NESM0141

M0141_2019-N
Nissan Engineering Standard
NES Methods of Test for Coating of Synthetic Resin
Table of contents
1. Scope ..................................................................... 2 6.2.6 Abrasiveness ............................................... 47
2. Definition of terms ................................................... 2 6.2.7 Bending and twisting resistance
3. Test method classification ...................................... 2 characteristics.............................................. 48
4. General test method information ............................ 4 6.2.8 Abrasion resistance characteristics ............. 49
4.1 Test area conditions .......................................... 4 6.2.9 Scratching resistance characteristics .......... 53
4.1.1 Painting room ............................................. 4 6.2.10 Dry wiping resistance characteristics......... 59
4.1.2 Testing room .............................................. 4 6.2.11 Top-coat paint film inside stress cracking
4.2 Test plate shape and dimensions ..................... 4 characteristics ........................................... 62
4.3 Test specimen preparation method ................... 5 6.2.12 Bumper handling characteristics................ 63
4.3.1 Test plate preparation method.................... 5 6.2.13 High pressure washing resistance in
(1) Materials ..................................................... 5 Russian market ....................................... 114
(2) Molding and fabrication .............................. 5 6.3 Chemical properties ............................................ 64
(3) Test plate pre-treatment ............................. 5 6.3.1 Moisture resistance characteristics.............. 64
4.3.2 Test material sampling methods ................. 5 6.3.2 Acid resistance characteristics .................... 70
(1) Undiluted solution test material sampling ... 5 6.3.3 Alkali resistance characteristics ................... 71
(2) Sample of test piece ................................... 6 6.3.4 Gasoline resistance characteristics ............. 71
4.3.3 Painting ...................................................... 6 6.3.5 Engine oil resistance characteristics............ 71
(1) Test plate painting ...................................... 6 6.3.6 Paint surface protective agent resistance
(A) Spray painting method............................ 6 characteristics.............................................. 72
(B) Electrostatic painting method ................. 6 6.3.7 Rust preventive agent resistance
(C) Other painting methods .......................... 6 characteristics ............................................. 72
(2) Coat hardening ........................................... 6 6.3.8 Heat cycle resistance characteristics........... 73
(3) Coat curing ................................................. 6 6.3.9 Thermal resistance characteristics .............. 76
(4) Coat thickness ............................................ 6 6.3.10 Hot water resistance characteristics .......... 76
(5) Coat thickness measurement ..................... 7 6.3.11 Antifreeze solution resistance
(6) Painting procedure ..................................... 7 characteristics............................................ 77
4.4 Time lapse between test completion and 6.3.12 Wax resistance characteristics .................. 77
test result confirmation ...................................... 7 6.3.13 Washer fluid resistance characteristics ..... 77
5. Paint materials testing method ............................... 8 6.3.14 Detergent resistance characteristics.......... 78
5.1 Offensive odor................................................... 8 6.3.15 Artificial perspiration resistance
5.2 Paint container conditions ................................. 8 characteristics............................................ 79
5.3 Opacity rating .................................................... 9 6.3.16 Iron filings exposure-caused damage
5.4 Specific gravity ................................................ 10 resistance characteristics .......................... 80
5.5 Non-volatile content ........................................ 12 6.3.17 PVC adhesive resistance
5.6 Viscosity .......................................................... 13 characteristics ........................................... 83
5.7 Sedimentation ................................................. 15 6.3.18 Bird dropping resistance characteristics .... 84
5.8 Storage stability .............................................. 16 6.3.19 Paint surface conductivity resistance
5.9 Paint conductivity ............................................ 17 values ........................................................ 86
5.10 Pot life ........................................................... 17 6.3.20 Jelly percentage ........................................ 87
5.11 Drying characteristics .................................... 17 6.3.21 Acid rain resistance characteristics ........... 89
5.12 Residual thermosetting paint......................... 18 6.3.22 Paint film yellowing resistance
6. Coat test methods................................................. 19 characteristics ............................................ 90
6.1 External conditions .......................................... 19 6.3.23 Insect resistance characteristics ................ 91
6.1.1 Paint surface ............................................ 19 6.3.24 Pollen resistance characteristics ............... 92
6.1.2 Gloss ........................................................ 19 6.3.25 Sap resistance characteristics ................... 92
6.1.3 Non-sand recoat characteristics ............... 20 6.3.26 Paint film moisture permeability ................. 93
6.1.4 Dust resistance characteristics ................. 21 6.3.27 2-Sided tape adhesion test ........................ 95
6.1.5 Color disparities ........................................ 22 6.3.28 White stain resistance ............................... 98
6.1.6 Overbaking resistance characteristics ...... 26 6.3.29 Dirt resistance characteristics .................... 98
6.1.7 Welding line and gate portion paint 6.4 Long range properties ....................................... 100
external appearance ................................. 26 6.4.1 Weathering resistance characteristics ........ 100
6.1.8 Brilliance ................................................... 27 (A) Natural exposure .................................... 100
6.2 Physical properties .......................................... 29 (B) Accelerated exposure ............................. 103
6.2.1 Pencil scratch test .................................... 29 6.4.2 Sunlight resistance characteristics.............. 110
6.2.2 Impact resistance characteristics.............. 30 (A) Natural exposure .................................... 110
6.2.3 Chipping resistance characteristics .......... 31 (B) Accelerated exposure ............................. 111
6.2.4 Adhesive characteristics ........................... 42 6.5 Durability .......................................................... 112
6.2.5 Thermal non-adhesive characteristics ...... 46 6.5.1 Scratch resistance durability .................... 112
ANNEX ...................................................... 117
Normative references and reference standards: See page 113.
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M0141_2019-N
1. Scope
This Standard applies to paint testing methods for paints used to coat synthetic resin materials and chrome plating
(1).
Note (1) The synthetic resins described in this Standard include ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene), PP (polypropylene), PUR (poly
urethane) urethane rubber and semi-rigid polyurethane foam, PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), AES (acrylethylene
styrene), PA (polyamide nylon), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PVC (polyvinylchloride), PPO (polyphenyleneoxide),
PMMA (acryl), POM (polyacetal), EPDM (ethylenepropylene diene copolymer), PC (polycarbonate), and UP (unsaturated
polyester).
Also, the material to be used shall satisfy NES M0301 (Substance Use Restrictions.)
Remark Units and numerical values enclosed in { } brackets throughout this Standard are based on the conventional unit system
and are appended for informative reference.
2. Definition of terms
Important terms used in this Standard are defined below.
(1) Undiluted sample : Paint before the specified dilution. It is generally called virgin paint.
(2) Diluted sample : Paint after the specified dilution
(3) Sample : A diluted paint (diluted as specified for test purposes)
(4) Test plate : A synthetic resin plate fabricated to a specific shape and configuration before being
coated with a paint sample.
(5) Test piece : A portion of a synthetic resin plate cut to a specific shape and configuration after being
coated with a paint sample.
3. Test method classification

Test method classification shall be indicated.
Table 1 — Test method classification
Division Test type Item No
Paint 5.1
Offensive odor
Paint surface
Paint container conditions 5.2
Opacity 5.3
Specific gravity 5.4
Non-volatile content 5.5
Stormer viscosimeter
Paint
Viscosity Rotary viscosimeter 5.6

Ford cup viscosimeter
Sedimentation 5.7
Storage stability 5.8
Paint conductivity 5.9
Pot life 5.10
Drying characteristics 5.11
Heating residue 5.12
Paint surface 6.1.1
Luster 6.1.2
External conditions
Non-sand recoat characteristics 6.1.3

Dust resistance characteristics 6.1.4
Coat
Color disparities 6.1.5

Overbaking resistance characteristics 6.1.6
Welding line and gate portion paint external appearance 6.1.7
Brilliance 6.1.8
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Table 1 (Continued)
Pencil scratch test 6.2.1

Impact resistance characteristics 6.2.2
Chipping resistance Gravelometer
6.2.3
characteristics Diamond shot method
Checkerboard pattern
Adhesive
Crosscut 6.2.4
characteristics
Peeling
Physical properties
Thermal non-adhesion characteristics 6.2.5

Polishing resistance characteristics 6.2.6
Bending and twisting resistance characteristics 6.2.7
Traverse method
RCA method
Abrasion resistance
Long stroke method 6.2.8
characteristics
(New Ford Method)
Taber method
Car-wash brush method
Scratching resistance Scratching strength method
6.2.9
characteristics Sandpaper method/glass bead method
Glass bead method
Dry wiping resistance characteristics 6.2.10
Top-coat paint film inside stress cracking characteristics 6.2.11
Coat
Bumper handling characteristics 6.2.12

Moisture resistance characteristics 6.3.1
Acid resistance characteristics 6.3.2
Alkali resistance characteristics 6.3.3
Gasoline resistance characteristics 6.3.4
Engine oil resistance characteristics 6.3.5
Paint surface protective agent resistance characteristics 6.3.6
Chemical properties
Rust preventive agent resistance characteristics 6.3.7

Heat cycle resistance characteristics 6.3.8
Thermal resistance characteristics 6.3.9
Hot water resistance characteristics 6.3.10
Antifreeze solution resistance characteristics 6.3.11
Wax resistance characteristics 6.3.12
Washer fluid resistance characteristics 6.3.13
Detergent resistance characteristics 6.3.14
Artificial perspiration resistance characteristics 6.3.15
Iron filings exposure-caused damage resistance characteristics 6.3.16
PVC adhesive resistance characteristics 6.3.17
Bird dropping resistance characteristics 6.3.18
Paint surface conductivity resistance values 6.3.19
Jelly percentage 6.3.20
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Table 1 (Continued)
Acid rain resistance characteristics 6.3.21

Paint film yellowing resistance characteristics 6.3.22
Chemical properties
Insect resistance characteristics 6.3.23
Pollen resistance characteristics 6.3.24
Sap resistance characteristics 6.3.25
Paint film moisture permeability 6.3.26
Double sided tape adhesion test 6.3.27
White stain resistance 6.3.28
Dirt resistance characteristics 6.3.29
Method A
Coat
Natural exposure 6.4.1 (A)

Weathering resistance
Method B
Continuous method
characteristics
Sunshine
Long range properties
Weathero- Cycle Method A

meter method Method B
Accelerated
Fluorescent ultraviolet ray coagulation 6.4.1 (B)
exposure
method
Xenon weatherometer
Super UV tester
Sunlight
Natural exposure 6.4.2 (A)
resistance
character-
Accelerated exposure 6.4.2 (B)
istics
Dura-
bility
Scratch resistance durability 6.5.1
4. General test method information
4.1 Test area conditions

Painting room and testing room conditions are described below.
4.1.1 Painting room

Room temperature must be maintained at 20 ± 5 °C {293 ± 5 K}. Maximum relative humidity must not exceed 78%.
There must be no exposure to direct sunlight. The room must be free of gases and/or vapors which may adversely
affect painting operations. Drafts must be minimized or eliminated.
Painting operations may be performed under conditions other than the above. In this event, the operation area's
temperature and relative humidity must be recorded along with the test data. However, booth air velocity during
spray painting must always be within the 0.3 to 0.8 m/s range.
4.1.2 Testing room

(1) Standard conditions
Room temperature must be maintained at 20 ± 1 °C {293 ± 1 K}. Maximum relative humidity must be
maintained at 73 ± 5%. There must be no exposure to direct sunlight. The room must be free of gases and/or
vapors which may adversely affect testing operations. Drafts must be minimized or eliminated.
(2) Room temperature

Room temperature is defined as 5 to 35 °C {297 to 308 K} at a relative humidity of 45 to 85%. In the event
tests are performed under temperature and humidity conditions outside these specified ranges, the room's
temperature and relative humidity must be recorded along with the test data.
4.2 Test plate shape and dimensions

Test plate shape and dimensions are shown in Table 2 below. Test plate shape and dimensions may differ from
those specified if agreed upon by the concerned parties.
Tests performed on anisotropic plates must be made both parallel and perpendicular to the plate's grain.
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Table 2
Unit: mm
Dimension
Width Length Application example
Type
A 70 150 General purpose, natural weather exposure
B 70 300 Natural weather exposure
C 210 300 Finished product check
Accelerated Exposure Test (Xenon
D 70 110
weathermeter method)
E 90 190 Gravelometer B method
Remarks 1. Test plate thickness must be uniform and in conformity with the actual coated part.
<Examples> FRP, urethane rubber: t2
ABS, PP, urethane resin: t3
Urethane semi-hard resin: t10
2. Test plate shape for welding line and gate external appearance is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1
Unit: mm
Welding line
Gate A Gate A
Remark Simultaneously inject resin through Gate A and Gate A'. This will form a welding
line at the test plate center.
4.3 Test specimen preparation method
4.3.1 Test plate preparation method

(1) Materials Unless otherwise specified, test plate material shall be identical to the material used in the
actual part of a product.
(2) Molding and fabrication Molding and fabrication procedures should be agreed upon between the
personnel involved in the testing. Procedures shall be recorded. Test plates for urethane resin, urethane
rubber, and semi-rigid polyurethane shall be machine cut from a large molded plate.
Test plates for FRP, ABS, and PP shall be either machine cut from a large molded plate or injection
molded. Injection molded plates shall use a mold release identical to that used for the actual part. The
injection molded plates must be carefully inspected to determine whether or not paint surface (film)
adhesion has been adversely affected. The presence of any additives such as antioxidants must be
recorded.
(3) Test plate pre-treatment According to agreement between the personnel involved in the testing,
foreign matter which may adversely affect paint surface adhesion must be removed. These materials
include dust, fabrication mold release agents, oil, and grease. Degreasing agents (2) used with ABS and
similar substances must be a type that does not corrode the test plate base.
Note (2) Example: Isopropyl alcohol
4.3.2 Test material sampling methods

(1) Undiluted solution test material sampling Divide the test paints into production lots. Randomly select
a single paint container from each of the lots. The selected containers serve as representatives of their
lot.
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(2) Sampling of test piece Thoroughly agitate the undiluted test paint. Pour off a portion of the test paint into a beaker.
Stir the test paint in the beaker while adding the specified diluting substance (3).
Use a #4 Ford cup (for high viscosity paint) or Ford cup #3 (for low viscosity paint) (4) to periodically check the
viscosity of the diluted test sample at 20 ± 1 °C. Diluting substance continuous flow should be within the range
agreed upon by the involved testing personnel. Record the weight ratio between the undiluted test paint and the
diluting substance. This ratio will be used for other test procedures.
Note (3) The diluting substance shall be either water or an organic solvent as agreed upon between the concerned parties.
(4) Paint materials Ford cup shall be used. The cup is shown schematically in Figure 2.
Figure 2 — #4 Ford cup

Unit: mm
150.0 to 151.0 φ
Volume 100 ± 1 mℓ
40.0 to 44.0
Approx 90°
67.0 to 82.0
17.0 to
7.5 to 9.0
23.0
10.0 to
15.0
4.00 ± 0.15 φ
4.3.3 Painting
(1) Test plate painting
(A) Spray painting method
Use the spray gun to evenly spray paint the test plate. Paint thickness shall be determined by agreement between
the concerned parties in the testing.
Spray gun nozzle diameter must be 1.0 to 1.5 mm. The spray gun must have a cup. Pour the paint sample into the
cup. Spray the test plate. Maintain the constant air pressure with a 0.3 to 0.5 MPa {3.0 to 5.0 kgf/cm2} range. Aim
the spray gun nozzle at the test plate so that the paint stream is perpendicular to the test plate. Hold the spray gun
20 to 35 cm away from the test plate. Move the spray gun paint stream back and forth horizontally across the test
plate at a constant speed of approximately 40 to 50 cm/sec. Evenly paint the test plate and the area immediately
surrounding it (10 cm from the edge of the plate). Each spray pattern (horizontal stroke) should overlap the
previous stroke by approximately 1/3.
(B) Electrostatic painting method
Set the painting room temperature to 20 ± 5 °C and the relative humidity to less than 78%. Set the air speed
through the room to 0.5 ± 0.2 m/sec. Use an electrostatic spray gun to spray an even coat of paint on the test plate.
Paint thickness shall be determined by agreement between the concerned parties in the testing.
The pressure of the paint being delivered to the spray gun must be constant. It must be maintained in the 0.05 to
0.15 MPa {0.5 to 1.5 kgf/cm2} range. Aim the spray gun nozzle at the test plate. Maintain the distance between the
spray gun and the test plate at a constant 20 to 35 cm. Adjust the high-voltage generator negative voltage to a
level agreed upon by the concerned parties in the testing. Move the spray gun paint stream back and forth
horizontally across the test plate at a constant speed of approximately 40 to 50 cm/sec. Be sure that the spray gun
paint stream remains perpendicular to the test plate surface. Evenly paint the test plate and the area immediately
surrounding it (10 cm from the edge of the plate). Each spray pattern (horizontal stroke) should overlap the
previous stroke by approximately 1/3. Record the selected electrostatic spray gun model, the atomizing process,
and the general conditions agreed upon by the concerned parties in the testing.
(C) Other painting methods
Test plate painting may be done by immersing flow coating, or some other methods agreed upon by the
concerned parties in the testing. Methods and conditions must be recorded.
(2) Coat hardening Coat drying and hardening procedures should be agreed upon by the personnel involved in the
testing. Room temperature and humidity conditions during drying as well as elapsed time required for darying must
be recorded. Also record the temperature and time required for hardening of the test piece.
(3) Coat curing Following hardening of the coat, allow the test plate to stand in the testing room (conditions specified
in Item 4.1.2) for at least 24 hours.
(4) Coat thickness As a rule, it shall conform to table 3. Other paint shall be agreed upon between the concerned
parties.
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Table 3 — Coat thickness of test piece

(Unit: μm)
Coating Type Thickness (MIN to MAX)
Primer Coat 4 to 10
Intermediate Coat 10 to 20
Black Intermediate Coat 15 to 20
Primer Coat 4 to 7
1C1B-type Coat
Color Base Coat 30 to 40
Primer Coat 4 to 7
2C1B-type Coat Color Base Coat 10 to 40
Clear Coat 20 to 35
Topcoat Primer Coat 4 to 7

(For steel sheets,
new resin, and 3C2B-type Coat
resin) Pearl Base Coat 10 to 20
Clear Coat 20 to 35
Primer Coat 5 to 9
3C1B-type Coat
Pearl Base Coat 10 to 20
Clear Coat 20 to 35
(5) Coat thickness measurement

Place a polished steel plate or a dull steel plate (SP120, t = 0.8 mm, 150 mm × 70 mm) next to the test plate.
Simultaneously spray both the test plate and the polished or dull steel plate using the same procedure and
achieving the same coat thickness. Use an electromagnetic thickness gauge to measure the polished or dull
steel plate paint thickness at 3 points.
Calculate the average value for the 3 points and record it. The thickness gauge must be zeroed and the
specified thickness adjusted before and after measuring each of the 3 points.
(6) Painting procedure
The painting procedure shall be agreed upon between concerned parties. Table 4 shows examples of painting
systems.
Table 4
Part line Body line
No. Pre-treatment
Undercoat
Pre-treatment
Undercoat Intermediate Top coat (Degeasing
(Electrostatic)
Intermediate Top coat
(Degreasing) coat coat
/Chemical synthesis)
Baking process included : Completed operation : Line passage only
4.4 Time lapse between test completion and test result confirmation
Unless specified during a test procedure, test result confirmation must be done immediately after test procedure
completion.
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5. Paint materials testing method
5.1 Offensive odor

(1) Methods to detect paint surface offensive odor
1) Objective To determine the degree of paint surface offensive odor at high temperature and room
temperature
2) Required equipment
<1> Constant temperature chamber
<2> Specimen bottle: 120 mm diameter, 240 mm high
3) Test conditions
<1> Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2) for 24 hours.
<2> 100 ± 2 °C for 4 hours.
4) Test piece preparation Use the test plate A as specified in Item 4.2 (70 × 150 mm). Cut away 2 test pieces
that have been painted according to the instructions in Item 4.3.3.
5) Test procedure
<1> Place the 2 test pieces in separate specimen bottles and cap the bottles. Set the specimen bottles to the
2 test areas.
<2> Remove each specimen bottle from its test area after the specified time has elapsed. Immediately
remove the caps from the specimen bottles. Have several examines evaluate the odors within the
specimen bottles. Evaluate the odors by several panelists according to the 5 ranks and criteria
described in Table 5.
Table 5
Rank Criterion
Class 5 No discernible odor
Class 4 Slightly discernible odor
Class 3 Moderately disagreeable discernible odor
Class 2 Clearly discernible offensive odor
Class 1 Clearly discernible nauseating offensive odor
6) Report Note the average of the evaluation ranks given by the several panelists
5.2 Paint container conditions

(1) Objective To determine whether or not the undiluted paint and the diluted paint in their containers are of
uniform consistency (5) and usable.
(2) Test conditions Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2).
(3) Test procedure
(a) Stir the paints in their individual containers with a spatula or rod. Check for layer separation and jelly-like
deposits at the bottom of the containers.
(b) If layer separation and jelly-like deposits are discovered, further stir the paints in an attempt to disperse
them (after stirring, the paint should be free of layers and deposits).
(4) Record
(a) Note the absence or presence of layer separation and jelly-like deposits.
(b) Note whether or not the layer separation and jelly-like deposits are dispersed uniformly (5) by further stirring
of the paint.
Note (5) Uniform consistency is free of layers, deposits and gellation.
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5.3 Opacity rating

(1) Objective To determine the ability of the paint to cover and make indistinguishable the substrate.
(2) Equipment and apparatus
(a) Constant temperature chamber
(b) Black and white opacity test paper
White opacity test paper diffused reflectance must be 80 ± 1 at 45° and 0°. Black opacity test paper diffused reflectance
must not exceed 2.
(c) Electromagnetic thickness gauge
(3) Test piece preparation Degrease the test plates (t0.7 × 70 × 300) with cleanser thinner. Secure the black and white
opaque test papers to the test plates with double-faced adhesive tape. Refer to Figure 3.
Figure 3
Unit: mm
Black and White
Type A opaque test paper Type B
Surface thickness
measuring area
(4) Test conditions Painting room conditions as described in Item 4.1.1.

(5) Test procedure
1) Mask the lower 250 mm portion of the test piece with cardboard or a similar substance. Spray paint the test piece following
the method described in Item 4.3.3 (1) (A). Alternately, paint may be applied using the barcoder method or the applicator
method.
2) Mask the lower 200 mm of the test piece and apply paint.
3) Repeat the operation until the paint surface thickness has been divided into 6 areas (6) (refer to Figure 4).
4) Harden and dry the test plates under conditions shall be agreed upon by the concerned parties.
5) Use the standard light C specified in item 9 of JIS Z 8701 (Colour specification - The CIE 1931 standard colorimetric
system and the CIE 1964 supplementary standard colorimetric system). Observe the test plates at a 45° angle (0 to 90°C
in the case of metallic). Determine the point at which the black and white test paper patterns and color sealer become
indistinguishable. At this point, use the electromagnetic thickness gauge to measure the surface film thickness in the area
shown in Figure 3 (thickness measuring area).
Fig. 4 Unit: mm
Masking
Note (6) Place the opaque area at the center of the test plate.
(6) Report
1) The opacity rating is determined by the surface film thickness at which the black and white test paper becomes
indistinguishable from the color sealer. Take 3 measurements and average them. Round off the average value to the
nearest integer.
2) Record the indicated values in μm.
3) Record the king of the black and white opacity test paper, the color sealer N value and tone.
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5.4 Specific gravity

5.4.1 Paint specific gravity
(1) Objective To measure the specific gravity of the paint.
(2)-1 Equipment (Specific gravity cup method)
1) Specific gravity cup JIS K 5600 (The specific gravity cup specified in Item 4.3.2 (2) of General paint testing
methods.) Refer to Figure 5.
2) Counterweight
3) Specific gravity pan balance (Pan capacity of 500 g and sensitivity of 0.5 g)
Figure 5 — Specific gravity cup
Unit: mm
Rollet
Cover
Approx 83
Cup
Remarks 1. Cup weight must not exceed 200 g.

2. Cup water capacity must be 100 ± 1 g.
(2)-2 Equipment and apparatus (Specific gravity measuring tools method)

1) Specific gravity measuring tools (Malcom’s product HD-1 or the equivalent)
2) Level
(3) Test conditions Standard test conditions described in Item 4.1.2 (1)
(4)-1 Test procedure (Specific gravity cup method)
1) Maintain the undiluted paint at 20 ± 2 °C for approximately 3 hours. Completely fill the specific gravity cup
with undiluted paint, taking care not to cause bubbles to form in the paint. Place the cover on the cup. Wipe
away any paint that seeps from the cover holes.
2) Place the filled specific gravity cup on one side of the specific gravity pan balance. Use the counter weight
and the balance weights to determine the weight of the filled specific gravity cup. Note the number of
balance weights required. Multiply the number of balance weights by 0.01. The product is the specific gravity
of the paint. The counterweight should consist of lead pellets or something similar packed in a suitable
container. The counterweight should have the same weight as the empty specific gravity cup (within 0.5 g).
(4)-2 Test procedures (Specific gravity measuring tools method)
1) Using a level, install the aerometer in a horizontal position.
2) Calibrate the aerometer.
3) Completely soak measuring bob in well agitated paint.
4) If a stable value appears approximately 10 seconds later, read the measurement value.
(5) Report Calculate the average of 3 measurements. Round off the value to 2 decimal places and record it.
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5.4.2 Paint surface (film) specific gravity

(1) Objective To determine the specific gravity of the coat.
1) Precision balance (1 mg sensitivity)
2) Suspended balance (1 mg sensitivity)
3) Thin wire (example: wire for tag, and clip)
4) Beaker (500 mℓ)
5) Tinplate
6) Cutter
7) Tweezers
8) Hollow punch
9) Measuring solvent: high quality reagent ethanol (99.5 % pure)
10) Liquid temperature measuring instrument
(3) Test piece preparation
1) Use test pieces painted on tinplates according to Item 4.3 or NES M0007 4.4. As a guide, apply paint of 100 g/m2
to the test pieces. (As a guide, apply base paint of 10 g to tinplates of 300 mm × 300 mm, and apply medium paint
or clear paint of 8 g to them.)
2) Using a cutter knife, cut the test pieces, described in 1), into 50 mm × 50 mm pieces.
3) Using a punch, make a hole for suspension by thin wire using a punch. (See Figure 6.)
4) Using tweezers, peel the paint surface film off the tinplate from the corner using tweezers.
Figure 6 — How to make test pieces

50 mm
50 mm
Hole for suspension

from thin wire
(4) Test conditions Standard conditions as described in Item 4.1.2 (1).

(5) Test procedure
1) Measure the weight of the test piece paint surface film in the open air down to mg units using a precision balance
(defined as W1 g units).
2) Fill the beaker with measuring solvent.
3) Measure the liquid temperature.
4) Suspend the thin wire from the suspended balance, immerse the tip of the wire in solvent by approximately 20 mm,
and perform zero point compensation. (Refer to Figure 7.)
5) Suspend the paint surface film from the thin wire and completely immerse the paint surface film in solvent. However,
immerse the film in such a way that the tip of the thin wire is as long as the portion immersed in Item 4) for zero point
compensation. (Refer to Figure 7.)
6) Check that no air bubble adheres, and hold the state for 30 seconds.
7) Measure the weight of test piece paint surface film in solvent down to mg units (defined as W2 g).
8) Measure the specific gravity and 3σ by the following expressions.
Specific gravity = W1 × Specific gravity of solvent 3σ = 3 ×

n (Σx2) - (Σx)2
W1 - W2 n (n - 1)
9) Calculate the average of 5 measurements. Round off the specific gravity of paint film and 3σ to the 3rd decimal
place. However, if one of the 5 measurements shows a singular value, round off the average of specific gravity of
paint film and 3σ from measurement values at 4 points except forexcluding the singular value.
For judgment of singular values, values satisfying the formula below are judged to be singular values.
| (4 points except the singular value x ± 3σ) | < | (Singular value) |
10) If 3σ ≤ 0.010 is dissatisfied, perform the retest.
Remarks Free paint surface can be made of polypropylene test piece as long as that does not change the paint
surface performance.
Figure 7 — Method of measuring specific gravity of paint film
20 mm 20 mm
0 For For
compensation measurement
(6) Report Round off the average and 3σ value to the 3rd decimal place. If the results of the retest dissatisfies do not
satisfy the standard, report the specific gravity for 3σ, whichever is smaller in the retest and the previous
measurements, and the 3σ.
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5.5 Non-volatile content

(1) Objective To measure the non-volatile content of the paint.
(2) Test type Method A : Drying by heating

Method B : Drying by vacuumin
(3) Drying by heating - Method A

1) Equipment and apparatus
<2> Aluminum or tin-plate pan (70 mm diameter and 15 mm depth)
<3> Desiccator
<4> Precision scale
2) Test conditions
<1> Standard conditions as described in Item 4.1.2 (1).
<2> Baking temperature range: 105 to 110 °C
<3> Baking period: 3 hours
Remark Paint surface film appearance check times during baking shall be determined by agreement between the concerned parties in the
testing.
3) Test procedure
<1> Quickly place 2 g of the undiluted paint on the aluminum or tinplate pan (pan weight must be known).
Determine the total mass of the pan and paint and round the value off to the second decimal place. Spread the
paint evenly across the bottom of the pan.
<2> Bake the pan in the constant temperature chamber at the specified temperature for the specified time. This will
evaporate the volatile portion of the paint.
<3> Remove the pan from the constant temperature chamber. Cool the pan with the desiccator. Measure the pan
weight a second time and round the value off to the second decimal place.
<4> Calculate the non-volatile content using the following formula:
A
R= × 100
S
where R: Non-volatile content (%) A: Residue weight in the aluminum or tinplate pan (g)
S: Original undiluted paint mass (g)
4) Report
<1> Calculate the average of three measurements. Round off the average non-volatile content value to the first
decimal place and record it.
<2> Record the non-volatile content as a mass percent (%).
<3> Record the baking temperatures.
(4) Drying by vacuuming - Method B

<1> Vacuum drying furnace (degree of vacuum: 66.661 Pa [0.5 Torr] or less)
<2> Precision balance (1 mg sensitivity)
<3> Aluminum pan (φ: 70 mm, Depth: 15 mm)
<4> Aluminum sheet (approximately 120 × 120 mm)
<5> Petri dish for used as a lid (φ: 100 mm, Depth: approximately 35 mm)
<6> Glass injector
2) Test conditions
<1> Standard state in Item 4.1.2 (1)
<2> Condition for drying by vacuuming: 66.661 Pa [0.5 Torr] or less, at ordinary temperature
<3> Time for drying by vacuuming: 240 hours
3) Test procedure
<1> Preparation of samples
a) Measure the weight of the petri dish for used as a lid with the precision balance (defined as S g).
b) Perform zero point compensation in a state where that an aluminum sheet is laid on the measurement pan of
the precision balance. After this, do not remove the aluminum sheet until the weight of the initial sample is
measured.
c) Wipe the aluminum sheet with alcohol and measure the weight of the dried sheet dried (defined as A g).
d) Wash the injector with thinner and take a 0.7 g ± 0.05 g sample of thoroughly agitated test paint.
e) Using an injector, injectInject the test paint onto the aluminum pan on the precision balance using an injector,
and cover it with the petri dish for used as a lid.
f ) Measure the initial weight (defined as W1 g).
g) Take out the aluminum pan and spread the paint to the entire bottom.
<2> Measuring non-volatile content
a) Put the aluminum pan into the vacuum drying furnace, degas to the specified degree of vacuum, and dry the
aluminum pan at a specified degree of vacuum for the specified time.
b) Take out the aluminum pan from the vacuum drying furnace and measure the weight with the precision
balance (defined as W2 g).
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c) Calculate the non-volatile content and 3σ by the following expressions.

