An Integrated Coursb

12 CHOICE
TYPE QUESTIONS
QUESTION

MULTIPLE
than
than two answers). Select the
two answes

corect answer
more
(fwo or
responses
mltiple
conprises
questions (a) they are economical to operate
following
Nofe
Each of the function of
the signal (b) they are easy and convenient tu
the
system
measurement
(c) they are cheaper than strip-chat
generalised analogos
1.In
a eement is t measurement
to an
(d) they can be conveniently used tor
manipulating
the quantity
under
its (c) both (a) and (b)
continioR,
tecrefita
change
(a) while retaining
input signal
10. An x-y recorder has x-inpu
t
signal ofthe and y
(6)change
the magnitade
multiplication.
Input a \
addition and in
identioy
linear operations
like
chopping,
clipping I sin 314 +respectively. The trace. .
tcerfom like fihening,
operations (a) straight line.
(d) prfvm
mn-linear
(b) parabola
(c) circle.
and clamping (d) ellipse.
time varying The recording head in a
A roonder
instrument
which displays
a
agnetic tape
respor
an inticating (a) electrical signal and creates a to
(a)is
signal. record the
value of quantity (b) thermal signal and creates a magnetic magnetic signal
function is to
)isa device whose
measured.
(c) magnetic signal and creates an electrieaf signal
function
it is being as a
as
non-electrical quantities (d) thermal signal and creates an electricalsi
(c) rconds electrical
and
to each other. 12. Consider the follow signalr
statements regarding
oftime or relates two signals

d both (b) and (c).

of
recorders.
1. They have a wide frequency range.
magnetic "a
recorders have the advantage(s)
Strip-chart usable width. 2. They have low distortion.
run. b) more actually
(a) long peniod lever actions. 3. The storage of data is volatile.
in chart speed simply by
c) possibility of change (e)all ofthe above.
d uniform resoluton.
Of these statements
(a) 1,2 and 3 are correct. (b) 1 and2 are
recorders implies corect.
The zero-suppression in
4. a point other than the (c) 2 and 3 are correct. (d) 1 and 3 are
(a)recording signals with reference to corect.
ero. 13. Which one of the following plays an
important role in the ie
component so that rest of the signal is recording of audio signals on magnetic tape recorder'
(b) removing the static

dispiayed with more expansion. (a) Width of the air gap of the recording head.
inertialess components to improve transient
c)providing (b) Thickness of the tape used for recording.
response. (c)Material of the recording head.
d) designing the recorder for zero eTor.
(d) Speed of the motor. (U.P.S.C. 1E.S. ETE S
Galvanometer type recorders use
14. The main drawback of direct recordingis
(a) vibration galvanometer. (b) ballistic galvanometer.
(a) complicated circuitry. (6) poor signal-to-noier
(c) D'Arsonval galvanormeter.
(d) tangent galvanometer.
(c)poorreliability.
(d) limited high frequency response.
6. Galvanometer used in recorders is
15. The advantages of FM magnetic tape recording are
(a) an ordinary D'Arsonval galvanometer.
(a) it can record from dc to several kHz.
(b) somewhat different from the ordinary D'Arsonval
galvanometer. (b) it is free from dropouteffects
r
(c) aD'Arsonval galvanometer with large moving coil, strong (C)it is independent of amplitude variations and repoduas
magnetic field and critical damping. waveform of the input signal accurately.
(d) a D'Arsonval galvanometer with (d) all of the above.
large moving coil, weak
magnetic field and critical damping. 16. The digital tape recording has the advantage(s)o
(e) both (b) and (c).
(a) giving highly accurate results.
7. The
potentiometric recorders have the advantage(s) of (b) insensitivity to speed of tape.
(a) very high input impedance. (c)need of a simple data conditioner.
(b) high sensitivily. (d) feeding information directly to digital co
d i g i t a lcomputes

c) high response to
(d) both (a) and (b).
rapidly changing quantities. processing and control.
8. The main drawback of (e)all of the above.
in a
balancing recorders is that Continuous recording ofa signal is not
possible
(a) their ability to to respond rapidly changing quantities is 17. recorder

limited. quite (a) magnetic tape recorder. (b) strip charte (d) Galvanometricreconu

(b) low input IU.PS.C LES EA

impedance.
(c)low input sensitivity.
(c) X-Y recorder.
(d) none of these.
rect?

9. The advantages 18. statements is

not
of x-y recorders are that Which one of the following
type*
Answers: 1.
Data loggers are usually of digital 0
(¢), 2. (d), 3.
(e), 4. (b), 5. (C), 6. (e), 7. (d), 8. (),17.
18
(a), 9. (e), 10. (c), 11.
550 (a), 12. (b), 13. (d), 14.
(0
 onic Instrumenta
umentation

olemeter
is essentially
entiometric recorder
an A-D converte
has a frequency responsec 28. A
diaphragm has a natural frequency of ) k .
If hoth its diameter
12
A digita. and thickness are
halved, the natural
a
galvanonmetric
recorder.
(a) 15 kHz. (b) frequency is
A t h a n that of ere are ergonomic advanta 240 kHz. (c)
60k
transducers,
there

29. The instrumentation (d 120 kHz

IU.P.S.C..S. E.1E. . 20081
presenting
In
digital digitaldata,.
signals from which ofamplifiers
the
are used principally teo
amplify
d)
following
iis most suitable to study
instruments
(a) Transducers. following?
the transient
t
around 10 kHz? (c) Choppers. (b) Active fliters
Whichon ofa
damped
(d) D/A converters.
viour
(b) Recorder.
Double b e a m C R O .
behav

the (d) Plotter.

30. Which one of the
tPRCPA FV.,
S t o r a g eO s c i l l o s c o p e .

IUP.S.C. 1.E.S. E.T.E.-I, 20051

pressure sensor?
following in simple elemental
forms is not a

mechanism is actually an instrument system (a) Cantilever beam.

T h ei n s t r u m e n t s e r v o m e

(b) Bourdon tube.

which are (c) Diaphragm.
components, (d) Bellows.
of transduceers.
made
excusively
passi
ve

b ) e x c l u s i v e l ya c t i v e t r a n s d u c e r s .
31. Consider the following statements: rUPs.CLPS F.TR z00
a)
o f passive transducers and active transducers. A transducer converts
(c)combinationo
primary sensing elements. 1. mechanical energy into electrical
dexclusively IUP.S.C. LE.S. E.T.E.-1, 2016] 2. energy.
mechanical displacement into electrical
of the instrumentation systems for 3. form of energy into another form of
one
signal.
element in most
mon
inearity in its characteristics is 4. electrical energy into mechanical form. energy.
A Common

compactness
and
reasons
of ts b) helical spiral springs. Which of these statements is/are correct?
(a) cantilever beams.
(d) torsion bars. (a) 1 and 4. (b) 1 and 2.
(c) load cells
(c) 3 alone. (d) 1 alone.
element application to measurement is
The limitation of bellow
The h
(U.PS.C.LE.S. E.TE 200
lack of
due to their 32. An inverse transducer converts
(a) flexural rigidity. (b) low spring rate.
(a) electrical energy to any other form of energy.
(e) zero stability. (d) flexibility.
(b) electrical energy to light energy.
used for
Pitot tubes are (c) mechanical displacement into electrical signal.
()industrial applications. (d) electrical energy to mechanical form.
(b) laboratory experimental purposes.
(c) both industrial and laboratory applications. 33. Transducers that are based on the variation of parameters due to
(d) None of the above. application of any external stimulus are known as
(a) resistive transducers. (6) active transducers.
4 Consider the following statements:
I. The main shortcomings of diaphragms are that they are prone (c)passivetransducers. (d) displacement transducers.
to shock vibrations. 34. Self-generating type transducers are transducers.
2. have the advantages of and high accuracy (a) active b) passive (c)secondary (d) inverse
Diaphragms good
dynamic response. 35. Which one of the following is not a self-generating ype ranscucer
s.Selection of material for diaphragms mainly depends upon (a) Thermocouple and thermopile.
leTmperature range and chemical nature offluid coming in contact b) Piezoelectric pick-up.
with diaphragm during pressure measurement. (c) Photovoltaic cell
Which of the above
statements is/are correct? (d) Magnetostriction gauge. IUPS.C. LE.S. E.E-L S21
(a) 1,2 and 3.
b) 2 and 3 only.
(c) 1 only. 36. Which one of the following is a passive transducer?
(d) 1 and 2 only.
(a) Piezoelectric. (b) Themocouple.
5. U.P.S.C. 1.E.S. E.E.-I, 2010) (c) Photovoltaic cell. (d) LVDT.
Ifthe number of bellows elements is made (U.P.S.C. LES E.TE. 1. 0 s
ofthe double and the thickness
Or bellowselement is made half, the
the same placement of the elemen 37. Which one of the following
transducers is an active transducer?

a) 16 times.applied
transducer.
pressure would be the (a) Piezoelectric pressure (c) Semiconductor strain gauge
(b) Metallic strain gàuge.
c) same. (b) 4 times.
(d) Platinum resistance thermometer.
(d) one-fourth.
rotameter works on the
a) pressure. 38. Consider the following transducers:
principle of variable: 2. Piezoelectric
e) area. (b) length. 1. LVDT
4. Photovoltaic cell
(d) resistance. 3. Thermocouple
1. active transducers?
Which of the above are
onsider the U.P.S.C. 1.E.S. E.T.E.-1, 2016) (b) 1. 2 and 4.
directly: following
wing units for the measurement of
pressure
(a)
(c)
1, 2 and 3.
2 and 4 only.
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Rotameter.
Planti meter. 2. Bourdon tube.
IUPSC. LES. EE-L 2014
active
ithese, transducers is classified as an
4. Vanes. 39. Which of the following
a) I the
pressure
and 2only. can be transducer?
c) 2only. measure
ured by
Metallic strain gauge.
(b) Capacitive microphone.
(b) 3 and 4 (a) (d) Piezoelectric transducer
only. (c)LVDT.
(d)
nSWErs. 9.19. 1,2, 3 and 4.
[U.P.S.C. 1.E.S. E.E.-I, 2010]
IUPS.C. 1E.S. E.E.-I. 20021

(b), 20. (a), (d).

