Prepare a plan on how to make the family members firmer and gentler with each
other - EsP=PD11/12FSL-IIe-11.3

III. Activities

Let Us Review
How can we be effective in dealing with others?

Let Us Study
THE FAMILY: IN PERSPECTIVES
The family is the basic unit of the society. Each family is unique as a result
of the blending of factors that influence the dynamics of behaviors and interaction
among family members in and outside of their home. These factors include family
values, traditions, beliefs, socio-economic status, and religion.
But no matter how families grow, they adhere to serving some general
functions and structures.

Page 1
STRUCTURES
The last decade has seen a lot of changes that transformed many
institutions including the family. Consider these different family
structures:
Nuclear Family
This is the traditional type of family. Two parents and their
children are living together as one family is an example.
Extended Family
Aside from the two parents and their children, the family is
joined in by relatives who live with them, like grandparents, cousins
or aunties/uncles. They generally share common goals at home.
Family with Working Parents
From what used to be only the father working for the family
and mother tending the home and children, both parents now work
to support the family. The high cost of living and expanse of other
expenses compel both parents to work for financial security and to
assure the future of the children. Some parents, even painstakingly,
go abroad for better pay. If both parents work in another country,
children are often left to their grandparents or closest relative. This
setup, wherein parents (either one or both of them) have to work
overseas, often poses a greater challenge for the family since parents
are father away. Fortunately, new technologies in communication
make it possible now to keep the family members in touch with one
another.
Single-Parent Family
This type of family refers to the setup in which either the
mother or father alone takes the responsibility of caring for the child
or children. In cases of separation/divorce of parents, children are
usually left to either one of the parents (usually the mother). The
parent with the children may single-handedly take care of raising
them if support from the father is nil. There are also instances when
single-parent family is having a child without having gotten married.
In many instances, the single parent is supported by his/her family
in raising the child. The grandparents, auntie, or uncle become
closely involved as they provide support, love, and attention for the
child. The child sees them as his/her own family.
Blended Family
This setup consists of a couple wherein one or both of them
have children from a previous marriage or relationship. In many
instances, it happens when separation, annulment/divorce, or death
of spouse eventually leads to remarriage. The couple remarrying
may have children from their previous relationships. Bringing their
children to come together to live in one home as a family forges new
relationships. It can be challenging when potential conflicts among
children cannot be helped, but having the two sets of children come
together may develop familial kinship.
Childless Family
There are family situations when couples do not have
children either by choice or due to certain circumstances (e.g.
health). Couples, aside from their work, take up special activities
like sports, get involved in certain advocacies, or may take care of a
pet which they include as part of the family. This brings more
meaning to their shared life.
Other Family Setups/Frameworks
There are couples who live together as common-law or
domestic partners. These are couples who are not legally married
but are living together and sharing household responsibilities. They
can choose to adopt, or take care of a child from a previous
relationship (if there is).

Page 2
 As family structure evolves through time, we also find another
kind of setup. There are now same-sex partners who raise a child
(either adopted or a biological child of one of them). Either that child
would have two mommies or two daddies then. Whatever the setup,
they strive to function as a family.

FAMILY EXPERIENCES
Child-Rearing Practices and Family Care
How you were cared for by your family makes a significant mark
in your development. It affects how you function, behave, and relate
with other people. Attachments that date back to childhood (which you
may not vividly remember at an instant) are important experiences that
influence your ability to trust and achieve a high level of security with
people.
Child-rearing reflects the kind of parenting style exercised by
parents. These are patterns or ways with which parents raise their
children. Dr. Diana Baumrind, a psychologist who studies parenting
styles, identified three broad patterns as authoritarian, permissive, and
authoritative. Further research done by Eleanor Maccoby and John
Martin suggested another parenting style-neglectful.
a. Authoritarian
This is characterized by rigid and/or demanding
parenting style. Parents are very strict. They expect their
children to follow them with out question. They do not
tolerate misbehavior and do not hesitate to apply punishment
to control behavior.
b. Permissive
Opposite of authoritarian is a permissive kind of
parents. Parents of this nature are very giving to the point of
spoiling their children. They tend to be warm and loving.
They have few expectations and minimal limitations. They
allow their children to be part in making decisions in the
family.
c. Authoritative
This kind of parenting is considered balanced. Parents are
authority figures who set clear expectations from their
children. They set reasonable limitations, yet they also give
them room for independence, provide them emotional
support, and respect their point of view. They likewise
empower their child to exercise decision-making.
d. Neglectful
Neglectful parents are not involved in child-rearing. They may
provide for the child’s needs, but are emotionally detached,
unsupportive of their children, inconsistent, or unpredictable.

NURTURING FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS

Relationships need work. Our family, no matter how closely
knit, is no exception. Being close and familiar is not enough to make
each other loved. Family has to be continuously nurtured and
strengthened.
How can you nurture your family? Give it “TLC,” which
stands for time, love, and commitment.

Time. Make time for your family. Spend quality time with them and fill
it with good moments. Do it often. Family memories are made with time
spent doing activities together. Do not just put them in between your
schedule. However, it is not only enough to be there for them during
good times. Be around most especially during difficult times. By doing
this, you make each other feel that you are not alone. It gives family

Page 3
 members a sense that they are secure and united; there is support to
count on when needed. Time with your family also enhances
communication as it gives opportunity for family members to talk to one
another.