W2 - A n (Σx2) - (Σx)2
Volatile content (%) = × 100 3σ = 3×
W1 - A - S n (n-1)
d) Calculate the average of 5 measurements of non-volatile content. Round off 3σ to the second decimal place.
However, if one of the 5 measurements shows a singular value, calculate the average of four measurements except
for excluding the singular value, and 3σ.
f) If 3σ ≤ 0.50 % is dissatisfied not satisfied, perform the retest.
4) Report
Adopt weight percent (%) for the indicator units. Round the average non-volatile content and 3σ to the second decimal
place.
If the retest still dissatisfies does not satisfy the standard, report the average value for 3σ, whichever is smaller in the
retest and the previous measurements, and the 3σ.
5.6 Viscosity
(1) Viscosity test methods
<1> Stormer viscosimeter procedure (Refer to Figure 8.)
<2> Rotational viscosimeter procedure (Refer to Figure 9.)
<3> Ford cup viscosimeter procedure
(2) Stormer viscosimeter procedure

1) Objective To measure the paint viscosity with a Stormer viscosimeter.
<1> Constant temperature chamber or constant temperature water bath
<2> Stormer viscosimeter (Refer to Figure 8.)
<3> Container (Inside diameter: 80 mm, Depth: 120 mm)
<4> Stopwatch
<5> Thermometer
3) Test conditions Standard conditions as described in Item 4.1.2 (1).
4) Test procedure
<1> Pour approximately 500 mℓ of the undiluted paint into the container. Place the container in the constant temperature
chamber or constant temperature water bath for approximately 3 hours at a temperature of 20 ± 1 °C. Be absolutely
sure that the temperature in the chamber or water bath remains constant.
<2> Remove the container from the constant temperature chamber or water bath. Carefully stir the paint with a glass rod,
taking care not to create bubbles. Immerse the viscosimeter in the paint until the rotating blade gauge is just above
the paint surface. Attach weights to set the blade speed to 100 turns in 30 ± 3 seconds. Measure the time required (in
seconds) for the blade to make 100 turns. Use the conversion table attached to the viscosimeter to determine the
paint viscosity.
5) Report
<1> Calculate the average of 3 measurements. Round off the average viscosity value to the nearest whole number and
record it.
<2> Record the viscosity in KU value at 20 °C (KU/20 °C).
<3> Record the total mass of the weights used.
(3) Rotational viscosimeter procedure

1) Objective To measure the paint viscosity with a rotational viscosimeter.
<1> Constant temperature controlled chamber or constant temperature controlled bath
<2> Rotational viscosimeter (7) BL-, BH-, BS-Type rotational viscosimeter (Refer to Figure 9). The use of an E-type
rotational viscosimeter is recommended if a high degree of precision is required.
<3> Container (Inside diameter: 80 mm, Depth: 120 mm)
<4> Stopwatch
<5> Thermometer
Note (7) Rotor number and rotation speed must be selected to provide indicator readings of 15 to 85% of the full-scale reading.
4) Test procedure
<1> Pour approximately 500 mℓ of the undiluted paint into the container. Place the container in the constant temperature
controlled chamber or constant temperature controlled bath for approximately three hours at a temperature of 20 ±
1 °C. Be absolutely sure that the temperature in the chamber or constant temperature controlled bath remains
constant.
<2> Remove the container from the constant temperature chamber or water bath. Carefully stir the paint with a glass rod,
taking care not to create bubbles. After stirring, allow the paint to set for approximately 1 minute. Place the rotational
viscosimeter at its designated position in the paint. Take care not to allow any air bubbles to attach them to the rotor.
The measuring procedure can now begin.
<3> Turn on the rotational viscosimeter and allow it to run for 2 minutes before taking the first reading directly from the
meter.
<4> Calculate the paint viscosity using the following formula:
Viscosity (MPa·s {cps (cP)}/20 °C) = viscosimeter reading × conversion factor)
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5) Report
<1> Calculate the average of three undiluted paint viscosity measurements. Record the viscosity value to 2
significant figures.
<2> Record the viscosity values in centipoises at 20 °C (MPa·s {cps (cP)}/20 °C).
<3> Record the rotational viscosimeter type, the rotor number, and the rotation speed (8).
Note (8) 1. Rotational viscosimeter measuring range
2. BH-type rotational viscosimeter rotor number, rotation speed, and applicable viscosity range relationships
(4) Ford cup viscosimeter procedure

1) Objective To measure the paint viscosity with a Ford cup viscosimeter.
<1> Constant temperature controlled chamber or constant temperature controlled bath
<2> No. 4 Ford cup viscosimeter (for high viscosity), No.3 (for low viscosity).
(See Figure 2 = Viscometer defined in JIS K5600.)
<3> Container (The container to which the viscosimeter is set)
<4> Stopwatch
<5> Thermometer
4) Test procedure
<1> Place the container in the constant temperature controlled chamber or constant temperature controlled
bath for approximately three hours at a temperature of 20 ± 1 °C. Be absolutely sure that the
temperature in the chamber or water bath remains constant.
<2> Remove the container from the constant temperature controlled chamber or water bath. Carefully stir the
paint with a glass rod, taking care not to create bubbles. After stirring, slowly pour the paint into the Ford
cup viscosimeter. Keep the viscosimeter bottom hole plugged by pushing against it with your finger. Do
not to allow air bubbles to enter.
<3> Continue to pour the paint until the viscosimeter is completely filled. Place a glass plate at the top of the
viscosimeter to cover it while squeezing out any excessive paint. Remove your finger from the
viscosimeter bottom hole. Quickly slide the glass plate free of the viscosimeter, starting the stopwatch at
the same instant.
<4> Allow the paint to drain into the receiving plate below. When the paint stream slows to a trickle, stop the
stopwatch. Note the stopwatch indicated elapsed time (s).
5) Report
<1> Calculate the average of 3 elapsed time measurements. Round off the average value (viscosity) to the
1st decimal place.
<2> Record the viscosity values in seconds (s).
Figure 8 — Stormer viscosimeter Figure 9 — Type-B viscosimeter
Marking
Line
Spring thickness 0.75
A: Rotor C: Rotation speed indicator A: Rotor

B: 1-pint can D: Load B: Guard
C: Indicator
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5.7 Sedimentation
(1) Objective To determine the degree of sedimentation after the paint has been allowed to stand for an extended period of
time.
1) Measuring cylinder (500 mℓ)
2) Glass rod
3) Spray gun: Meeting the criteria specified in Item 4.3.3 (1)
4) Painting booth
5) Baking oven
6) Viscosimeter (Ford cup)
7) Qualified paper No. 3: JIS P 3801 No. 5A
(3) Test piece
Use test plate C (210 × 300 mm) specified in Item 4.2. The test piece must be from the middle layer (electrostatic painting).
(4) Test conditions
1) Standard conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (1).
2) Standing time: 72 hours
(5) Test procedure
1) Dilute the paint to the extent agreed upon by between the parties concerned in the testing.
2) Pour 500 mℓ of the diluted paint into the measuring cylinder. Cover the cylinder with a polyethylene film. Allow the paint to
stand for the specified period of time.
3) Perform the following procedures as they apply to different paint types (according to the types of coating):
<1> Top coat
a. Visually inspect the solvent and the resin (including the pigment) for separation. Check for pigment separation (original
color separation) within the resin. Determine the degree of aluminum sedimentation with the resin (pigment). Make an
illustration to show this.
b. Press down on the lid of the measuring cylinder with your hand. Release your hand and allow the lid to return to its
normal shape. Repeat this process 10 times during a 20 seconds period.
c. Note the indication of the upper 250 mℓ area. Simultaneously, place a sample in a spray gun cap and stir it vigorously.
d. Vigorously stir the lower 250 mℓ level. Use another spray gun cap to take a sample of the lower level.
e. Apply the separate samples to each of the test pieces as specified in Item 4.3.3. Bake the test pieces in the baking oven.
f. Note the paint surface film conditions of 2 of the test pieces using the method specified in Item 6.1.1 to check paint
surface conditions, using the method specified in 6.1.2 to check gloss, and using the method specified in 6.1.5 to check
the color brilliance.
<2> Intermediate coat Visually inspect the degree of paint layer separation and the pigment separation volume.
<3> Under coat Filtrate the paint through No. 5 A filtration paper after stirring it with the glass rod and determine
whether or not there are indissolved particles in the paint.
(6) Report (according to the types of coating)
1) Top coat
<1> Record the degree of paint layer separation. Record the pigment separation volume in mℓ. Illustrate the separation by
making a drawing similar to that shown in Figure 10.
<2> Note the appearance of the 2 test pieces and the degree of color disparity and brilliance observed during visual
inspection.
2) Intermediate coat
<1> Record the degree of paint layer separation. Record the pigment separation volume the same way as 1).
<2> Record whether or not there are indissolved particles in the paint.
3) Under coat
<1> Record whether or not there are indissolved particles in the paint.
Figure 10
Polyethylene film or similar film
Rubber band
150 mℓ separated solvebt

Measuring
cylinder
350 mℓ Resin+Pigment
160 mℓ separated blue pigment
50 mℓ aluminum sedimentation
if the aluminum is evenly dispersed
thoughout the pigment and resinlayer, it
must be reported.
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5.8 Storage stability

(1) High-temperature storage stability
1) Objective To determine undiluted paint long-term storage stability. Accelerated test procedures are used.
<2> Paint container: 300 mℓ container (Tin can or glass bottle)
3) Test piece preparation Use test plate C (210 × 300 mm) described in Item 4.2. The test pieces must be
pre−treated.
4) Test conditions
<1> Painting room conditions as specified in Item 4.1.1.
<2> Room temperature conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2).
<3> Heating temperature: 50 ± 2 °C
<4> Heating time: 72 hours
5) Test procedure
<1> Pour approximately 250 mℓ of the undiluted paint into the container. Seal the container tightly. Place the
container in the constant temperature chamber. Maintain the specified temperature for the specified
period of time.
<2> Remove the container from the constant temperature chamber. Pour off a small portion of the paint.
Dilute the paint to the degree agreed upon by the personnel involved in the testing. Record the amount
of dilution.
<3> Follow the procedures described in Items 6.1.1, 6.1.5, and 6.1.2 to check the diluted paint's surface film
coating, color disparity, and brilliance.
6) Report
<1> Record the dilution ratio.
Original paint dilution factor
(measured with a separate sample prior to the start of the test)
Diluted paint dilution factor after heating
<2> Record the paint surface film condition, color disparity, and brilliance change according to the
procedures described in Items 6.1.1 (5), 6.1.4 (6), and 6.1.2 (6).
(2) Low-temperature storage stability

1) Objective To determine the stability of 2-part urethane paint hardener (isocyanate) after long-term,
low-temperature storage.
<2> Measuring cylinder (500 mℓ)
<3> Glass rod
<4> No. 4 Ford cup
3) Test conditions
<1> Temperature: -5 °C
<2> Time: 30 minutes
4) Test procedure
<1> Dilute the paint hardener as agreed between the concerned parties (Paint specifications).
<2> Pour the diluted paint hardener (isocyanate) into the measuring cylinder (500 mℓ) until the level reaches
the maximum line. Seal the measuring cylinder with polyethylene film and a rubber band.
<3> Place the measuring cylinder in the isothermic vat at the specified temperature for the specified period
of time. After removing the cylinder from the vat, measure the diluted paint hardener viscosity and note
the other properties.
5) Remark Record the viscosity and characteristics such as sedimentation, aggregation, and discoloration
after recovering to -5 °C and 20 °C.
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5.9 Paint conductivity

(1) Objective To measure the connectivity (electric resistance value) of the electrostatically painted sample. This
serves as a criterion for determining paint coat quality.
1) Conductometer (Insulation resistance meter)
2) Beaker: 300 mℓ
(3) Test conditions
1) Standard conditions as described in Item 4.1.2 (1).
2) Test sample temperature: 20 ± 0.5 °C
(4) Test procedure
1) Pour 200 to 300 mℓ of the diluted sample into the beaker. Maintain the sample at the specified temperature (not
required if the conductometer has a temperature compensation function).
2) Immerse the conductometer measuring probe in the diluted sample to the specified depth. Refer to Figure 11.
Figure 11
Sample
Conductometer
3) Push the conductometer switch and read the indicated value.

(5) Report Record the connectivity (electric resistance value) in μS/cm (MΩ/20 °C ).
5.10 Pot life

(1) Objective To examine paint hardener samples (2-part type) to determine the maximum permissible time between
initial hardener mixture and actual application to a painted surface.
1) Constant temperature chamber or constant temperature water bath
2) No. 4 Ford cup viscosimeter (Refer to Figure 2.)
3) Containers Container set to the viscosimeter
500 mℓ glass bottle or tin can with cover
4) Stopwatch
5) Thermometer
(3) Test conditions 35° C, 20 °C
(4) Test procedure
1) Fill the 500 mℓ glass bottle or tin can with the mixed and diluted sample. Tightly seal the cover.
2) Place the container in the constant temperature chamber or constant temperature water bath at the specified
conditions. Periodically remove the container from the chamber or bath (intervals shall be agreed upon by the
concerned parties) to measure its viscosity according to the procedure described in Item 5.6 (4).
3) Repeat the operation until the desired viscosity (including spraying characteristics and surface appearance) is
obtained.
(5) Report Record each of the viscosity measurements and the time between the measurements from the test start to
the time the desired viscosity is realized.
5.11 Drying characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the drying time using a naturally dried sample. Drying is considered to be complete when
the paint coating has lost all signs of stickiness.
(2) Test conditions Standard conditions as described in Item 4.1.2 (1).
(3) Test procedure Coat one side of the test piece using the procedure described in Item 4.3.3 (1). Use the
procedures described below to examine the paint surface drying and hardening processes.
<1> Finger-touch drying test Touch the center of the painted surface lightly with your fingertip. If your fingertip
remains free of paint, the sample is considered to be finger-touch dry.
<2> Semi-hard drying test Rub the center of the painted surface firmly with your fingertip. If your fingertip remains
free of paint, the sample is considered to be semi-hard dry.
<3> Hard drying test Firmly pinch the center of the painted surface between your thumb and forefinger. The paint
surface should not move. Your fingertips should remain free of paint even when rubbed firmly against the paint
surface. If these conditions are met, the sample is considered to be hard dry.
(4) Report Record the time required from paint application to finger-touch dry, semi-hard dry, and hard dry.
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5.12 Residual thermosetting paint

(1) Objective Check residual thermosetting paint.

<1> Painting oven (Capable of making samples reach a specified temperature in 10 to 20 minutes)
<2> Precision balance (1 mg sensitivity)
<3> Aluminum pan (φ: 70 mm, Depth: 15 mm)
<4> Aluminum sheet (approximately 120 × 120 mm)
<5> Petri dish for a lid (φ: 100 mm)
<6> Glass injector
<7> Desiccator
(3) Test conditions

<1> Standard state in Item 4.1.2 (1)
<2> Thermosetting conditions
Paint for steel sheet: Held at 140 °C for 20 minutes, and held at 150 °C for 20 minutes (reference value)
Paint for resin: Held at 120 °C for 20 minutes, and held at 130°C for 20 minutes (reference value)
Paint for softened steel sheet: Held at 130 °C for 20 minutes, and held at 140 °C for 20 minutes (reference
value)
(4) Test procedure
<1> Preparation of samples
a) Measure the weight of the petri dish for a lid with the precision balance (defined as S g).
b) Perform zero point compensation in a state that an aluminum sheet is laid on the measurement pan of the
precision balance. After this, do not remove the aluminum sheet until the weight of the initial sample is
measured.
c) Wipe the aluminum sheet with alcohol, and measure the weight of the sheet (defined as A g).
d) Wash the injector with thinner and take a 0.7 g ± 0.05 g sample of thoroughly agitated test paint.
e) Using the injector, Inject the test paint onto the aluminum pan on the precision balance, and cover it with
the petri dish for a lid.
f) Measure the initial weight (defined as W1 g).
g) Take out the aluminum pan and spread the paint to the entire bottom.
<2> Measuring residual thermosetting paint
a) Put the aluminum pan into the painting oven. After the temperature reaches at a specified temperature,
keep the state for the specified time.
b) Take out the aluminum pan from the painting oven and cool in to the ordinary temperature in the
desiccators.
c) Measure the weight with the precision balance (defined as W2 g).
d) Calculate the residual thermosetting paint and 3σ by the following expression
W2 - A n (Σx2) - (Σx)2
Residual thermosetting paint (%) = × 100 3σ = 3 × n (n - 1)
W1 - A - S
e) Calculate the average of 5 measurements of residual thermosetting paint. Round off 3σ to the 2nd decimal
place. However, if one of the 5 measurements shows a singular value, calculate the average of four
measurements excluding the singular value, and 3σ.
For judgment of singular values, values satisfying the formula below are judged to be singular
values.
f) If 3σ ≤ 0.50% is not satisfied, perform the retest.
(5) Report
Adopt weight percent (%) for the indicator units. Round the average residual thermosetting paint and 3σ to the
2nd decimal place.
If the retest still dissatisfies does not satisfy the standard, report the average value for 3σ, whichever is smaller
in the retest and the previous measurements, and the 3σ.
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6. Coat test methods
6.1 External conditions
6.1.1 Paint surface
(1) Objective To determine the paint surface appearance

(2) Test piece preparation Use test plate C (210 × 300 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Apply paint to the test pieces as
described in Item 4.3.3.
(4) Test procedure Place the test pieces under either fluorescent light or diffused daylight (9). Visually examine
the test pieces. Compare the coated test pieces with the standard test pieces (10). Look for blemishes (running,
orange peeling (11), crawling, irregular patterns, pinholes, blistering, water marks, and graininess (minute foreign
particles in the paint film).
Note (9) Diffused daylight is indirect light (no direct sunshine) from a window with northern exposure either 3 hours after sunrise or 3
hours before sunset. Standard light C as specified in item 9 of JIS Z 8701 may be used in place of diffused daylight.
Note ( ) Standard test plate conditions are to be agreed upon between concerned parties.
10
Note (11) Orange peel testing may be performed at an air pressure of 0.20 to 0.25 MPa {2.0 to 2.5 kgf/cm2} at a spray distance of 25 to
30 cm.
(5) Report Record the presence or absence of surface blemishes.
6.1.2 Gloss
(1) Objective To measure paint surface gloss.
(2) Equipment The specular gloss meter shall enable measuring the 20° specular gloss value and the 60°
specular gloss value, thus conforming to JIS K 5600 item 4.7.
(3) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Apply paint to the test pieces
as described in Item 4.3.3.
(5) Test procedure
1) Set up the specular gloss meter using the base plates specified in Item 5.4 of JIS K 5600 Item 4.7 (12).
2) Using measuring equipment, measure the specular gloss of the test piece by setting the light reception angle
from the light source to 60° and incidence angle to 60° or by setting the incidence angle to 20° and light
reception angle to 20°. Surround the test piece (except the light reception area) with a black cloth to prevent
any light other than the light source from striking the test piece.
3) Take gloss measurements at 3 different points. Average the 3 measurements to obtain the 60° specular
gloss value or the 20° specular gloss value.
4) If brush marks or other irregularities are present on the painted surface, measure each concerned position in
2 directions at a right angle to each other. Average the 3 measurements to obtain the 60° specular gloss
value or the 20° specular gloss value .
Note (12) Specular gloss meter adjustment may be made with the base plane, the primary base plane, or the secondary base plane.
Remark (1) Some test pieces may have a specular gloss value exceeding 100. The specular gloss meter gauge may read only up to
100. In this case, adjust the meter to halve the indication with the secondary base plane having gloss of slightly less then 100.
Perform the steps outlined above. Double each of the measured values.
Remark (2) Adjust the specular gloss meter before each measurement using the secondary base plane having a gloss approximately
equal to that of the test piece.
(6) Report If the measured average value exceeds 10, round it off to the 1st decimal place. If the measured
average value is less than 10, round it off to 2nd decimal place. Follow the procedures outlined in
JIS Z 8401 (Guide to the rounding of numbers).
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6.1.3 Non-sand recoat characteristics

(1) Objective To check surface appearance and adhesion when a new topcoat (13) of paint is applied to an
un-polished undercoat, intermediate coat, or topcoat.
Note (13) It is assumed that a discarded and out-of-service vehicle will be used for this test.

1) Constant temperature chamber
2) Magnetic agitator
3) Spray gun
(3) Test piece preparation Use test plate C (210 × 300 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Pretreat the test plate
according to normal procedures to create the test pieces.
(4) Test conditions
1) Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.1
2) Agitation time: 4 hours
(5) Test procedure
1) Place the test piece on a flat surface. Use a spray gun to paint the test piece to the specified paint surface
thickness.
2) After painting, allow the test piece to set on the flat surface for 5 or 10 minutes. Bake the test piece for twice
as long as the time agreed upon by the personnel involved in the testing. The test piece must be flat during
baking.
3) Pour the paint used in Step 1 into a 1 ℓ beaker. Place the beaker on the magnetic agitator. Immerse the
stirring bar in the paint. Agitate the beaker contents for the specified time at the appropriate speed (the paint
surface should be concave to a depth of approximately 10 mm). To prevent spillage, place a polyethylene
sheet or similar object over the top of the beaker. Be sure that the beaker is firmly set to the magnetic
agitator so that it cannot fall off.
4) After agitation, pour the top layer of paint from the beaker to the spray gun. Place the baked test piece (14) on
a flat surface and spray it to the specified surface thickness as specified in Steps 1 and 2.
5) After spraying, allow the test piece to stand for 5 to 10 minutes. Again bake the test piece under conditions
agreed upon by the personnel involved in the testing. The test piece must be horizontal during baking.
6) Allow the test piece to cool. Measure the paint thickness. Inspect the paint surface for cracks, recesses, and
other defects (15).
7) Allow the test piece to stand for 24 hours. Perform the checkboard pattern test described in Item 6.2.4 to
determine the adhesion between layers.
Note (14) Test piece thickness must be measured beforehand with a micro-thickness gauge.
(15) Crack and recess conditions are shown in Figure 12.
Figure 12
Cracking Recess
Repainted top coat

Original Top coat
(Intermediate coat)
Undercoat
Material surface
(6) Report
1) Record the paint surface thickness in μm. Record the presence or absence of cracks and recesses.
2) Record the adhesion between paint layers as specified in Items 6.2.4 (2), 6) and 6.2.4 (3), 6).
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6.1.4 Dust resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the effects of dust on paint. Dust can occur when different color paints or paints
from different manufacturers are used in the same painting booth.
2) Spray gun
(3) Test piece preparation Use test plate C (210 × 300 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Pretreat the test plate
according to normal procedures to create the test pieces.
(4) Test conditions
1) Painting room as specified in Item 4.1.1
2) Baking conditions: As agreed upon by the concerned parties.
(5) Test procedure
1) Influence of one paint upon another
(a) Set the test piece on a flat surface. Spray the sample paint (base paint) agreed upon by the personnel
involved in the testing onto the test piece to the specified thickness.
(b) After spraying, allow the test piece to stand for 1 minute. Use a spray gun to spray the dust paint onto the
test piece as shown in Figure 13.
(c) After spraying the dust paint, allow the test piece to set for 5 to 10 minutes. Then, bake the test piece
under the specified conditions. The test piece must be horizontal during baking.
(d) Remove the test piece from the constant temperature chamber. Allow the test piece to cool naturally.
Check the paint surface for cracks, recesses, and blisters (16).
2) Influence of one color upon another Prepare the test piece according to Item (3) above. Follow Steps (a)
through (d) above. Use a spray gun to spray the base paint onto the test piece. Then spray the test piece
with the dust paint (agreed upon by the concerned parties). Check the paint surface condition.
Figure 13
Unit: mm
Remark Dust paint spray distance must be between 800 to 1,000 mm.
Note (16) Crack, recess, and blister conditions are shown in Figure 14.
Figure 14
Cracking Recess Blistering
Dust paint
Base paint
(Intermediate Undercoat
coat)
Material
surface
(6) Report Record the presence or absence of cracks, recesses, and blisters for each of the 2 cases (dust
paint sprayed to base paint and base paint sprayed to base paint). If these conditions are present, record
the severity.
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6.1.5 Color disparities

(1) Objective To determine the color disparities when compared with a standard plate.
(2) Equipment
1) Standard light source Artificial sun or standard light D65 specified in JIS Z 8720
2) Colorimeter The colorimeter must be either the 45° lighting 0° receiving type (45-0) or the 0° lighting 45°
receiving type (45-0) specified in JIS Z 8722 Item 5.2 and 5.3 (Methods of colour measurement). Light for
measurement should include the standard light D65 specified in JIS Z 8720 (Standard illuminants and
sources for colorimetry).
3) Visual color analyzer Visual color analyzer developed by Nissan Motor Corporation (NISSAN VISUAL
COLOR ANALYZER)
Figure 15 — NISSAN VISUAL COLOR ANALYZER
(3) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as
specified in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
(4) Test conditions Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2)
(5) Test procedure
1) Visual inspection Compare the test piece with the standard plate (17) under D65 light conditions. Look for
color differences. For the way of inspection refer to Figure 16. (Evaluate both <1> and <2>.)
Note (17) The specified standard plate must be used.

Figure 16
Light source
Light source
2) Using the colorimeter (Due to differences among instruments, measure 5 times (N = 5) and take the
average.)
<1> Measure the standard plate (17), the test piece and the chromatic coordinates L*, a*, b* using the method
specified in JIS Z 8722 (Methods of colour measurement - Reflecting or transmitting objects). (Measure
the center of the test piece.)
<2> Compare the color differences between the standard plate and the test piece using the L*, a*, b* and the
method specified in JIS Z 8730 (Colour Specification - Colour differences of non-luminous object
colours).
Remark A photoelectric colorimeter giving direct color difference values may also be used.
3) Using the visual color analyzer*

<1> Place the measurement head A (shown in Figure 15) at the object and measure it.
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<2> If the reference value is registered, the color is automatically selected and the measured color value and
color differences are displayed.
<3> If the reference value is not registered, register the value before the procedure <1>.
*Be sure to carefully measure the curved surface.
(6) Report
1) Visual inspection Record the color disparities in terms of hue, brightness, and chroma. (Record the
measurement result of Figure 16 <1> or <2>.) Refer to Table 6 for hue, brightness, and chroma.
Table 6
Red, yellow, blue, green, violet, white, black,
Hue·brightness·chroma
light, dark, pure, impure
+3: Considerable
+2.5: Medium level between +2 and +3
+2: Moderate
+1.5: Medium level between +1 and +2
+1: Slight
+0.5: Medium level between ±0 and +1
Degree ±0: None
-0.5: Medium level between -1 and ±0
-1: Slight
-1.5: Medium level between -2 and -1
-2: Moderate
-2.5: Medium level between -3 and -2
-3: Considerable
2) Using the colorimeter With the L*a*b* system, color differences should be recorded as ∆E* (L*a*b*) or ∆L*,
∆a*, and ∆b*. Also record the colorimeter name and the standard light source.
3) Using the visual color analyzer The correlated value of color differences by visual inspection (Measure
according to 1)), ∆L*, ∆a*, ∆b* (Measure according to 2)) and ∆N (NMC) are displayed on 17 directions.
(Figure 17)
The color disparities and measurement examples are shown in Table 6 and Figure 18.
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Figure 17 — Color disparities record direction
Incident light 45°
0° direction
20° circumstance direction in 8 parts
60° circumstance direction in 8 parts
The measurement positions on the figure above are recorded on the display as follows.
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Figure 18 — Examples of color disparities and measurement
∆L* ∆a* ∆b* display (1, 2 and 3 ranks are OK.)
Sensation display (1 rank at the lower right is NG.)

