Tiraspol State University

Foreign Languages and Literatures Department

Syntax
Test Paper
Name Morari Mariana Group 402

1. Define the direct and indirect object.

A direct object is a noun or pronoun which receives the action expressed by the verb. In another
thought, a direct object receives the action performed by the subject; or we can say the subject
does the action of the verb to the direct object.
Subject + Action Verb + What? or Whom? = Direct Object

An indirect object can be described as the person or thing that is secondarily affected by the
action of the verb. When the indirect object follows the direct object, it is usually preceded by to
as in our sentence above, to the player.
Sometimes the indirect object is preceded by for, as Morpheus collected the books for me.
Basically, to or for can help introduce the indirect object in a sentence.

2. What is a sentence and what is a clause? When will a clause have a complete thought
and when will a clause not have a complete thought?

What is sentence structure anyway? The structure of a sentence refers to: The kinds and
number of clauses a sentence has.
What is a clause again? • Group of words with a subject and verb • May or may not have a
complete thought
When will a clause have a complete thought? Ask Webbie! That’s right…if it’s i-n-d-e-p-e-n-
d-e-n-t! So… an independent clause has what three things? • Subject • Verb • Complete Thought
When will a clause not have a complete thought? If it’s Dependent! What kinds of words
introduce dependent clauses again? Subordinating Conjunctions: if, when, because, since,
Relative Pronouns: that, which, who, whom, whose and &.

3. What is a dependent clause and independent clause give example of each type?

An independent clause is a group of related words that contains a subject and a verb and
expresses a complete thought.
Independent clauses are complete sentences. They begin with a capital letter and end with
punctuation, such as a period.

Examples:
 ● I picked a flower for you.

● My mom is nice.

● The teacher taught me how to read.

● The woman sang.

Dependent clauses
Dependent clauses contain a subject and a verb, but do not express a complete thought.
A dependent clause is not a complete sentence.
The words in purple below are called dependent marker words and will be explained in the
next section.

Examples:

● When I picked a flower for you

What happened when I picked the flower?

This is not a complete thought or sentence.

● If my mom is nice

What happens if my mom is nice? This is not a complete thought or sentence.

● While my teacher taught me to read

What happened while my teacher taught me to read?

This is not a complete thought or sentence.

● Because the woman sang

What happened because the woman sang?

This is not a complete thought or sentence.

4. Write definitions for simple, complex and compound sentences. Give examples.

Simple Sentence A simple sentence has one independent clause and no dependent clauses: â.
Although a simple sentence cannot have a dependent clause, it can have modifiers:
A simple sentence contains only one independent clause, but it can have more than one
subject or verb:
A sentence with all these elements will be long, but it is still simple because it contains only
one independent clause:
The tall student sitting in the back in my physics class and his friend yawned loudly and fell
asleep.
Examples of simple sentences include the following:

• Joe waited for the train.

"Joe" = subject, "waited" = verb

• The train was late.

"The train" = subject, "was" = verb

• Mary and Samantha took the bus.

"Mary and Samantha" = compound subject, "took" = verb

5. What is the FANBOYS?

6. Create a compound sentence by combining the two simple sentences below with the
connecting words (and, or, but). Example A: Kerry traveled to the woods. She went hunting.
Answer: Kerry traveled to the woods, and she went hunting.
1. Shawn eats turkey. Shawn eats potatoes.
___________________________________________________________________
2. Stephen likes video games. Stephen does not like to pay for video games.
___________________________________________________________________
3. The zebra enjoys eating grass. The zebra does not like to get chased by lions.
___________________________________________________________________
4. Sarah must pass her test. Sarah will not be able to go to the movies.
___________________________________________________________________
5. The class must behave. The class will not receive a free day.
7. Underline the subjects, circle the verbs and box the objects. Then decide if the sentence is
simple (S), compound (C) or complex (CX).
1. While the students were taking the exam, the teacher was preparing for his
lesson.___________
2. He took a long time driving to the party, so they were very late.___________
3. Both Jane and Jim ate pasta and went shopping.____________
 4. I can imagine you wearing that jacket and running away like that.__________
5. Would you rather take the Jeep or the Lexus?_____________
6. I think Anne was talking about going on a ski trip with Michael.___________
7. I remember taking that exam although it was a long time ago.____________
8. As soon as you're ready, we'll go._______________
9. The visitors complained loudly about the heat, yet they continued to play golf every
day._____________
8. Finish the sentences by choosing the correct subordinate conjunction. You can
only use each one once.

although because while after until

as soon as before when if whereas

1. ___________ you take the pot out of the oven, wear the oven gloves.
2. I won't give you the card ___________ you tell me where mine is.
3. Ice cream will actually make you warmer rather than colder ___________ it contains so
many calories.
4. Cats have more than 100 vocal sounds, ___________ dogs have only about 10.
5. You know it's going to be a bad day ___________ your boss calls you at 8 am.
6. ___________ you want to know where I want, check the GPS.
7. ___________ the bell rings, you can go. Be patient.
8. I went to the party ___________ I really didn't want to.
9. ___________ you see your name on the list, take a seat.
10. ___________ I was driving, I saw many new billboards.

9. Use the words in brackets to complete sentences (think about direct and indirect
object use.

Example: I wanted to give ___ . (a doll/her) I wanted to give her a doll.

- I promised to deliver _________________________________ .(the parcel/her)
-We have already shown _________________________________. (Sam/to/the project)
-We will write __________________________________________. (a letter/John)
-I can lend _____________________________________________. (the book/her)
-They will immediately send __________________________________. (us/to/an email)
-Keep __________________________________________________. (the place/her/for)
-They've bought __________________________________________. (daughter/a flat/their)
- Show __________________________________________. (him/the room/to)
-You should give ______________________________________. (some flowers/your teacher)
-My mum made _______________________________________ . (for/a cake/me)
-We always read ________________________________________ . (to/stories/our son)
-No problem. I'll bring _______________________________________ . (you/for/it)

10. Write a pros and cons essay (argumentative essays) on the topic “Is it good to live
forever?” in not less than 160 words and underline the direct and indirect objects.