(C),
c), (b), 22. (b), 23. (c), 24. (a), 25. (a), 26. (c), 27. (c), 28. (c), 29. (a),
21. 30. (a), 31. (), 32. (a), 33. (b), 34. 35.
(d),37. (a), 38. (d), 39. 43.
(d) 551
 12 An tntograted Courae in Electrical Engineering

(a) 200 turns

40. Pair of active transducers is
(b) Thermmocouple, Thermistor. (c) 20 turns (b)
(a) Themmistor, Solar cell. 20X0) Lurnturr
(d) 200%X)
(c) Themovouple, Solar voil. (d) Solar cell, LVDT.
IPS.C1.ES EE-, 20011 sL. A 3-tum 100 kS2 turns
What is the potentiometer with 1.
Which of the following can act as an inverse transducer?
(a)
potentiometer constant?
0.1 V/turn nearity uses?
(a) LVDT. (b) Strain Gauge.
(d) Bimetal strip. (c) 33.33 V/turn (b) 10 Vhurn
Neroclectic erystal. UP.S.C. L.E.S. E.T.E. 1, 2015) (d) 0.3 N
The lower limit of useful working range of a transducer is 52. strain gauge is
A hurn
determined by (a) mechanical
passive transducer and is.
s employed fo
(a)minimumuseful input level. (b) essure into a
splacement into
change
change of resistance
a

(b) transdacer error and noise. (c) force into

(d) dynamic response.
displacer
cement. (d) ance esistanc
(c)cross-sensitivity 53. Which oneof the
none o
43 Consider the following statements associated with electrical/ ollowing gives gauge
electronic transducers: (a) AL RAR factorrof a c

1. Mass-inertia effects are minimized. b) AL ain gave

These transducers consume very little power. /4D L
(c)
3. The response time is large.
4 Transmission and processing the signal for the purpose of
RD (d)
measurement are casier.
defined asTCP.SC. 1ES ERS
54.
Select the coect answer using the codes given below
Gauge factor of a strain gauge is
is
change in the defined as ther
the
Codes: ratio of a
(a) conductivity to the per un
(a) 1,2 and 3.
(c) 1.3 and 4.
(b) 2,3 and 4 499 1 on the element. per unit change in applied foro.
d) 1, 2 and 4.
(b) resistance to the per unit
U.P.S.c.1.E.S. E.T.E.-I, 2001) change in the length of
An (c) stress to the per unit
ac
signal conditioning is normally used for change in strain of the thethe element
4

(a) resistive transducers like strain (d) current to the per unit elemen
ment.
b)
gauge.
inductive and capacitive transducers.
in change the length of the el
elemen.
C)piezoelectric transducers.
d) All of the above.
55. The
sensitivity factor of strain gauge is U.PSC.LES. E.TEA
(a) 1 to 1.5 (b) 1.5 to 2.0 (c) 0.5 normally of the order ad

45. While to 1 d) Sto

selecting a transducer for a particular application, only 10
(a) input characteristics should be 56. A structural member is
considered. The nickel wire strain compressed produce a strain of Sunin
to
(b) output characteristics should be considered. gauge has a gauge factor of -12.1.
stress resistance of the The pre
(c)Lransfer characteristics should be considered. gauge is 120 2. The
(d) input output and transfer characteristics due to compressive strain will change in resistane
should be considered.
46. In aresistance (a) increase the resistance by 7.26 m2.
potentiometer, the nonlinearity
(a) decreases with the increase in (b) decrease the resistance by 7.26 m2.
ratio of potentiometer to loadd (c) increase the resistance by 49.6 m2.
resistance.
(b) increases with the increase (d) decrease the resistance by 49.6 mSQ.
in ratio of
potentiometer to load 57. The resistance of
(UPS.C.LES EEL3
resistance. 125 2 strain gauge changes by 1 9 for
(c) is independent of the micro-strain. The gauge factor for strain gauge is 4
ratio of potentiometer to
(d) none of the above. load resistance. (a) 1.5 (b) 2.0 (d) 3.0
(c) 2.5
47. [U.P.S.C. LE.S. E.E-, D
High value pot resistance leads to
(a) low sensitüvity. ,
S8. A strain gauge with a resistance of 250 Q undergoes acha
(c) low noniinearity.
(b) high sensitivity.
. 150 S2 during a test. The strain is 1.5 x 104. Then the g
(d) less error,
48. Which one of the factor is
transducer is correctfollowing
? statements for a
potentiometric (a) 2.0 (b) 3.0 (c) 4.0 ( d )
10

(a) It is a zero order U.P.S.C. LES. E.E, M

(b) It is a first order displacement transducer. 59. A resistance strain gauge ge factorof
2.0is
fastenc

(c) It is a displacement transduce

zero order temperature member subjected to a stress of 100 N/m
mdui

(d) It transducer.
a
steel
of elasticity o f steel is approximately 2 x 10 /mm
isa seond order displacement
transducer. percentage change in resistance is
49. How U.P.S.C, .E.S, (d) LES EEL 0.10
can
resolution of a wire wound E.T.E.-1, 20071 (a) 1.50 (b) 1.00 (c) 0.15 IUP.S.C.
(a) By increasing the potentiometer
improved? be fianr

(b) By decreasing the applied voltage.

gauge

60. ohm andag sTe

(c) By reducing the applied voltage.

A strain
gauge having a sistance of 500 undergoing
tensile

Imeasuneia

(d) By increasing thediameter of the resistance wire. 3.0 is bonded on a member of ucture
accurate

If the is
diameter of the change in resistance of theg a u g e ember

resistance wire. what is the value of strain suftered (d) 0003

50. What is the number U.P.S.C.LES, E.TE.-, 2005) .ohm, [U.P.S.C.LESEE
(a) 0.01 (c) 0.1
potentiometer with of turns of wire
needed
(b) 0.0001 bondedu
a
resolution of 0.05 per cent? to
providea
Answers: 40.
61. A
resistance strain gauge with gaugefactor of
(c), 41. (c), 42. (b), 43. (d), 44. (b), 45. a steel member, which is subjected to
57. (b), 58. (c), 59. (d), 46. (b),55.(b1
(d), 60. (b), 47.(b), 48. (a), 49. 53. (b), 54.
(b), 61. (b) (c), 50. (b), 51.(a). (a),
552
 ana Etocronic
ctronic Instrumen
mentation

alresistan
stance
value
fthisstrain is
o ft
strain
gauge is 1202 The change 70. In
semiconductor strain
strain is applied? gauges, what
12
happens
applied

to
to
the
the
(b) 240
x 10 when a teridtie
esistance
due
due

(a) Resistance
orgnce
(d) 60 x 10 Q
(b) Resintance increases in N-type of materials
(U.P.S.C.ES EE 1, 2010
(c) Resistance increases in P-type of
602
in

increases in hoth Pandmaterial

2402

rorms
one
arm
(d) Resistance decreases in both P N-type of materials
figu and N-type of material
A
Strain

bridge
gauge
shown

nominal
in
the

esistance V,
resis
R 71. The drawbacks
of strain
300 2. gauges are
has (a) low
the nd
asR,
load resistances
=

are
fatigue
(6) that they are
life.
w i t h ob r i d g e
2. he
The
variations.
expensive, brittle, highly sensitive to
Other
R3
=
300

R2 temperatire
maximum= permissible

= R2
current

(c) poor linearity.

