WHAT IS HOUSING

SURVEY ?
• The purpose of the housing survey is
to describe housing conditions of
households and their housing
expenditure.
• Censuses do of course have the
advantage of covering a larger sample
but they do not provide information on
rents, charges, financing plans, income,
and many other features of French
people's quality of housing (especially
the most poorly housed) which are
covered in detail in the housing survey.
 • A survey method is a process, tool, or technique that you
can use to gather information in research by asking
questions to a predefined group of people.
• Typically, it facilitates the exchange of information between
the research participants and the person or organization
carrying out the research.
• Survey methods can be qualitative or
WHAT IS quantitative depending on the type of research and the type
of data you want to gather in the end.
SURVEY • For instance, you can choose to create and administer an
online survey with Form plus that allows you to collect
METHOD? statistical information from respondents.
• For qualitative research, you can conduct a face-to-face
interview or organize a focus group.
• For quantitative research, when trying to quantify a
problem, quantitative data will conclude on its purpose and
understand how dominant it is by looking for results that
can be projected to a larger population.
 Interviews

Observation

Focus Groups
TYPES OF
SURVEY Panel Sampling
METHODS:- Telephone Surveys

Mail-in Surveys

Online Surveys
 INTERVIEWS:-

• An interview is a survey research method where the

researcher facilitates some sort of conversation with the
research participant to gather useful information about
the research subject.
• This conversation can happen physically as a face-to-face
interview or virtually as a telephone interview or via
video and audio-conferencing platforms.
• During an interview, the researcher has the opportunity to
connect personally with the research subject and
establish some sort of relationship.
• This connection allows the interviewer (researcher) to
gain more insight into the information provided by the
research participant in the course of the conversation.
 OBSERVATION:-

• Just as the name suggests, observation is a method of gathering data by

paying attention to the actions and behaviors of the research subjects as they
interact in their environment.
 Focus Groups:-

• A focus group is an open conversation with a small

number of carefully-selected participants who provide
useful information for research.
• The selected participants are a subset of your research
population and should represent the different groups
in the larger population.
• Based on the focus of your research, you can adopt
one or more types of focus groups for your
investigation.
 Panel Sampling:-

• Recruiting survey-takers from a panel maintained

by a research company is a surefire way to get
respondents.
• Why? Because people have specifically signed up
to take them.
• The benefit of these types of surveys for research,
of course, is there you can be assured responses.
• In addition, you can filter respondents by a variety
of criteria to be sure you’re speaking with your
target audience.
 Telephone Surveys:-

• Most telephone survey research types are conducted

through random digit dialing (RDD).
• RDD can reach both listed and unlisted numbers,
improving sampling accuracy.
• Surveys are conducted by interviewers through
computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI)
software.
• CATI displays the questionnaire to the interviewer
with a rotation of questions.
 Mail-in Surveys:-

• Mail surveys were frequently used before the

advent of the internet when respondents were
spread out geographically and budgets were
modest.
• After all, mail-in surveys didn’t require much
cost other than the postage.
 Online Surveys:-
• Online surveys are one of the most effective
surveying methods. They can be used by anyone
for just about anything, and are easily customized
for a particular audience.
• There are many types of online surveys. You can
email them directly to people, house them on a
website, or even advertise them through Google
Search.
• The internet also makes it very easy to reach a very
broad audience. It also makes it just as easy to
reach only a handful of people. That’s been very
beneficial for companies that also want
international responses.
 WHAT IS SURVEY
CENSUS ?
• A census is a survey conducted on
the full set of observation objects
belonging to a given population or
universe.
Context:
• A census is the complete
enumeration of a population or
groups at a point in time with
respect to well defined
characteristics: for
example, population, production,
traffic on particular roads.
 CENSUS:-

• “Population census is the total process of collecting, compiling, analyzing or

otherwise disseminating demographic, economic and social data pertaining, at a
specific time, of all persons in a country or a well defined part of a country.
• As such, the census provides a snapshot of the country’s population and housing at
a given point of time.”
• • A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information
about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official
count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with
national population and housing censuses
• •An official usually periodic, enumeration of population often including the
collection of related demographic information.
 HISTORY & IMPORTANCE
OF CENSUS:-
❖ HISTORY:-

• 1872 – the first systematic Census conducted all over India

• 1881 – the first synchronous Census conducted all over India
• 1951 – the first Census of Independent India
• 2011 – the 15th since1872 – the 7th since Independence
❖ IMPORTANCE:-
• The census provides information on size, distribution and socio-economic,
demographic and other characteristics of the country's population.
• The data collected through the census are used for administration, planning
and policy making as well as management and evaluation of various
programmes by the government, researchers, commercial and private
enterprises, etc.
 CENSUS OF INDIA:-
• First regular census -1871
• Last census - 2011
• Census 2011 will mark a milestone as the National Population Register (NPR) will
also be prepared
• Usually conducted at the end of the first quarter of the First year in each decade.