(correlated value by visual inspection)
Criterion value display (1 and 2 ranks on the shade direction are NG.)
(ΔN, correlated value by visual inspection)
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6.1.6 Overbaking resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the effect of test plate overbaking on color and paint surface appearance.
(2) Equipment Constant temperature chamber
described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
(4) Test conditions
1) Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2)
2) Drying conditions Dry the test pieces twice under the agreed conditions (temperature, time) → Room
temperature, 0.5 h. Drying condition shall be determined by agreement between concerned parties.
(5) Test procedure
1) Place the test pieces in the constant temperature chamber at the specified temperature for the specified time.
Remove the test pieces from the chamber. Allow the test pieces to stand at room temperature for 30 minutes.
Again, insert the test pieces in the constant temperature chamber at the specified temperature for the
specified time. This will overbake the test pieces.
2) Check the overbaked test pieces as follows:
(a) Check for color differences following the procedures in Items 6.1.5 (5) 1) and 2). Use a normally baked
test piece as a reference.
(b) Check for surface defects such as glossiness, cracking, blistering, and peeling.
(6) Report
1) Color inspection Record the color disparities following the procedure outlined in Item 6.1.5 (6) 1) and 2).
2) Paint surface inspection Record the appearance of the paint surface.
6.1.7 Welding line and gate portion paint external appearance

(1) Objective To determine molded material welding line and gate portion changes after painting.
(2) Test procedure
1) Paint the welding lines and gate portions specified in Item 4.2. Follow the method described in Item 4.3.3.
2) Check for cracking and other defects after painting.
(3) Report Record any cracking or other defects. Note the degree of the cracking or defect.
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6.1.8 Brilliance
(1) Objective To measure finished surface brilliance and note surface defects (orange peeling, glossiness, etc.) using
a variety of measuring equipment.
(2) Equipment
1) Portable gloss meter (PGD type χ) manufactured by Nippon Shikisai Kenkyusho. Refer to Figure 19.
2) Image sharpness meter NSIC
3) Image sharpness measuring apparatus NID
4) WaveScan - DOI
Figure 19 Portable gloss meter
Eye Test pattern
Battery
Test piece
A: Switch B: Lamp C: Test pattern D, E, and F: Mirrors G: Eyepiece tube
(3) Test plate preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as described in
Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
(4) Test procedure
1) Portable gloss meter (PGD meter)
Figure 20
Indicator
Black needle Red Eyepiece tube
Power switch (ON-OFF)

Brightness control switch
Reading switch
Indicator
(a) Push the power switch to turn the meter ON. Look at the voltmeter. Turn the voltage adjustment knob to bring the
indicator needle to the boundary line between the red and black zones. This adjusts the voltage. In the event the
indicator needle remains in the black zone after turning the voltage adjustment knob, the battery must be
changed.
(b) Place the base plate (with the mirror attached) on the tabletop. Turn the measuring window at the bottom of the
meter toward the mirror surface. Push the power switch. Note the test pattern projected from the eyepiece tube to
the mirror surface. Confirm that you are able to read the test pattern to a Cd value of 1.0. (Personnel involved in
the testing must be able to read the test pattern to a Cd value of 1.0.)
(c) Set the PGD meter to the top of the measuring apparatus. Push the power switch. A projected/reflected test
pattern from the eyepiece tube will appear on the mirror surface. Check that you are able to read the test pattern
numerals.
(d) Read the suffix number to the left side of the test pattern numerals. Determine the brilliance.
<1> If the value exceeds 0.5 and can be read more than 50%, use that value.
<2> If the value is 0.5 or 0.3 but not 0.4, use the higher value.
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(a) Press the calibration switch to light the calibration display. Place the standard plate against the optical
unit measuring window. Press the measuring switch.
(b) Wait until the “CC.d” display appears in the display window. Press the calibration switch to illuminate the
calibration lamp. To print the data, select the date set switch, the specimen number switch, and the
program selector switch. To calculate the average value and the standard deviation, set the
measurement count selector switch and turn the average switch ON.
(c) Place the test piece against the optical unit measuring window. Press the measuring switch.
(d) The value shown in the display window is the measured value.
3) Image sharpness measuring apparatus (NID meter)
(a) Read the NID value as a result of analyzing images on the test piece by the image sharpness measuring
apparatus (NID meter).
4) WaveScan
(a) Make measurements on the test piece by WaveScan and read LongWave, ShortWave, du dullness, Wa,
Wb, Wc, Wd, We, and DOI.
(5) Report
1) Portable gloss meter
Record the average value of 3 measurements taken at different positions and rounded off to the 1st decimal
places. This integer is the PGD value.
place.
3) Image sharpness measuring apparatus NID
place.
4) WaveScan
Record the following values: LongWave, ShortWave, du dullness, Wa, Wb, Wc, Wd, We and DOI.
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6.2 Physical properties

6.2.1 Pencil scratch test
(1) Objective To determine scratch hardness by scratching paint surface with a test pencil.
(2) Equipment and fixtures
1) Scratch tester (PENCIL SCRATCH HARDNESS TESTER manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho LTD. or
equivalent) (Refer to Figure 21.)
2) Test pencils of varying hardness [Specified in JIS S 6006 (Pencils and colored pencils) and approved by the Paint
Testing Association]
3) Sandpaper (#400 to #700)
4) Rubber eraser or gauze
3) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as described
in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
(4) Test conditions Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2)
(5) Test procedure
1) Expose about 3 mm of the unsharpened pencil lead. Place a sheet of sandpaper on a hard flat surface. Position
the pencil perpendicular to the sandpaper. Twirl the pencil until the lead tip becomes flat with sharp corners.
Perform this procedure prior to each individual scratch test.
2) Scratch tests may be performed using the scratch hardness tester or by hand. Hold the test pencil at approximately
a 45° angle to the test piece (refer to Figures 21 and 22). Exert a force with the pencil of approximately 30 N {3 kgf}
on the test piece (the force should be just short of causing the pencil to break). Move the pencil forward
approximately 10 mm (stroke distance) at a speed of approximately 3 mm/sec. Repeat this operation 5 times at
different points on the test piece. Use pencils varying in hardness from soft to hard. Remove any pencil graphite
from the test piece with a rubber eraser or gauze. Check the test piece surface for scratches.
3) Repeat the scratching procedure outlined above using harder and harder pencils until easily noticeable scratching
is apparent for at least 3 of the 5 strokes.
Figure 21 — Paint surface scratch tester
Weight holder
Balance weight Setscrew Arm Weight Test pencil
Test pencil holder
Test piece holder
Clamp
Test piece holder

positioning wheel
Perpendicular linepassing though Perpendicular linepassing

the balance arm fulcrum though the center of the weight
Figure 22 — Scratch test performed by hand
Stroke direction
Approximately 45°
Remark Pencil hardness ratings are listed below. 9H is the hardest. 6B is the softest.
(9H, 8H, 7H, 6H, 5H, 4H, 3H, 2H, H, F, HB, B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B)
(6) Report Record paint surface hardness using the pencil hardness ratings above. The paint surface hardness
rating is one rating below the pencil hardness rating where noticeable scratching (18) occurred for 3 of the 5 strokes.
Note (18) Scratches (excluding those made by initial contact between the test pencil and the test piece) may be either shallow (paint
surface only) or deep (extending to the substrate). The extent of the scratching should be agreed upon by the personnel involved in the
testing.
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6.2.2 Impact resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the paint surface impact resistance. The surface is struck with a steel ball. The
surface is then inspected for cracking and peeling.
(2) Equipment Du Pont impact tester (specified in JIS K 5600 Item 5.3.6). (Refer to Figure 23.)
Figure 23 — Du Pont impact tester

Unit: mm
Rear impact base
Impact die
(Steel piece)
Base
(4) Test conditions Standard conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (1).
(5) Test procedure
1) Place the tester on a rigid, flat, concrete table. For front impact testing, set the test piece between the impact
die (6.35 ± 0.03 mm radius) and the base with the painted surface facing up. For rear impact testing, set the
test piece with the painted surface facing down.
2) Drop a 500 ± 1 g weight on to the impact die from the specified height. Perform this operation three times at
different points on the test piece. Visually check painted surface damage.
3) Repeat Step 2, increasing the weight drop height by 5 cm for each series of 3 impacts. Stop testing when
impact damage occurs for 2 out of 3 drops.
(6) Report
1) Impact resistance is measured in centimeters. Record the impact resistance as 5 cm less than the drop
height at which damage occurred in 2 times out of 3 impacts.
2) Maximum drop height is 50 cm. If no damage occurs when the weight is dropped from 50 cm, record the
impact resistance as “50 cm or more”.
3) Clearly note when rear impact testing occurred.
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6.2.3 Chipping resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine chipping resistance. The paint surface is bombarded with small objects simulating
pebbles and sand.
(2) Test methods
1) Gravelometer test (Method A)
2) Diamond shot test
3) Gravelometer test (Method B)
(3) Gravelometer test (Method A)
1) Equipment and fixtures
<1> Gravelometer [specified in SAE J 400 (Test for Chip Resistance of Surface Coatings)]. Refer to Figures
24 and 25.
<2> Use the shot materials specified in Table 7 below.
Table 7
Individual
Shot material type pebble size Description
range (mm)
Pebbles able to pass through a 13 mm hole-size screen but
No. 6 13 to 5
As specified in JIS unable to pass through a 5 mm hole-size screen
Crushed
A 5001 Pebbles able to pass through a 5 mm hole-size screen but unable
stone
(macadam)
(Crushed stone for to pass through a 2.5 mm hole-size screen
No. 7 5 to 2.5
road construction) The number of operations shall be up to 3 times. After pebbles are
shot, pass them through screen again.
Artificial stone – Artificial stone composed primarily of alumina
Figure 24 — Gravelometer
Unit: mm
Test piece
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Figure 25 — Gravelometer detailed diagram

Unit: mm
Shot material
Test piece
Air intake
View A
2) Test piece preparation Use 5 pieces of test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test
material as described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
3) Test conditions
<2> Test piece temperature is set to obtain -20 ± 3 °C of the paint film surface temperature during valve open.
<3> Shot material conditions: Refer to Table 8.
Table 8)
Shot material Discharge Test Shot
Test type Angle Quantity Application
(*1) pressure temperature count
-30 °C
150 g 0.40 MPa BMPR
Other vehicle(soft) Crushed -20 °C
Door
chipping stone No.7 -30 °C
100 g 0.20 MPa mirror
-20 °C
-30 °C
0.40 MPa
-20 °C
Room
250 g temperature
-40 °C As agreed
Crushed upon
stone 90° -30 °C between
method 0.49 MPa -20 °C concerned Vehicle
Own vehicle (hard) Crushed Room parties. body
chipping stone No.6 temperature Center
-30 °C mud guard
-20 °C
0.40 MPa
Room
temperature
500 g -40 °C
-30 °C
0.49 MPa -20 °C
Room
temperature
(*1) Crushed stone shall be put through a screen 3 times maximum.
Remarks 1. Test condition combination shall be determined by agreement between concerned parties.
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4) Test procedure
(a) Front side chipping .......................... spray shot on the paint surface
<1> Set the test piece to the gravelometer so that the shot material will strike it at a 90° angle.
<2> Adjust the air pressure to the specified level. Load the shot material to the gravelometer. Open the air
valve to blast the shot material at the test piece.
<3> Close the air valve to stop the shot material discharge. Remove the test piece from the gravelometer. Use
JIS Z1522 specified cellophane adhesive tape applied to the test piece to remove any foreign material
(including paint chips and film). Check the clean surface for damage.
(b) Back side chipping .......................... spray shot on the back side of the paint surface which is unpainted
<1> Set the test piece to the gravelometer so that the shot material will strike it at a 90° angle. When setting
the test piece, take care not to fix the shot surface and the surface at the other side so that clearance of
5 to 10 mm can be kept.
<2> Adjust the air pressure to the specified level. Load the shot material to the gravelometer. Open the air
valve to blast the shot material at the test piece.
<3> Close the air valve to stop the shot material discharge. Remove the test piece from the gravelometer.
Leave the test piece at the room temperature described in 4.1.2 (1) for 24 hours.
<4> Check the cracking state on the shot surface and the painted surface at the other side.
5) Judgement
<1> Check the paint damage after performing the chipping test.
Compare the test piece with a standard test piece to determine the degree of chipping. Refer to Figure
26. Determine the chipping resistance rating by comparing it with a standard plate showing
approximately the same degree of damage. Comparative area shall be the whole area of the test piece
(70 × 150 mm).
<2> Check the cracking state after performing the chipping test.
Count paint film crack positions on the coated surface of the test piece and measure the maximum
diameter of the cracks.
6) Report
<1> Check the paint damage after the chipping test. Give a damage rating (19). If the rating is lower than 1
(good rating), this should be indicated.
<2> Check the cracking state after performing the chipping test. Count paint film crack positions on the
coated surface of the test piece and measure the maximum diameter of the cracks.
Note (19) Basically, the same rating is applied to identical surface areas. The extent of damage within the area does not affect the rating.
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Figure 26.1 — (Class 1)

The value enclosed in parentheses shows the peeling area as a percentage (reference).
No.7
(0.04)
No.6
(0.05)
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Figure 26.2 — (Class 2)
No.7
(0.10)
No.6
(0.10)
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Figure 26.3 (Class 3)
No.7
(0.28)
No.6
(0.40)
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No.7
(0.49)
No.6
(0.61)
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No.7
(0.85)
No.6
(0.87)
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(4) Method by diamond shot

<1> Diamond shot tester (low temperature equipment attached) (Refer to Figure 27.)
<2> Stereomicroscope or planimeter plate
<3> Shot material Shot material is a single piece of octahedron industrial diamond weighing 10 ± 1 mg
(approximately 1/20th of a carat). The diamond must have sharp corners.
<4> Cellophane adhesive tape (Specified in JIS Z1522)
<5> Standard planimeter plate for identification area evaluation, shown in Table 10, that is assimilated to an
identification area and is made of celluloid.
Figure 27
Diamond input tube
Speed sensor
Solenoid valve
Compressed
air intake
Main switch Test piece holder

Air ON/OFF switch (with cooling mechanism)
Pipe guide
(Shatterproof glass)
2) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as
3) Test conditions
<1> Room temperature conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2) and -20 ± 2 °C.
<2> Shot speed and hot points <a> 90 ± 0, 130 ± 20, 170 ± 20 km/h 10 points each
<b> 210 ± 20 km/h 30 points
<c> 170 ± 20 km/h 30 points
<3> Air pressure 0.05 to 0.2 MPa (0.5 to 2 kgf/cm2)
Remark For performing the test at low temperature, perform the test in the low temperature test chamber adjusted to the specified
temperature, or perform the test after cooling the test piece so as to reach the specified temperature at the time of shot of
a test piece.
4) Test procedure
<1> Set the test piece to the diamond shot tester test piece holder.
<2> Adjust the tester air pressure for the specified shot speed. Insert the diamond. Open the air valve to hurl
the diamond shot against the test piece. Note the diamond shot speed.
<3> Change the test piece position. Repeat Step 2 as many times as required.
<4> Fix JIS Z1522 specified cellophane adhesive tape applied to the paint surface and remove the peeled
paint film.
5) Judgment
<1> Carefully check, either with a microscope or the naked eye, the depth of the paint surface indentations at
all points on the test piece. Refer to Table 9 and Figure 28. Check the size of the damaged areas with a
microscope and standard planimeter plate for indentation area evaluation. Refer to Figure 29. Calculate
the average size of the damaged areas relative to the diamond shot speed.
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Table 9 — Indentation depth classification (3-paint layers)
Symbol Depth Remarks

d To the inside of the topcoat
C Between the topcoat and the intermediate coat
b To the inside of the intermediate coat Refer to Figure 25.
B Between the intermediate coat and the undercoat
a To the inside of the undercoat
A Between the undercoat and the substrate
Remark If you are testing paint coatings with an odd number of layers (2-layers/4 or more layers), approximate the classifications. Try
and stay as close to the classifications shown in Table 9 as possible.
Figure 28 — Depth (S) Figure 29 — Indentation size or area (a)
Top coat
Intermediate
coat
Undercoat
Material surface Size (area) as measured by a

planimeter plate
6) Report
<1> Record the indentation depths made by each of the diamond shot speeds. Record the average
indentation depth and the average indentation area. Record the average indentation area in mm2 or mm
and the diamond shot average speed in km/h. Draw a graph showing the relationship between diamond
shot speed and indentation area. (Refer to Example 1 below.)
Example 1 Table 10 — Standard planimeter plate for indentation

area evaluation
Indentation diameter mm Peeled area rating
Less than φ 0.5

Indentation area (mm2)
Diamond shot speed

(km/h)
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(5) Method by Gravelometer B

<1> Test equipment Erichsen’s VDA508
<2> Shot material Iron pieces as pebbles: φ 4 to 5 mm
<3> Adhesive tape As specified in EN Standards: EN1939.
That is, adhesive tape with width 25 mm, adhesion force 600 g/cm to 700 g/cm or equivalent
2) Preparation of test piece According to Item 4.3.3, apply pain paint to test plate E (70 × 150 mm) described
in Item 4.2, and use it as the test piece.
3) Test conditions
<1> Test room temperature 23 ± 2 °C
<2> Test room humidity 50 ± 5% RH
<3> Shot conditions
Condition 1 Condition 2 Condition 3

Short amount 500 ± 10 g/shot 500 ± 10 g/shot 500 ± 10 g/shot
Number of shots 2 shots 2 shots 3 shots
Shot pressure 2.0 bar (0.2 MPa) 2.0 bar (0.2 MPa) 3.0 bar (0.3 MPa)
Shot temperature -20 °C 23 ± 2 °C 23 ± 2 °C
4) Test procedure
<1> Set the test equipment to shoot the shot material of 500 g in 10 seconds ±1 second.
<2> Fix the test piece to the test equipment where the temperature is set to the specified temperature.
<3> Supply the specified amount of shot material to the test equipment and discharge it at the specified shot
pressure.
<4> After discharging the shot material, take out the test piece and wash it with water. Affix tape to the test
paint surface, peel off the tape to remove unnecessary matters materials (including pealed peeled paint
film), and then check the peel offpeel-off state of the painted surface.
5) Judgment As agreed upon by the concerned parties.
6) Report As agreed upon by the concerned parties.
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6.2.4 Adhesive characteristics

(1) Test methods
1) Checkerboard cutter (Method A)
2) Cross-cut (Method B)
3) Peeling (Method C)
(2) Checkerboard cutter (Method A)
1) Objective To determine the adhesion between the material surface and the paint film and between the
different paint layers
<1> Cutter (as specified in JIS K 5600). A multi-cross cutter may be used in place of the ordinary cutter.
Refer to Figure 30.
<2> Cellophane adhesive tape [as specified in JIS Z 1522 (Cellophane adhesive tape)].
Figure 30 — Multi-cross cutter
4) Test conditions Standard conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (1)

5) Test procedure
<1> Use the cutter to cut 11 or 6 vertical and horizontal lines in the test piece paint surface 2 mm apart to
create a checkerboard pattern. The vertical and horizontal lines must be parallel to each other. Cut
through to the material surface.
<2> Cut a piece of cellophane adhesive tape 18 to 30 mm wide. Apply the tape to the test piece. Quickly peel
the tape away from the test piece. Perform this according to the following peeling procedure in
horizontal and vertical direction 3 times in total and check the peeled and unpeeled areas of the
checkerboard pattern (20). Refer to Figure 31 and Table 11 for the evaluation criteria.
(How to peel the tape) Peeling

direction
(Evaluation)
Test piece
Cellophane
adhesive tape
Note (20) A checkerboard square where more than 50% of the area remains unpeeled shall be regarded as
unaffected. Refer to Figure 31.
Figure 31 — Sample test piece (Remaining paint film and rank criteria)
Rank 10 Rank 8 Rank 6 Rank 4 Rank 2 Rank 0
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Remaining temperature
of paint film
Table 11
Rank Cut condition

There is no evidence of peeling. The paint surface remains complete and smooth around each of the
10
checkerboard cuts. The cut intersection points form perfect squares. There is no isolated peeling.
A slight degree of independent peeling is evident at the cut intersection points. There is no peeling
8 along the straight lines of the checkerboard squares. The peeled paint occupies within 5% of the
individual square area.
Peeling is evident on all sides of the intersection points and the straight line portions. Peeled paint
6
occupies from 5 to 15% of the individual square area.
Wide areas of paint are peeled on either side of the cut lines. Peeled paint occupies from 15 to 35%
4
of the individual square area.
Wide areas of peeled paint are evident on either side of the cut lines, greatly exceeding those of Rank
2
4. Peeled paint occupies from 35 to 65% of the individual square area.
0 Peeled paint occupies more than 65% of the individual square area.
6) Report
<1> Record the degree of adhesion by calculating the ratio of unpeeled checkboard patterns numbers/the
total number of checkboard patterns, and indicate evaluation point together.
<2> Record the condition of the peeled areas (For example, from the substrate, or from the top of the middle
coat).
(3) Cross-cut (Method B)

different paint layers.
<1> Cutter (as specified in JIS K 5600).
<2> Cellophane adhesive tape (as specified in JIS Z 1522).
4) Test conditions Standard conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (1)
5) Test procedure
<1> Use the cutter to cut two lines in the test piece center as shown in Figure 32. Cut through to the material
surface.
<2> Cut a piece of cellophane adhesive tape 18 mm wide. Apply the tape to the test piece. Quickly peel the
tape away from the test piece. Check the peeled and unpeeled areas of the X pattern.
Figure 32
60 to 90°
6) Report Record the presence or absence of peeling.
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(4) Peeling (Method C)

different paint layers.
<1> Masking tape Heat-resistant tape (e.g., polyester tape)
<2> Cellophane adhesive tape and 2-fluid epoxy adhesive agent
<3> Cutter
<4> Abrasive paper #600 sandpaper or similar grade of sandpaper
<5> Tensile tester A tensile tester with an automatic tensile load recorder shall be used. Tensile speed will
be variable with maximum loads in the 15 to 85% range.
<6> Paint for preparing peel-off portion (paint having good separability from sample paint without adhesion to
PP) (only method B of preparing test piece)
<7> Reinforcing paint (PLYMAC No. 4000 of BASF NOF Coatings Co., Ltd. or the equivalent) (Only method
B of preparing test piecespiece)
3) Test piece preparation
<1> Method A
Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Degrease and mask or apply paint separation
treatment to the top third of the test plate. Paint the test material (undercoat) as described in Item 4.3.3
and allow it to dry. Peel free the masking tape if used. Use the sandpaper to bevel the undercoat edges.
Paint the entire test plate surface with the topcoat paint. Bake the test plate. Refer to Figure 33.1.
Figure 33-1
Topcoat
Undercoat
Substrate
Bevel the undercoat corners

<2> Method B
Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Degrease and mask approximately 2/3
(approximately 100 mm) of test plate. Apply paint for preparing peel-off portion to the residual 1/3
(approximately 50 mm) by the film thickness of 5 to 10 μm and peel free the masking tape. As described
in Item 4.3.3, paint the test material (undercoat) on the entire test plate surface on the wet-on-wet basis
and dry the surface. Paint the entire test plate surface with the reinforcing paint by the film thickness of
80 to 100 μm on the wet-on-wet basis. Bake the test plate. Refer to Figure 33.2.
Figure 33-2
Reinforcing paint
Undercoat
Paint for preparing peel-off portion

Substrate
Approximately Approximately
100 mm 50 mm
4) Test conditions Standard conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (1).

5) Test procedure
<1> Attach an 18 mm wide strip of cellophane adhesive tape or adhesives (in this case, coating surface
should be slightly polished.) to the test plate area shown in Figure 34.
<2> Cut a 10 mm wide strip from the paint surface. Cut all the way to the substrate. (After hardening when an
adhesive is used).
<3> Carefully peel the paint by hand from the substrate. Peel from the area of the substrate having no
undercoating.
<4> Position the material in the grippers of the tester. Fold over 1/3 the other painted surface. Place in the
tester. (Refer to Figure 35 below.)
<5> Tension speed Measure the tensile load at a pulling speed of 20 ± 5 mm/min. Continue measuring until
the remaining bond area is approximately 10 mm. Draw a curved-line graph showing the relationship
between tensile load and peeling. Calculate the average value for the wavy part of the graph. Refer to
Figure 36.
6) Report Record the measured load in units of g/10 mm (average value is n = 3). Append the peeled area
measurements between the substrate and the undercoat and between the paint layers.
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Figure 34 Figure 35
Load cell side

Edge length should
be more than 1/3 of
test piece
Material
Cellophane adhesive tape

or adhesive (t = 1 mm)
Figure 36
A +B+D+E+F+ a+b+ d+ e+ f Load (kg)

Average value =
10
Abnormal values marked with ○ are excluded.
Time (Minutes)
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6.2.5 Thermal non-adhesive characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the tendency of the paint to become adhesive (tacky) under high-temperature air
conditions.
1) Gauze: Pharmaceutical type, 50 mm2, 5 square pieces
2) Weight: 40 mm diameter flat bottom cylinder weighing 500 g
(3) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as described
(4) Test conditions
1) Temperature conditions: Refer to Table 12.
2) Time: 1 hour
Table 12
Test temperatures (23)
(21)
Test method Old
Application Market Bonnet-type Cab-over- Applicable part (Example) (22)
classification engine type classify-
area vehicle
vehicle cation
Group Interior parts installed
S 115 ± 3 (24) 105 ± 3 (25) Instrument panel upper side Rear
1A horizontally above the
parcel shelf upper side Method 1,
door waist in areas
Group Rear seat back upper side Cluster Group 1
exposed to strong D 110 ± 3 (24) 100 ± 3 ( )
25
1B lid A upper side
sunlight
Group Steering column upper side Horn
S 105 ± 3 (24) 95 ± 2 (25) Method 1,
Method 2A Interior parts installed pad upper side
Group 2
1 in areas exposed to Door trim upper side
Group and Group
strong sunlight D 100 ± 3 (24) 90 ± 2 (25) Door armrest upper side
2B 3 (Partial)
Center console upper side
Group
Interior parts installed S 95 ± 2 (24) 85 ± 2 (25) Body side trim upper side Method 1,
3A
in areas exposed to Luggage rack side trim upper Group 3
Group
sunlight D 80 ± 2 (24) 70 ± 2 (25) portion (Partial)
3B
Group
Exterior parts S 90 ± 2 (26) Roof molding, bumper, window
1A Method 2,
installed to horizontal upper molding, door waist molding,
Group Group 1
surfaces D 80 ± 2 (26) cowl top grille, and rear spoiler
1B
Group Method 2,
Exterior parts S 85 ± 2 (26)
2A Window side molding, side guard Group 2
installed to vertical
molding, front pillar molding, and and
Group surfaces usually
D 80 ± 2 (26) rear pillar molding Group 4
2B above the door waist
Method (Partial)
2 Group Method 2,
Exterior parts S
3A Radiator grille, headlamp finisher, Group 3
installed to vertical
80 ± 2(26) rear finisher, wheel cover, and and
Group surfaces usually
D outside mirror Group 4
3B below the door waist
(Partial)
Group Exterior parts All Method 2,
130 ± 2 ( ) Hood louver
27
4 installed to positions areas Group 5
Group subject to engine All Cowl top grille (vehicle equipped with hood louver) and
90 ± 2 ( )
27
5 room heat areas and hood secondary latch coating Group 6
Group All Radiator shroud, reservoir tank, and radiator hose
125 ± 2 ( )
27
1 areas strut
Method Group Parts installed to the All Air inlet duct, distributor cap, alternator, fuel pump
115 ± 2 ( )
27
Method 3
3 2 engine compartment areas spacer, engine cooling fan, and fan motor
Group All
90 ± 2 (27) Fuel strainer, washer tank, canister, and battery
3 areas
Note (21) S = Tropical areas in North America, Australia, the Near East, the Middle East, Africa, and Southeast Asia D = Japan, general
export, and Europe
(22) Varies with vehicle type.
(23) Method 2, Group 4A and Group 4B of the old classification system has been deleted.
(24) Surface temperature of part heated by infrared radiation. Refer to Note (7) (b) (2) in NES M 0131 for the actual measuring
method. Atmospheric temperature for test part rear areas should be 80 ± 2 °C for Groups 1, 2, and 3A. It should be 65 ± 2 °C
for Group 3B.
However, group 1 test temperatures should exceed the indicated value by 10 °C if excessively high temperatures are
anticipated (for example, vehicles to be sealed against dust accumulation while in storage at a distributor or dealer).
Also, test temperatures for Group 1 vehicles not equipped with glass sunroofs should be −4 °C below the indicated value.
(25) Surface temperature of a part heated by an infrared lamp. Atmospheric temperature for test part rear areas should be 50 ±
2 °C for Groups 1A, 2A, and 3A. It should be 40 ± 2 °C for Group 3B.
(26) Part atmospheric temperature
(27) Test parts normally subjected to engine compartment heat should be tested at separate and appropriate temperatures.
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(5) Test procedure