R. is
gauge (d) that they are
prone to hysteresis and
strain

through
the measurement
(c) both (b) and
(c). creep effects.
During excited by maxim permissible voltage and
20
mA.
dge is
w/henthebrid 1% over the
increased by
nominal value, the 72. Strain gauges are
constructed with Germaniun chips
esistanceis Germanium because
straun mVis
the
voltage V in (a) has a strong Hall Effect.
utput (b) 40.83
c) 29.85 (d) 10.0
(c) can be doped. (b) is
crystalline in nature.
IGATE EE., 2013) (d) has piezoelectric
property.
(a) 56.02

he change in resista
tance under strained U.PS.C. LE.S. E.T.E.-L,
wound
strain g a u g e s ,
the 73. In
semiconductor strain gauge, the
a 29 te
n vire
wire

1s mainly
on
account of
application of strain is change in resistance on
b) change in length of wire.
condition
in
diameter
of wire. (a) much higher than the case of metal
(a)change diameter of wire. strain gauges and this is
change in
both length and mainly due to change in dimensions.
C
change
in resistivity. (b) much higher than the case of metal strain
(d) are gauges and this is
Unbonded
strain gauges mainly due to change in resistivity.
4 exclusively used for
transducer applications.
(c) lower than the case of metal strain
a)
for stress analysis. gauges.
exclusively used (d) None of the above.
b) used for both stresS analysis and transducer
el commonly 74. The wire material
of strain
gauges should have
applications. (a) high resistivity and high thermo-emfs.
(d) None of the above. (b) low resistivity and high thermo-emfs.
Bonded strain gauges are (c) low resistivity and low thermo-emfs.
for construction of transducers.
) exclusively used (d) high resistivity and low thermo-emfs.
) exclusively used for stress analysis.
75. The strain gauge should have
analysis and for construction of
c)used for both stress
1. high gauge factor.
transducers. 2. low resistance temperature coefficient.
d) none of the above.
3. high resistance
6. Over wire strain gauges foil strain gauges have the advantages of Which of the above statements are correct?
() higher heat dissipation capacity and better bonding. (a) I and 2 only. (b) 1 and 3 only.
6) superior mechanical stability under prolonged strained and c) 2 and 3 only. (d) 1,2 and 3.
high temperature conditions, low hysteresis and creeping (U.PS.C. LES. ETE.-I, 2o13)
effects 76. The carrier material employed with strain gauges at room
(c)excellentreproducibility and longer life. temperature is
d) all of the above.
. (a) impregnated paper. (b) bakelite.
In
semiconductor strain gauge, the
a

application of strain is mainly due to change

in resistance on (d) aluminium foil.
(c) epoxy.
(a)length of the wire. changein
to determine
(b) diameter of the wire. 77. A rosette gauge is used
Cresistivity
() both the
of the material of the wire. (a) principal stress direction only.
length and diameter of the wire. (b) principal strain direction only.
68. strain direction and magnitude.
Which of the
(U.P.S.C. 1E.S. E.T.E.-, 2013 (c) principal stress or
following is not
ges as compared to conventionaladvantage of semiconductor
an (d) principal strain direction and magnitude.

a Excellent strain gauges. 78. Rosette gauges are employed measuring for
hysteresis characteristics. (b) variable strain.
Least
) sensitive to temperature (a) strain in a
direction.

High fatigue life. changes. (c)strain in more than one direction.

d) Smaller size. (d) small strains.
pressure can be done by using wire, foil or Platinum is the commonly
used metal for resistance-temperature
semicondnductor
huctor
type strain
type of strain
gauges. The disadvantage of the
79.
detectors (RTDs) because
ms of available pure in form at reasonablerates
gaus
auge compared to the other two is in (a) it is commercially
a)gauge factor. (b) it is relatively stable under various environment
wide operating temperature range.
conditions.

perature sensitivity. (6) hysteresis characteristics.

(d) frequency above.
(c) it has
(d) all of the
[UP.S.C.responSc
L.E.S-E.T.E.-1, 20151
62 (c),
9. d 63. (c), 64. 71. (e), 72. (c), 73. (a),
74. (d), 75. (d), 76. (a), 77. (c), 78. (c).
(b), 65. (d), 67. (c),68. (b), 69. (c), (b),
,06. 70.

553
 in
Course Elet
Integrated
An
R= a(T2 - T,) b(T - T)
12 resistance
thermometer
is in which range?
(c)
(d) R= Ara
+

The hest use ofa

S0. about 1100°C ab. A. P, a are
Between 600°C to
values, constants, T
(a)
Between 1100°C
o
1400°C.
temperature
R,o. R are T2
()
(c)
(d)
Bctween
Above 180°C.
1400°Cto
I800C.

.P.sc. ES.
.T.A.-I,

semiconductor
2007 90. Which of the following should be ine resistancesTare difete
elements made from make a temperature sensing bridge mo porated
thermometer
(a) Platinum. in the RTT
(b) Nickel sitive to temper
Resistancr
ompunds are called
(c) Thermistor.
(a) hot wire anemomecter (d) Copper
()semionductor
temperanure sensors.
91, Considerthe following statemenis:
(c)thermistors. The causes of error in the
transducer. measurement of
emperatuTe using
.
tdhot wireresistance thermistor are
material having very high
made out of a 1. self heating.
A semiconductor device

coefficient of resistance is 3. nonlinear characteristics.

2 poor sensitivity.
temperature
b) varistor.
(a)transistor. Which of these statements are correct?
d) thermistor.
(c)thyristor. P.S.C. LE.S. E.E.-I, 2014)
(a) 1,2 and 3. (b) 1 and 2
1 and 3 only.
(c) 2 and 3 only.
coefficient of resistance for a thermistor is (d)
The temperature
b) low and positive.
only.
(alow and negative.
(c) high and negative. d) high and positive. 92. Which curve in the given figure U.P.S.C. 1ES. ER1,
For which one of the following measurements a thermistor can be represents resistance temperature
characteristics of a thermistor?
used?
(a) Velocity. b) Humidity. (a) Curve A.
c) Displacement d) Percent of CO, in air. (b) Curve B.
(UPS.C. LES. E.T.E.-I, 2016
(c) CurveC.
85. Which of the following statements is not corect for thermistors?
(a) They have negative temperature coefficient of resistance.
(d) Curve D.
(b) The sensing element is made of sintered [U.P.S.C. L.E.S. E.E.-I, 2002]
ceramics, which
are oxides of metals in the form of beads.
(c) The variation of resistance with TEMPERATURE 'C
temperature is linear. 93. For a certain thermistor, the
(d) The resistance value at ambient
material constant (B) is 3,000 Keivn
temperature may range from and its resistance at 27°C is 1,050 ohm.
100 to 100 k2. What is the temperanure
fUP.S.C. L.E.S. E.T.E.-I, coefficient of resistances for this thermistor?
86. Consider the following statements in 2009
connection with measurement (a) 0.033 x 10 ohm/ohm/°C.
oftemperature (b) -0.033 ohm/ohm/°C.
A thermistor is
highly sensitive as compared with (d) -3.0 ohm/ohm/°C.
(c)-3.33ohm/ohm/C.
resistance thermometer. platinum UPS.C. LES EE-L, D
94. When
The resistance of a
thermistor is compared with other transducers measuring temperan
temperature whether the sourcesolely
a function of its
absolute four-lead platinum RTD
of heat is
both. external, internal or 1. has better
A thermistor
linearity over a wide operating range.
has linear resistance 2. has better
Most temperature characteristics. accuracy and precision.
thermistors exhibit 3. has better
stability at high temperature.
coefficient. negative resistance temperature 4. is inexpensive.
Which of these
statements are correct? Which of these are correct?
(a)1.2 and 3.
(C) 2,3 b) 1,2 and 4 (a) 1,2 and 3. (b) 1, 2 and 4.
and 4. d) 1,3 and (c) 1,3 and 4.
4. (d) 2,3 and 4. 1.ES EE LN
TUP.S.C.
87. Which one of (UP.S.C.
the following is the most LE.S. E.E.-I,
2001) 95. A usually connected ans
(a) Thermocouple. fixed resistor of suitable value is usually co
(c) Thermistor.
sensitive device? thermistor to
b) RTD.
d) Pyrometer. 4 decrease its resistance. (b) increase its s
88. Which of the UPSC. 1ES. C)
compensate its self-heating effect.
Resistance R following closely represents the E.T.E-I, 2006) (d) improve linearity.
(a) R=a R,T characterisücs of a thermistor ? temperature (T)- 96. ofathermne
Three
phenomena
behaviour

C) b) R=a R which govern the

-

a
R are effect

89, Ih AT is the (d)

difference in R- a Rg a Thomson effect, Seebeck effect, anisor
(b) Hall effect, beck effect, Peltier effect.
variation of resistance
with temperature, then for
D i ce f f e c t

(c) Peltier effect, omson effect, anisou

thermistors,
temperature follows a law of the
the d) Seebeck
effect.

() R nature. effect, Peltier ffect, Thomson WN consan

RT T) (b) 97.
Coldjunction in a
thermocouple 1s kn
Answers: 80. (a), R R,(1+a (a) the reference junction
m a i n t a i n e d
at a

97. (a)
81. (c), 82.
(d), 83. (¬). 84. AT) temperature. lemperature.
(d), 85. (c), the junction maintained a very
low (a

96.

554 86. (b), 87. (d),

(c), 88. (a), 89. (a), 90. 94. (a),

9 5

(c), 91. (0) * , 93. (b),

 Electrical and Electronic
Instrumentation
junction
n at
at
which th
which the temperature is sensed
UP.SC.E.S.ET1, 20141
107.
(a)
A
100rC.
(b) 120rC
(c) rC
12
c)the

None ofthe
above
metal
bets
junctions between metals and
room
thermocouple temperature indicator with (d) 20rC.

bath oftemperature
d) wo
The thermocouple emf is has a time reference junction at
thermocouple,
temperatures T, a n d 12P'C. If the room constant of I lt is
at dipped in a hot
s.