Census: Every 10 years in India :-

• Censuses are taken only at infrequent intervals:
• Every 10 years in many countries
• Every five years or at irregular intervals in some countries.
• Census is conducted under the provisions of the Census Act 1948, and in India,
this data is collected every 10 years.
 Important points to know about the
Census process:
❑ Questions and forms
Census data is taken by visiting each and every household and gathering particulars by
asking questions and filling up census forms.
❑ Confidential information
The information collected during the process is confidential. In fact, this information is not
even accessible to the courts of law.
❑ Transportation to data processing centres
The forms are transported to data processing centres located at 15 cities across the country.
❑ Intelligent Character Recognition Software (ICR):
This technology came in India in Census 2001 and has become the benchmark for censuses
all around the globe.
❑ Scanning and extraction of data
This involves the scanning of the census forms at high speed and extracting the data
automatically using computer software.
 First Census in India under
British rule:-
❑ First Census
The first complete census of India was conducted in 1830 by Henry Walter in Dacca (now
Dhaka). In this census the statistics of the population with sex, broad age group, and the
houses with their amenities were collected.
❑ Second Census
Second Census was conducted in 1836-37 by Fort St.George according to the government
website of Census India.
❑ First synchronous Census
The first synchronous census was taken under British rule on February 17, 1881, by W.C.
Plowden, Census Commissioner of India. Since then, censuses have been undertaken
uninterruptedly once every ten years.
In this census, the main emphasis was not only laid on complete coverage but also on the
classification of demographic, economic and social characteristic took in the entire continent
of British India (except Kashmir).
 NATIONAL POPULATION REGISTER:-

• The National Population Register (NPR) is a Register of usual residents of the

country.
• The 15th Indian census was conducted in two phases house listing and
population enumeration.
• The database is maintained by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner
of India.
➢ 1st phase:-
Houselisting & housing census and collection of data on national population
register april to september 2010 .
➢ 2nd phase:-
Population enumeration 9th to 28th february 2011 .
 Houselisting Operations:-
• Features of Indian Census Conducted 7 to 8 months in advance of census taking
• Helps to prepare the frame for collection of information during next phase of
enumeration
• Lists each and every building, house and other structures in the Enumeration Area and
collects information on their use
• Identifies residential houses for population enumeration
• Collects household level information on amenities and assets available.

Population Enumeration:
• Features of Indian Census Extended de-facto (population present) method used
• Last held in February 2001
• Enumeration period - three-week
• Followed by 5 days of revision round to update the population on the reference date
Difficult areas covered in advance.
 FEATURES & COMPONENTS OF NPR:-
• All these provisions make it compulsory for the citizens of India to register in the
database.
• The registration with NPR gives identity card which Commonly known as “Aadhar
card.”
• As per Section 14A of the Citizenship Act 1955 as amended in 2004, it is compulsory
for every citizen of the country to register in the National Register of Indian Citizens
(NRIC).
• Out of the universal dataset of residents, the subset of citizens would be derived after
due verification of the citizenship status.
➢ COMPONENTS:-
• Textual data: it includes basic and additional Information of households.
• Biometric data : it includes biometric and fingerprints
• Service logs: it includes service flags and service register.
 THE MAJOR HIGHLIGHTS OF THE CENSUS
2011(PROVISIONAL) ARE AS UNDER:-