1) Position the test piece horizontally with the painted surface facing up. Place 5 sheets of gauze at the painted
surface center.
2) Place the weight at the gauze center. Place the test piece in the constant temperature chamber at the
specified temperature for the specified time.
3) Remove the test piece from the chamber. Pull the gauze from the paint surface. Note the degree of adhesion
between the painted surface and the gauze. Note the gauze fabric pattern on the painted surface.
(6) Report Record the degree of adhesion and the gauze fabric pattern traces. Use the criteria shown in Figure
37.
Figure 37 — Judgement criteria B
(A) (B) (C)
(No trace of gauze)
Partial gauze trace Partial gauze trace
6.2.6 Abrasiveness
(1) Objective To determine the ease with which the undercoat and intermediate coat may be polished.
(2) Equipment #260 to #600 water resistant sandpaper or dry sandpaper
(4) Test procedure To water-sand, use the water-resistant sandpaper together with a small quantity of running
water. To dry-sand, use the dry sandpaper. Note the ease or difficulty of polishing and the degree to which the
polished surface becomes flat.
(5) Report Record the ease or difficulty of polishing. Record the degree to which the polished surface becomes
flat.
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6.2.7 Bending and twisting resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the coat deflection, adhesion, and brittleness when bending the painted test piece
in the direction of paint flow.
This test method is applicable to soft specimens (PUR, PP, etc.) with a bending modulus of less than 392
MPa {4,000 kgf/cm2}.
(2) Equipment Mandrel (25.4 mm diameter)
(4) Test conditions
1) Standard conditions specified in Item 4.1.2 (1).
2) Conditions shall be determined by agreement between the concerned parties.
(5) Test procedure Place the mandrel at the test piece longitudinal center. Bend the test piece 180° over a
1-second period. Check for paint surface cracking and peeling. Note the degree of substrate cracking.
(6) Report Record the degree of ordinary cracking, hairline cracking, and peeling in the test piece bent area
paint surface and the substrate. Refer to the criteria given in Figure 38 (Evaluation marks and conditions).
Figure 38 — Twisted or bent paint coated test piece cracking samples
Grade 5 4 3
Small surface line cracking

Substrate cracking Paint surface line cracking
together with crease cracking
2 1 0
Thick surface line cracking or Surface crease cracking extending No cracking

surface crease cracking over the entire paint area (Neither ordinary or hairline)
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6.2.8 Abrasion resistance characteristics

(1) Test methods
1) Traverse abrasion tester (Method 1)
2) RCA abrasion tester (Method 2)
3) Long-stroke (New Ford Method) abrasion tester (Method 3)
4) Taber abrasion tester (Method 4)
(2) Traverse abrasion tester (Method 1)
1) Objective To determine the degree of abrasion when the paint surface is rubbed with a cloth. This test
method is applicable to large test specimens.
<1> Traverse abrasion tester (Refer to Figure 39.)
<2> Cloth (Refer to Test conditions below.)
Figure 39 — Traverse abrasion tester
Motor Reduction gear
Test specimen Crank disk
Abrasion cloth
Specimen base
4) Test conditions
<2> Refer to Table 13 for the operating conditions.
Table 13 — Traverse abrasion tester operating conditions
Item Condition
Inner layer : Broadcloth (JIS L 0803, rigid weave test-type attached white cloth, 50 mm × 50
Abrasion cloth mm, 6-pieces stacked)
Outer layer : Canvas (JIS L 3102, Cotton canvas, 1206)
Load Equivalent to 1 N {0.1 kgf/cm2}
Stroke 100 mm
Sliding speed 30 reciprocal strokes/minute
Sliding cycle total 5,000 reciprocal strokes
5) Test procedure
<1> Set the test piece to the abrasion tester. The test piece must be positioned so that its entire surface is
stroked during testing (28).
<2> Rub the paint surface according to the specified conditions. Note abrasion and appearance changes.
Note (28) If an actual part is used for testing, it will not be possible to subject the entire surface to rubbing. In this case, the abrasion
cloth stroke average speed must be set to 100 mm/second.
6) Report Record the degree of paint surface abrasion and surface appearance changes.
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(3) RCA abrasion tester (Method 2)

1) Objective
To determine the degree of abrasion when the paint surface is rubbed with a cloth. This test method is
applicable to smaller test specimens and non-uniformly shaped parts.
<1> RCA abrasion tester (Refer to Figure 40.)
<2> Friction paper (Computer tape buff yellow, unoiled, 11/6 inch wide, and placed in a desiccator for at least
seven days)
Figure 40 — RCA abrasion tester
Unit: mm
Load roller
Friction paper
Load roller Test piecer
4) Test conditions
<1> Standard conditions specified in Item 4.1.2 (1)
Table 14
Load 2.7 N {275 gf}

Friction paper speed 2,350 to 2,400 mm/min
Operation Mechanical standard (1.5 sec ON, 2.5 sec OFF)
Number of Outer layer 100

operations Inner layer 40
5) Test procedure
<1> Set the test piece to the abrasion tester. Perform the test the specified number of times under the
specified conditions.
<2> After completion of testing, note abrasion and appearance changes.
6) Report Record the degree of paint surface abrasion and surface appearance changes. When appreciable
change occurs during the test, record the test cycle number and describe the change.
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(4) Long-stroke (New Ford Method) abrasion tester (Method 3)

1) Objective To determine the degree of perspiration-related abrasion when the paint surface is rubbed with
a cloth.
<1> Long-stroke (New Ford Method) abrasion tester (Refer to Figure 41.)
<2> Friction cloth: As specified in Test conditions below
<3> Artificial perspiration liquid: Artificial perspiration can be made by dissolving 8 g of disodium phosphate
(#12 salt water), 8 g of sodium chloride, and 5 g of acetic acid in 1ℓ of salt water. The resulting solution
will have a pH value of approximately 4.5.
<4> Oleic acid: (10 wt% by weight oleic acid solution in petroleum benzine solvent)
<5> Lactic acid: (10 wt% by weight) solution
Figure 41 — Long-stroke (New Ford Method) abrasion tester

Test specimen
Abrasion cloth
Motor
4) Test conditions
Table 15
Item Condition
Abrasion cloth Canvas (JIS L 3102, Cotton canvas, 1206)
Load 1.27 N/piece {1.3 kgf/piece}
Stroke 100 mm
Abrasion cloth speed 50 cycles/minute
Number of times Dry type and wet type: 5,000 times each
Abrasion cloth width 45 mm
5) Test procedure
<1> Set the test piece to the abrasion tester. Perform the dry abrasion cloth test the specified number of
times under the specified conditions.
<2> Next, immerse the abrasion cloth in the 10wt% oleic acid solution for 10 minutes. Remove the cloth from
the solution and wring it lightly. Set the cloth to the tester and repeat the test (wet type).
<3> Repeat Step <2>, this time immersing the abrasion cloth in the 10 wt% lactic acid.
<4> After completion of testing, note abrasion and appearance changes (cracking, deformation,
discoloration, etc.).
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M0141_2019-N
6) Report Record the degree of paint surface abrasion and surface appearance change.
(5) Taber abrasion tester (Method 4)
1) Objective To determine the degree of paint surface abrasion taking into consideration the anti-scratch
characteristics.
<1> Taber abrasion tester (Refer to Figure 42.)
<2> Hazemeter (10 mm cross section, measurement luminous flux)
<3> Gloss meter (As specified in JIS Z 8741 Item 4.)
Figure 42 — Taber abrasion tester
Direction of rotation
Abrasion wheel
Rotating table
Abrasion wheel
Rotating table
Test plate
3) Test piece preparation Use the test plate (150 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Drill a φ7 mm hole at the
center of the test plate. Paint the test material as described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test plate.
4) Test conditions
<1> Standard conditions specified in Item 4.1.2 (1).
Table 16
Abrasion wheel (29) CS-10F

Load 5 N {500 gf}
Table rotating speed 60 rpm {min-1}
Number of rotations 100 times
Note (29) For each of the three test pieces, clean the surfaces by
rotating a zinc plate over them 50 times. (Sandpaper
may be substituted for the zinc plate.)
5) Test procedure
<1> Carefully wipe the test plate surfaces with ethanol.
<2> Set the test piece to the abrasion tester. Perform the tests under the specified conditions.
<3> After test completion, measure the haze value and the degree of glossiness following the procedure
described in Item 6.1.2. (These same measurements should have been made before the test).
6) Report
Calculate the haze value (∆H) and the glossiness retention ratio (GR) using the following formula. Record
the results.
∆H(%) = after test haze value - before test haze value
GR(%) = After test glossiness × 100
Before test glossiness
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6.2.9 Scratching resistance characteristics

(1) Test methods
1) Car wash brush method (Method 1)
2) Scratching resistance method (Method 2)
3) Sandpaper method (Method 3)
4) Glass bead method (Method 4)
5) Quartz sand method (Method 6)
(2) Car wash brush (Method 1)

1) Objective To determine outer body panel paint surface resistance to brush scratches.
2) Equipment and material
<1> Car wash brush: Material is polyethylene, and shape is a cross with split end (the split end section length
shall be 10 mm from the end). The number of brush bristle holes 170, the number of brushes 38/1 hole,
total length of the brush = 220 mm.
* Refer to Figure 43.
Figure 43
<2> Motor: Motor operating speed (and brush rotation speed) shall be 150 rpm.
<3> Muddy water for testing Mix 8 kinds of dust (JIS Z 8901 Test powders and test particles) together with
clean water and 0.75% aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfuric natrium. Proportions are
as follows: 3 parts dust/10 parts water/2 parts aqueous solution
<4> Hazemeter
<5> Deviation angle color difference meter
<6> Brush
described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece. Cut the test piece of 70 × 75 mm in size.
4) Test conditions
<2> Brush rotation speed and rotation duration: 150 rpm for 10 seconds
<3> Water volume: 4ℓ/minute
5) Test procedure
<1> Place the test piece with the painted surface facing up. Use a brush to apply the muddy water solution to
the test piece (0.5 cm3/70 × 75 mm).
<2> Position the test piece 150 mm away from the car wash brush center. Rotate the brush at the specified
speed for the specified time while applying water at the specified volume.
<3> Repeat Steps <1> and <2> specified cycles.
<4> Remove any muddy water from the test piece and wipe off brush leavings scraps with alcohol in the
direction of scratch scratches by using winoeyettedouble-sided flannel cloth. Measure the haze value
(∆H) and the color value difference (∆L*10*).
<5> Measure the color again after heating at 80 °C for 1 h.
∆H(%) = after test haze value - before test haze value
∆L*10* = L*10* after test value - L*10* before test value
L*10* measurement conditions : Incident angle = 0°
Reflective angle = 10°
The reflective angle must be perpendicular to the flaw.
(Refer to Figure 44.)
Figure 44
Incident angle Reflective angle
Flaw direction
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(3) Scratch strength (Method 2)

1) Objective To determine scratching flaw resistance.
<1> Jig (Refer to Figure 45.) Material: C3713P-H (JIS H 3100), t = 2.0
Surface treatment: MB NiII (JIS H 8617)
<2> Weight 900 g (For exterior coating), 2,000 g (For interior coating)
Figure 45 — Scratching jig
Enlarged view of part A
Moving direction
(Scratch)
Material SUS304
4) Test conditions
<2> Load: 9 N {900 gf}, 20 N {2,000 gf}
<3> Scratching speed: 10 mm/sec.
5) Test procedure
<1> Place the test piece on a flat surface. Set the jig perpendicular to the test piece. Apply the specified load.
<2> Move the jig across the test piece approximately 50 mm at the specified speed. (Refer to Figure 45.)
<3> Repeat this for 5 times at intervals of 5 mm or more.
<4> Examine the paint surface for flaws.
6) Report Record any discovered damage and its degree.
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(4) Sandpaper (Method 3)

1) Objective To determine paint surface resistance to abrasion caused by footwear and luggage.
<1> Traverse abrasion tester: As specified in Item 6.2.8 (2) 2) <1>.
<2> Abrasion tester: As specified under test conditions.
4) Test conditions Refer to Table 17 below.
Table 17 — Traverse abrasion tester operating conditions

Item Condition
Abrasion tester #80 sandpaper

Load 10 N/cm2 or 5 N/cm2 {1 kgf/cm2 or 5 kgf/cm2} (30)
Stroke 100 mm
Number of abrasions 1 reciprocation
Abrasion speed 100 mm/sec.
Note ( ): Applicable to waist upper parts.
30
5) Test procedure
<1> Set the test piece to the abrasion tester. The test piece must be positioned so that its entire surface is
stroked during testing. (Refer to Figure 46.)
Figure 46
#80 Hard rubber
Testing stand Sandpaper (Shore A 95 to 99) Load
Testing stand
<2> Rub the paint surface according to the specified conditions. Note abrasion and appearance changes in
both vertical and horizontal directions under natural light.
If the flaws are difficult to detect because of light reflection and glare, swivel the test piece to make it
easier to see. (Refer to Figure 47.)
Figure 47 — Abrasion surface viewing
Abrasion surface
Swivel
6) Report Record your observations based on the criteria in Table 18 below.

Table 18
Rank Flaw observation
A Not observed
B Minuscule insignificant whitening
C Slight whitening of minor significance
D Easily observable whitening of minor significance
E Evident whitening of some significance
F Prominent and significant whitening
Remark If required, prepare a standard reference plate.
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(5) Glass bead method (Method 4)

1) Objective To confirm the gloss increase for matte paint inflicted by human fingernail’s scratch.
2) Test equipment qnd apparatus
<1> Tranverse abrasion testing machine as specified in Item 6.2.8. (2) 2) <1>
<2> Glossimeter as specified in Item 6.1.2 (2) of this Standard.
<3> Colorimeter as specified in Item 6.1.5 (2) 2) of this Standard.
<4> Sandblast-type glass bead (Fuji Glass Co. FGB-60 or equivalent. Grain diameter must be in the 150 to 250 μm
range.)
<5> 2-sided cloth adhesive tape (Used to secure the glass bead).
3) Test piece preparation Use the test plate A (70 × 150 mm) described in Item 4.2 of this Standard. Paint the plate as
specified in Item 4.3.3 of this Standard to create the test piece.
4) Test conditions Test conditions shall be specified in Table 19 below.
Table 19
Item Operating condition

Abrasion tester The 2-sided adhesive tape should be evenly applied to the glass bead (30 × 30
mm).
Load 2.2 N/cm2 {0.22 kgf/cm2}
Note: For the above mentioned abrasion area, the load is 2 kgf.
Stroke 100 mm
Number of abrasions 5 reciprocations
Abrasion speed 100 mm/sec
5) Test procedure
<1> Measure the test piece gloss and color hue.
<2> Attach the 2-sided cloth adhesive tape (30 mm square) to the traverse-type abrasion tester pedestal.
<3> Attach the glass bead uniformly to the 2-sided tape.
<4> Set the test piece and the pedestal to the traverse-type abrasion tester. Refer to Figure 39.
<5> Use the tester to rub the painted surface. After rubbing, measure the test piece gloss and color hue.
6) Report
After testing, use the following formula to calculate the gloss change ratio G and the color hue (ΔE).
Gloss change G = (Gloss value after test) – (Gloss value before test)
ΔE: As specified in Item 6.1.5. (6) 2).
(6) Scratch strength (Method 5)

1) Objective To determine the scratching flaw resistance to watches, nails, rings, keys, etc., of black high gloss interior
paint.
<1> Jig (Refer to Figure 45). Material: C3713P·H (JIS H 3100), t = 2.0
Surface treatment: MB NiII (JIS H 8617)
<2> Weight: 1,000 g, 3,000 g, 5,000 g
Refer to Figure 45 for the scratching jig.
3) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 75 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as described in Item
4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
4) Test conditions
<2> Load: 9.81 N {1,000 gf}, 29.43 N {3,000 gf}, 49.05 N {5,000 gf}
<3> Scratching speed: 10 mm/s
5) Test procedure
<1> Measure the initial brightness of the test piece.
<2> Place the test piece on a flat surface, set the jig up and apply the specified load.
<3> Move the jig approximately 50 mm across the test piece at the specified speed. (Refer to Figure 45.)
<4> Perform 15 times at intervals of 1 mm.
<5> Measure the brightness of the test piece.
6) Report Difference in brightness (Brightness after testing - brightness before testing)
For measuring method, refer to Figure 44 in 6.2.9 Scratching resistance characteristics, 1) Car wash brush method,
5) Test procedure.
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(7) Quartz sand method (Method 6)

1) Objective To determine the wiping flaw resistance to cloth etc. of black high gloss interior paint.
2) Test equipment
(1) Reciprocal test machine (Refer to Fig. 51 of 6.2.10 Dry wiping resistance characteristics (2) Equipment and
materials 1) Equipment.)
3) Materials
(1) Non woven fabric Manufacturer: Kureha Ltd., Product name: Non woven fabric skin, Model number:
KYN195MM34138 or equivalent
(2) Flannel (woolen yarn) Manufacturer: Kowa Company, Ltd., Product name: 1000 ultra-spec. flannel cloth or
equivalent
(3) Quartz sand (JIS Z8901 Type Class 1) or equivalent to JIS standard
(4) Artificial solar Manufacturer: SERIC., Ltd., Product name: SOLAX XC-500AF or equivalent
4) Test piece preparation Use painted plate (70 × 75 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as described in Item
4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
5) Test conditions
(1) Room temperature conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2).
(2) Size of sliding piece 15 mm X 15 mm
(3) Quartz sand: 0.9 ± 0.1 mg
(4) Load: 9 N/cm {0.92 kgf/cm2} Note) 2.07 kgf is applied by the sliding piece specified in (2).
(5) Specified stroke: 30 mm
(6) Specified reciprocating speed: 30 times/min
(7) Specified number of reciprocating motions: 1
6) Test procedure
(1) Wipe off dirt and/or finger prints on the test piece using a flannel moistened with neutral detergent while making
lather and applying force by a finger on to the test piece surface, and then use an air blower to remove water
drops.
(2) Cut the non-woven fabric into a piece of 20 mm × 20 mm, paste the back surface of the piece on to the sliding
piece using pieces of both-sided adhesive tape, and then fix it on the tester. Non-woven fabrics have front side and
back side. Touch both sides and define the harder one as the front side and softer one as the back side. (Refer to
Fig. 48.)
(3) Weigh quartz sand of 0.9 mg. The scale used here shall be able to measure up to 4th decimal point (0.0001 g).
(4) Use a level or other means to adjust so that the sliding piece will be horizontal with respect to the tester.
(5) Place the test piece on the tester horizontally and fix it with both-sided adhesive tape or a jig.
(6) Lower the sliding piece so that the fibers of the non-woven fabric will come in contact with the surface of the test
piece.
(7) Raise the sliding piece and evenly sprinkle the weighed quartz sand on to the moving part of the sliding piece.
(Refer to Fig. 49 and Fig. 50.)
(8) Lower the sliding piece, and move it back and forth, applying the specified load, by the specified stroke at the
specified reciprocating speed for the specified number of times.
(9) After raising the sliding piece and removing quartz sand and other substances on the test piece using an air blower,
wipe the test piece surface clean using a flannel moistened with neutral detergent while making lather and
applying force by a finger, and then use the air blower again to remove water drops.
(10) Under the artificial sun light, evaluate the scratched coated surface at a position where the scratches are visible
the most while changing the direction of the test piece, and then indicate the rating. Perform this evaluation in a
dark room. (Refer to Fig. 51 and Fig. 52.).
7) Report
Rating of scratches: Check scratches by subjective evaluation, compare with the limit samples or photos, and
determine a grade that is the same as the most similar one. (Refer to Fig. 53.)
Table 20
Rating Judgment criteria
5 points No scratches are recognized.
4 points Slight scratches are recognized.
3 points Scratches are recognized.
2 points Significant scratches are recognized.
1 point Particularly significant scratches are recognized.
Sliding piece
散布範囲
１５×３０mm
Double coated Non woven fabric
adhesive tape
Fold the edge.

Surface
Fig. 48 Sliding piece state
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NOK
Fig. 49 Sprinkling quartz sand (OK example) Fig. 50 Sprinkling quartz sand (NOK example)
Fig. 51 Artificial solar installation Fig. 52 Scratch observing method
5 points
4 points 3 points
1 point
2 points
1 point
Fig. 53 Rating sample photos for judging
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6.2.10 Dry wiping resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the degree of paint surface scratching when the surface is wiped with a dry rag.
(2) Equipment and materials
1) Equipment
<1> Reciprocal test machine (Refer to Figure 54).
<2> Strainer: 85 mm inner diameter (Refer to Figure 55).
<3> Variable angle colorimeter (Refer to Figure 56).
Figure 54
Weight
Abrasive cloth holder
Abrasive cloth
Test piece
Figure 55 — Strainer
Figure 56 — Variable angle colorimeter
Floodlamp
Light
reception
area
Angle of reflection
Light
Test piece reception
area
Hole
2) Materials
<1> Flannel cloth (1000 ultra-spec. flannel cloth manufactured by KOWA Company. Ltd or equivalent)
<2> 8 types of test dust (JIS Z 8901 manufactured by Kanto Roam So)
(4) Test conditions Room temperature conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2) and 5 ± 1 °C
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(5) Specified test conditions

1) Specified dust density: 5 g/ℓ (Dust : Water = 0.67 g: 134 mλ)
2) Specified turbid (dust) solution amount: 134 mℓ
3) Specified flannel cloth size: φ98 mm
4) Specified abrasive cloth size: 15 × 15 mm to 30 × 30 mm
5) Specified test surface: Flannel lower surface with dust, Flannel upper surface with dust
6) Specified load: 2.18 mN/mm2 {0.22 gf/mm2} (Standard conditions)
4.95 mN/mm2 {0.50 gf/mm2}, 7.43 mN/mm2 {0.75 gf/mm2}
7) Specified stroke: 30 mm
8) Specified number of reciprocal strokes: 50 reciprocations
9) Specified reciprocal stroke speed: 30 reciprocations/minute
10) Specified angle of incidence: 0°
11) Specified angle of reflection: 10 to 80° in 5° increments
(6) Test procedure
1) Abrasion cloth preparation
<1> Set the specified size flannel cloth to the 98 mm diameter strainer. Dampen the cloth with water.
<2> Pour the turbid (dust) solution with the dust density adjusted to specifications into the strainer. Allow the
fluid to leak through the strainer. Note the flannel cloth upper surface (surface A in Figure 51) and the
flannel cloth lower surface (surface B in Figure 51).
Figure 57
Upper
surface Water
Lower
surface
Turbid dust
solution
To <3>
To this point <1> <2>
<3> Wait until the dripping from the strainer funnel stops. Remove the flannel cloth from the strainer. Turn
the flannel cloth A surface over and set it to the wire netting. The A surface must be contacting the wire
netting. Allow the flannel cloth to dry naturally.
<4> Cut the specified size abrasion cloth from the flannel cloth.
2) Scratching procedure
<1> Note the scratching areas and the measuring areas shown in Figure 58. Mark both sides of the test
piece accordingly (●-Mark).
<2> Wash the test piece in clean water to remove all dust.
<3> Measure the measuring area initial brightness as described in Item (3) <2>.
<4> Cut out a 20 × 20 mm piece of the original flannel cloth (no dust). Attach the cloth to the reciprocal test
machine abrasive cloth holder.
<5> Attach the abrasive cloth B surface (prepared as described in Item 1) to the original flannel cloth (Step
<4> above). (Refer to Figure 59.)
<6> Fix the test plate to the reciprocal test machine in the test area at the specified temperature, and attach
a slider in a perpendicular direction to reciprocate by the specified load (2.18, 4.95, or 7.43 mN/mm2),
the specified stroke, the specified reciprocal times, and speed.
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Figure 58 Figure 59
Abrasive cloth holder
Flannel cloth
Abrasive cloth
Measuring area Scratching
3) Scratching degree variation

<1> After scratching, wash the test piece with water.
<2> Take measurements with the variable angle colorimeter. Change the incident angle and the receiving
angle in 5° increments.
<3> Measure the color again after heating at 80 °C for 1 h.
<4> Calculate the initial brightness and the after-scratching brightness based on the 5° increments. Subtract
the initial brightness from the after-scratching brightness to determine the brightness difference.
<5> Find average (∆L10 to 80*) by dividing integrated times (15) sought at in <4>.
 16   16 
Δ L10 to 80 * = ∑ L 5k * (Scratch) - ∑ L 5k * (Initial) /15
k =2   k =2 
= A + B + C + . . + 0/15
Figure 60
I : Brightness before scratching

II : Brightness after scratching
Receiving angle
(7) Report Record the ∆L10 to 80* value.
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6.2.11 Top-coat paint film inside stress cracking characteristics

(1) Objective To find out whether there are cracks resulting from faults on paint surface that may be caused by
chipping under conditions where wetting, cooling and heating are repeatedly done. This test shall apply to
bumper top coating only.
(2) Equipment, tools and fixtures
1) Constant temperature and humidity controlled chamber
2) Low temperature controlled chamber
4) Diamond shot testing machine (Refer to Figure 27 in Item 6.2.3.)
5) Shot material Sharp diamond with a shape of regular octahedron, 10 ± 1 mg (approximately 1/20 carat)
specified in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
However, use the top coat cured under the 3 following conditions/one top coat.
1) Standard baking condition: As agreed upon by the concerned parties.
2) Overbake condition: As agreed upon by the concerned parties.
3) Recoat overbake condition: After hardening the top coat under the 1-time top coat overbake condition,
recoat it with the same top coat and harden it again.
4) For paint film thickness refer to Item 4.3.3 (4).
(4) Test conditions

1) For room temperature refer to Item 4.1.2 (2).
2) Thermal cycle conditions
Regarding 4 h for 80 ± 2 °C, 0.5 h for room temperature, 1.5 h for 40 ± 2 °C, 0.5 h for room temperature, 3 h
for 70 ± 2 °C, 95 RH, 0.5 h for room temperature, 1.5 h for -40 ± 2 °C, 0.5 h for room temperature as a cycle,
perform 10 cycles.
3) Diamond shot testing conditions
<1> Temperature: -20 ± 2 °C
<2> Shot speed and shot number: 20 points of 90 ± 10 km/h
<3> Air pressure: 0.05 to 0.2 MPa {0.5 to 2 kgf/cm2}
(5) Procedure
1) Damage the surface of test material by chipping according to Item 6.2.3 (4) 4) <1> to <3>. However, tape is
not peeled off.
2) Put test materials in order into the equipment adjusted on thermal cycle conditions and keep the temperature
for the fixed time.
3) Perform the next test after taking out test materials with the specified thermal cycle testing finished.
Determine if there are cracks that did not exist before thermal cycle testing, which may be brought about by
chipping damage, other paint film faults or on the edge of testing materials.
(6) Report Record if there are top coat cracks and how large they are (length etc.).
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6.2.12 Bumper handling characteristics

(1) Objective To determine cracking characteristics on the line in handling.
(2) Required equipment

1) Vending elasticity measuring machine
(3) Test piece preparation Use PP plate 150 mm × 70 mm t3.0 coated with primer and top coat as a test piece.
(4) Test procedure

1) Put test piece on the vending elasticity measuring machine as showed in Figure 61.
2) Bend test piece at the head speed of 50 mm/min and measure displacement quantity on the part of the head
with top coat cracks occurred.
Figure 61 Measuring method
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6.3 Chemical properties
6.3.1 Moisture resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the degree of blistering under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions.
(2) Test type
1) Method A Method of directly supplying to temperature and humidity controlled chamber
2) Method B Cataplasm method
(4) Method A Method of directly supplying to temperature and humidity controlled chamber
1) Required equipment Temperature and humidity controlled chamber (that can be kept at the specified
temperature and humidity) (Refer to Figure 62.)
2) Test conditions
<1> Temperature: 50 ± 1 °C Humidity: More than 95% RH
<2> Test time: 240 hours
3) Test procedure
<1> Place the test piece in the tester (set to the specified temperature and humidity) at a 45° angle. Leave
the test piece in the tester for the specified time period.
<2> Remove the test piece from the tester. Check for paint surface blistering. Allow the test piece to set for
24 hours. Again check the paint surface for blistering. Perform the checkboard test outlined in Item 6.2.4
(2).
(5) Method B Cataplasm method
1) Test equipment Constant temperature chamber (that can be kept at the specified temperature)
2) Test conditions
<1> Test temperature: 60 °C ± 2 °C
3) Test procedure
<1> Soak 15 g cotton in 150 mℓ distilled water. Envelop the test piece in the cotton. Put them in a
polyethylene bag and seal it.
<2> Put the bag in the constant temperature chamber adjusted to the specified temperature and hold the
state for the specified time.
<3> Leave the bag for the specified time and cool it for 15 minutes. Take out the test piece.
<4> Check the degree of blister blistering of the test piece 24 hours after it is taken out. Perform the
checkboardcheck board test as described in Item 6.2.4 (2).
(6) Report (Common to both methods A and B)
1) Note the degree of blistering. Classify blistering size and density according to the criteria in Table 22. The
appearance shall be judged normal if there is no blistering.
2) Record the results of the cross-cut adhesion test as specified in Item 6.2.4 (2), 6).
Table 22 — to Blister size and density

Size Density Example figure
Symbol Degree Symbol Degree (Per ASTM D 714)
a Low
Tiny
(Glittering points with b Medium
A
φ approximately 0.1 c High
mm)
d Very high
a Low (10 or less) Figure 59.1
b Medium (20 or less) (ASTM D 714-8F, 8M)
Small
B
(φ 0.2 to 0.5 mm) c High (150 or less) Figure 59.2
d Very high (More than 150) (ASTM D 714-8MD, 8D)
Medium a Low (4 or less) Figure 59.3

C
(φ 0.5 to 1.0 mm) b Medium (20 or less) (ASTM D 714-4F, 4M)
Large a Low (3 or less) Figure 59.4

D
(φ 1.5 to 3.0 mm) b Medium (20 or less) (ASTM D 714-6F, 6M)
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Figure 62 — Moisture (humidity) resistance tester (31)
Chamber
cooling tubes Moisture (humiduty) outlet
Shower
Temperature control Air blow outlet
Dry/wet bulb
Water feed inlett
Wet bulb water feed
Water level gauge

Chamber air delivery electric
Mesh plate
Switchboard
Chamber heater
Shower pump
Blower
Note (31) Ideally, test chamber temperature and humidity are controlled independently. This ensures constant conditions. However,
if this equipment is unavailable, other equipment may be used provided temperature and humidity can be maintained at a
constant level.
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Figure 63.1 — Blister size and density
B-a Size: Small

Density: Low
(ASTM D 714-8F)
B-b Size: Small

Density: Normal
(ASTM D 714-8M)
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Figure 63.2 Blister size and density
B-c Size: Small

Density: High
(ASTM D 714-8MD)
B-d Size: Small

Density: Very high
(ASTM D 714-8D)
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C-a Size: Normal

Density: Low
(ASTM D 714-4F)
C-b Size: Normal

Density: Normal
(ASTM D 714-4M)
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D-a Size: Large

Density: Low
(ASTM D 714-6F)
D-b Size: Large

Density: Normal
(ASTM D 714-6M)
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6.3.2 Acid resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the effect of soot and other acidic substances on the paint film.
(2) Drip method

1) Chemical 3 w/v% sulfuric acid solution
3) Test conditions
<1> Standard conditions specified in Item 4.1.2 (1).
<2> Test time 4 hours
4) Test procedure
<1> Place the test piece on a flat surface. Use a dropper to drip approximately 0.2 mℓ of the 3 w/v% sulfuric
acid solution onto the test piece. Allow the test piece to set flat under the standard conditions for the
specified period of time.
<2> After setting for the specified period of time, wash the test piece with clean water. Wipe the test piece
dry with a clean cloth. Check the test piece painted surface for discoloration, staining, swelling, and
other abnormal conditions.
5) Report If paint surface discoloration, staining, and swelling are present, record their degree.
(3) Immersion method

1) Chemical 1 w/v% sulfuric acid solution
3) Test conditions
<1> Sulfuric acid water solution heated to specified temperature.
<2> Test time 24 hours
4) Test procedure
<1> Immerse the test piece in the prepared solution (standard temperature plus heated 1 w/v% sulfuric acid
water solution) as shown in Figure 64. Leave the test piece in the solution for the specified time period.
<2> Remove the test piece from the solution. Wash the test piece with clean water. Wipe the test piece dry
with a clean rag. Measure the test piece brilliance as specified in Item 6.1.2. Visually inspect the test
piece paint surface for color changes, glazing, softening, staining, and swelling.
5) Report
<1> Record the paint surface brilliance retention factor as a % in item 6.1.2.
<2> Record the degree of any color changes, glazing, softening, staining, and swelling.
Figure 64 — Acid resistance test (Immersion method)
1 W/V% H2SO4 solution
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6.3.3 Alkali resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the effects of alkali substances adhering to the paint surface.
(2) Chemicals 1 w/v% caustic soda solution
(4) Test conditions

2) Test time: 4 hours
(5) Test procedure

1) Place the test piece on a flat surface. Use a dropper to drip approximately 0.2 mℓ of the 1% caustic soda solution
onto the test piece. Allow the test piece to set flat under the standard conditions for the specified period of time.
2) After setting for the specified period of time, wash the test piece with clean water. Wipe the test piece dry with a
clean cloth. Check the test piece painted surface for discoloration, staining, swelling, and other abnormal
conditions.
(6) Report If paint surface discoloration, staining, and swelling are present, record their degree.
6.3.4 Gasoline resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the effect of gasoline on the paint surface and the degree of gasoline adhesion to the
paint surface.
(2) Materials Unleaded regular gasoline (JIS K 2202 2) or unleaded high octane gasoline described in Gasoline NES
M 5052 (Factory-Fill Gasoline) or equivalent.
(4) Test conditions Standard conditions specified in Item 4.1.2 (1).
(5) Test procedure

1) Soak in gasoline the test piece cross-cutcrosscut to the base for 30 minutes.
2) Remove the test plate from the dip. Wipe the test plate 2 or 3 times with a clean rag. Check for paint surface
peeling, discoloration, staining, and swelling.
3) Allow the test piece to set for 24 hours. Then, perform the adhesion test as specified in Item 6.2.4 (2).
(6) Report
1) Record the general condition of the test piece after being wiped clean.
2) Report the adhesion characteristics as specified in Item 6.2.4 (2), 6).
6.3.5 Engine oil resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the effect of adhering engine oil on the paint surface.