M,are
produced
kept
because

and T and T2 are also similar. type temperature indicator lemperature

will read
is 20PC, the
thernocoupie
1M, aresimilar. (a) 120°C. (b) after i
milar while"
while T, and T2 are similar. 108. For surface
10rC. (c) 83C.
aredissimilar
M,andM, a r e similar hile T, and T, are dissimilar.
temperature measurement one can(d)
(a) strain gauge. use
140PC

and M, (c) RTD. (b) diaphragm.

ssimilar and T, and T2 are also dissimilar (d) thermocouple.
M, a r e
M,
and
109. It is
required to measure
1500°C. The most suitabletemperature
d)
in the
range of 130°C to
Thermocouples
nmonly employed
indication of
for idly thermocouple to be used as
most
would be a transducer
are use
and for use in localized
localiz and in otherwise
(a) temperature (a) Chromel-constantan.
changing (b) Iron-constantan.
accessibleposition (c) Chromel-alumel. (d) Platinum-rhodium.
compensation.

Aneedreference
junction
voltage level.
110. Bridge circuits using resistance
temperature detectors (RTD's) in
a low output temperature measurements usually
c) have above. employ the "three lead system"
all of the So as to obtain
d) that
of thernmocouples
are
(a) higher sensitivity. (b) better impedance
Thedrawbacks accurate than RTDs and thermistors. (c) compensation for the signal wire resistance to thematching.
(a)theyare less detector.
leads. (d) reduction in power consumption.
(b)theyneed compensating is required in thermo-
ic reference junction compensation
111. The incorrect statement is
couples.
(a) thermistor has a high sensitivity.
(d) all of the above. (b) thermocouple does not require an external electrical source
the extension wires (C, D) for its operation.
101. For a thermocouple pair (A, B) ()platinum has a linear R-T relationship.
(a)should be identical pair elements.
(d) thermistor does not require an external source for its operacion
b) should be identical temperature emf relationship.
(UP.S.C. LES. E.T E.-L, 2910
c) can be of any two dissimilar materials.
112. The following transducer is used for accurate and precise
d) should have very small temperature emf sensitivity.
measurement of temperature
12. Which one of the following thermocouples has the highest (a) Thermistor.
temperature measuring range? (b) Thermocouple (Alumel-Chromel).
(a) Copper-Constantan. (b) Iron-Constantan. (c)Semiconductor temperature sensorchipP
c)Alumel-Chromel (d) Platinum Rhodium-Platinum. (d) Platinum resistance thermometer. [uPS.C. LES. E.TE. L20121
UP.S.C. LE.S. E.E.-I, 2004) 113. What is a differential transformer

junction of a thermocouple is taken from an Constant pressure transducer.

he measurement (a)
environment of 300°C to 600°C. If the time constant of the b) Variable pressure transducer.

netmocouple s, temperature indicated by it after I s will1be

is 1 () Constant displacement transducer.
U.P.S.C. LES EEI 2
nearly (d) Variable inductance transducer.
used for
(a) 300C. (b) LVDT, a transducer
400°C. (c) 500°C. (d) 600°C. 114. The expansion for the acronym
displacement measurement, is
[U.P.S.C. IE.S. E.E.-1, 2000]
transducer
h measured for a junction temperature difference of 20°C (a) low voltage displacement transducer.
vision displacement
e thermocouples made from materials A, B and C. The pair (b) light transducer.
variable displacement
air ves an emf of 165 uV, with end of A being positive. 1ne (c) linear differential
transformer.
variable EE L 2012)
A gves 100 uV with the end of C being positive. The par (d) linear UPSC LES
A-C will give
core is ofa made up
265 V with the end of A
being positive.
115. LVDT
(a) non-magnetic material.

0 265 uV with the end of C being ferroelectrical

material.

65 uV with the end of A positive. (b) a solid

nickel iron hydrogen
annealed material
in order to produce

being high sensitivity.

65AV with the end of C positive (c)
low harmonics, low
null voltage
and

being positive the above.

U5.
A [U.P.S.C. 1.E.S. E.E.-L, 20071 (d) All of configurations because
thermocoupl
in the r e
ge arranof
ment is to be used to measure temperature 116. Inductivetransducersare
is not
used in differential
i n f l u e n c e d by

temperature changes.
Suitable for this700-800°C. Point out the pair that would be most the output
external magnetic
fields. (b)

I6.
a) Copper-constantan.
c) Chromel-alumel. application. (b) Iron-constantan.
(a)
(c)variations
above.
voltage
of supply
and frequency

(d) All of the

(d) Platinum-platinum rhodium.
mocouple
temperatur with its reference
reference junction
1ts
exposed to 117. LVDT can
be used
for
(6) angular veocity
measurement

of 20°C gives an pen-circuit voltage of SmV. room

measurement.

jur If the (a)

vibration
in a beam.
OCOuple has temperature
casured temperature is ensitivity of 50 VPC,
the (c)
force
load
mcasurement

measurement
on a
column.

(d) (d),
Answers: 98. (d)," 106. (b), 107. (c), 108. (d),
109. (d), 110. (c),
111.

d), 99. 105. (b),

4. (d), 113.(d),(d,
104. (C),
100. (d). 102. (c), 103. (c), 555
(a),
(d), 114.
114. (d), 115. (b),
(b)»
116. (d), 117. (c)
 An Integrated Cou

12 of L\1DT is haned on
vaniation of 128. Considerthe
of synchros
lowing statements
Ihe winiple of operatin
a)
ehtan
4ndatanv
()mutualinhntanc
(d) ane Synchro
rotor
repeater has a
hree
garding comstrn
an i 1197 is'ae Disc shaped rotor of the phase statorW
T9The aihantagre Low
hysteresis
Linvand
Infinite mvution low resistance to the synchroro control tranand a

Whhh o thr a h e ahaniages

is/are ovwrv
3. 3 magnetic path.
Synchro transmitter has tree
) onty (d) 12and 2016] ha
n
nPA ES TE1, Of these statements a
frictionle
onless bearing
(a) 1.2 and 3 are
DT has vlkwing atvantagys) correct (b)
sensitivity and very high output. (c) 2 alone is correct.
intinite naton. high
k w tyxaesis god repeatahility
and capabilityoftolerating 129. A (d) 2 alone is cAMTect
h d and vihrahions (a)
synchrotransmitter
salient pole rotor
consists and 3
of a are
corretrect
dtmamx response. (d)
both (a) and (b). windin
phase balanced stator ted
Conoder the folkowing statements relating to an LVDT type of
b) three phase balanced winding by an ac

tramdarer
stator
balanced ac signal and winding suppsy
sup
and
irotor
connectedexcited
I.A sof iron oore provides the magnetic coupling
between a
to a by athre
(c) salient pole, rotor b
pmman ooil and two secondary coils, connected in series
(d) cylindrical roto winding excited by ade voltage va
ic
winding and
stepped signal
ppubon pulses. a
The outut is proportional to the displacement of the iron core.
130. A synchro is used to
The device is very sensitive and is linear over a wide range of
motion
4This ts avariable inductance transducer
(a) accelerate a rotating shaft.
(b) convert an angular
u.PSC..S.ER
Which of the statements given above are corect? position of a shaft into
(c) convert linear motion ei. an
into
ia1and 3. (b) 3 an 4. (d) amplify low angular position.
c and 2 (d) 1.2, 3 and 4. frequency signals.
UPS.C. LES. E.T.E.-I, 2004] 131. Which of the following statements
in an LVDT, there are two secondary coils which are connected (a)
Potentiometric linear is NOT true?
for singhe output. Which one of the
a
following is correct ? nal. displacement can
give high
(aThe coils are in series and in outu s
phase opposition. b) LVD transformer has low
The coils are in parallel and in
phase opposition. (c) Synchros and resolvers output impedance.
have low
proximity transducers accuracy.
c) The coils are in series and in the same (d) Eddy current
phase condition.
d The coils are in
parallel and in the same phase
condition. ducers. are
non-contact type Tms
132. [U.P.S.C. LE.S. E.E1,
in an LVDT. the two
IUPS.C. LES. E.T.E.-1, 2008) A
synchro transmitter transformer pair is used 2N
secondary windings
diferentai mode to oblain
are connected in The
sensitivity
of the pair is 100
as
eror detector
transformer turns through an V/radian. The rotor of the
(a)higheroutput voltage.
(b) areduction transformer rotor turns angle of 0.5 radian while the
in output through an
angle of 0.45 radian. The
in input impedance.
of error valie
c) an ncrease signal representing the two shaft
d) the nul for impedance. (a) 5V positions is
particular position of core. (b) 99.5 V (c) 90 V (d) 10V
133. The principle
124 AnacLVDT is given 6.3 V UPS.C. LES. E.T.E.-I, 2013) of operation used in capacitive transducers to esi
input and produces 5.2 V for a level of liquid is
of 0S nch. When
the core is
change
of
the -0.25 inch from the range (a) area of plates.
output produced ? centre, what is (b) dielectric strength
()-20 V b) +2.0V (C)distance between plates. (d) shape
of platesLES. EE-L
(c)-2.6 V (d) +2.6 v [U.P.S.C.
125 Seasitivity of LVDT is (LPSC. LES. E.T.E.-1,
2007)
134.
Capacitive transducers have the advantages or
(a)magnetic mainiy due to
(D) stuelding the
permeability of of core.
4)
very high input impedance, excellent frequency r
the core. stray
high sensitivity, and not being affected by
(c)Caccancellation
(d sulataon used ofthesecondary voltages. fields.
h. In a LVDT, the in winding UPS.C. LE.S. E.E.-I,
(6) very high
output impedance.
outpult (c) both (a) and (b). of the above
algebraicaly quantity
) 2003) (d) none

dafierence of thesummed
sunu
sinur

(b) to zero. 135. are

C)
»
two The dynamic characteristic of acitive
transducers

depends upon its rating.curents flowing in the two those of

127. An LVDTis used to (d) none of the
above.
secondaries. (a) low-pass filter.
(b) high-pass filter.

volumeter of measure I mm (d) band-stop TE

S00 is
connected
range
0to 2V
through displacement
for which a (c)notch filter. UPS.C. LES,ETEL
allelplatesofdhamet

LVDT is 2 mV, at the output of the

an
amplifier having
LVDT. If the a
gain of 156. is
te

(a) 1V/mm then the A Whut

sensitivity
of the output of the capacitive transducer consists fo.25
mm.