Love. The family should be built on love. As everybody loves and needs
to be loved, the family should be the first to show it. However, love does
not grow on its own. You have to do it. Each member of the family
should show love. How? By being caring in your actions toward them.
Be honest. Be patient and understanding. When they make mistakes,
be forgiving.

Commitment. As it takes effort to do all those things, commit yourself

to doing what is good, healthy, and nurturing for your family. By being
committed, you put the well-being and happiness of your family first.
You become dependable; you also help enhance family relationships, and
make your family feel secured.

Feelings of worth can flourish only in an atmosphere where individual

differences are appreciated, mistakes are tolerated, communication is
open, and rules are flexible – the kind of atmosphere that is found in a
nurturing family.

- Virginia Satir

Source: A Worktext entitled Moving Up - A Guide to Personal and Career

Development by Maricel Ilag-Ramos

Let Us Practice
A. MEMORY LANE
Appraise your family structure and try to have a trip down memory lane. Try
to recall your earliest childhood experience. Try to ask some family members how
they took care of you. Who was your primary caregiver? Was it your mother, your
grandmother, yaya, among others? What was it like raising you? Do you think
those experiences contributed to how you behave today? How did those experiences
shape your manner of relating with your family now?

Notes About Growing Up

B. GENOGRAM
A genogram or family tree is a useful tool to gather information about a
person’s family. This visual representation of a family can help us to identify
patterns within families that may be influencing or driving a person’s current
behavior.

Some symbols for drawing the genogram or family tree:

Page 4
 Female symbol
Male symbol
Unknown gender
Married – add the year or ages
Separation
Divorce
Source: http://www.strongbonds.jss.org.au/workers/families/genograms.html

Sample genogram:

Grandfather Grandmother Grandfather Grandmother

Aunt Uncle Father Mother Aunt

Uncle

?
? You Brother Sister- Brother- Sister
in-Law in-Law

Son

Nephew Niece

Source: mutagh.fhost.com.au

MY GENOGRAM
Make your own genogram using the above symbols and trace certain physical,
personality, or behavioral attributes in your family through generations. Write the
attribute/s right below the role of each family member. Be guided by the given
sample.

Let Us Remember
Why should family relationship be nurtured?
Relationship with family is important. Your family is (or should be) your
primary source of security and support. No matter how the world turns out to be,
the family is home to you. It is reality in life that a relationship does not always go
along smoothly. It has bumps and curves that require you to have the skills to
maneuver to sustain what is good, beautiful, and loving in a relationship. You and
your family deserve to enjoy the fruits of a good and loving relationship.

Let Us Practice More

CREATING LOVE IN MY FAMILY CIRCLE
Make a list of ways to nurture your family. What do you think does your family
need for family members to have a better relationship with one another? Give at
least five.

Page 5
 ___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Evaluation
MATCHING TYPE. Match the items in Column A with the items in Column B. Just write
the letter of the correct answer.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. These are patterns or ways with which parents

A. Permissive
raise their children.
2. It is the basic unit of the society.
B. Neglectful
3. Two parents and their children are living together
as one family.
C. Extended Family
4. Parents may provide for the child’s needs, but are
emotionally detached, unsupportive of their
D. Single-Parent Family
children, inconsistent, or unpredictable.
5. Parents are very giving to the point of spoiling their
E. Child-rearing
children.
6. It consists of a couple wherein one or both of them
F. Authoritarian
have children from a previous marriage or
relationship.
G. Nuclear Family
7. Parents are very strict. They expect their children
to follow them without question.
H. Blended Family
8. A visual representation of a family which give more
information regarding relationships and patterns
I. Genogram
within it.
9. Either the father or mother alone takes the
J. Authoritative
responsibility of caring for the child or children.
10. Aside from the two parents and their children,
K. Family
the family is joined in by relatives who live with
them, like grandparents, cousins or
aunties/uncles.

IV. Rubric for Scoring

Let Us Practice
A. Memory Lane
Criteria Score
Learner was able to include in his/her notes all the possible 10
answers to the guide questions.
Learner was able to include in his/her notes partly the possible 5
answers to the guide questions.
Did not do the activity 0

B. Genogram
Criteria Score
The learner was able to trace certain attributes in his/her family 10
through generations.
The learner was able to use the correct symbols in the genogram 5
The learner was able to make a visual representation of his/her 5
family using the correct relationships and patterns.

Page 6
 Total 20

Let us Practice More

2 points for every correct answer

Evaluation
1 point for every correct answer

V. Answer Key

Let us Practice
(Answers may vary)

Let Us Practice More

(Answers may vary)

Evaluation
1. E
2. K
3. G
4. B
5. A
6. H
7. F
8. I
9. D
10. C

VI. References
Moving Up: A Guide to Personal and Career Development p. 140-155
Copyright 2016 by the Phoenix Publishing House Inc., and Maricel Ilag-Ramos

Personal Development (Reader) p. 85-86

Prepared by:

LOUELLA JANE R. LAURA, T-II

Magallanes National Vocational High School

Assessed by:

CRISTY L. PEŃA
Head Teacher III

Page 7
Page 8