2) Engine oil SM 5W-30 described in NES M 5051 (Lubricating Oil for Automobile Gasoline Engine) or equivalent
in Item 4.3.3. to prepare the test piece.
(4) Test conditions

2) Test temperature and test time: 20 ± 2 °C for 4 hours
(5) Test procedure

1) Place the test piece on a flat surface. Drip 0.3 to 0.5 mℓ of engine oil onto the test piece. Place the test piece in the
chamber (set to the specified conditions) and leave it there for the specified time.
2) Remove the test piece from the chamber. Use a clean rag to wipe the engine oil from the test piece. If necessary,
further clean the test plate with benzene. Check the test piece for discoloration, staining, and swelling.
(6) Report Record the absence or presence of discoloration, staining, and swelling.
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6.3.6 Paint surface protective agent resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the effect of paint surface protective agents to the paint surface.

2) Constant temperature and humidity control chamber
3) Sunshine weather meter
4) Exposure stand
5) Paint surface protective agent: As specified in NES M 5067 (Protective Agents for Coating Films on Vehicle
Bodies)
described in Item 4.3.3. to prepare the test piece.
(4) Test conditions

1) Method A: 60 °C for 120 hours
2) Method B: 50 °C, more than 95% RH, for 120 hours
3) Method C: Sunshine weathermeter (black panel temperature at 63 ± 3 °C) for 250 hours
4) Method D: Outdoor exposure, for 3 months (to include summer)
(5) Test procedure

1) Use a spray gun to evenly apply the paint surface protective agent to the test piece paint surface. The
protective agent layer thickness should be determined by the personnel involved in the testing.
2) Allow the test piece to stand under the standard conditions for 24 hours specified in Item 4.1.2 (1).
3) Apply the various aging conditions to the test piece. Remove the protective agent. Check the paint surface
for defects.
(6) Report Record any paint surface defects, the severity of the defects, and the aging conditions under which
they occurred (fading, discoloration, staining, softening, swelling, and peeling).
6.3.7 Rust preventive agent resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the effects of rust preventive agents adhering to the paint surface.

2) Rust preventive agent: inside wax for body NES M5070 (Rust Preventive Agents), wax for body outer panel,
wax for under floor, and rust preventive agent for engine room of NES M5075 (Engine Compartment Rust
Preventive Materials)
(4) Test conditions

1) Standard conditions specified in Item 4.1.2 (1)
2) Test temperature: 40 °C ± 2 °C
(5) Test procedure

1) Drop 0.2 mℓ of rust preventive wax of 0.2 ml at the center of the test piece with a dropping pipetpipette. Put
the test piece horizontally in the constant temperature chamber adjusted to the specified temperature. Leave
the test piece for the specified time.
2) Leave the test piece. Take out the test piece from the constant temperature chamber. Leave the test piece
until it is cooled to the room temperature.
3) Using kerosene, wipeWipe rust preventive wax off the test piece using kerosene. Check the test piece
surface for paint film color change, matting, softening, stains, swelling, etc.
(6) Report Record the presence or absence of any color changes, matting, softening, staining and swelling.
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6.3.8 Heat cycle resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To check paint surface condition after exposure to recurring cycles of high humidity, high
temperatures, and low temperatures.
(2) Required equipment

1) Constant temperature and humidity controlled chamber
2) Low temperature controlled chamber
3) Constant temperature controlled chamber
4) Knife (As specified in JIS K 5600)
(4) Test conditions

1) Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2).
2) Refer to Table 21 for the heat cycle conditions. Refer to Table 22 and 23 for the applicable vehicle areas.
Table 22 Heat cycle conditions
Test
Specified
Test method sym Heat cycle test conditions
-bol temperature
Group 1A 90 °C or 80 °C (32)/4 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours → -40 °C

90 °C (32)
I or (-30 °C) (33)/1.5 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours. Perform the
Group 1B 80 °C
test for 2, 4, and 10 cycles.
A single cycle is 80 °C or 70 °C (34)/4 hours → Room temperature/0.5
Method Group 4A 80 °C (34)
II hours → -40 °C or (-30 °C) (33)/1.5 hours → Room temperature/0.5
1 Group 4B 70 °C
hours. Perform the test for 2, 4, and 10 cycles.
Group 5A
Group 5B A single cycle is 90 °C or 80 °C (32)/4 hours → Room temperature/0.5

hours → -40 °C or (-30 °C) (33)/1.5 hours → Room temperature/0.5 90 °C (32)
Group 1A hours → 70 °C 80 °C
III
Method Group 1B and 95% RH/3 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours → -40 °C or
2 (-30 °C) (33)/1.5 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours. Perform the
Group 2A test for 2, 4, and 10 cycles. 80 °C (34)
Group 2B 70 °C
(33)
Method Group 6A A single cycle is 80 °C or 70 °C (34)/4 hours → Room temperature/0.5 80 °C (34)
-40 °C
1 Group 6B hours → -40 °C or (-30 °C) (33)/1.5 hours → Room temperature/0.5 70 °C
(-30 °C)
Group 3A IV hours → 70 °C
and 95% RH/3 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours → -40 °C or 70 °C (37)
Group 3B (-30 °C) ( 33)/1.5 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours. Perform the 60 °C
test for 2, 4, and 10 cycles.
Method Group 5 A single cycle is 130 °C or 90 °C (35)/4 hours → Room temperature/0.5
2 hours → -40 °C or (-30 °C) (33)/1.5 hours → Room temperature/0.5
hours → 70 °C 130 °C (35)
V
Group 6 and 95% RH/3 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours → -40 °C or 90 °C
(-30 °C) (33)/1.5 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours. Perform the
test for 2 cycles.
Group 1 A single cycle is 125 °C, 115 °C, or 90 °C (36)/4 hours → Room
temperature/0.5 hours → -40 °C or (-30 °C) (33)/1.5 hours → Room
Group 2 temperature/0.5 hours → 70 °C 125 °C (36)
Method
VI 115 °C
3 and 95% RH/3 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours → -40 °C or 90 °C
Group 3 (-30 °C) (33)/1.5 hours → Room temperature/0.5 hours. Perform the
test for 2 cycles.
Note (32) 90 °C for Group A and 80 °C for Group B.
(33) -30 °C for vehicles going to areas other than extremely cold conditions (Europe and North America) in principle.
(34) 80 °C for Group A and 70 °C for Group B. However, bumpers should be tested at 90 °C for Group 3A and 80 °C for Group 3B.
(35) 130 °C for Group 5 and 90 °C for Group 6.
(36) 125 °C for Group 1, 115 °C for Group 2, and 90 °C for Group 3.
(37) 70 °C for Group A and 60 °C for Group B. However, bumpers should be tested at 80 °C for Group A and 70 °C for Group B.
Constant temperature chamber specified temperature should be reached within 30 minutes of starting. This applies to both 1-chamber
and 3-chamber type equipment. Refer to Figure 59 for the heat cycle condition patterns.
Example: Temperature setting program
Pattern sample (Test symbol III)
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Table 23 — Applicable vehicle areas
Previous
Vehicle
Applicable parts (39) classifica-
destination
Test method Application
tion
(38) 2-cycles 4-cycles 10-cycles
Group Interior parts installed Roof trim, sunvisor,

S
1A above the door waist in pillar trim (upper), Instrument panel
areas exposed to strong column cover, seat, assembly, inside
- Method 1
direct sunlight (heat rear parcel trim, door mirror, and steering
Group conduction, radiation, trim (waist portion), wheel
D
1B convection) and head- lining
Group
S
4A Interior parts installed Door trim (lower),
Method 2,
below the doorwaist in kicking plate, dash Seat device and seat
- Group A
areas not exposed to side trim, pillar trim belt retractor
and B
Group strong sunlight (lower), and trunk trim
D
4B
Method
1
Group
Interior parts composed S Molded ceiling, rear
5A
of paper and fiber easily parcel trim (made of Method 3,
Instruments (wood
affected by moisture and - pressed board), and Group 1A
particle plugged)
installed in areas carpet (hatchback and 1B
Group
exposed to sunlight D vehicle etc.)
5B
Group
Interior parts composed S
6A
of paper and fiber easily Method 3,
Floor carpet, floor mat,
affected by moisture and - - Group 2A
and trunk mat
installed in areas not and 2B
Group
exposed to sunlight D
6B
Group
S
1A
Exterior parts installed Front window molding,
to horizontal vehicle rear window molding, - -
body areas and drip molding
Group
D
1B
Group
S
2A Exterior parts installed
Door waist molding, Method 3,
to vertical vehicle body
rear pillar molding, - - Group 2A
areas above the door
and lock pillar molding and 2B
Group waist
D
2B
Method
2
Group Bumpers (other than
S
3A Exterior parts installed polyurethane types),
to vertical vehicle body side guard molding, Bumper (polyurethane
-
areas below the door rear panel finisher, type)
Group waist radiator grille, and
D
3B wheel caps
Group Method 5,
Hood louver - -
5 Group 1
Exterior parts installed
to positions subject to All areas
Cowl top grille, hood
engine room heat
Group secondary latch Method 5,
- -
6 coating, and head Group 2
lamp finisher
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Vehicle Applicable parts (39) Previous

Destina-
Test method Application classifica-
tion
2-cycles 4-cycles 10-cycles tion
(38)
Radiator shroud,
Group Method 4,
reservoir tank, and - -
1 Group 1
radiator hose strap
Air inlet duct, motor
fan, alternator, ASCD,
Method Group Parts installed to the Method 4,
All areas distributor cap, engine - -
3 2 engine compartment Group 2
fan, and fuel pump
spacer
Group Battery, fuel strainer, Method 4,

- -
3 washer tank canister Group 4
Note (38) S = tropical areas in North America, Australia, Near and the Middle East, Africa, and Southeast Asia
D = Japan and general export
(39) Applicable parts may vary with vehicle type.
Figure 65
Room temterature
High temperature conditions Room Low Room High temperature Low Middle
for 4 hours temperature temperature temperature and hight temperature temterature
conditions conditions conditions humidity conditions conditions
for 0.5 hours for 1.5 hours for 0.5 hours conditions for 1.5 hours for 0.5
for 3 hours hours
(5) Test procedure

<1> Place the test plate in the equipment adjusted to the specified heat cycle conditions at 75°, and keep it for
each specified time.
<2> Run the test plate through various conditions for the specified number of cycles. Remove the test plate
from the equipment. Perform the following tests.
<a> Check for surface defects such as cracking and loss of luster.
<b> Perform the checkboard test specified in Item 6,2,4 (2) (at 2 mm intervals.)
(6) Report
<1> Report whether or not surface defects were discovered.
<2> Record the checkboard test results and the paint surface hardness test results according to Item 6.2.4 (2),
6).
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6.3.9 Thermal resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine paint surface heat resistance under the high-temperature conditions found at the
vehicle's destination.
(2) Equipment and chemical
2) Color difference meter
3) Polishing agent Nissan genuine wax (Nissan Genuine Surluster Impact Master Finish) or equivalent
(4) Test conditions
1) Test temperatures: As specified in Item 6.2.5 (Thermal non-adhesive characteristics) Table 12
3) Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2).
(5) Test procedure
1) Place the test piece in the constant temperature chamber at the specified temperature for the specified time.
2) Remove the test piece from the chamber. Polish half the test plate surface. Check both the polished half and
the unpolished half of the test piece paint surface condition according to Item 6.1.1. Follow Item 6.1.2 to
check the brilliance of both surfaces. Follow Item 6.1.5 to check the color difference between the 2 surfaces.
(6) Report Record the following for both the polished and unpolished test plate surfaces.
1) Report the paint surface condition as specified in Item 6.1.1 (5).
2) Report the color differences as specified in Item 6.1.5 (6), 1) and 2).
3) Report the degree of brilliance as specified in Item 6.1.2 (6).
6.3.10 Hot water resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the degree of blistering and general deterioration when the paint surface is
exposed to hot water.
(2) Required equipment Constant temperature controlled bath
(4) Test conditions
1) Test temperature: 40 ± 1 °C
3) Water quality: Ion exchange water (5 μs/cm3 at 25 °C max.)
(5) Test procedure

1) Immerse 1/2 of the test plate vertically in the constant temperature controlled bath (set to the specified
temperature) and keep it in the bath for the specified time.
2) Remove the test piece from the bath. Examine the test piece for blistering, discoloration, and surface gloss.
Note the degree of each of these conditions.
3) Allow the test piece to set at room temperature for 24 hours. Again examine the paint surface for defects.
Perform the adhesion test described in Item 6.2.4 (2).
(6) Report
1) Report paint surface defects discovered immediately after test piece removal from the constant temperature
controlled bath and after the test piece has been allowed to set for 24 hours. Record the degree of blistering
based on the criteria shown in Item 6.3.1 Table 19.
2) Report the adhesion test results according to Item 6.2.4 (2), 6).
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6.3.11 Antifreeze solution resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine paint surface resistance to antifreeze.
(2) Required equipment and material

2) Antifreeze (As specified in NES M 5059 (Engine Antifreeze). The antifreeze must be undiluted.
(4) Test conditions

2) Test temperature and time: 20 ± 2 °C for 4 hours
(5) Test procedure

1) Place the test piece on a flat surface. Drip 0.3 to 0.5 mλ of antifreeze onto the test piece. Place the test piece in the
constant temperature controlled chamber at the specified temperature for the specified time.
2) Remove the test piece from the chamber. Use a clean cloth to wipe the antifreeze from the test plate. If required,
use benzene to thoroughly clean the test piece. Examine the presence and degree of abnormalities in test plate for
luster fading, discoloration, staining, softening, peeling, and swelling, etc.
(6) Report Record whether the defects described above are present or not. If present, record the degree of the
defects.
6.3.12 Wax resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine if smudging or blotting occurs when the paint surface is rubbed with wax.
(2) Material Nissan genuine wax (Nissan Genuine Surluster Impact Master Finish) or equivalent
in Item 4.3.3. to prepare the test piece.
(5) Test procedure

1) Impregnate a clean cloth with the wax. Polish the test plate surface with the waxed cloth. Use another clean cloth
to remove any wax from the test plate. Allow the test piece to sit at room temperature for 24 hours.
2) Examine the presence and degree of abnormalities in test plate surface for loss of luster, discoloration, staining,
and swelling.
(6) Report Record whether the defects described above are present or not. If present, record the degree of the
defects.
6.3.13 Washer fluid resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the paint surface resistance to windshield washer fluid.
(2) Required equipment and materials

1) Syringe
2) Washer fluid: As specified in NES M 5069 (Windshield Washer Solvent for Automobiles). The washer fluid must be
undiluted.
3) Double-sided flannel (1000 ultra-spec. flannel cloth manufactured by KOWA Company. Ltd or equivalent)
(4) Test conditions

1) Test temperature and humidity: 20 ± 5 °C and 65 ± 20% RH
(5) Test procedure

1) Place the test piece on a flat surface. Drip 0.3 to 0.5 mλ of windshield washer fluid onto the test piece. Place the
test piece in the constant temperature chamber at the specified temperature for the specified time.
2) Remove the test piece from the chamber. Wash the test piece with clean water using double-sided flannel, and
then wipe using other double-sided flannel. Examine the presence and degree of abnormalities in test plate for
loss of luster, discoloration, staining, softening, swelling, and peeling.
(6) Report Record whether the defects described above are present or not. If present, record the degree of the defects.
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6.3.14 Detergent resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine the effect of detergents upon the paint surface.
(2) Test methods
1) Wiping method (For interior parts)
2) Spot drip method (The syringe method for exterior parts)
(3) Wiping method
1) Equipment and materials
<1> Gauze
<2> Detergent Neutral or alkali detergent having an approximate 5% concentration shall be used. Which
one is determined by agreement between concerned parties.
3) Test conditions
<1> Test temperature and humidity: 20 ± 5 °C and 65 ± 20% RH
4) Test procedure
<1> Soak a piece of the gauze with the detergent. Press against the gauze and rub the test piece with a
circular motion 2 or 3 times or until the test piece is wet with the detergent.
<2> Allow the test piece to set at the specified temperature and humidity for the specified time.
<3> After the specified time, wipe the test piece free of the detergent with a clean piece of gauze. Examine
the test piece for loss of luster, discoloration, staining, swelling, and softening.
5) Report Record any paint surface defects and their severity.
(4) Point drip method

<1> Syringe
<2> Detergent Neutral or alkali detergent shall be used. Which one is determined by the agreement
between the concerned parties. Use base fluid.
2) Test piece preparation Identical to that of the (3) wiping method.
3) Test conditions Identical to that of the (3) wiping method.
4) Test procedure
<1> Place the test piece on a flat surface. Use the syringe to drip 0.3 to 0.5 mλ of detergent onto the test
piece. Allow the test piece to set at the specified temperature for the specified time.
<2> After the specified time has elapsed, wipe the test piece free of the detergent with a clean piece of
gauze. Examine the presence and degree of abnormalities in test piece for loss of luster, discoloration,
staining, swelling, and softening.
5) Report Record any paint surface defects and their severity.
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6.3.15 Artificial perspiration resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine the degree of paint surface soiling caused by perspiration.
(2) Type of test method

1) Wiping method
2) Drip method
(3) Wiping method

<1> Gauze
<2> Chemicals 10% oleic acid solution (with petroleum benzene as the solvent)
10% lactic acid solution (with pure water as the solvent)
As specified in Item 6.2.8 (Abrasion resistance characteristics) (4), 2) <3> .
<3> Cellophane adhesive tape as specified in JIS Z 1522 (cellophane adhesive tape)
2) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as described
in Item 4.3.3, allow the test piece to stand for 10 days to prepare the test piece.
3) Test conditions
<1> Temperature/humidity: 80 ± 2 °C
<2> Time: 24 hours
4) Test procedure
<1> Immerse gauze into the chemical agent. Repeat 2 or 3 times by lightly pressing until specimen surface become
wet.
<2> Let stand for specified time, in specified temperature/humidity conditions.
<3> After letting stand, wipe the chemical agent with a clean piece of gauze.
<4> Adhere cellophane tape to the specimen surface (where chemical is dropped), and peel the tape from the test
piece in one smooth motion in an upward direction.
<5> Check the test piece surface for paint film color change, stains, blistering, softness and/or unusual peeling.
<6> Perform the scratch strength test described in Item 6.2.9 (3) using a weight of 2,000 g. Check the degree of
paint film surface damage.
5) Report
Also check the degrees.
<2> In the area where the scratch strength test is performed as described in Item 6.2.9 (3), record the degree of
paint film surface damage in the area where the scratch strength test is performed as described in Item 6.2.9
(3).
(4) Dripping method

1) Fixtures and material
<1> Gauze
<2> Chemicals 10% oleic acid solution (with petroleum benzene as the solvent)
10% lactic acid solution (with pure water as the solvent)
Or, 4.75% of oleic acid solution and 4.5% of lactic acid solution
As specified in Item 6.2.8 (Abrasion resistance characteristics) (4) 2) <3> .
<3> Cellophane adhesive tape as specified in JIS Z 1522 (cellophane adhesive tape)
2) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2 Paint the test material as described
in Item 4.3.3, allow the test piece to stand for 10 days to prepare the test piece.
3) Test conditions
<1> Test temperature: 80 ± 2 °C
4) Test procedure
<1> At room temperature, use a dropping pipet to drip approximately 0.2 mλ of the appropriate chemical agent on
to the test piece surfaces.
<2> Set a constant temperature chamber to the specified temperature. Place the test pieces horizontally in the
chamber. Allow the test pieces to stand in the chamber for the specified time period.
<3> Remove the test pieces from the chamber. Allow the test pieces to cool to room temperature.
<4> Use a clean piece of gauze to completely wipe the chemical agent from the surface of the test pieces.
<5> Apply a piece of cellophane tape to the area of the test piece surface to which the chemical agent was applied.
Peel the tape from the test piece surface in one smooth motion.
<6> Check the test piece surface for color change, stains, blistering, softness and/or unusual peeling.
<7> Using a weight of 2,000 g, perform the scratch strength test described in Item 6.2.9 (3) using a weight of 2,000
g. Check the degree of paint film surface damage.
5) Report
Also check the degrees.
<2> In the area where the scratch strength test is performed as described in Item 6.2.9 (3), record the degree of
paint film surface damage in the area where the scratch strength test is performed as described in Item 6.2.9
(3).
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6.3.16 Iron filings exposure-caused damage resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine paint surface resistance to damage (roughness) caused by iron filing adherence.
(2) Equipment and chemical reagents
Equipment: Constant temperature and humidity chamber (Temperature fluctuation within ±2 °C)
Chemical reagents: Iron filings Purity ························ 98% or more
Nomenclature ············· Iron filings
Applicable Standard JIS H 2601 suitable for 150 to 200 mesh sifter or
equivalent
(4) Test conditions
1) Test temperature and humidity: 50 ± 1 °C, more than 95% RH
(5) Test procedure
1) Shake the iron filings through a 200 mesh sifter. Discard the filings that pass through the sifter. Place a 150
mesh sifter over the 70 × 150 mm test piece. Shake the filings that did not pass through the 200 mesh sifter
(more than 75 microns) through the 150 mesh sifter and on to the upper test piece surface. 17 ± 0.5 mg (75
to 105 microns) of the iron filings should be evenly sprinkled on the test piece.
Figure 66
Iron filling
75 · 105 micron
Iron filling 75 micron max
2) Cover the test piece (with the iron filings 17 ± 0.5 mg dispersed on its surface) with a sheet of aluminum foil
to prevent the filings from scattering.
Figure 67
Aluminum foil
T/P size
Height:
3 to 5 cm
3) Place the test piece horizontally in the constant temperature and humidity chamber. Leave the test piece in
the chamber at the specified temperature for the specified time.
4) Remove the test piece from the chamber. Wash the test piece with tap water and a flannel cloth to remove
the iron filings.
5) Examine the test piece surface.
(6) Report Note the degree of iron filing adhesion using the criteria shown in Figure 66.
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Figure 68.1 — Iron filing adhesion criteria samples (for BMPR)
Class 1 (0.12%)
Class 0 (0.00%)
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Figure 68.2 — Iron filing adhesion criteria samples (for BMPR)
Class 4 (1.15%)
Class 3 (0.61%)
Class 2 (0.36%)
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6.3.17 PVC adhesive resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine the degree of paint surface adhesion after sustained contact (contact long enough to
cause plastic agent movement) with general use vinyl chloride sheeting.
(2) Equipment
2) Vinyl chloride sheeting: 0.35 mm thick and 60 × 65 mm in area. The sheeting has a composition of 100 parts
polyvinyl chloride and 70 parts plastic agent. It is available from the Yamato Kagaku Kogyo Co. where it is sold as
Adventurine Lacquer 70 Milky White. Any equivalent sheeting may be used.
3) Aluminum plate: t1 × 61 × 61 mm (Approximately 10 g)
4) Weight: 490 g
5) Pure water: As specified in Item 6.3.10 (4), 3.
6) Constant temperature and humidity chamber: As specified in Item 6.3.1 (4).1.
(4) Test conditions

1) Method A 2) Method B
<1> Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2). <1> Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2).
<2> Heating temperature: 110 ± 2 °C <2> Heating temperature: 60 °C Humidity: 95% RH
<3> Heating time: 4 hours <3> Heating time: 24 hours
(5) Test procedure

1) Method A
<1> Place the test piece in the constant temperature chamber adjusted to the specified heat. Apply heat to the test
piece.
<2> After 1 hour, lay the vinyl chloride sheeting on the test piece. Place the aluminum plate on the sheeting. Place
the weight on top of the aluminum plate. Refer to Figure 67.
<3> After the specified heating time has elapsed, remove the test piece, the aluminum plate, and the weight from
the constant temperature chamber. Lift the aluminum plate and the weight from the test piece. Do not remove
the vinyl chloride sheeting. Allow the test plate to cool at room temperature for 2 hours or more.
<4> After cooling, peel the vinyl chloride sheet from the test piece. Note the adhesion between the paint surface
and the substrate. Note the adhesion between the paint layers.
Figure 69
Weight
Alminum sheeting
Vinyl chloride sheeting
Substrate
Test piece
2) Method B
<1> Drip 0.2 mλ of pure water onto the test plate surface. Place the vinyl chloride sheeting on the wet test plate
surface. Refer to Figure 68.
<2> Set the constant temperature and humidity chamber to the specified conditions. Place the test piece and
sheeting in the chamber for the specified time.
<3> Remove the test piece and sheeting from the chamber. Allow them to cool at room temperature for 24 hours.
<4> Peel the sheeting away from the test piece. Note the paint surface condition.
<5> Determine the color differences as specified in Item 6.1.5 of this Standard.
Figure 70
Vinyl chloride sheeting
Test piece
Pure water
(6) Report Record any peeling and its location. Report the general condition of the paint surface.
For B method, record the color difference as specified in Item 6.1.5 (6) 1) and 2) of this Standard.
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6.3.18 Bird dropping resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine the effect of bird droppings sticking to the paint surface.
(2) Test type Method A Albumin method