(c) 0.1 VImm (b) 0.5 VImm instrument

will be 2 em each and separated by an air gap o
d) 0.05 V/mm displacement sensitivity'? -300pFlcm
Answers: (a)+200 pF/cm
118. (b),119. (d), 120. (b) U P . S . C .L E . SE
. E - L

133.(b). 134. (a), (d), 121. (d),IUPS.C.

(d)+44.4pF/cm

LES. E.E.-1, 20121 (c)-444 pF/cm 124

1124

556 135. (6), 136. (c)

122. (a), 123. (d), 124. (e), 125. (b),
131.
(©)

(c), 1
126. (b), 127. (a), 129. (a),
(a) 128. (C),
**
 Electrical and Electronic
Instrumentation
A c a p a c t a n c et r a n s
ransducer uses two
quartz diaphragms of area
3.5
distance
The capacitance is
146. Consider the
Piezoelectric following
materials statements
12
by
a
kN/m* is applied, the
kN/nm2 defle
flection I.
separated
off900
separcsre o pressure
900
would be Crystal can be shown as electrical
this pressure
0of
When
a
capacitance
at th
325 pF (d) 275 pF.
an inductor
2. Quartz,
and
capacitora equivalent circuit similar to
(Tank circuit).
mm.
"he
The

(b) 447 pF. (c) U.P.S.C. .E.S. E.T.E.-Prelims, 2017 Rochelle salt, tourmaline.
.ó
3. Used in
is
619
pF
substances ? 4. This
voltage stabilizers.
(8)
are
piezoelectric exhibits the reverse effect of
the
following
2. Leàd titanate. Which of the above
statements are
electrostriction.
Whnch

Barnum
titanate.

Cadmium sulphate. (a) 1,2 and 4 only. correct?

4. (b) I and 2
3 L e a d
zirconate.

(b) 1,3 and 4 (c) 2 and 4

only. only.
(d) 1.2, 3 and 4.
4.
1.2
and4.
(d) 2. 3 and
(a)
1.2
and 3.
material used in producing
147. The
piezoelectric crystal voltage sensitivitytPSr. 19.s v2
is defined as
(c)
crystalline (a) Field developed per unit
a
(b) photoelectric transducer. force.
Rochelles
a)velocity
transducer.
(b) Field developed per unit
stress.
c)piezoelectrictransducer. (c) Voltage developed per unit stress.
transducer.
transformer
(d) Voltage developed unit force.
d) differential [U.P.S.C. 1E.S. E.T.E.- , 2002) per ru.PS.c. LES ET E zan
148. Piezoelectric crystal is generally employed
of the following defines piezoresistive effect? whict one of the
for the measurement of
Which one crystal subjected to mechanical following?
Production of voltage in
a
(a) Flow. b) Velocity.
strain.
c) Acceleration. (d) Temperature.
b) Changes in the value of resistivity of a conductor which is
strained.
149. Which
UPSC. LES. EE1, S
() Creation of strain in a crystal when electricity is passed one of the folkowing is the principal disadvantage of a

through the crystal. piezoelectric transducer?

d) Increase in the frictional resistance of a sliding contact under (a) It can measure force only.
theinfluence of magnetic field. u.P.S.C. L.E.S. E.T.E.-I, 20041 (b) It cannot measure static conditions.

emf (c) It is too small to handle. (d) It produces only de voitage.

41. Piezoelectric crystals produce an
UPS.C. LES. E.T.E-I, 004
(a)whenexternal mechanical force is applied to it.
(b) when external magnetic field is applied. 150. A 1 cm piezoelectric transducer having a g-coefficient of
) when radiant energy stimulates the crystal. 58 V/kg/m is subjected toaconstant pressure of 103kg/m' for
(d) when the junction of two such crystals is heated. about 15 minutes. The piezo voltage developed by the transducer
will be
42 Which of the following
transducers measures the pressure by (a) 116 mV b) 58 mV (c) 29 mV (d) OmV
producing emf as a function of its deformation?
(UPS.C. LES. EE L
a) Photoelectric
transducer. (b) Capacitive transducer.
) Inductive transducer. 151. The voltage sensitivities of Barium Titanate and Quartz are
(d) Piezoelectric transducer. respectively 12x 10 Vm/N and 50 x 10 Vm/N. Their respective
[U.P.S.C. 1.E.S. E.T.E.-I. 2016]
hiezoelectric materials owe their permittivities
are 12.5 x F/m 10 and 40.6x10
Fm. What are
a) presence of a centre of property to the their charge sensitivities?
b) lack of a
centre of
symmetry. (a) 1.04 x 10° C/N and 1.23 x 10 CN
C) presence of axis of symmetry.. (b) 150 pC/N and 2 pCN
d) lack of
axis of symmetry. (c) 24.5 pC/N and 90.6 pC/N
4.

Consider the symmetry.

following
[U.P.S.C. I.E.S. E.E.-1, 2000) (d) 0.9 x 10° CN and 1.23 x 10 CN UPsC LES B&1L

EZOelectric materials statements 152. A piezoelectric crystal has a

thickness of 2.5 mm and a voitage

mechanical energy intouseful

are
for converting sensitivity of 0.05 Vm/N. The piezoelectric crystal subjected
is to

ciecctrical energy intoelectrical energy an external pressure of 1.6 x 10° Nm, then the corresponding

cchanical energy intomechanical energy.

chemical energy.
output voltage is

nemical
Of these statements
energy into (a) 200 volts.
a mechanical energy. (b) 3.2 x 10
volts/m of thickness.
c) and 2are (c)0.07 x 10 V/(m'New).
4 1alone is correc. (6) 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct. volts.
PSC LES EEL 2010
Consider the
correct. (d) 2,3 and 4 are correct.
(d) 200 m
titanate crystal has a thickness of 2 mm. ls voltage

Oelectric following statements:

A SOurce ofmaterials serve as
153. A barium
sensitivity is 12 x 10 Vm/N.
What is the voltage generated?
lt is subjected to a pressure of

0.5 MN/m.
When electricultrasonic waves. (a) 3V (b) 6 V ( c )
5 V d)12V
3, field is applied, the
Cd
Dstances
mverts electricalnot applied,
energeare
all
1s
mechanical dimensions
at or coetficient K of 0.32. How
altered. erystal has a coupling
Whiconverts
h of the thermal energ
gy to mechanical
and vice versa
154. A piezoelectric
much electrical energy
must be applied
to produce ouput energy