• The population of India has increased by more than 181 million during the decade 2001-
2011.
• Percentage growth in 2001-2011 is 17.64; males 17.19 and females 18.12.
• 2001-2011 is the first decade (with the exception of 1911-1921) which has actually
added lesser population compared to the previous decade.
• Uttar Pradesh (199.5 million) is the most populous State in the country followed by
Maharashtra with 112 million.
• Population (0-6 years) 2001-2011 registered minus (-)3.08 percent growth with minus (-
)2.42 for males and -3.80 for females.
• Overall sex ratio at the national level has increased by 7 points to reach 940 at Census
2011 as against 933 in Census 2001. This is the highest sex ratio recorded since Census
1971 and a shade lower than 1961. Increase in sex ratio is observed in 29 States/UTs.
• Kerala with 1084 has the highest sex ratio followed by Puducherry with 1038, Daman &
Diu has the lowest sex ratio of 618.
 WHAT IS SURVEY
DATA?
• Survey data is the result you get from
gathering responses from research
participants.
• It is a fair representation of the opinions and
perceptions of your target audience, and it
forms the basis of informed decision-making
in different contexts.
• Survey data can be in multiple formats,
including texts, videos, images, documents,
and audio, up to mention a few.
TOTAL NUMBER OF CENSUS HOUSES: RURAL & URBAN-
2011:-
TOTAL NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS: RURAL & URBAN –
2011:-
TOTAL NUMBER OF OCCUPIED CENSUS HOUSES –2011:-
CENSUS HOUSES BY PREDOMINANT MATERIAL OF ROOF -2011
CENSUS HOUSES BY PREDOMINANT MATERIAL
OF WALL-2011
CENSUS HOUSES BY PREDOMINANT MATERIAL OF
FLOOR - 2011
OCCUPIED CENSUS HOUSES BY THEIR HABITABLE
CONDITION – 2011
HOUSEHOLDS LIVING IN CENSUS HOUSES BY
PREDOMINANT MATERIAL OF ROOF -2011
HOUSEHOLDS LIVING IN CENSUS HOUSES BY
PREDOMINANT MATERIAL OF WALL -2011
HOUSEHOLDS LIVING IN CENSUS HOUSES BY PREDOMINANT
MATERIAL OF FLOOR-2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY THEIR HABITABLE CONDITION OF
CENSUS HOUSES OCCUPIED - 2011
HOUSEHOLDS HAVING NUMBER OF DWELLING
ROOMS -2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY OWNERSHIP STATUS OF THE
CENSUS HOUSES OCCUPIED BY THEM - 2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY NUMBER OF MARRIED COUPLES IN
A HOUSEHOLD - 2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY SOURCE OF DRINKING
WATER - 2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY LOCATION OF DRINKING WATER
SOURCE - 2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY AVAILABILITY OF KITCHEN
FACILITY-2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF BATHING FACILITY
WITHIN THE HOUSE- 2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF DRAINAGE
CONNECTIVITY FOR WASTE WATER OUTLET FACILITY
WITHIN THE HOUSE 2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE OF LATRINE FACILITY
WITHIN THE HOUSE - 2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY SOURCE OF LIGHTING FACILITY - 2011
HOUSEHOLDS BY AVAILABILITY OF TYPE OF FUEL
USED FOR COOKING- 2011
DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLDS BY AVAILING
OF BANKING SERVICES FACILITY - 2011
HOUSELESS POPULATION IN INDIA - 2011
 METHODOLOGY:

• The Census of India is conducted once in a decade, following an extended de facto canvasser
method.
• Under this approach, data is collected from every individual by visiting the household and
canvassing the questionnaire all over the country, over a period of three weeks.
• The count is then updated to the reference date and time by conducting a Revisional Round.
• In the Revisional Round, changes in the entries that arise on account of births, deaths and migration
between the time of the enumerator’s visit and the reference date/time are noted down and the record
is updated.
• In Census 2011, for Madhya Pradesh the first phase of House listing Operations or Housing Census
was completed between 7th May to 22nd June 2010.
• The second phase of canvassing questionnaire for Population Enumeration was conducted from 9th
to 28th of February 2011.
• Enumeration of the houseless population was done on the night of 28th February.
• Revisional Round was then conducted from 1st to 5th March 2011 and the count updated to the
Reference Moment of 00:00 hours of 1st March 2011.
 The 2021 Census:

•For the first time the data will be collected digitally via mobile applications.
•There will be a provision of working in offline mode.
•This would fetch results almost immediately, unlike earlier cases where it used to take
multiple years for the data to be analyzed and the reports published.
•No document will be required by the citizens to be shown as proof.
•A self-declaration will be enough.
•The data collected by enumerator on his/her phone will be registered with the Census
authorities.
•Officials involved in Census will provide multi-language support through Census
Monitoring & Management Portal - the single source for all Census related activities.
•2021 Census will not collect caste data.
•For the first time that information of households headed by a person from the
transgender community and members living in the family will be collected.