Method B Gum arabic method
(3) Method A Albumin method

1) Equipment and chemicals
<1> Equipment: Constant temperature and humidity chamber
<2> Chemicals: 3 w/v% albumen solution in water
Albumen derived from eggs must have a 12 to 14% overall nitrogen content.
2) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as described in
Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
3) Test conditions
<1> Specified test temperature: 50 °C
<2> Specified test humidity: 30% RH
<3> Specified test time: 1.0 hour
<4> Specified drip volume: 0.2 mλ
4) Test procedure
<1> Stir the albumen completely into the water to create a 3 w/v% solution.
<2> At room temperature, drip exactly the specified volume of albumen onto the test plate.
<3> Set the constant temperature and humidity chamber to the specified conditions. Place the test piece horizontally in
the chamber. Leave the test piece in the chamber for the specified time.
<4> Remove the test piece from the chamber. Use tap water to wash the albumen from the test piece.
<5> Use a soft dry cloth to thoroughly dry the test piece. Allow the test piece to sit at room temperature for 24 hours.
<6> Examine the test piece paint surface.
5) Report
Evaluate the test piece surface conditions according to the criteria listed below.
Table 24
Class Condition
Class 0 No change
Class 1 Swelling
Class 2 Shrinkage
Class 3 Cracking
Nissan method (Dirt conditions are shown in the inside of O marks.)
Class 0 Class 1
Class 2 Class 3
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(4) Method B Gum arabic method
1) Equipment and chemicals
<1> Equipment: Xenon weather meter
Constant temperature chamber
<2> Chemicals: 50% aqueous solution of gum arabic
However, use the gum arabic whose drying loss is 15 % or less and whose ignition residue
is 5 % or less.
2) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test material as
described in Item 4.3.3.
3) Test conditions
<1> Xenon weather meter Conform to Item 6.4.1 (B) (7).
However, the time shall be specified to be 700 hours.
<2> Constant temperature chambe Specified test temperature: 60 °C ± 1 °C
Specified test time: 72 hours
<3> Specified amount of dropped aqueous solution of gum arabic: 0.2 mℓ
4) Test procedure
<1> Put the test piece in the Xenon weather meter for the specified time.
<2> Within 20 minutes after the specified time has passed, drop the specified amount of 50 % aqueous
solution of gum arabic prepared 48 hours ago.
<3> Put the test piece horizontally in the constant temperature chamber adjusted to the specified
temperature. Leave the test piece for the specified time.
<4> Leave the test piece. Take out the test piece. Wash chemicals off the test piece with tap water.
<5> Wipe water off the test piece with soft dry cloth and perform the tape peel-off test in test areas.
<6> Peel off the tape. Check the state of test piece surface and the peel-off state.
5) Report Report the state of paint film surface with class.
Class 0: No change
Class 1: Wrinkle and/or crack (no separation)
Class 2: Small separation
Class 3: Separation
Class 4: Large separation
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6.3.19 Conductive paint surface electrical resistance
(1) Objective To measure the electrical resistance of conductive paint surfaces. This will result in electrostatic
paint surface work improvement.
(2) Equipment
1) Insulation resistance meter (As specified in JIS C 1302 and 1303). An equivalent meter may be used.
2) Electrode (As specified in JIS C 2103). An equivalent electrode may be used. Refer to Figure 71 for
electrode configuration.
Figure 71
Main electrode
Guard electrode
described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece. If an upper coat is applied over a
wet coat, the upper coat shall be used for the test.
(4) Test procedure
1) Place the electrode on the test plate. Refer to Figure 72.
2) Set the insulation meter measuring voltage to the specified value.
Figure 72
Guard electrode Main electrode
Painted surface
Test piece
3) Turn the meter switch ON. Read the meter indication. This is the paint surface electrical resistance value.
(5) Report Record the paint surface resistance value in MΩ,
the measuring voltage,
and whether or not a current control procedure was used.
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6.3.20 Jelly percentage
(1) Objective To measure the crosslinking density of the paint film after taking molecules out by using solvent,
which do not react to three-dimensional crosslinking.
(2) Equipment
1) 1- to 2-liter flask with large mouth
2) Cooling tube with the shape of a linkage of four balls inside
3) Water bath or mantle heater
4) Solvent (acetone, acetone/methanol = 1:1, MIBK/ethylselusolve = 1:1)
5) Dryer
(3) Test procedure

1) Prepare approximately 1 to 2 g of free paint film and measure its weight accurately by using a chemical
balance.
2) Put the paint film in a flask with approximately 0.5 λ of the solvent and circulate the solvent by using a water
bath or mantle heater for 5 hours.
3) Dry the paint film at a temperature of 105 °C for 30 minutes after taking it out of the flask.
4) Measure the dried paint film by using a chemical balance.
(4) Report
Jelly percentage should be calculated as follows.
Jelly percentage (%) = the weight of thedriedpa int film × 100
theweightof thefreepa int film
Record the jelly percentage, the name of the solvent and its temperature when the paint film is removed.
Figure 73
Cooling tube with the shape of

a linkage of four balls inside
Flask
Aceton
Free paint film
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6.3.21 Acid rain resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine if there is any damage to paint film caused by acid rain which has fallen in the area
recently.
(2) Equipment, apparatus and fixtures
1) Acid rain resistance evaluation testing machine (Refer to Figure 71-1) or gradient oven
2) Double-sided flannel (1000 ultra-spec. flannel cloth manufactured by KOWA Company. Ltd or equivalent)
3) Ethanol solution (water : ethanol = 1 : 1)
4) Artificial acid rain solution (Refer the procedure to (5).)
5) Surface roughness measuring device (JIS B 0651)
6) Micro pipet
7) pH meter
(3) Test procedure

1) After soaking the cloth in ethanol solution, stick the cloth close to the T/P surface to prevent bubbles
occurring.
2) Press T/P surface equally through the flannel cloth under the weight of 600 g and keep the surface flat for 45
minutes.
3) Take out the flannel cloth and clean it with distilled water after washing.(40)
4) Put T/P on the test table of acid rain resistance evaluation tester and adjust the tester in order to get the
surface temperature of T/P at 70 °C by using test piece of below 5 lightness. (41)
5) Drop artificial acid rain solution of 0.2 mλ measured with micro pipet on T/P and get the drop as flat as
possible by using the tip of the micro pipet. *Put 15 drops.
6) Keep the condition described above for 30 minutes after the artificial acid rain solution has evaporated and
take out T/P and leave it until the temperature of T/P lowers to ordinary temperature.
7) Blow water bubbles off the surface of T/P after washing the surface with tap water and rub it with a piece of
flannel cloth with compound.(42)
8) Measure the depth of etching in 15 point respectively visually caused by artificial acid rain solution by using
the surface roughness measuring device. For depth, measure the vertical interval of deep part nearer then
edge.
* Measure by taking n = 2 for 1 point considering variation (refer to Figure 74-2).
Note (40) In order to prevent water droplet from being left on the surface of T/P, it is recommended to take out T/P slowly after dip
cleaning.
(41) Drip water drop in the area within ±1.5 °C to the standard temperature.
(42) Use GX-II (manufactured by SANKYORIKAGAKU CO.) or equivalent for compound, and polish the test plate with 147 kPa
{1.5 kgf/cm2} of load by 40 reciprocal strokes.
(4) Report Record the maximum value and average value of the depth etched by artificial acid rain solution.
Note Take a mean value of the numerical values measured by n=2, determine the largest value among 15
points as the maximum value. Also, the mean value shall be an average of 15 points.
Figure 74-1 — Acid rain resistance evaluation tester
[Sketch]
Infrared lamp
temoerature
controller
humidity
Test
Inner
chamber
temperature
Test piece
controller
Test piece
surface
Testing stand Heat insulator
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Figure 74-2 — Acid rain resistance test depth measurement method
Measure the depth of 2 points for 1 deep
section with the surface roughness
measuring device. (Value A, Value B)
Visibly deep sections Etching section

Value B
Value A
Surface roughness
measuring device
paths
Value B
Value A
Faulty example
(5) Procedure for artificial acid rain solution arrangement

1) To measure the weight and the capacity of each reagent. Pour distilled water to each reagent of fixed weight
until each solution increase to 500 mℓ. Five hundred mℓ solution is regarded as standard solution. Mix all the
standard solutions of fix capacity and pour distilled water into the solution until the mixture increases to 850
mℓ.
Reagents (above the first class) Fixed weight Fixed capacity
NaNO3 0.4625 g 20 mℓ
KNO3 0.6500 g 5 mℓ
CaCl2 0.5000 g 10 mℓ
MgSO4 • 7H2O 0.6375 g 20 mℓ
(NH4)2 • SO4 0.5500 g 50 mℓ
NaF 0.4500 g 5 mℓ
CaSO4 • 2H2O 0.5000 g 50 mℓ
2) Use the mixture of 200 mℓ distilled water and each reagents shown as follows and use it as pure acid
solution. (Be careful of using reagents due to their strong acid characteristics.)
Reagent Fixed weight
HNO3 Stock solution of 61 wt% 24.8 g
HCl Stock solution of 36 wt% 12.7 g
H2SO Stock solution of 97 wt% 62.5 g
3) Pour pure acid solution into salt-mixed solution until pH meter shows pH 2.3.
Remarks All the capacity is to increase to approximately 900 mℓ.
4) Pour distilled water into the solution measured at pH 2.3 until the capacity increases 1,000 mℓ. Use it as
artificial acid rain solution.
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6.3.22 Paint film yellowing resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine the degree of yellowing for 3-coat pearl color paints and solid white paints.
(2) Equipment and chemical agents

1) Constant temperature chamber with forced exhaust function.
2) Xenon acceleration tester as specified in Item 6.4.1 (B) (7) of this Standard.
3) Color difference meter as specified in Item 6.1.5 (5) 2) of this Standard.
(3) Test piece preparation Use the test plate A (70 × 150 mm) described in Item 4.2 of this Standard. Paint the
plate as specified in Item 4.3.3 of this Standard to create the test piece. If the test
piece is used for Method A, the test piece side and rear surfaces must be covered
with N-type masking sheet.
(4) Test conditions

1) Method A: Heat resistance test
As specified in Item 6.3.9 of this Standard. Note the test conditions listed below.
<1> Temperature: 80 ± 2 °C
<2> Lengthes of testing time: 120 hours, 240 hours, 360 hours, 500 hours, 1,000 hours and 1,500 hours
2) Method B: Weathering resistance test
As specified in Item 6.4.1 (B) (7) 3) of this Standard. Note the testing times listed below.
<1> Lengthes of testing time: 24 hours, 72 hours, 720 hours and 1,440 hours.
(5) Test procedure

1) Method A: Heat resistance test
<1> Using the test piece primary stage color values specified in Item 6.1.5 2) of this Standard, take color
measurements.
<2> Set a constant temperature chamber to the specified temperature. Place the test pieces in the chamber.
Allow the test pieces to stand in the chamber for the specified time period.
<3> Remove the test pieces from the chamber. Determine the color differences as specified in Item 6.1.5 of
this Standard.
2) Method B: Weathering resistance test
<1> Using the test piece primary stage color values specified in Item 6.1.5 2) of this Standard, take color
measurements.
<2> Follow the test method using the constant temperature chamber as specified in Item 6.4.1 (B) (7) of this
Standard. Perform the test for the specified time.
<3> Remove the test pieces from the chamber. Determine the color differences as specified in Item 6.1.5 of
this Standard.
(6) Report Record the b* and ∆b* values as specified in Item 6.1.5 (B) (7) of this Standard.
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6.3.23 Insect resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine the effect of dead insects splattered against the paint film surface on the paint film.

1) Equipment: Constant temperature chamber that can be kept at 70 °C ± 1 °C
2) Chemicals: White beeswax having a melting point of 60 to 66 °C and an acid value of 17 to 24 (Beeswax
manufactured by the Wako Chemical Co. or equivalent)
(3) Test piece preparation Use the test plate A (70 × 150 mm) described in Item 4.2 of this Standard. Paint the plate
as specified in Item 4.3.3 of this Standard to create the test piece.
(4) Test conditions

1) Specified temperature: 70 °C ± 1 °C
2) Specified testing time: 30 minutes
3) Specified drip volume: 0.05 g
(5) Test procedure

1) At room temperature, drip the specified volume of beeswax precisely onto the test piece.
2) Set a constant temperature chamber to the specified temperature. Place the test pieces horizontally in the
3) Wipe the beeswax from the test piece with a soft cloth and remove the test pieces from the chamber.
4) Allow the test pieces to stand at room temperature for 24 hours. Inspect the test piece surfaces.
(6) Report Classify the paint film surface condition using the criteria below.
Table 25
Class Deterioration condition
Class 0 None
Class 0.5 Slightly discernible depending on view angle.
Class 1 Swelling
Class 2 Swelling, decreased luster and color change
Figure 72 — Insect resistance criteria sample

Figure 73 — Pollen resistance judgment criteria sample
Figure 74 — Sap resistance criteria sample
Class 0 Class 0.5
Class 1 Class 2 (significant swelling) (Deterioration of gloss)
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6.3.24 Pollen resistance characteristics
(1) Objective To determine the effect of airborne pollens on the paint film surface.

2) Chemicals: Oleic acid (1st class test chemical)
plate as specified in Item 4.3.3 of this Standard to create the test piece.
(4) Test conditions

2) Specified testing time: 1 hour
(5) Test procedure

1) At room temperature, drip the specified volume of oleic acid precisely on to the test piece.
3) Remove the test pieces from the chamber. Wash the oleic acid from the test pieces with ethanol.
4) Use an air blower to remove any water drops from the test pieces. If necessary, wipe each test piece with
flannel waste. Allow the test pieces to stand at room temperature for 24 hours.
5) Inspect the test piece surfaces.
Table 26
Class 0 None
Class 1 Swelling
Class 2 Swelling, decreased luster and color change
6.3.25 Sap resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To determine the effect of sap on the paint film surface.
(2) Required equipment and chemical agents

2) Chemicals: Cedar oil (1st class test chemical)
plate as specified in Item 4.3.3 of this Standard to create the test piece.
(4) Test conditions

2) Specified testing time: 1 hour
(5) Test procedure

1) At room temperature, drip the specified volume of oleic acid precisely on to the test piece.
3) Remove the test pieces from the chamber. Wash the cedar oil from the test pieces with ethanol.
4) If necessary, wipe each test piece with flannel waste. Allow the test pieces to stand at room temperature for
24 hours.
5) Inspect the test piece surfaces.
Table 27
Class 0 None
Class 1 Swelling
Class 2 Swelling, decreased luster, and color change
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6.3.26 Paint film moisture permeability
(1) Objective To determine the moisture permeability of dried paint film.

1) Moisture permeability cup as specified in JIS K 5600. Refer to Figure 72.
2) Paraffin
3) Desiccator
4) Mantel heater
5) Glass Petri dish
6) Precision balance
7) Electromagnetic paint film thickness tester
(3) Test piece preparation Prepare the painted test pieces as specified in Item 5.4.2 of this Standard.
(4) Test conditions Standard test conditions as specified in Item 4.1.2 (1) of this Standard.
(5) Test procedure

1) Use a cutter and a pair of tweezers to carefully cut and peel away a φ70 mm size of paint film.
2) Use a paint thickness gauge to measure the thickness of the coat removed by film thickness meter).
3) Put a dish (glass Petri dish) (<2>) in the moisture permeability cup, and pour 20 cc of ion exchange water in it.
4) Place the moisture permeability cup and the Petri dish on the pedestal <5>. Place the paint film (removed in Step
1) on top of the cup and Petri dish. Refer to Figure 76.
5) Install the guide <4> as shown in Figure 70. Place the ring <1> at the top of the guide. Place the weight <6> on top
of the ring.
6) Prepare the mantel heater. Carefully remove the guide. Heat the test assembly with the mantel heater until the
melted paraffin flows smoothly into the groove in the moisture permeability cup. (Refer to Figure 77.)
7) Set the test assembly aside to cool. Wait until the paraffin hardens. Remove the weight and the cup holder. The
remaining material is used as the test piece.
8) Place the test piece in a desiccator stuffed with silica gel. Place the desiccator and test piece in a constant
temperature chamber.
9) Allow the desiccator and test piece to stand in the chamber for 24 hours. Remove the desiccator and test piece
from the chamber. Weigh the test piece. This value is the test piece initial weight.
10) Continue to weigh the test piece at 24 hour intervals.
Figure 75 — Moisture permeability cup and attachments

Unit: mm
Table 28
Number Part name Remark
<1> Ring Steam-treated anodized aluminum, etc.
<2> Petri dish Light-weight glass object, etc.
<3> Cup Steam-treated anodized aluminum, etc.
<4> Guide Brass casting, etc.
<5> Cup holder Brass casting, etc.
<6> Weight Brass casting, etc. (Approx. weight: 500 g)
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Figure 76 Figure 77
Paraffin
Weight
Holder jig
Ring
Base Film
Glass plate
Cup
(6) Report Use the formula below to calculate the moisture permeability.
M
Moisture permeability = ( g / m 3 ⋅ h)
T × S× d
where M: Decrease in mass between the final measurement and previous measurement (g).
T: Time interval between final measurement and previous measurement (h).
S: Water evaporation permeability area (m2).
d: Paint film thickness (m).
Record the measuring time.
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6.3.27 Double-sided tape adhesion test

(1) Test procedure general information
1) Test site conditions
<1> Temperatures are those found under Class 2 conditions as specified in ISO 554 (Standard atmospheric
conditions for testing). As a general rule, test site temperatures should be 23 ± 2 °C. Relative humidity should
be 50, class 10 (± 10%).
<2> Room temperature: Room temperature shall be in the 5 to 35 °C range. Relative humidity must be in the 45 to
85% range.
Remark At the completion of testing, the temperature and humidity conditions under which the testing was
performed must be entered in the test report.
2) Sampling of specimen: Sample the specimen material as required. Peel off the first 1 or 2 layers of the test piece
material and discard it. Use the remainder for the test procedure.
3) Specimen and test piece material preparation: Allow sufficient time beforehand to complete the preparation of the
specimens and test pieces. Make the preparations as specified in Item (1).1) of this Standard.
4) Specimen and test piece material classification and surface treatment: The general conditions for specimen and
test piece classification and surface treatment are listed in Table 29 below. Unspecified conditions shall be
determined by agreement between the concerned parties. Besides, as a rule, all test piece material to be adopted
in lines shall be evaluated.
Table 29
Test piece material
Material characteristic Surface treatment
classification
After pre-treatment of NES M 0007(Testing
SP120 specified in NES M 2020 (Cold Rolled Method for Automotive Paint 4.2.3), paint
Coated steel panel Carbon Steel Sheets and Strips) Thickness: and dry the sheets as specified in NES M
0.65 to 0.8 mm 0007 4.4.4 Clean with ethanol or isopropyl
alcohol before preparation of test pieces.
As specified in NES M 7081 (Vinyl Leather
Cloth for Automobiles) Details shall be
Vinyl leather cloth Clean them with dry cloth.
determined by agreement between the
concerned parties in the testing.
As specified in NES M 7083 (Vinyl Sheet for
Automobiles) Details shall be determined by
Vinyl sheet Clean them with dry cloth.
agreement between the concerned parties in
the testing.
Molding (43) or emblem (44) material identical
or similar to that used on the assembly line.
Synthetic resin - Material
The material must be formed into a flat plate.
should have either Wipe clean with a dry cloth.
(Specific preparation details are determined
hardness or softness
as agreed upon between the concerned
parties.)
Note (43) PVC: Riken Vinyl TN 6002 (HSA60) or equivalent.
(44) ABS: Mitsubishi Rayon 3001 M or equivalent.
5) Crimping conditions for preparation of test pieces

Crimping conditions for test pieces preparation shall be specified for each test item.
The double sided tape shall be classified into 5 types of Table 31 depending on application.
Table 30
Classification Description
Type 1 Roof insulator, head lining, etc.
No. 1 Emblem molding (moldings with relatively small entry into the bonding face)
Type 2 No. 2 Side guard molding, bumper molding
No. 3 Window fastener
No. 4 Rear spoiler
6) Test piece standing time: Test piece standing times (the elapsed time between test piece preparation and test
piece use together with the elapsed time between individual condition completion and hard setting) are specified
for each test procedure.
7) Test piece number and rounding off of numerical values: As a general rule, at least 3 test pieces should be used for
each test procedure. Numerical values are to be rounded off as specified in JIS Z 8401 (Rules for rounding off of
numerical values).
(2) Holding power test method

1) Objective To determine paint film adhesive strength. Measurements are taken in the ordinary direction of
shearing and in the peeling direction when the peeling direction is determined by the addition of weights.
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2) Equipment
<2> Constant low temperature chamber
<3> Constant temperature and humidity controlled chamber
<4> Weights (0.1, 0.2, 1, 2, 4, 6 kg)
<5> Rollers (weigh 5 kg.)
3) Test piece preparation

As specified in NES M8506 5.3.3.The test piece condition is shown in Figure 78.
Figure 78
Type 1 Type 2
Support
Coated steel panel
Coated steel panel
25 mm Tape
25 mm Tape
1 to 2 mm 25 mm
25 mm
Stainless steel
PET film plate
(25 μm) (SUS304)
4) Preparation of L-shaped holding force test pieces (only type 2)

As specified in NES M8506 5.4.3. The test piece condition is shown in Figure 79.
Figure 79
30 mm Coated steel panel
30 mm
Tape
50 mm
L type jig
(Side face) (Front face)
1 mm
L type jig (SUS304) L type peel-off test piece
5) Test procedure
<1> Mount the test pieces to the holders, and leave them in the test temperature atmosphere with no-load
applied for 1.5 hours.
<2> Apply the specified load as shown in Figure 74. At this time, apply the load uniformly to the entire
adhesive strip.
<3> Record the time period elapsed after applying load to the time separation and drop occur. (Max. 168
hours)
<4> Observe the severity of test piece defects.
6) Report
<1> The average time period before load drop is expressed in 2 significant digits by rounding off.
<2> It is expressed in hours (h).
<3> The severity of test piece defects is added to the end of the measurement value with codes shown in the
Table 32 below. (If any defect not included in the table occurs, record its details.)
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Figure 80-1
Type 1 Type 2
Coated steel plate

Coated steel plate
Tape PET film Tape Stainless steel plate

(SUS304)
Weight Weight
Figure 80-2
2 to 3 mm
Coated steel plate
Mounting support
Tape
L type jig
(Side face) Weight (Front face)
Table 31
Code Defect format
AF Surface separation between the bonded body and the tape
MF Combination of surface separation and tape damage
CF Substrate damage of tape
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6.3.28 White stain resistance

(1) Objective Check for white stain occurrence caused by water intrusion to paint film when washing the car or
when rain water adheres to the bumper paint film.

1) Constant temperature controlled chamber
2) 1 w/v% sulfuric acid solution
3) Ion exchange water
(3) Preparation of test piece Use test piece A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2 Paint the test material as
(4) Test conditions

1) Temperature: 50 °C ± 2 °C
2) Time: 4 h, 12 h
(5) Operation
1) Allow test piece to stand immersed in warmed to the specified temperature, 1% sulfuric acid solution shown
in Figure 58.
2) After letting stand, wash the test piece with water and, wipe off the water drops.
3) After letting the test piece stand for 24 hours, drop approx. 0.2 to 0.5 mλ ion exchange water on the test
piece surface with a dropper.
4) After letting the test piece stand for 60 min., wipe off water drops, and check for color change of the dropped
part, and stains, blistering.
5) If the above dropped part shows color change, stain or blistering, let the test piece stand for a maximum of
10 min. under normal conditions, and check previously mentioned paint film change loss.
(6) Report
Record color change of paint film, stain and blistering if any, and time loss of previous mentioned change (10
min. max.)
6.3.29 Dirt resistance characteristics

(1) Objective To reproduce dirt condition of a paint film after leaving, and check washability on the stand.
(2) Test equipment and material

(a) Air spray gun Paint nozzle diameter 1.3 φmm (WIDER-61 or 71 manufactured by IWATA AIR
COMPRESSOR MFG or equivalent)
(b) Steam washing testing machine (manufactured by SHINNIHONSANGYO 2KA5-23349)
(c) Constant temperature controlled chamber
(d) Double-sided flannel cloth (1000 ultra-spec. flannel cloth manufactured by KOWA Company. Ltd or
equivalent)
(e) Color-difference meter (Gonio spectrometer GSP-2 manufactured by MURAKAMI COLOR RESEARCH
LABORATORY)
(f) Mud for test (The recipe is to be described later.)
(3) Test procedure

<1> A test piece, use A (70 × 150 mm) of 4.2 which is painted in accordance with 4.3.3 and measure the initial
L*value by using a color-difference meter in advance of the test. However, paint shall be a white of high
L*value for the easy detection of dirt.
<2> Test conditions
<2>-1. Preparation of mud for test
Mix the following ingredients and stir them for more than 30 minutes with a magnetic stirrer. Also,
considering the settlement characteristics of the dirt, continue stirring until spraying is finished.
○ Test mud composition
*1
Carbon black: 0.5 wt%, *2 Yellow ochre: 0.2 wt%
JIS Z 8901 Test Powders and Test Particles Dust class 8: 1.3 wt%,
Ion exchange water: 98.0 wt% ····· Total 100 wt%
*1 Channel black manufactured by HOLBEIN-WORKS (Specific area: 460 m2/g, Grain size: 13 nm,
pH: 2.5)
*2 Yellow ochre manufactured by HOLBEIN-WORKS
<2>-2. Mud stick conditions (refer to Figure 78.)

Adjust the setting of air spray gun (gun pattern dial: full power, gun air dial: full power, the initial
pressure of air: 9.8 × 104 Pa = 1.0 kgf/cm2 {gage}, amount of discharge: 70 ± 3 cm3/min) and spray test
mud on a test piece in the length direction (150 mm) at a speed of 1 reciprocal stroke/1 sec while
keeping the gun distance at 300 mm. (1st time: 1 reciprocal stroke, From 2nd time: 5 reciprocal strokes).
After spraying, set the test pieces in the constant temperature controlled chamber maintained at 50 °C
every time and let them stand still to dry for 10 minutes. Repeat this for 8 cycles.
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Figure 81 — Sketch for mud stick conditions
Spray gun Paint hose Mud beaker

for test
Test piece
Test piece bench
Magnetic starter
Air hose
<2>-3. Mud removal conditions

Method A: Steam washing testing machine only
Adjust the setting of steam washing testing machine
(Water temperature: 50 °C, water pressure: 7.8 × 106 Pa = 80 kgf/cm2 {gage}),
Gun distance: Perform 10 reciprocal strokes of washing of the test piece in the transverse
direction (70 mm) at a speed of 1 reciprocal stroke/1 sec.
After washing, air-blow dry the test piece, and measure L*value using a color-difference meter.
Method B: Steam washing testing machine + water rinse with double-sided flannel
Fold an approx. 140 mm square flannel cloth 4 times to make an approx. 35 mm square and wet
it with tap water. After checking the test pieces using Method A above, place them under running
water (water running from a tap at a speed of 1 to 2ℓ per minute) and immediately perform 5
reciprocal strokes of washing on half of the test piece in the direction of the length (150 mm) at a
speed of 1 reciprocal stroke/1 sec by using the folded flannel cloth. However, when wiping the
test piece with the double-sided flannel cloth, make sure to use a strength as specified in NES
M0007 56. Testing Mehtod of Dry Cloth Wiping Resistance. After washing, air-blow dry the test
piece, and measure L*value using a color-difference meter.
(4) Report
The difference of the ∆L*values before and after the test shall be reported, or use photographs/test samples
as part of a report.
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6.4 Long range properties

6.4.1 Weathering resistance characteristics
6.4.1 (A) Natural exposure (Weathering)
(1) Objective To determine paint surface resistance to environmental conditions.
(2) Test methods
1) Method A: Ordinary procedure to check the paint surface topcoat.
2) Method B: Special procedure to check adhesion between the topcoat and the coat immediately beneath the
topcoat (intermediate coat or undercoat). To do this, a transparent topcoat is used.
(3) Equipment and material
1) Exposure stand (simple black box). Refer to Figure 79.
2) Gloss meter (As specified in Item 6.1.2 (2)).
3) Standard light source (As specified in Item 6.1.5 (2), 1)).
4) Color difference meter (As specified in Item 6.1.5 (2), 2)).
5) Cutter (As specified in Item 6.2.4 (2), 2) <2>).
6) Cellophane adhesive tape (As specified in Item 6.2.4 (2), 2) <2>).
7) Wax (Nissan Genuine Wax "Nissan Genuine Surluster Impact Master Finish" or GX-II
(SANKYORIKAGAKU) or equivalent
Prepare the items below as necessary.
8) Instrument protective case
9) Self-recording thermograph (JIS B 7305 Thermographs)
10) Self-recording hydrograph (JIS B 7306 Hydrographs)
11) Self-recording rain gauge (JIS B 7308 Recording rain gauges)
12) Jordan heliograph
13) Pyrheliometer or cumulative illuminance meter
Figure 82-1 — Black box exposure stand
Black box
(t = 2Aℓ
Black paint
···2 coats of
previous treatment)
Angle-make stand
(2coats coating
50 × 50 L-Sharp
steel)
Fix by concrete etc. Drain hole
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Figure 82-2 — Black box exposure stand
Test plate
Fixing support
Exposure angle (Variable)

1) Method A Use three B-test (70 × 300 mm) or A-test (70 × 150 mm) plates specified in Item 4.2. Paint the test
material as described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test pieces. Further treatment of the individual test pieces is
described below.
First test piece: Blank (Sample plate)
Second test piece: 1-year exposure
Third test piece: 2-year exposure
2) Method B Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Apply the undercoat or the middle coat
using normal procedures in accordance with 4.3.3 (4). Prepare the test pieces by painting each paint film
with W/W in accordance with the following paint film configuration, and by seizing under the specified
conditions.
Paint film configuration Coat 1 Coat 2 Coat 3
Clear Coat ○* ○*
Pearl Base Coat ○*
Color Base Coat ○* ○* ○*
Intermediate coat/Undercoat ○ ○ ○
(Primer coat)
○: With paint film
○*: Excluding additives (UVA, HALS), pigment, and brightness material depending on paint film type
(5) Test conditions
1) Test location: The test shall be performed in Okinawa. The location must have unobstructed sunlight from thirty
minutes after sunrise to 30 minutes before sunset. There must be no obstructions to the direct sunlight. The
location must be free of wind-carried and scattered dust, soot, sand, and other foreign matter.
2) Sunlight exposure orientation: Due South
3) Sunlight exposure angle: 20° from October through April and 5° from May through September
4) Method A specified test period: Normally 2 years
Method B specified test period: 3 months (if possible, during June, July, and August)
(6) Test procedure
(6.1) Method A
1) Measure the test piece paint surface thickness, glossiness, and hue (3-stimulus values X, Y, and Z).
2) Write the following on the test plate back surface using non-erasable ink.
Paint color, paint manufacturer, test start and end dates, paint surface thickness, serial number, and any other
required information.
3) Store the blank test piece (sample) in a completely dark location until the completion of the test. Carry the other 2
test pieces to the designated test site. Carefully mount the plates on the exposure stand. Be absolutely sure that
the test piece surfaces are oriented correctly with the testing side facing up (towards the sun) and the back side
(side with the information written on it) facing down (away from the sun). Begin the testing.
4) Leave the test pieces exposed for the specified time period. An intermediate check should be made after 1 year. At
the completion of the time period, remove the test plates from the exposure stand.
5) Clean the test plates with a sponge or some other soft materials soaked in neutral detergent. Rinse the plates with
tap water and allow them to dry.
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6) Polish 1/3 of the test plate surfaces with wax (1/3 should be polished during the intermediate check). Refer to
Figure 83.
7) Perform the following tests for both the polished and unpolished areas.
<1> Paint surface condition (staining, cracking, etc.) test
<2> Gloss test
<3> Discoloration (Color difference) test
<4> Blistering test
<5> Adhesion test
<5> Other items required
Figure 83
Water rinse only
Water rinse + wax polish
Water rinse + compound polish
8) Measure weather and climatic conditions as required.