aonly.
e 1andI above only.
ergy to electrical
stateme (6)
energy.
nents is/are correct? of 7.06 x 10
(a) 25.38 mJ
J?
(b)
(d)
22.19 m
2.26 m
2 and 3
TS.
(d)
only. (c) 4.80 mJ IUPSCLES E.E L 01o
1,2, 3 and 4.
S7.6), 138.(c),. 1
52.(a), [U.P.S.C. 1.E.S. E.E.-1, 20101
(b). 148. (©), 149. (b), 150. (d), 1S1.(6),
153. 139.(c), 140. (a). 146. (d), 147.
(d), 154. b 1 4 1 . a ) , 142. (d). 143. (b), 144. (a), 145. (c),
557
 An Integrated Couree In Electrlcal Engineerina
12 thick, (a) of false
a piezoelectric material, 0.5 pulses
cm
155. A votage is generated acnassN/m*. The voltage coefficient of the (b) in forward and because of clectri.
subjoted to an impact of 5
in one direction reverse
al noise.
material is 23 kV-m/N. The magnitude of
the voltage generated (c)
(d) for single revolution in
only. directions
will be a
(a) 2,300V. (b) 1,650 V. (c) 1,150
V. (d) 575 V. multiple t
UP.s.C. LE.S. E.T.E-Prelims, 2017/ 169. Incremental encoders use track,
156. Phezoelectric transducers have the following advantage(s).
(a) These are small in size, light in weight
and very rugged in
(a)
(c)
one channel.
twochannels and (b) W.PSCY.SY1
two channels
construction. (d) None of the above.sometimes thr.ainels
(6) wide operating temperature range. 170. The drawbacks of
incremental
hannels
(C)very good frequency response and quite large output. (a) any false pulse resulting encoderss are t
(d) all of the above. which will persist even from electri
on noise will ca
Hall effect transducers have the drawbacks of
(a)high sensitivity to temperature variations.
(b) variation of Hall coefficient from plate to plate.
b) the failure of
ower supply
which cannot be retrieved disappearance
causes total k ofof noise. cne
even after loss of pe
(c) these encoders are
C)poor resolution. (d) both (a) and (b). usually limited restoraticn c4
revolution. to a
meace
158. A Hall effect transduceris generally used for the measurement of (d) both (a) and (b).
(a) power. (6) current.
171. Absolute encoders are normally used
(c) displacement. (d) voltage. (a) one revolution. for
[U.P.S.C. LE.S. E.T.E.-I, 2012)
(b) continuous speed in clockwise
150. Magnetic flux can be measured by direction.
(a) capacitive pick-up.
(c) continuous speed in counter clockwise
b) inductive pick-up. (d) counting least significant bits. direction
c) resistive pick-up. (d) Hall-effect pick-up.
172. Absolute encoders are used where [U.PS.C. LES. ETEA
[U.P.S.C. L.E.S. E.T.E.-1, 2000]
160. Hall effect device can be used to (a) fast varying signals are not used.
(a) multiply two signals. b)when position data is to be recovered even
(b) divide one signal by another on an instantaneous basis. power outage. after aiempora
(c)add two signals. (c) transient noise can be tolerated as it causes
disturbance. only atramsig
(d) subtract one signal from another.
161. The measurement of Hall coefficient of a semiconductor with one (d) All of the above.
type of charge carrier gives the information about 173. A spatial encoder is an/a
(a) sign of charge carrier. (b) density of charge carrier. (a) digital to analog converter. (b) analog to digital convener
c)both sign and density of charge carrier. (c)opticalencoder. (d) passive device.
(d) mass of the charge carrier.
174. Optical and
[U.P.S.C. L.E.S. E.E.-I, 2010]
photoelectric sensing systems are used by
162.
Magnetoelastic transducers work on the principle of (a) shaft-angle encoders. (6) optical encoders
(a) change of dimensions with (c) photosensors. (d) magnetic encodes
change of applied stress.
b) change of permeability with
change in stress. 175. Moire fringes are used for measurement ofrotarydispas
(c) change of coercive force with
(d) None of the above.
change of stress. along with
(a) only contact-type encoder.
163. The phenomenon of magnetostriction is significant in (6) only optical encoder.
(a) germanium. (b) nickel and nickel-iron. (c) both contact type and optical encoders.
(C)barumtitanate. (d) lead zirconate-titanate. (d) None of the above.
164. A solar cell is a
. ransducer. 176. Name the instrument for angular measuremeue
(a) photovoltaic
(b) photoemissive (a) Tachometer.
(b) Strobometer.

(c)photoconductive (d) photoresistive (d) LVDT.

165. Which of the following does not (c) Shaft encoder.

astransducer? require auxiliary circuitry if used 177. The resolution of a 8-bit shaft encoder i5 (b) 36029
(a) Capacitance. (a) 360/27. ofthe
above
(b) Photovoltaic cell. (d)
None

(c)Resistance. (d) Inductance. (c) 360°/28. a

data into forming.
input
166. The most light sensitive transducer for 178. The operation of converting an
and
electrical power is the conversion of light intoo a series of logic signals of zero
level
(a) photodiode. number is (b) decoding.

c) photoconductive cell. (b) solar cell.

(d) photovoltaic cell. (a) coding. (d) converter

(c) frequency counter.

167. The
tachometer encoder has [U.PS.C. 1.E.S. E.T.E.1, 2000)
179. A bolometer is an element that
(a) one output.
(c) three outputs. (b) two outputs. (a) senses thermal output. t output

and gives
(d) All of the above. senses optical input electrica t i c a lo u t p u t .

168. gives
A
tachometer encoder can be used for (c) senses optical input
and

measurement of speed ( a ) s e n s e s electrical input and gives op (0%1

168
Answers: 155.(d), 156. (d), (d,167.
(a),

157. (d), 158. (b),

159.
(a), 172. (d), 173. (b), 174.(d), 160. (a), 161. (c), 162. (b), 163. (b), 164.
170. (d), 171. 16.

558
(b), 175. (b), 176. (C), 177.
(C), 178. (a), 177.
 Electrical and Electronic Instrumentation
12
1ng
m e a s u r i n
91Dummy strain gauges are used for
for (b) optical inputs. (a) compensatiom of temperatiure changes
used

of thesec.
(a)electrica
sl
are

ignals.
neters
(d)
none (h) increasing the sensiti vity of bridge
150
()Bolo
t h e r m a lradiations. used f
for
(c) compensating fer differenf expanaio
o r measuring

cannot
be
used

(b) differential pressure. (d) calibration of stfain gauge

ng-balancenneter (d) total flow. 192. Why is strain gauge hridge sometimes excited witih ac
ressure. (a) It has a stable performance with ac
(C)masst l o wrate.
is ised
for accurate and linca
cement t r a n s d u c e r
(b) Its sensitivity is more with ac
NWhich
displacemne
(b) Surain gauge. (c Power frequency pick-up can he avokded with ae
measurement (d) AC outputcan be easily ampfified. Psr 1417.1
(UP.S.c. LE.S. E.
193. Very small displacements are effectively measured asing
c)Potentiometer
(a) LVD7

displacement
transducer.
(a) LVDT. b) Strain guge.
itive excellent frequency response
c) transducers
(b)
has
c a p a c i t i v e transducer.
(c) Thermistor. (d) Tachogenerato
(d)
abov
All of the three
inductive transducer.
Oneof
the 194. Which one of the following transducers is the most saitable fox he
piezoelectric transducer. (d)
fthefollowing transducers quires high input impedance
a measurement of linear displacement?
measurements? (a) Strain gauge. (b) LVDT.
proper (b) Piezoelectric. (c) Piezoelectric crystal. (d) Microphone
oreamplifier
for .PsCLz5 ETR
(a) Thermocouple. (d) LVDT.

c) Thermistor.
[U.P.S.C. I.E.S. E.T.E.-I, 2009]
195. Load cells employ
(a) piezoelectric crystal. (b) capacitor.
statements:

folloWing
transducer gives an output (c) mutual inductance. (d) strain gauges.
the type
A variable c a p a c i t a n c e
Consider
I5 196. The following transducer(s) may employ strain gauges*
proportional to acceleration.

of t r a n s d u c e r . secondary transducer
self-generating
type to
proportional
output (a) load cell only.
LVDT is a
an
of
transducer
gi v e s
2. (b) load cell and torque meter only.
current type
3 Eddy
sed to
be used measure static load cell, torque meter and accelerometer only.
velocity. transducer
cannot (c)
and flow- meter
piezoelect
(d) load cell, torque meter, accelerometer
4. A rUP.S.C.LES ETEL
variable. is/are
correct?

of a load cell for a

statements

these
1, 2 and 3. the selection
Which of (b) 197. The factors to be considered in
(a) 1 and 2. (d) 4 only particular application are
E.T.E.-1, 2003)
and 4. [U.P.S.C. 1.E.S.
or compressive.
(c) 2 (a) type of loading-ensile
transducers that develop conditions, environment, spacce
type displacement when (b) required accuracy, loading
186.The class oftransformer of its rotor
the angular position available, scale capacity.
related to cells required.
induced emfs characteristics and number of
is called (c) desired output
excited by ac supply ) LVDT.
(a)variablepermeability. (d) all of the above.
i n orier
(d) synchro. additional devices is required
)variable reluctance. known as 198. Which one of the following
energy into
magnetic energy are LVDT?
to m e a s u r e pressure using
187. Converters of mechanical Piezoelectric
transducers.
(b) Pitot tube.
(a)
transducers.
Hall effect (b) (a) Strain gauge.
C) Magnetoelastic transducers. (C) Bourdon tube. (d) Rotameter
be used for
measurement

d) Tachometers. transducers can

transducer has a temperature 199. Which of the following
A semiconductorbased temperature 100,000 atmosphere
of pressures as high
186. as
transducer is indeed
a
b) Pirani gauge.
coefficient of-2500 uV/°C. This (a) Mcleod gauge.
(d) Knudsen gauge.
(a) thermistor. (c) Bridgman gauge. UPS.C LES EEL
(6) forward-biased pn junction diode.
shortcomings
reverse-biased pn junction diode. [U.P.S.C. E.T.E.-1, 2000] gauges
have the following
cheking
(d) FET. I.E.S.
200. Thermal conductivity caibradion and frequene
individual
need
0 Which of the following primary detector type transduces a (a) these gauges atnnospheric pressure
bun out when
exposed tw
employed for displacement measurement? (b) these gauges
during operation. vapours
Thermistor. 2. Diaphragm. easily damaged by anganic
3. Thermocouple. these gauges get
4. Pivot Torque. (c)
the above. is
(athe answer using the codes given below (d) all of
(a) I andcorrect
ransducer
pressure
Pirani gauge
2 1 and 4 principle of
a
(b) 2 and 4 (c) 3 and 4 (d) The working
E.E.-1, 2008] 201. following?
190.
Why are dummy strain gauges employed ?
[U.P.S.C. LE.S.
based on
which one of the
medium.
the
Humidity of
a) For medium

(b) For calibration of strain gauges of the

(a) conductivity
Thermal

c) For increasingt sensitivi of the bridge. (b) of the

medium.

medium. (uPsC.
E.TEL, LES
2006

compensation
Combustibility

d) For of temperature variations. (c) ofthe

resistivity
neutralizing the influence of bridge voltage supply (d) Electrical 193. (a),
194. (b).
ations. U.P.S.C. .E.S. E.E.-I.
20051
(c), 191.(a),
192. (c),

Answers: 180.(c), 181.(c), 187. (c),

188. (b),
189. (b), 190.

