SOCIAL SURVEY and

SOCIAL RESEARCH

NATASHA : 16251AA015
JULIA : 16251AA017
MADHULIKA : 16251AA018
VAISHNAVI : 16251AA019
 NEED FOR SOCIAL SURVEY
• To collect the data and information based on spot observation.
• To draw mental picture of the region, the town and its various
elements like residential and working areas, the survey serves broad
canvas picturing the present state of the town and to proper means
for its development, in future.
• Town planning/ urban planning Survey is also essential in following
ways, Planning work becomes easy by analysing the data of existing
town gathered from surveys.
• It helps to know that what is lacking and what is to be needed for the
development of Town.
• A survey focuses on the inter-relation of different inter-mingled
activities of an urban life.
• It helps to understand the parasites from which an urban space suffers
and provides a proper treatment to be given, i.e. it diagnoses the
disease.
• It involves the public opinion and views in favour of the town planning
scheme, etc.
Types of Surveys
 TOWN OR CITY SURVEY: Survey done at much smaller
scale
• Physical survey
• Social survey
• Economic survey
 REGIONAL SURVEY : Scale larger than city survey
 NATIONAL SURVEY: Collect information regarding natural
resources and potentialities and to locals
 CIVIC SURVEY/SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY: Areas of
influence of towns and villages. employment, population
changes etc.
Types of Surveys
• Physical Survey
 Natural features like topography, physically difficult land,
geology, landscape, soil, Climate data,
 Land use
 Physical economic factors like agricultural value of the land,
mineral resources and water gathering lands, areas with
public services, transportation linkages
 Conditions of buildings – Life and structural
 Communication survey by
o Highways
Traffic at junctions
o Parking
Origin and Destination
o Accident study
Types of Surveys
• Social survey
 Population
o Trends
o Characteristics
o Migration
o Demographics- Age, Education, Variation
o Density
 Housing
o Classes
o Height
o Materials
o Rented/Owned
 Community facility
o Education
o Health
o Recreational
o Other amusements
Types of Surveys
• Economic survey
 Occupational- Nature of job
o Cultivation/Agri.
o Trade
o Industry types
o Location
o Raw materials availability
o Workers count
 Survey of commerce
o Turn over
o Goods handled
o Transportation used
 Utility
o Water supply
o Drainage
o Electricity
o Telephone
o Street lighting
TYPES OF SURVEYS

 REGIONAL SURVEY:
The regional survey carried out on much larger unit than
a town is called “region” which may consist of no. of
townships and villages. The investigations carried out are
of general nature such as social, physical, economic
conditions of region surveys for regional highways,
regional transport, regional water supply come under
regional survey. IT HELPS DEVELOP THE WHOLE REGION IN
A CO-ORDINATED MANNER.
TYPES OF SURVEYS

 NATIONAL SURVEY:
It helps to collect information regarding natural resources
and potentialities and to locals the industries in different
regions. Care should be taken to see that no one region is
allowed to develop at the cost of other region.
Survey for fixing railway alignment irrigation, hydro-electric
works, heavy industries come under national survey.
 TYPES OF SURVEYS
 CIVIC SURVEY / SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY:
The type of survey conducted at local level for the re- development scheme, slum
improvement scheme, master plan is different from town survey.

Here house to house survey conducted for this purpose is the socio-economic survey which is
the foundation stone of the planning structure. It is from the survey the town planner can make
a correct diagnosis of various ills from which the towns is suffering and prescribe the correct
remedies for their cure.

It is therefore like the diagnostic approach enumerated by Patrick Geddes and emphasized by
Patrick Abucrombie.

It covers a vast field hence a mere list would be sufficient to know its wide scope.
• Physical features

• Communication

• Traffic

• Open space

• Housing

• Population

• Health

• Landscape

• Cultivation

• Amenities
METHODS EMPLOYED TO
COLLECT DATA
 Field work.
 House to house investigation conducted to collect
information in questionnaire form specifically prepared
for this purpose.
 Direct collection from office records and reports from
government municipal offices and other bodies.
 Collection through postal communications with
government, public institutions and interested bodies.
 Personal interviews with individuals or organisation
interested in the field of planning.
 Reconnaissance and spot inspection by the town
planner himself and his staff.
Surveying techniques

 SELF SURVEYS - mailing questionnaires to the to be

surveyed persons
 INTERVIEWS - by asking questions to the people to be
surveyed DIRECT INSPECTION - when the surveyor
himself inspects the
 situations concerned
 OBSERVERS PARTICIPATION - when the observer himself
participate in acquiring the data required
Surveying Questionnaire

 NOMINAL where there is no ordering, like asking of sex,

age, employment in any particular service etc.
 ORDINAL where there is a specific order of choices like
asking of priorities, housing conditions, climate etc.
 INTERVAL where an interval of time is given
importance like time taken to shift from Lower Income
Group (LIG) housing to MIG housing, time interval to
change from two wheelers to four wheelers etc. this
provides an yardstick of measurements.