(6.2) Method B
1) Measure the test plate paint surface thickness. Indicate the following required items on the test plate back
surface using an indelible method. Paint color, paint manufacturer, test start and end dates, paint surface
thickness, and any other required information.
2) Carefully attach the test plates to the exposure stand. Carefully mount the plates on the exposure stand. Be
absolutely sure that the test piece surfaces are oriented correctly with the testing side facing up (towards the
sun) and the back side (side with the information written on it) facing down (away from the sun). Begin the
testing.
3) Leave the test pieces exposed for the specified time period. At the completion of the time period, remove the
test plates from the exposure stand. Clean the test plates with a sponge or some other soft material soaked
in neutral detergent. Rinse the plates with tap water and allow them to dry.
4) Perform the checkboard test at 2 mm intervals (refer to Item 6.2.4 (2)). Note the number of checkboard
patterns that are free of peeling.
(7) Report
1) Method A
<1> Record the paint surface condition as specified in Item 6.1.1 (5).
<2> Record the gloss as specified in Item 6.1.2 (6).
<3> Record the discoloration (color difference) as specified in Item 6.1.5 (6).
<4> Record any blistering as specified in Item 6.3.1 (6).
<5> Record the adhesion as specified in Item 6.2.4.
<6> Other required items Record any details relevant to the testing procedure.
2) Method B Record the results of the checkerboard test procedure as specified in Item 6.2.4 (2), 6).
3) Record the weather and climatic conditions as required.
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6.4.1 (B) Accelerated exposure

(1) Objective To determine paint surface resistance to artificially created (accelerated) environmental
conditions.
(2) Test methods

1) Sunshine weatherometer method
<1> Continuous method
<2> Cyclic method (Sunshine weatherometer method → humidity)
Method A: Using a transparent top coat to check intermediate paint layer adhesion.
Method B: Using the specified top coat to produce cracking and blistering in the 2-coat metallic paint surface
2) Fluorescent ultraviolet ray/condensation method
3) Xenon accelerated weathering test method
4) Super UV tester method
(3) Sunshine weatherometer continuous method

<1> Sunshine weatherometer as specified in JIS B 7753 (Light-exposure and light-and-water-exposure
apparatus (Open-flame sunshine carbon-arc type)). (Refer to Figure 84.)
<2> High-sensitivity cumulative light volume meter
Measuring wave length: 300 to 700 nm
Light detector: Special silicon photocell (with temperature compensation circuit)
Display scale: Mercury column scale (radiating illuminance) [with a compensating value for each division
of the scale.]
Mercury separation sensitivity: Approximately 1.5 mm 11 h (92 × 104 J/m2)
Display scale range: 0 to 120 mm
<3> Standard light source (As specified in Item 6.1.5 (2), 1)).
<4> Color difference meter (As specified in Item 6.1.5 (2), 2)).
<5> Gloss meter (As specified in Item 6.1.2(2)).
<6> Cutter (As specified in Item 6.2.4 (2), 2) <1> ).
<7> Cellophane adhesive tape (As specified in Item 6.2.4 (2), 2) <2>).
<8> Wax (Nissan Genuine Wax "Nissan genuine Surluster Impact Master Finish" or equivalent)
described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece. Prepare 3 test plates. 2 plates are to be used during the
actual test procedure while 1 test plate serves as a reference sample.
Figure 84 — Sunshine weatherometer
Switch panel
Sunshine carbon arc lamp
Air control valve

Black panel thermometer
Test paint spray
Test plate holder
Test plate
Cooling nozzle
Specimen rotation frame
Glass filter
Transformer Blower
3) Test conditions
<1> Black panel temperature 63 ± 3 °C (Atmospheric condition at 50 ± 2 °C)
<2> Rain cycle 18 minutes during 120 minutes of irradiation
<3> Rain conditions Pressure: 78 to 127 kPa {0.8 to 1.3 kgf/cm2)
Water volume: 2,100 ± 100 mλ/minute
Water quality: Deionized water at 2 μs/cm3 or less with a pH value of 6.0 to 8.0.
<4> Refer to Table 7 for the test period (method specified in NES M 0135 Item 7.2).
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4) Test procedure
<1> Measure the test piece paint surface thickness, glossiness, and hue (3-stimulus values X, Y, and Z). Set
1 of the test pieces aside as a sample reference plate.
<2> Indicate the following required items on the test plate back surface using an indelible method. Paint color,
paint manufacturer, test start and end dates, paint surface thickness, and any other required information.
<3> Mount the test pieces to the Sunshine weather meter test piece holders. The test piece painted surfaces
must be facing up. Mount the test plate holders with the test plates to the test plate rotating frame. The
test plate test surfaces must be facing the glass filter. If there are fewer test plates than test plate holders,
mount aluminum plates to the empty holders and mount the holders to the rotating frame. The aluminum
plates will serve as shielding.
<4> Check the test plate conditions every 250 hours from the start of the test to the specified completion of
the test. If a slope-type rotation frame is not used, all of the test plates must be turned from top to bottom
at the same time.
<5> At the end of the specified testing period, remove the test plates from the test plate holders. Clean the
test plates with a sponge or some other soft material soaked in neutral detergent. Rinse the plates with
tap water and allow them to dry.
<6> As a general rule, polish the lower 1/2 of 1 test plate surface with wax. Polish the lower 1/2 of the other
test plate, only when the target time has passed.
<7> Perform the following tests for both the polished and unpolished areas. The adhesion test shall be
implemented after taking out the test piece and letting it stand for 24 hours or more.
<a> Paint surface condition (staining, cracking, etc.) test
<b> Gloss test
<c> Discoloration (Color difference) test
<d> Blistering test
<e> Adhesion test
<f> Test other areas as required
5) Report
<1> Record the paint surface condition as specified in Item 6.1.1 (5).
<4> Record any blistering as specified in Item 6.3.1 (6).
<5> Record the adhesion as specified in Item 6.2.4 (2), 6).
<6> Record any details relevant to the testing procedure.
6) Test time compensation by measured irradiated illuminance
±15% allowance is permitted for tester standard irradiation illuminance. Calculate test time compensation
referring to the standard irradiation illuminance deviation. Test time compensation should be done prior to
the actual test.
During continuous testing, measure the irradiation illuminance parallel to the tester for control purposes. If
the testing is considered stable, the control measurements are required only once a month.
<1> Test time compensation method
<a> Mount the meter to the test plate rotating frame. Expose the meter to the light source by rotating the
area surrounding the light source. Reach a cumulative irradiation illuminance (J/m2) for 200 hours
(either 10 continuous 20-hour periods or 4 continuous 50 hour periods).
<b> Calculate the average irradiation illuminance (W/m2) by dividing the cumulative radiation illuminance
by the test time.
<c> Compensate the test time according to the deviation ratio between the average irradiation illuminance
and the standard irradiation illuminance. Compensation must be in units of continuous test time
(20-hours or 50-hours. Standard irradiation illuminance is 255 W/m2 (per hour).
<d> Round off the compensated time to the nearest whole number. Note it in hourly units.
<2> Compensation test time (Example)
Average irradiation illuminance for 200 hours with continuous 20-hour operational units is 228 W/m2.
2
Compensation time = 255 (W /m ) × 20 h = 22.4 ≈ 22 h
228 ( W /m2 )
For continuous 50-hour operational units.
2
Compensation time = 255 (W /m ) × 50 h = 55.9 ≈ 56 h
228 ( W /m 2 )
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(4) Sunshine weather meter cycle method A

1) Objective To examine the adhesion between top coat surface and the non-polished coat surface below
the top coat (middle coat or undercoat) by means of the accelerated method.
<1> Sunshine weather meter (Refer to Figure 84.)
<2> Constant temperature and humidity control chamber: Specified in Item 6.3.1 (2)
<3> Exposure stand: As specified in Item 6.4.1 (A) (3), 1).
<4> Cutter knife: As specified in Item 6.2.4 (2), 2) <1>.
3) Test piece preparation Use a test piece A (70 × 150 mm) of 4.2 which is intermediate-coated or
undercoated in the regular process in accordance with 4.3.3 (4).Prepare the test pieces by painting each
paint film with W/W in accordance with 6.4.1 (A) (4), 2), and by seizing under the specified conditions.
4) Test conditions Sunshine weather meter (46) 200 hours → room temperature, 0.5 hour → 50 °C, 95% RH,
120 hours → room temperature, 0.5 hour is set to 1 cycle. Repeat this for the specified number of cycles.
Note (46) Sunshine weather meter test conditions shall be identical to 6.4.1 (B) (3).
5) Test procedure
<1> Install the test pieces to the weather meter following the procedure described in Item 6.4.1 (B),. Expose
the test pieces to the specified conditions for the specified time period.
<2> Remove the test plates from the weather meter. Set the constant temperature and humidity control
chamber to the specified conditions. Place the test plates in the chamber at a 45° angle for the specified
time following the procedure described in Item 6.3.1 (Moisture resistance characteristics).
<3> Repeat the test for the number of cycles specified in 1) and 2).
<4> Perform the checkboard test outlined in Item 6.2.4. (2), and examine the number of checkboards
remained unpeeled (at 2 mm interval).
The adhesion test shall be implemented after taking out the test piece and letting it stand for 24 hours or
more.
6) Report Note the number of checkerboard patterns that are free of peeling by the number of residual
checkerboard patterns/the entire number of checkerboard patterns.
(5) Sunshine weather meter cycle method B

1) Equipment
<1> Sunshine weather meter (Refer to Figure 81.)
<2> Constant temperature and humidity control chamber: Specified in Item 6.3.1 (2)
<3> High sensitivity cumulative light volume meter: As specified in Item 6.4.1 (3), 1) <2>.
<4> Wax: As specified in Item 6.3.12 (2).
2) Test plate preparation Use a test piece A (70 × 150 mm) of 4.2 which is painted in accordance with 4.3.3.
3) Test conditions The following conditions are to be one cycle. Repeat the specified number of cycles.
Sunshine weather meter 600 hours → Room temperature 30 minutes → Wet (50 °C, 95% RH) 240 hours →
Room temperature 30 minutes
Sunshine weather meter conditions shall be as specified in Item 6.4.1 (B), (3) 3).
4) Test procedure
<1> Adjust the weatherometer to the specified accelerated weathering conditions (listed in Item 6.4.1 (B) (3)
4)). Place the test pieces to be exposed in the weather meter for the specified time.
<2> Take out the test piece after exposure, place it in the constant temperature and constant humidity
control chamber adjusted to the specified conditions at an angle of 45° generally, and let it stand for the
specified time period.
<3> Repeat Steps <1> and <2> for the required number of cycle as 1 cycle.
<4> Check for the absence or presence and degree of cracks and blistering of the paint film for each cycle.
The adhesion test shall be implemented after taking out the test piece and letting it stand for 24 hours or
more.
5) Report No the cycle number, the absence or presence and degree of cracks and blistering for each cycle.
Blistering shall be as specified in Item 6.3.1 (6).
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(6) Fluorescent ultraviolet ray/condensation method

1) Objective To determine paint surface resistance to environmental influences (sunshine and dew).
Fluorescent artificial ultraviolet light rays (UV) and a condensation device are used.
<1> Test chamber (Refer to Figure 85.) The test chamber is made from corrosive resistant materials. It has
fluorescent ultraviolet lamps, a water heating tray, a test piece holder, time and temperature control
devices, and recording devices.
DPW: Dew panel weatherometer (Manufactured by Suga Shikenki) ······· (Manufactured by VOLTARC
SF4C ERP-P13 2.6 mW/cm2
QUV: Dew panel weatherometer (Manufactured by Q Panel) ················ 1.5 mW/cm2.
UV CON: Dew panel weatherometer (Manufactured by Atlas) ··············· 2.0 mW/cm2
Figure 85
Control unit Unit: mm
Flourescent lamp
50
Test Piece
Door
Vapor
Water
Air vent
4) Test conditions Perform each test cycle under the below conditions for the specified time period.
UV/70 °C, 8 hours → CON/50 °C, 4 hours
Definitions UV: Ultraviolet ray irradiation (Set the chamber automatic optical energy controller to 2.6 mW/cm2.)
CON: Condensation
5) Test procedure
<1> Install the test pieces to the test piece rack. The test piece painted surfaces must be facing the
fluorescent lamps. If there are not enough test pieces to completely fill the test piece rack, use the
dummy test pieces.
<2> Set the chamber to the specified test conditions. Perform the specified test cycles continuously.
<3> If the test is to be completed within 1 week, the test pieces should be checked every day. If the test
requires a longer time period to complete, the test pieces should be checked once a week or at some
other regular interval. When reinserting the test pieces to the chamber after checking, place them in the
test piece rack randomly.
<4> After completing the specified number of cycles, take out the test piece, and implement procedures in
accordance with M0007 48.6.7 3). Examine the absence or presence and degree of clear cracks of the
paint film.The adhesion test shall be implemented after taking out the test piece and letting it stand for
24 hours or more.
6) Report
<1> As specified in NES M0007 48.7. Note whether or not clear cracks are present. Note the details and
severity of any paint surface defects on the unpolished surface.
<2> Note the following conditions.
(a) Equipment type and model
(b) Fluorescent lamp manufacturer and type (Fluorescent ultraviolet ray condensation tester)
(c) Total irradiation time and test time
(d) Test conditions
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(7) Xenon acceleration weathering method

1) Equipment and materials
<1> The xenon acceleration tester is built of corrosion-resistant materials. It has a built-in xenon arc lamp, a
test piece rotation rack, a rain-producing device, a radiation illumination intensity operational control
device, temperature and humidity control devices, and a recording device. (Refer to Figure 86.)
Figure 86 — Xenon acceleration tester
(9) Control panel
(10) Thermo recorder
(16) Test piece spray

(11) TM-S type cycle computer
(12) Cumulative radiation

illuminance display
(13) Radiation illuminance
setting display
(1) Tester
(2) Xenon lamp
(4) Black panel

thermometer
(5) Light detector
(6) Specimen frame

(15) Cooling machine
(7) Specimen holder
(14) Stand
(8) Refregirator
(Water cooled)
Front view Right side view
<2> Standard light source: As specified in Item 6.1.5 (2) 1).

<3> Color difference meter: As specified in Item 6.1.5 (2) 2).
<4> Gloss meter: As specified in Item 6.1.2 (2).
<5> Cutter: As specified in Item 6.2.4 (2) 2) <1> .
<6> Cellophane adhesive tape: As specified in Item 6.2.4 (2) 2) <2> .
2) Test piece preparation Use test plate A (70 × 150 mm) or D (70 × 110 mm) specified in Item 4.2. Paint the
test material as described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece.
3) Test conditions
<1> Radiation illumination intensity: 180 W/m [400 nm max.] (Test piece surface illumination and light
symmetry must be within ±10% of the effective rating area. Initial test piece illumination has a 290 nm
wavelength.)
<2> Temperature Illumination (sunlight) period: 63 ± 3 °C (Black panel temperature)
Precipitation (rainfall) period: 28 ± 3 °C (Atmospheric temperature)
<3> Humidity Illumination (sunlight) period: 50%RH ± 5% RH
Precipitation (rainfall) period: Greater than 95% RH
<4> Precipitation (rainfall) cycle: 24 minutes of rainfall within a 360 minute illumination (sunlight) period
<5> Precipitation (rainfall) conditions
Force: Approximately 98 kPa {1.0 kgf/cm2}
Rainwater temperature: 20 ± 1 °C
Rainwater volume: Approximately 800 to 1,000 mλ/min
Rainwater composition: pH 6.0 to 8.0 with less than 2 μs/cm3 deionized water
<6> Inter-layer wind speed: 2 m/sec. max.
4) Test procedure
<1> Install the test piece to the test piece holder. Install the test piece holder and the test piece to the rotating
test piece rack. The test piece surface must be facing the lamp.
<2> Start the test. Remove the test piece from the rack and inspect it at 240 hour intervals until completion of
the test. After each inspection, reinstall the test piece to the rack with the test piece direction reversed
(up-side down or down-side up).
<3> At completion of the test, remove the test piece holder and test piece from the tester. Use a sponge or
soft cloth soaked in neutral detergent to clean the test piece test surface. Rinse the surface with clean
tap water.
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<4> Dry the test piece. Do not polish the test piece. Measure or visually check the items listed below.
The adhesion test shall be implemented after taking out the test piece and letting it stand for 24 hours or more.
1. Gloss
2. Color fading (Discoloration)
3. Paint surface appearance (Choking, corrosion, blistering, staining, cracking, peeling)
4. Physical characteristics (As required according to pencil hardness, checkboard pattern, etc.)
5) Report
<1> Gloss (As specified in Item 6.1.2 (6))
<2> Color fading or discoloration (As specified in Item 6.1.5 (2))
<3> Paint surface appearance (Note the absence or presence of abnormal conditions. If present, note the degree
of severity)
<4> Physical characteristics (As specified in 6.2.1 (6) and according to pencil hardness (6.2.4 (2) 6) and
checkboard pattern)
<5> Record the following.
(a) Tester type, tester manufacturer, and tester model
(b) Test conditions
(c) Test time
(d) Lamp change time
(8) Super UV tester method

1) Equipment
<1> Metal haride lamp method tester (I-super UV tester: Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd. .or equivalent Figure 84)
Figure 87 — Super UV tester
I-super UV tester Test piece door

(e.g. SUV-W131) Lamp
Control panel
Specimen stand
Main power
Water tank
Stabilizer for lamp
<2> Standard light source: As per 6.1.5 (2) 1) of this Standard.

<3> Colorimeter: As per 6.1.5 (2) 2) of this Standard.
<4> Specular gloss meter: As per 6.1.2 (2) of this Standard.
<5> Cutter: As per 6.2.4 (2) 2) <1> of this Standard.
<6> Cellophane adhesive tape: As per 6.2.4 (2) 2) <2> of this Standard.
2) Test piece preparation Use a test piece (50 × 65 mm or more) which is top-coated in accordance with 4.3.3.
3) Test conditions
<1> Type A
1. Cycle conditions: The following conditions are to be 1 cycle. Confirmation is executed at for specified cycles.
High-temperature,
Condition Light Shower Shower Ordinary temperature
more humidity
24 hours or longer, less
Time 24 hours 10 sec. 24 hours 10 sec.
than 72 hours
Ultra-violet light strength 102 mW/cm 2
― ― ― ―
Black panel temperature 63 °C ― 50 °C ― RT (Unused)
Humidity 70% ― 95% ― RH (Unused)
2. Wavelength range 295 to 450 nm
3. Rainfall conditions Water temperature: 20 ± 1 °C
Water volume: Approx 500 mℓ/minute
Water quality: Deionized water at 0.2 μs/cm3 or less with pH value of 6.0 to 8.0
<2> Type B
1. Cycle conditions: The following conditions are to be 1 cycle. Confirmation is executed at 10 cycle interval for
specified cycles.
High-temperature, Ordinary
Condition Light Shower Shower
more humidity temperature
Time 4 hours 4 hours 10 sec. 4 hours 10 sec.
Ultra-violet light strength 90 mW/cm2 ― ― ― ―
Black panel temperature 63 °C 70 °C ― RT (Unused) ―
Humidity 70% 90% ― RH (Unused) ―
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4) Operation
<1> Attach the test piece to the specimen holder.
<2> Starting the test, confirm A for the specified cycle as per 1 cycle and B for 10 cycles.
<3> After testing, remove the test piece from the tester, clean the coating surface using soft material such as,
sponge, etc. with detergent, and then wash with tap water.
<4> Dry the test piece. Do not polish the test piece. Measure or visually check the items listed below. The
adhesion test shall be implemented after taking out the test piece and letting it stand for 24 hours or
more.
1. Gloss
3. Paint surface appearance (Chalking, corrosion, blistering, staining, cracking, peeling, etc.)
4. Physical property (As required according to pencil hardness and checkboard pattern.)
5) Report
<3> Record the paint surface appearance (Note the absence or presence of abnormal conditions. If present,
note the degree of severity.)
<4> Record the physical properties (As specified 6.2.1 (6) (pencil hardness), 6.2.4 (2) 6) (checkboard
pattern).
<5> Note the following conditions.
(a) Equipment type, tester manufacturer, and tester model
(b) Test conditions
(c) Test time
(d) Lamp change time
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6.4.2 Sunlight resistance characteristics

6.4.2 (A) Natural exposure
(1) Objective To determine the resistance of interior part paint surfaces to sunlight exposure over an extended
period of time. These parts are not exposed to rainwater.
(2) Equipment
1) Identical to Item 6.4.1 (A) Natural Exposure (Weathering Characteristics). However, the exposure stand
must be covered with a glass plate (JIS R 3202 [Float and polished plate glasses]) to protect the test plate
surfaces from precipitation. The exposure stand must be contained in a box hermetically sealed to permit
temperature increase. There must be at least 5 cm between the test pieces and the box sides and glass
plates. (Refer to Figure 88.)
Figure 88
Test piece
Glass plate
Hermetically
sealed
Exposure angle (Variable)
2) Fading (discoloration) Grey scale: As specified in JIS L 0804.

3) Colorimeter: As per 6.1.5 (2) 2) of this Standard.
4) Specular gloss meter: As per 6.2.2 (2) of this Standard.
(3) Test piece preparation Use test plate B (70 × 300 mm) or test plate A (70 × 150 mm) specified in Item 4.2.
Paint the test material as described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test pieces. Prepare three A test plates and
three B test plates. Set aside one A plate and one B plate as blank test pieces (samples). Use the remaining
test pieces for the test.
(4) Test conditions
1) Identical to the natural exposure described in Item 6.4.1 (A).
2) Exposure period: Specified time
(5) Test procedure

1) Identical to the natural exposure (weathering characteristics described in Item 6.4.1 (A)). However, do not
polish the test plates.
2) Use the Grey scale to carry out the discoloration tests described below.
According to JIS L 0801 (General principles of test methods for colour fastness), visually compare the test
plate color tone with the Grey scale. Note the Grey scale number.
A general comparison may be made as follows. Arrange the exposed test pieces and the unexposed test
pieces (samples) side-by-side on a sheet of gray paper. Place the Grey scale near the plates. Lay the
attached mask across the exposed test plates, the unexposed test plates, and the Grey scale. (Refer to
Figure 89.)
Compare the color differences between the exposed and unexposed plates together with the Grey scale
indications. Determine the rating.
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Figure 89
Unit: mm
Unexposed test plate

Exposed test plate (70 × 300 or 70 × 150)
(70 × 300
or 70 × 150)
Discoloration Grey scale
Mask
3) Dry the test piece. (Do not polish the test piece.) Measure or visually check the items listed below.
1. Gloss
3. Paint surface appearance (Chalking, corrosion, blistering, staining, cracking, peeling etc.)
4. Physical properties (As required according to pencil hardness and checkboard pattern.)
(6) Report
1) Identical to the natural exposure described in Item 6.4.1 (A).
2) Note the Grey scale ratings.
3) Record the gloss as specified in Item 6.1.2 (6).
4) Record the discoloration (color difference) as specified in Item 6.1.5 (2).
5) Record the paint surface appearance. (Note the absence or presence of abnormal conditions. If present,
6) Record the physical property (As specified in 6.2.1 (6) (pencil hardness), 6.2.4 (2) 6) (checkboard pattern).
6.4.2 (B) Accelerated exposure

(1) Objective To estimate the resistance of interior part paint surfaces to sunlight exposure as applied during
the outdoor test using a weatherometer. Interior part weathering resistance is then determined.
(2) Equipment
1) As specified in NES M 0135 Item 8.6.
2) Fading (discoloration) Grey scale (As specified in Item 6.4.2 (A), (2), 2))
3) Colorimeter: As per 6.1.5 (2) 2) of this Standard.
4) Specular gloss meter: As per 6.2.2 (2) of this Standard.
described in Item 4.3.3 to prepare the test piece. Prepare 3 test plates. Set aside 1 plate as a blank test piece
(sample). Use the remaining test pieces for the test.
(4) Test conditions According to NES M 0135 Item 8.6.
(5) Test procedure

1) Identical to the accelerated exposure (weathering characteristics described in 6.4.1 (B), (3), 4)).
2) Use the Grey scale to carry out the discoloration tests as specified in Item 6.4.2 (A) (5), 2).
3) Dry the test piece. Do not polish the test piece. Measure or visually check the items listed below.
1. Gloss
2. Color fading
3. Paint surface appearance (Chalking, corrosion, blistering, staining, cracking, peeling etc.)
4. Physical properties (As required according to pencil hardness and checkboard pattern.)
(6) Report
1) Identical to (3) 5) of the accelerated exposure (Weathering characteristics) described in Item 6.4.1 (B).
2) Note the Grey scale ratings.
3) Record the gloss as specified in Item 6.1.2 (6).
4) Record the discoloration (color difference) as specified in Item 6.1.5 (2).
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5) Record the paint surface appearance (Note the absence or presence of abnormal conditions. If present,
6) Record the physical property (As specified in 6.2.1 (6) (pencil hardness), 6.2.4(2)6) (checkboard pattern).
(7) Apply test time compensation as described in Item 6.4.1 (B) (3) 6) Accelerated exposure (Weathering
resistance characteristics).
6.5 Durability
6.5.1 Scratch resistance durability

(1) Objective To examine if the film degraded due to weather is easily scratched by a brush used for washing
the body outer panel.
(2) Equipment and material

<1> Super UV tester test equipment described in 6.4.2 (8) Accelerated exposure test method (4)
Metal-halide lamp type test equipment (EYE Super UV Tester: IWASAKI ELECTRIC Co., Ltd. or an
equivalent - Figure 90)
I-super UV tester Test piece door

(e.g. SUV-W131) Lamp
Control panel
Specimen stand
Main power
Water tank
Stabilizer for lamp
Figure 90
<2> Car wash machine test equipment described in 6.2.9 car wash machine test method
(a) Car wash brush Material is polyethylene, shape is a cross with split end (the split end section length
shall be 10 mm from the end).
Total brush length = 220 mm
Figure 91
(b) Motor Equipped with a car wash brush, and capable of keeping 150 rpm
<3> Test dust Class 8 [JIS Z 8901 Test Powders and Test Particles]: Ion exchange water: polyoxyethylene
lauryl ether Sodium sulfate 0.75% solution = mixed by 3:10:2 (weight ratio)
<4> Rotating angle color-difference meter
<5> Brush
(3) Test piece preparation Use a test piece A (70 × 150 mm) of 4.2 which is painted in accordance with 4.3.3,
and cut to the size of 70 × 75 mm.
(4) Test conditions

<1> Super UV tester conditions described in 6.4.2 (8) Accelerated exposure test method (4).
Test should be implemented under the following conditions.
Ultraviolet ray intensity: Method A 102 mW/cm²
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Wavelength range: 295 to 450 nm

Rainfall conditions: Water temperature: 20 ± 1 °C
Water volume: Approx. 500 mλ/min
Water quality: Deionized water at 0.2 μs/cm with pH value of 6.0 to 8.0
Method A (The following conditions are to be 1 cycle. Repeat the specified number of cycles, and
implement check every cycle.)
High temperature Room

Condition Light Shower Shower
humidification temperature
Time 24 hrs 10 sec. 24 hrs 10 sec. 24 hrs
Ultraviolet ray intensity 102 mW/cm2 - - - -
Black panel temperature 63 °C - 50 °C - RT (not set)
Humidity 70% - 95% - RH (not set)
<2> Car wash machine test equipment described in 6.2.9 car wash machine test method
(a) Room temperature as specified in Item 4.1.2 (2)

(b) Brush rotation speed and rotation duration of car wash brush 150 rpm for 10 seconds
(c) Water volume: 4 λ/min
(5) Test procedure

<1> Implement the SUV A method described in 6.4.2 (8) for 1 cycle.
<2> Car wash machine test procedures