195. (d), (c),8 4 . (b), 185. (d), 186. (d),

(c), 182.(a), 183. 1 559
196. (c) 197. (d), 198.(c), 199. (c), 200. (d), 201.
(b)
 Engineering
Electrical

Course
in
Integrated (c) it is possible to know the directionof r
An

help of a simple de otation and magitude

12 usod to
measur (d)
ofspeed
with the

All of the above

voltmeter
202
irani gauge is (6) high pressures.

213,ACtachometersare often
built with thi
(a)verylow pressures (a) reduce inertia. meta drag- roR
in the region
of I atm,
(b)
obtain low
(C) p r e s s u r e s
(d uid flow. in the
range o (c) make
them suitable for high
frequend (4NQ
the measurement ofpressue d) eliminatedirectocoupling between two Hz)
is used for stator windings
Arani gauge
of Hg operatim
(a)10

( ) 1 0 mm
mm to 10
to 10
mm

mm of Hg. 214. Which of the

follow of types
measurement of the angular position of as
PSC1ES
transducers can he
EA
10' mm of Hg tPSC.S. F.1.E1, 00 used for
( ) 1 0 mm to 1. Circular potentiometer. 2. LVDT the
mm ofHg
mm to 10
d1
vacvum gauges
are
3. e-pickup 4. Synchro pair
ionization
4 The athvantaes of (6)intenchangeability.

al I and 2. (b) 2 and 3. (c) I and 4, (d

of v a c u u m
pressure a)
aineanit
used for
measurement

and 4
(c)that thesecane
elow 1 0 t o Which of the followi
215. angular
u. PSC. L .S. V.TM
ed/modified for measurement
h(a) and (b speed ?
is correct? of
Which one ofthe
following
statements
for measuning 1. LVDT. 2 Magnetic pick-up.
pressuretransducer can be uscd 4. Strain gauge.
(Apiezeltne 3 Tachogenerator.
pressures.
oth static and dynamic transducer cannot Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
resistance strain gauge type pressure
(a) Only 1 and 2.
)A measurement. b) Only 2 and 3.
eused for dynamic pressure
I micron can be
measured with
c) Vacuum levels lower
than (c) Only 3. (d) Only 2,3 and 4
an ionisaton gauge.
or size of
U.P.S.C. LE.S. E.E.-1, D06
is affected by the shape
dAccuracy ofa manometer
TUPS.C. LE.S. E.T.E.-I, 2005)
216. In a stroboscopic method of rotational speed measurement
nt ofa
the trubes. machine shaft,
Pick the odd one out
N= the machine shaft speed of rotation in
(a) Pirani gauge. b) Thermocouple gauge.
n= Number of points on the circular pattern.
revolutions/minute
(d) Resistance-wire strain gauge.
c) Mcleod gauge.
F=Number of flashes per minute.
suitable for The speed of rotation N will be
Which one of the foliowing pressure transducers is
(a) N=F+n. (b) N = F-n. (c) N = F/n. (d) N=Fn.
measurement of high pressure
[U.P.S.C. LE.S. EE.-L, 20
(a) Alphatron. b)McLeod gauge.
(c) Piranm gauge. (d) Bourdon gauge. 217. Transducer for measurement of rotational displacement is
UPS.C. LE.S. E.E.-I, 2007]
(a) shaft recorder. (b) differential capacitor.
Which one of the following statements is not correct '?
(c) LVDT. (d) strain gauge.
(a)Vacuum can act as a dielectricmaterial
b) Piezoelcctric materials can act as transducers. 218. An inductive pick-up used to measure the speed ofa shaft has 120
tooth wheel. If the number of pulses produced in a second is
300.
C)Quarzcrystal is a ferroelectric material.
d) The dielectric constant of dielectrics depends on the frequency the rpm of the shaft is
(d) 3600
of the applied field. (a) 12000 b) 1500 c) 1800
UPS.C. LEs. E.E.-I, 2004]
[U.P.S.C. 1.E.S. E.TEL 014
in strain gauge torque transducers, the strain
gauges are mounted
a which one of the
following? 219. Doppler shift principle is used in the measurementor
(a) o the shaft axis. (b) 45° to the shaft axis. (a) temperature. (b) frequeney.
(c)90 to the shaft axis. (d) at any angle with the shaft axis. (d) pressure.
()speed.
(UPS.C. LES. E.E-, 2007 220. A Seismic transducer using a spring-
216. Tachometers are used for only m
(a) mass-damper system as shown below
angular speed measurement.
b) linear speed will have an output displacement of zero
measurement.
(c) both angular and linear when the input x, is a
d) None of the above.
speed measurements. (a) Constant displacement.
211. generated emf of a dc
The (b) Constant velocity.
(a)
directy proportional angular tachogenerator
to
is (c) Constant acceleration. i
b) speed.
inversely proporional to angular (d) Sinusoidal displacement. UPS.C. LESEEL

(C) speed.
proportional to square root of angular of

221. The advantage

LVDT has the 8-contactless
device

(d)
proportional to square of angular speed. accelerometer uIsing
speed. (a) high natural frequenc (b)
the
above.
of
large
all of
212. DC tachometer generators are UPS.C.LE5. E.T.EI, 2007 (c) better resolution. (d)
of
vibration

tachometer generators because sometimes preferred over ac

222. The acceleromete used for
measurement
ometer
(a) it is (6) p i e z o e l e c t r i ca c c e l e r o u

(b)
possible to know the direction of structures is
they present no
maintenance problems.rotation. (a) servo-accelerometer.
C) potentiometric accelerometer
(
(d) strain gauge accelerometer.
2.(a).
217.(a), 203.(6), (d), 205. (C),
204. (b),
216.

218. (b), 219. (C), 220. (c), 206. (d), 207. (b),
215.
(c),
208. (c), 209. (c),2
214.

560 221. (d), 222.

(a)
(b), 210. (a), 211. (a), 212.*
 Electr and Electroni
ommon transducer for shock and vibration measurement Instrumentati
Then

(a)
(b) ring-type load cell (c)
200 to 5(r
500rC to1,200rC
(a) dialgauge () rC
(d) piezoclectric pickup. tn
10r
(c) LVDT.

radiation pPyrometers are that 215. Reynold's

A d120r tn 2,1r
lawbacks of
turbulentnumber
(a) fiow of
ir
initial as
wellaas installation costs are high.
(c)
i(indicates
both hy laminar flow
(d) Noneturbulent
(a)
) t h e y neod maintenance.

