7.

1 Conclusion

This paper demonstrated the determination of a sensor response based small-scale irrigation monitoring
scheme in Ethiopia. Mainly soil moisture sensor and a LDR sensor was deployed along with Arduino Uno
and DC-motor to consecutively monitor soil moisture contents and light intensity of the irrigation field.
The integrated sensors to ATmega328P equipped Arduino Uno Microcontroller based reflexive irrigation
system have designed and simulated automatically. Based on simulation result, when the sensed soil
moisture and light intensity became less than the preset threshold value, the microcontroller sent
signals to the driver that trigger the water pumping dc motor to turn ON pumping head through shaft
until it achieved the desired moisture.

Other than controlling the moisture level of the soil, this paper also created a way that enables the
farmer to follow up on the environmental condition of the land to be irrigated and the status of the
water source. This is achieved by integrating a temperature and humidity sensor to the embedded
system and by giving live feedback on the status of the main source of the water which is achieved by
integrating ultrasonic water level sensor and GSM Module in to the system.

This paper was entailed design and automation of Ethiopian small-scale irrigation system entirely
energized by solar energy. Proteus 8.6 and Arduino IDE programming were used to design, assembly and
automate the system. Thus, theoretical execution of this entire embedded system has been functional
thoroughly and it will enable the farmers easily to monitor under and over irrigation difficulties via
watering only the real required amount and dewatering without labor intensity.

Depending upon the soil texture of the farmland this system can be used to in a way that incorporates
the property of the soil basically the water absorbing property of the soil. So, the system can be used for
soils with different water absorbing property
Future Works
In order to practically improve and implement the effectiveness of this entire automatic
irrigation scheme and controlling soil moisture integrating sensors with microcontroller
powered by photovoltaic energy, the following recommendations must be put into future
considerations:

 As stated through out the paper this system requires a technical person intervention to
change the predefined soil moisture level according to the water absorbing property of
the soil. This can be a tedious work for the technical person but it can be made an easy
one for the farmer by integrating the system with a simple database based mobile
application that will let the farmer change the predefined value of the tank level and soil
moisture level and simply using his/her mobile.