meter needs individu calibrati and larminar

of the above fleow
2.6. Consider the
(c) each pyrome

the above.
(d)
all of
thermopiles are
formed
by
following
1. Anemometer device
commercial
The correct 2 Stroboncipe
The ries of Si-Al thermocouples in an 1C by doping Al layers
sequence
speed, vibration of these 3Acceleemeter
on p-type
Si on n-type Si epitaxial layers and airflow, devices to meanure the mtatinmas
ofCu-W thermocouple strips.
(a) 2,3
and 1 respectively
(b) 2. and 3
is
(b)series (c) 1.3 and
oiezoelectric material strips piled together.
2. (d) 3.2
237. According to aned 1
(d)series ofbismuth-telluride couples. .c.1.E.S. E.E.-I, 20111 King's law, in a hot
coefficient of heat transfer h is wire anemometer, he fSilm
f ootical pyrometers temperature is measured by the relation related to the flow
(a) thermocouple effect. (b) photocell principle. velocity asing
(a) h Co+C, V
c)comparison of brightness of the source with that of a standard (c)h (b) h C, +vi
Co +C,(V)i2 (d) h C,
source.
the above. 2.38. The flow rate of
+C,vi
(d) none of electrically conducting liquid
suspended particle cannot be measured without any
Which one of the following is the best method for measurement of by
(a) turbine flow
temperature of hot bodies radiating energy in visible spectrum?
(c)
meters
ultrasonic flow meters.
(b)
electromagnetic flow meteTs
(a) ThermOcouple. (b) Thermopile. (d) thermistor based heat loss flow
c) Optical pyrometer. (d) Bolometer. meters.
UP.S.C. LES. E.T.E.-1, 2006) 239. A hot-wire anemometer is a
device used to measure:
228 Which one of the following is used to measure temperature inside (a) Gas velocities. (b) Pressure in gases.
aboilerfurnace? (c) Liquid discharge. (d) Temperature.
(a) Resistance thermometer. (b) Bimetallic thermometer.
c) Optical pyrometer. (d) Thermistor.
240. The device used for
measuring flow of air around
(a) rotameter.
an
aeropiane is
U.P.S.C. (b) venturi meter.
229. The dead zone in a pyrometer is 0.125 per cent of span. 2007
I.E.S. E.T.E.-I,
The (c) anemometer. (d) none of these.
instrument is calibrated from 500°C to Consider the following statements:
2,000°C. What temperature
change must occur before it can be detected in degree 1. Electromagnetic flow-meter is
independent of liqund densuty
(a) 187.5 b) 1.875 centigrade? 2. Electromagnetic flow-meter cannot be
(c) 18.75 (d) 0.1875 empiloyed for measurng
flow of non-conducting fluids.
TUP.S.C. LE.S. E.E.-1,
2009 Which of the above statements is/are correct"
50 Which is the most suitable
thermocouple transducer for the
Deasurement of temperature in the (a) I only. (b) Both l and 2
(a) Chromel-alumel. range of 1,300°C to 1,500°C ? (c) 2 only. (d) Neither I nor2
b) Platinum-rhodium.
c)Iron-constantan. (d) Chromel-constantan.
(U.PS.C. LES. E.T.E.-I, 2006 242. Which ofthe following flow meters is capabBe of giving the rade of
1Which of the following thermocouple pairs
one
has maximum
flow as well as the total flow?
sensitivity around 273 KK? (a) Nutating disc flow meter. (b) Elecaomagneüc tlow meier
(a) Nichrome-constantan. (c) Orifice meter. (d) Loded impeller tow meier
(c) Platnum-constantan. (b) Copper-Nickel.
(d) Nickel-constantan. 243. Which of the following transducers is used for oransmitting
232. While fU.P.S.C. LE.S. E.TE-1, 2015
the acoustic energy in an ultrasonic flow-meter
measuring the voltage developed by a thermocouple, it is
found that
well as receiving
(a) LVDT (b) RTD.
there is alwa an offset
voltage across voltage. This is due to (c) Piezoelectric crystals. (d) Strain gauge
Same
a
thermocou very temperature.
even at low
light photoelectric voltage across the junction to ambient
due 244. Consider the following
statements:

Ulrasonic techuique cannot be

used for mcasuenaent of thow
a in itL
barrier of a liquid having air
bubbles
potential across the
additional
wires and
thermocouple1isjunction.
formed due to the connectin . Attenuation of
in a liquid.
ulrasonic signal lkess in air cvagurd o tha
is

233. Opúcal one of the

cal metals. IUP.S.C.LES. E.TE., 20131 Of these statements
pyromete is generally used measure (b) l and l are arue

(c)a)low
high pressure.
to (a) Il is false
and I is true.
temperature. and I is false. (d) I and ll a e false
(b) low temperature. (c)Il is true
thow-ameter are
4, Radiatúon (d) high pressure. drawbacks of ulerasoaic
IU.PS.C..E.S. ETE-1, 2011) 245. The main and sow respoase.
in
the yrometers are used for the measurement of (a) low accuracy
relati vety high cust.
ange of temperatur (b) complexity
and

ers; 223.(d), 224.

215. (b). 20. (a),
(ek
(d),
(a). 212. (d). 233. (C), 234.
238.(d), 239 227. (c), 228. (c), 229.(b), 230. (b), 231.
d), 225. (a), 226. (c), 227.
C ) , 241. (b), 242. (b), 243. (C), 244. (c), 245. (b) 561
 An tntegrated Course In Electrical Engineering
12 and
vanations.
256. The function of
the reference
electroci..
()affected by pressure
( d n o n e of the above.
temperaure
(a) produce a constant
(b) provide temperaturevoltage
trode in ph a

Consider the following s t a t e m m e n t s about

ultrasonic flow-meters:
and (c) provide constant compensation
a
n
meter is
246 is insensitive o viscosity, pressure (d)
mcasure average pH
current.
The measurement

temperatre vanatns
value
and can be used for 257. The method usec for analysis of
thas hidireotional

aRY P i sie.
mmeasuring capability
(a) thermal conductivity.
(c) relative humidity.
gases and
their conducti
(b) electrical
sc.S..
3has a relatively lower cost. mixturesres is cal)
(d) specific gravity.
capacitor microphonesconductivitycaled
range. 258. The
4 has god avumcy, fast response and wide frequency disadvantage(s) of a
whih statements is/are correct?
of the ahove (a) higher cost.
onty (b)Iand2 only. high voltage supply
(b) is/are
tc)1. 2 and 4 (d) 3 and 4 only. limited frequen
(c) requirement.
IPSC. LES. E.T.E.-1, 20091 range. (d) both
Hyarometer is empioyed for determination of 259. The devices extensively used in (a) and
(b).
(a)reiativehumidity. (b)specific gravity of liquids. capacitor microphones. (b)sound measur nt sysuernaa
(c)fuid level. (d) none of the above. (c) dynamic microphones. carbon
Variation of which of the following parameters is related to the
(d) vibrationmicroph
pickups.
260. A linear
level change in the measurement of liquid level using two parallel
displacement digital transducer
(a) BCD code. uses
metal rods immersed in a liquid tank? (c) hexadecimal code. (b) Gray code.
(a) Area of plates. b) Distance between plates. (d) binary code.
following moving particles U.P.S.C. 1.E.S. E.Ei
(c) Dieectric medium. 261. Which of the
(d Length ofplates immersed in the liquid.
U.PS.C. LE.S. E.T.E.-I, 2005]
magnetic fields? cannot be deneflected by
249. Inductive method can be used for measuring thickness of (a) a-particles.
(b) Neutrons.
(c) Protons.
(a)mametic but non-conducting materials. (d) Electrons.
(b) conducting but non-magnetic materials.
262. Geiger counter has the advantages U.P.S.C. LE.S. E.EL
(c) conducting and magnetic materials. of
(d) non-conducting and
non-magnetic materials. (a) being relatively
(e) both magnetic and construction.
inexpensive, reliable and
rugged
non-magnetic materials, as well as non-
in

oonducting and conducting materials. (b) producing easily countable large

50. Which of the following ransducers is
most suitable for
(c) having response independent ofpulses.
variations in
continuous variations in very fine thickness of a monitoring temperature and atmospheric pressure. humidity
(a) Diaphragm.
material? (d) all of the above.
(b) Capacitor.
(c) LVDT. 263. Scintillation counters have the
(d) Piezoelectric crystal.
[U.PS.C. L.E.S. E.T.E.-1, 2009) (a) very fast counting rate. advantage(s) of
251. in
tbygrometers the principle of measurement is b)capability of detecting of radiations of lower
(a) change in resistance
of salts with humidity. (c) capability of detecting of x-rays. levels
(b) change in
microwave power using (d) all of the above.
(c) change in thermal klystron.
(d) none of the above.conductivity using thermistor. 264. Data acquisition
systems are usually of
The elecuical transducers
U.P.S.C. 1.E.S. E.E.-I,
2000 (a) analog type. (b) digital type.
used for continuous
of humidity are recording and control (c)integratingtype. (d) hybrid type. [U.P.S.C. LES
EEL X

(a) resistive hygrometers. a data

c)aluminium oxide b) electrolytic hygrometers. 0.

Which one of the following definitions correctdy represen
253. Measurements of flow, hygrometers. (d) all of the above.
thermal conductivity and
aquisition system (DAS) ?
(a) DAS is that are coo n n e c t e d
thermistors make use of liquid level using a group of electronic devices elecarical
sign
(a) resistance decrease with perforn the measurement and quantization of
for digital processing.
(b) resistance increase with temperature.
fere

to
(c) self-heating phenomenon. temperature. DAS is a
group of devices that are connected sto
(d) change of signals.
254. in resistivity.
U.PS.C. 1.E.S. E.E-1, 2003/ (c) DAS is a system to control a process.IUPS.C. LES EEL
viscosity meters the
(a) Buoyant force. quantity measured is (d) DAS is a signal conditioner.
(c) Coriolis force. (b) Frictional force. 266.
Signal s m i s s i o n Hedium

(d) Centrifugal force. Consider the following statements erter.

D i g i t a l - t o - a n a l o g c o nvertd
1. Low-pass filter. 2.
255. The pH value
of a solution is (UPS.C. LES. E.T.E.1, 3. 4.
(a) log (H' ion
-

defined as
2015) Amplifier. lu
5.
sequence

(b) log concentration). Analog-to-digital converter. correct

(c) log(H°
ion is the
concentration). Which one of the following sequ uisition and
(d) log "/(OH ion concentration). c v e signal reconstruction in
a data
acyo
(OH ion concentration). scheme?
U.PSC.
2

(b) 3-1-5-24
LE.S. E.T.E.-I, (a) 1-3-5-2-4. EE-L,

20011 (d) 3-5-1-4-2.

TU.P.S.C.
LES.

Answers: (c) 1-5-3-2-4.

246.(c), 247.(b), 248. 260.
261.(b), 262. (d), 263. (c), 249.(e), 250. (d),

(d), 264. (b), 265.(b), 251.(a), 252. (d),

259.

(c),
562 (a), 266. (b) 253. (a), 254. (b), 255.(a), 250-
257. (a),
258.