(a) The test piece surfaces must be facing up, and drip the specified quantity of muddy water, and spread it
with a brush (0.5 cm2/70 × 75 mm).
(b) Position the test piece with muddy water 150 mm away from the car wash brush center. Rotate the brush
at the specified speed for the specified time period while applying the specified volume of water. *Stir the
muddy water during testing to prevent sedimentation.
(c) (a) and (b) are to be 1 cycle. Repeat this for 10 cycles.
(d) Remove any muddy water from the test piece surface and wipe with alcohol in the direction of scratch by
using double-sided flannel cloth to remove brush leavings, and then measure brightness difference (∆L'
10°).
∆L' 10° = (L'10° after test) - (L' 10° before test)

For L' 10° measurement, Incident angle = 0°
Reflective angle = 10°
The reflective angle must be perpendicular
to the flaw (refer to the Figure).
Figure 92
Incident angle
Reflective angle
Flaw direction
<3> <1> and <2> above are to be 1 cycle. Repeat this for 4 cycles.
<4> After color measurement at the 4th cycle, measure the color after heating the test piece at 80 °C for 1 hour.
(6) Report Note ∆L' 10°.
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6.2 Physical properties

6.2.13 High pressure washing resistance
(1) Objective
This is a test method for evaluating adhesion of clear coat in markets that fall under the following (1) and (2) for
the clear coat applied on the plating used for exterior parts.
(1) Area where snow-melting salt is used in North America and Europe (area where 3 tons or more of
snow-melting salt is used per kilometer each year), or Japan
(2) Countries where sand for preventing slipping is used

1) Use the substrate, and plating top coat specification test pieces, or actual parts with dimensions and
specification agreed upon between the concerned parties in the testing.
2) In accordance with NES M0007 29.3 Cross cut method (Method B), perform 2 cross-cuts to reach the plating
surface on the paint film with a cutter knife at roughly center of the test piece.
(3) Test equipment (front load)

Constant temperature water tank
(4) Test conditions

Temperature 60 ± 1 °C
Time 72 Hours
Water quality Ion exchange water (5 μs/cm3, 25 °C or less)
Soak the test piece in the constant temperature water tank adjusted to the specified conditions for the
specified time period.Take out the test piece after the specified time, and wait 5 minutes. Then perform the
high pressure car washing test described in Item (6).
(5) Test equipment (high pressure car washing)

― It shall be possible to adjust pump water discharge pressure at 15 MPa and wash cars stably.
― Recommended high pressure car washing machine
Main body: KARCHER Professional HD 10/22 4S or equivalent
Pressure gauge: KARCHER pressure gauge 4742-025 or equivalent
(6) High pressure car washing test conditions
Water pressure of high pressure car washing machine: 15 MPa

Water temperature of high pressure car washing machine: 60±2°C
High pressure car washing gun distance: 20 cm
Spraying area of high pressure shower: Take 6.5 cm in the vertical direction and 1 cm in the transverse
direction as measures.
Nozzle moving speed: 100 mm/s
Car washing conditions: Inject vertically to the evaluation surface back and forth 3 times
in width of test piece at the nozzle moving speed shown above
as shown in Fig. 93.
(7) Report
Note appearance, existence of separation, and the mode (aggregation destruction, or surface separation) in
which peeling occurs
1 cm
Test piece
Nozzle
6.5 cm
20 cm
Figure 93 — Sketch of high pressure shower spray method
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Normative references: The following normative references and references apply the latest version.
NES M 0007 Testing Method for Automotive Paint
NES M 0135 Weatherbility and Light-Resistance Test Methods for Synthetic Resin Parts
NES M 0301 Substance Use Restrictions
NES M 5051 Lubricating Oil for Automobile Gasoline Engine
NES M 5052 Factory-Fill Gasoline
NES M 5059 Engine Antifreeze
NES M 5067 Paint Guard Coat
NES M 5069 Windshield Washer Liquid for Automobiles
NES M 5070 Rust Preventive Agents
NES M 5075 Engine Compartment Rust Preventive Materials
NES M 8506 Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Double-Coated Tapes for Automobiles
JIS A 5001 Crushed stone for road construction
JIS B 7305 Thermographs
JIS B 7306 Hygrographs
JIS B 7308 Recording rain gauges
JIS B 7753 Light-exposure and light-and-water-exposure apparatus (Open-flame carbon-arc
type)
JIS C 1302 Insulation resistance testers
JIS C 1303 High insulation resistance meters
JIS H 2601 Iron powder
JIS H 3100 Copper and copper alloy sheets, plate and strip
JIS H 8617 Electroplated coating of nickel and chromium
JIS K 5600 Testing methods for paints
JIS L 0801 General principles of testing methods for colour fastness
JIS L 0804 Grey scale for assessing change in colour
JIS L 3102 Cotton canvas
JIS R 3202 Float glass and polished plate glass
JIS S 6006 Pencil, coloured pencils and leads for them
JIS Z 1522 Pressure sensitive adhesive cellophane tapes
JIS Z 8401 Guide to the rounding of numbers
JIS Z 8701 Colour specification — The CIE 1931 standard colorimetric system and CIE 1964
supplementary standard colorimetric system
JIS Z 8722 Methods of colour measurement — Reflecting and transmitting objects
JIS Z 8730 Colour specification – Colour differences of object colours
JIS Z 8741 Specular glossiness – Methods of measurement
JIS Z 8901 Test powders and test particles
ASTM D 714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
SAE J 400 Test for Chip Resistance of Surface Coatings
EN1939 Self adhesive tapes. Determination of peel adhesion properties
JIS P 3801 Filter paper (for chemical analysis)
JIS Z 8720 Standard illuminants and sources for colorimetry
JIS C 2103 Methods of test for varnishes used for electrical insulation
JIS B 0651 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) – Surface texture Profile method –
Normal characteristics of contact (stylus) instruments
JIS Z 8703 Standard atmospheric conditions for testing
JIS K 2202 Motor Gasoline
JIS R 3202 Float glass and polished plate glass
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Reference standards:
NES M 0131 Methods of High Temperature Test for Passenger CompartmentSynthetic Resin
Parts
NES M 0132 Thermal Cycle Test Methods for Plastic Parts
NES M 0133 Testing Methods of Chemical Resistance for Plastic Parts
NES M 0136 Abrasion Resistance Test Methods for Plastic Parts
NES M 7084 Vacuum-Formed Sheet for Instrument Panel Pad
D24 1702/--J 2002 PAINT RESISTANCE TO GRITTING BY SHOT BLASTING
JIS K 6367 Inner tubes for motorcycle tires
JIS L 0848 The method for colourfastness to perspiration
Related book: Science chronology

Toyo Seiki Works, Ltd. material
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ANNEX
FY2018 Mar. revision objectives
Item Revision point Revised content Revision reason
6.2.9 Scratching (7) Quartz sand Change of scratch evaluation from subjective To improve accuracy of
resistance method (Method 6) evaluation (color difference, angle range in which scratch evaluation
characteristics scratches are visible) to subjective evaluation
using limit samples
3) Materials Deletion of multi angle spectrophotometer and To change the scratch
angle measuring instrument evaluation method
Addition of flannel (woolen yarn) For consistency with actual
work
5) Test conditions Amount of quartz sand Clarification of tolerance
Deletion of brightness measurement condition To change the scratch
evaluation method
6) Test procedure Change of the descriptions and addition of figures For consistency with actual
(Sprinkling quartz sand, Artificial solar installation, work and clarification of
Scratch observing method) actual work
7) Report Descriptions of the subjective evaluation method For clarification of actual work
(addition of rating, judgment criteria, and limit
sample photos)
FY 2017 Mar. revision objectives

6.2.9 Scratching (5) Glass bead method Add “for matte paint” in the This method is for matte paint. But it was
resistance (Method 4) objective not written in the English version.
characteristics English version

6.2.13 High (1) Objective Change of scope It was found that the loading factors to the
pressure washing coating in the Russian market can be seen
resistance in other markets.
(5) Test equipment Change of test equipment Instruments that can reproduce the revised
(high pressure car test conditions are those described.
washing)
(6) High pressure car Change of test conditions To meet the test conditions conforming to
washing test the latest market trend.
conditions

6.2.9 Scratching (7) Quartz sand Test for color difference in As there was an issue on replacement of
resistance method (Method 6) evaluation items was changed subjective evaluation with quantitative
characteristics test from subjective evaluation to evaluation when enacting the test method in
quantitative evaluation. FY14, quantification was studied.
3) (4) Addition of measurement X-Rite that quantifies color difference
instruments
3) (5) Addition of materials Used when evaluating while changing the
angle
5) (8) Addition of test conditions Brightness measurement conditions
6) (2) Addition of test procedure Initial brightness measurement
6) (8) Change of test procedure Method for observing damaged surface
6) (9) Addition of test procedure Brightness measurement position
7) (1) Change of report for color Report the maximum brightness difference
difference (∆L*).
7) (2) Change of report for angle Definition of angle range in which flaw was
range in which flaw is ideitified and change amount of angle were
observed clearly stated.
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M0141_2019-N

6.2.9 Scratching (7) Quartz sand New test method added As damageability for black interior high
resistance method (6) added gloss paint had not been able to be
characteristics test evaluated with the current scratch strength
test methods (Method 5), test procedures
were newly created. However, since
evaluation is performed by sensory
evaluation, study of quantitative evaluation
by measurement is the task and to be
performed next year.
Objectives of revision made in Nov. 2013

6.2.1 Pencil (2), 1) The specifications of scratch Due to inconsistency between Fig. 21
scratch test tester is corrected from what is (tester specified in JIS K5400) and the
specified in JIS K 5600 to that tester specified in JIS K5600 (Clerical
of PENCIL SCRATCH errors at the time of change in the
HARDNESS TESTER referential JIS.)
manufactured by Yasuda Seiki
Seisakusho LTD. or equivalent
as shown in Fig. 21.
6.4.1 Weathering (2), 3) The duration of time under Consistency with actual work
resistance ordinary temperature that the
characteristics test pieces are required to be
(B) Accelerated left to stand for is specified for
exposure (2) Procedure of Super UV
tester Method A.
FY 2012 Jan. revision objectives

As damageability testing for black interior
6.2.9 Scratching high gloss paint had not been able to be
(6) Scratch strength
resistance New test method added evaluated with the current scratch
(Method 5) added
characteristics test strength test methods, test procedures
were newly created.
The normative reference number
for Testing methods for paints was In accordance with the abolishment of
- -
revised from JIS K 5400 to JIS K JIS K 5400
5600.
Main point of revision in February 2011

6.2.3 Chipping
The test conditions are specified in
resistance Table 8 was replaced. The test conditions are specified.
accordance with NES M0007.
characteristics
The test material limit samples
6.2.3 Chipping were replaced by real pictures, and It was difficult to judge based on the
Figure 26.1 to 5 are
resistance they were set to use for judgment previous limit samples and Figures above
replaced.
characteristics classification of crushed stone and below the samples were unclear.
class.
6.2.4 Peeling (Method
Paint film thickness for 80 to 90 μm was changed to 80 to For matching with the level of other
C) of adhesive
Method B 100 μm. companies.
characteristics
Product equivalent to 1000
6.2.10 Dry cloth wiping (2)–2)-<1> Flannel ultra-spec. flannel cloth
Change to the formal name
resistance cloth name change manufactured by KOWA
Company. Ltd
Gauze was changed to 1000
6.3.13 Washer solution ultra-spec. double-sided flannel Gauzes cause flaws on test faces,
(2)-3) Gauze
resistance cloth manufactured by KOWA disabling evaluation.
Company. Ltd
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M0141_2019-N
6.3.13 Washer solution 5)-2) Wipe off with Water rinse with double-sided Gauzes cause flaws on test faces,
resistance gauzes. flannel cloth. disabling evaluation.
6.3.15 Artificial
Correction of clerical
perspiration resistance Detergent ⇒ chemical Correction of clerical errors
errors
characteristics
Flannel cloth ⇒
6.3.29 Dirt resistance Flannel cloth was changed to
double-sided flannel Change to the formal name
characteristics double-sided flannel cloth
cloth
The old standard was revised in March 2010, however, the standard was revised again in view point of the following.
○ Addition of new test methods
○ Consistency with actual work

6.2.13 High pressure New Test method for high pressure washing Addition of new test method by
washing resistance resistance is prescribed. steam washing
6.3.15 Artificial (4) Dripping Addition of 4.75% of oleic acid solution Based on the result of study on
perspiration resistance method chemical and 4.5% of lactic acid solution the artificial perspiration
characteristics concentration resistance concentration based
on the investigation in actual
result parts in market such as
finishers of door trims and
cockpit modules, the test fluid
concentration was determined
to 4.75% of oleic acid and 4.5%
of lactic acid.
6.3.18 Bird (5) Report A new bird dropping resistance criteria Since the picture of pollution
droppings resistance sample picture was taken and inserted. substances for each class was
not clear.
6.3.23 Insect (6) Report A new bird dropping resistance criteria Since the picture of pollution
resistance sample picture was taken and inserted. substances for each class was
characteristics not clear.
Description in Table 24 was reviewed. The classes were added and

1) Addition of classes (since ASAP description of each class was
described in NDS includes 0.5 class or clarified.
less). The description of deterioration
condition was changed. Class 0.5:
Slightly discernible depending on view
angle. Class 1.0: Moderately
discernible swelling. Class 2.0: Clearly
discernible significant swelling or
discoloration, degradation of gloss, and
others.
6.3.24 Pollen (6) Report A new pollen resistance judgment Since the picture of pollution
resistance criteria sample picture was taken. substances for each class was
characteristics However, the symptom is identical to not clear.
6.3.23 Insect resistance
characteristics, therefore, the picture in
Figure 69 is used as a substitute for
this one.
6.3.25 Sap (6) Report A new pollen resistance judgment Since the picture of pollution
resistance criteria sample picture was taken. substances for each class was
characteristics However, the symptom is identical to not clear.
6.3.23 Insect resistance
characteristics, therefore, the picture in
Figure 69 is used as a substitute for
this one.
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M0141_2019-N
○ Main point of revision in March 2010

The old standard was revised in February 2007, however, the standard was revised again in view point of the following.
○ Correct clerical errors.
Revision points and revision points to old standards are shown in the table below.
Annex Table 1
6.2.4 Adhesive (2), 5) Implementing evaluation after total 3 Consistency with actual work
characteristics times of tape peeling in vertical and
transverse directions was specified.
Figure 31 Residual degree of the paint film and Consistency with NES M 0007
the acceptable conditions are corrected
from ■ to □.
6.4.1 Weathering (4), 4) The description was unclear without the Consistency with actual work
resistance (5), 5) leaving time from test end to adhesion
characteristics evaluation, therefore, it was specified to
(6), 5)
(B) Accelerated leave for 24 hours or more in 48.6
exposure (7), 4) operation.
(8), 4)
○ Main point of revision in February 2007

The old standard was revised in October 2006, however, the standard was revised again in view point of the following.
Revision points and revision points to old standards are shown in the table below.
Annex Table 1
6.3.26 Paint film (2), 5) Glass schale was changed to dish Correct clerical errors.
moisture permeability (glass Petri dish).
(5), 1) Change of the preparation method and Consistency with actual work
size of paint film
(5), 3) Glass schale was changed to dish Consistency with actual work
(glass Petri dish), and water 200 CC
was changed to ion exchange water 20
CC.
(5), 4) Stand was changed to pedestal. Correct clerical errors.
Table 27, <2> Type is changed to plate. Correct clerical errors.
Figure 70 Each part name change Correct clerical errors.
○ Main point of revision in October 2006

The old standard was revised in January 2006, however, the standard was revised again in view point of the following.
○ Addition of new test methods
○ Consistency with other standards
Revision points The revision points to old standards are shown in the table below.
Annex Table 1
2 Definition of terms (2), (3) (2) Reduced paint, (3) Test material ingredient Consistency with NES M 0007
change
3 Test method Table 1 — Test method Brilliance was moved to External conditions. Consistency with NES M 0007
classification classification Sand paper method and glass bead method
are separately described.
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M0141_2019-N
4.1 Test area conditions Temperature K is Temperature 20 ± 5 °C (293 ± 5 K) Consistency with NES M 0007
described.
4.2 Test plate shape and E:90 × 190 mm Addition Consistency with actual work
dimensions (Gravelometer B method)
4.3.3 (4) Table 3 Addition of 3C1B Consistency with "Bumper paint
specification"
5.4.1 Paint specific (3) Standard test The reference contents were corrected. Correct clerical errors.
gravity conditions
5.4.2 Paint film specific (5) 9) Addition of singular values judgment criteria Consistency with NES M 0007
gravity
5.5 Non-volatile content (4) 3) <2> d) Addition of singular values judgment criteria Consistency with NES M 0007
5.7 Sedimentation (2) 3), (5) 3) The reference contents were corrected. Correct clerical errors.
5.8 Storage stability (1) 3), 6) <2> The reference contents were corrected. Correct clerical errors.
5.11 Drying (2) The reference contents were corrected. Correct clerical errors.
characteristics
6.1.2 Gloss (1), (5), Note (12) K5600-4-7 contents were added in accordance Change in accordance with JIS
with revision of JIS-K5400. revision
6.1.5 Color disparities (2) 2), (5) 2) Name and reference No were corrected in Change in accordance with JIS
accordance with revision of JIS Z8720, Z8722, revision
and Z8730.
6.2.1 Pencil scratch test (2) 1 ), 2) Name and reference No. were corrected in Change in accordance with JIS
accordance with revision of JIS K5400 and revision
S6006.
6.2.2 Impact resistance (2) The description was corrected to the contents Change in accordance with JIS
characteristics of K5600-5-3 in accordance with revision of revision
JIS K5400.
6.2.3 Chipping resistance (5) Method by means Addition of adhesion tape, and correction of Consistency with actual work, and
characteristics of Gravelometer B the test conditions clarification
method
6.2.4 Adhesive (4) Peeling method 2) Correction to Cellophane adhesive tape Consistency with actual work
characteristics
6.2.9 Damage resistance (2) Car wash brush 5) Re-measurement of color after heating at 80 Addition of new test method by means
°C for 1 hour is added. of ASAP
(3) Scratch strength 5) Addition of interval and number of test Consistency with actual work
6.2.10 Dry Cloth Wiping (2) Change ofФ of Nutsche Consistency with actual work
Resistance (φ85 ⇒ φ98)
(6) 2)Addition and correction of scratching Consistency with NES M 0007
procedure Addition of new test method by means
3)Re-measurement of color after heating at 80 of ASAP
°C for 1 hour was added to scratch measuring
method
6.3.4 Gasoline (2) Correction of name in accordance with Consistency with NES M5052
resistance revision of NES M5052
6.3.9 Thermal (2) Change of Nissan genuine car wax name Consistency in accordance with
resistance characteristics change of Nissan genuine car wax
6.3.12 Wax resistance (2)
characteristics
6.3.15 Artificial (3) Wiping method Requirement for cellophane adhesive tape Consistency with actual work
perspiration resistance (4) Dripping method and detergent was added.
characteristics
6.3.17 PVC adhesive (2) The reference contents were corrected. Correct clerical errors.
resistance characteristics
6.3.18 Bird droppings (3) Method A Albumin 1), 4) Addition of test material preparation Consistency with actual work
resistance method concentration unit
6.3.21 Acid rain (3), (4) Test result confirmation method, the depth Clarifying actual work
resistance characteristics measurement method were added.
6.3.22 Paint film (6) The reference contents were corrected. Correct clerical errors.
yellowing resistance
characteristics
6.3.27 Double sided The reference contents were corrected. Consistency with NES M 8506
tape adhesion test
6.3.29 Dirt resistance (3) The reference contents were corrected. Correct clerical errors.
characteristics
6.4.1 Weathering (3) Required Change of genuine car wax name Consistency with actual work
resistance characteristics equipment
(A) Natural exposure
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M0141_2019-N
(4) Preparation of test Addition of the test piece preparation Consistency with NES M 0007
pieces method depending on the paint film
configuration
6.4.1 Weathering (2) Test condition <3> Cycle method, Exchange of contents of Consistency with NES M 0007
resistance characteristics A and B
(B) Accelerated exposure (3) Sunshine weather 1) Change of genuine car wax name Consistency with actual work
meter continuity The reference contents of M0135 were Correct clerical errors.
method corrected.
(4) Cycle A method Exchange of contents Consistency with NES M 0007
(5) Cycle B method Addition of the test piece preparation
method depending on the paint film
configuration
(6) Fluorescence 2) Deletion of 2.8 mW/cm2 Consistency with NES M 0007
ultraviolet caking 5), 6) Addition of test method
method
(7) Xenon 2) Test piece preparation: addition of A70 × Consistency with actual work
acceleration method 150 mm
(8) Super UV tester 2. Preparation of test pieces Consistency with NES M 0007
method
Normative references Normative references Addition of M0301-2005-1 Correction of clerical errors •
Change in accordance with revision of JIS addition of reference
and NES and addition of reference
○ Main point of revision in 2006

The old standard was revised in 2003, however, the standard was revised again in view point of the following.
○ Addition of the new test method
Annex Table 1
3 Test method Table 1 — Reference Deleted Consistency with NDS
classification
3 Test method Table 1 — Test method Addition of the new test method Addition of the new test
classification classification method
5.3 Opacity rating (5) Procedure Addition of the case of metallic Consistency with NES M
0007
5.12 Heating residue (4)Test procedure <2>e Addition of description regarding singular Consistency with NES M
value 0007
6.2.3 Chipping resistance (3) Gravelometer test Addition of test piece temperature Consistency with NES M
characteristics (Method A) 3) Test 0007
conditions <2>
6.2.9 Damage resistance (2) Car wash brush Car wash brush material Consistency with actual work
(Method 2) Equipment and
material
(2) Car wash brush Addition of dripping method and stirring Consistency with actual work
(Method 5) Procedure method of muddy water
6.2.9 Damage resistance (3) Scratch strength Addition of test piece movement direction Clarifying actual work
6.2.9 Damage resistance (5) Glass bead method Change of description method Consistency with NES M
(Method 6) Report 0007
6.2.10 Dry Cloth Wiping (4) Test area conditions Addition of test temperature Addition of the new test
Resistance method
(5) Test conditions Addition of test load Addition of the new test
6) Regulation method
(6) Procedure 1) Specifying test face Addition of the new test
method
(6) Procedure 2) Addition of test method Clarifying actual work
6.3.4 Gasoline resistance (2) Material Specifying JIS No. Clarifying actual work
6.3.5 Engine oil resistance (2) Equipment and Change of description Clarifying actual work
characteristics material
(5) Procedure Solvent change Consistency with actual work
6.3.7 Rust preventive (2) Equipment and Change of description Consistency with actual work
agent resistance material
characteristics
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M0141_2019-N
6.3.13 Washer fluid (2) Apparatus and Correction of NES No. Correct clerical errors.
resistance characteristics materials
6.3.14 Detergent (2) Test methods Change of description Correct clerical errors.
6.3.15 Artificial perspiration (2) Test methods Change of description Correct clerical errors.
6.3.16 Iron filings (2) Equipment and Change of chemical reagents Consistency with actual work
exposure-caused damage chemical reagents
6.3.17 PVC adhesive (2) Equipment Addition of vinyl chloride sheeting type Malfunction of sheet feed
(5) Procedure Load was specified. Consistency with actual work
6.3.21 Acid rain resistance (3) Procedure Specifying the number of dripping Consistency with actual work
characteristics
(3) Procedure Change of compound name Consistency with actual work
(4) Report Specifying the count of measurement Consistency with actual work
6.3.23 Insect resistance (5) Procedure Change of description Consistency with actual work
characteristics
6.3.24 Pollen resistance (4) Test condition Change of the drip volume description Consistency with actual work
characteristics
(5) Procedure Change of description Consistency with actual work
6.3.25 Sap resistance (5) Procedure Change of description Consistency with actual work
characteristics
6.3.29 Dirt resistance Addition of the test method Addition of the new test
characteristics method
6.4.1 Weather resistance (5) Procedure Change of measurement method Consistency with actual work
characteristics (A) Natural
exposure
6.4.1 Weathering (3) Sunshine weather Change of the description of wax Consistency with actual work
resistance characteristics (B) meter continuity method
Accelerated exposure 1) Equipment
6.5.1 Scratch resistance Addition of the test method Addition of the new test
durability method
○ Main point of revision in 2003

The old standard was revised in 1998, however, the standard was revised again in view point of the following.
○ Cross production with RENAULT
○ Addition of the new test method
○ Change by correlation with market test result
Annex Table 1
4.3.2 Test material (2) Test methods Addition of Ford cup #3 Consistency with actual work
sampling methods
5.4.1 Paint specific (2) Equipment and apparatus Addition of quantitative test method Consistency with actual work
gravity (4) Procedure
5.4.2 Paint film (2) Equipment and apparatus Change to the contents of "Testing Consistency with actual work
moisture permeability (3) Preparation of test pieces Method of the Specific Gravity of Paint
(5) Procedure Film for Baked Type Top coat and
(6) Report Surfacer"
5.5 Non-volatile (2) Equipment and apparatus Addition of nonvolatile content test Addition of the new test method
content (3) Test condition method of "Testing Method of
(4) Procedure Nonvolatile Content for Solvent type
(5) Report Top coat and Surfacer"
5.6 Viscosity (4) 2) Method by Ford cup Addition of Ford cup #3 Consistency with actual work
viscosimeter Equipment and
apparatus
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M0141_2019-N
5.12 Method of The new test method was New test method was established The new test method was
testing residual established. Content of "Testing Method of established.
thermosetting paint Nonvolatile Content after Baking for
Solvent Type Top Coat and Surfacer"
was added as a new test method
6.1.2 Gloss (2) Equipment Addition of 20° specular gloss Consistency with NES M 0007
(5) Procedure
6.1.5 Color disparties (2) Equipment Artificial sun was added to the standard Consistency with actual work
light source.
6.1.8 Brilliance (2) Equipment Addition of the image sharpness Consistency with NES M 0007
(4) Procedure measuring apparatus (NID)
(5) Report Addition of the new test method The new test method was
established.
6.2.1 Pencil scratch (5) Procedure Force was changed to approximately Correct clerical errors.
test 30 N.
6.2.3 Chipping (2) Test methods Addition of Method by Gravelometer B For supporting cross production
resistance (5) with RENAULT
characteristics (3) Gravelometer test (Method Change of screen name type Correct clerical errors.
A) Table 7
(3) 4) (b) Back side chipping Addition of backside chipping Consistency with actual work
(3) 5) Judgement operation, addition of judgment criteria
(4) 1) Method by diamond shot Addition of low temperature equipment Consistency with NES M 0007
Equipment and fixtures attached and standard planimeter
plate.
(4) 3) Method by diamond shot Addition of air pressure Consistency with NES M 0007
test method
(4) 5) Method by diamond shot Area judgment plate was changed to Correct clerical errors.
Judgement the standard planimeter plate.
6.2.4 Adhesive (2) 2) <1> Checkerboard cutter Reference JIS No change Correct clerical errors.
characteristics (Method A) Equipment and
fixtures
(4) Peeling (Method C) Method B was added to the test piece Consistency with actual work
2) Equipment and apparatus preparation method.
3) Preparation of test pieces
6.2.9 Damage (2) Car wash brush (Method 1) Change of description Consistency with NES M 0007
resistance 1) Equipment and material
Figure 43 and muddy water for
test
6.2.9 Damage (2) Car wash brush (Method 1) Change of description Consistency with actual work
resistance 3) Preparation of test pieces
5) Procedure
(3) Scratch strength Change of overlap description Load was specified.
2) Equipment
(5) Glass bead method (Method Change of description Correct clerical errors.
4)
6) Report
6.2.10 Dry cloth wiping (5) Test condition Change of description Consistency with NES M 0007
resistance
(6) Procedure Figure 54 Addition Correct clerical errors.
6.2.11 Top-coat paint (3) Preparation of test pieces Change of description Correct clerical errors.
film inside stress (4) Test condition
cracking characteristics (5) Procedure Change of description Consistency with actual work
6.2.12 Bumper (2) Equipment Addition Correct clerical errors.

handling characteristics
6.3.1 Moisture (2) Test methods Addition of Cataplasm method For supporting cross production
resistance (5) Method B Cataplasm with RENAULT
method
(4) Method A Change of description
1) Test equipment Consistency with NES M 0007
3) Procedure Consistency with actual work
6.3.4 Gasoline (2) Material Addition of gasoline type Consistency with NES M 0007
resistance
(5) Procedure Change of description Consistency with actual work
6.3.5 Engine oil (2) Equipment and material Change of description Consistency with NES M 0007
resistance
characteristics
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M0141_2019-N
6.3.6 Paint surface (4) Test condition Change of description Correct clerical errors.
protective agent
resistance
characteristics
6.3.7 Rust preventive (2) Equipment and material Change of description Correction of clerical errors and
agent resistance (3) Preparation of test pieces consistency with NES M 0007
characteristics (4) Test condition
(5) Procedure
(6) Report
6.3.7 Heat cycle (5) Procedure Test piece installation angle Consistency with actual work
resistance
characteristics
6.3.9 Thermal (2) Equipment and material Wax example is deleted. Consistency with actual work
resistance
characteristics
6.3.10 Hot water (4) Test condition Change of description Change of expression to SI unit
resistance
characteristics
6.3.12 Wax resistance (2) Material Change of description Consistency with NES M 0007
characteristics
6.3.15 Artificial (3) Wiping method and (4) Addition of scratch strength test Addition as reoccurrence
perspiration resistance Dripping method preventive countermeasure for the
characteristics 4) Procedure symptom of soft feel paint peeling
5) Report
6.3.18 Bird droppings (2) Test methods Addition of gum arabic method For supporting cross production
resistance (4) Method B Gum arabic with RENAULT
method
6.3.20 Jelly percentage (3) Procedure Change of description Consistency with actual work
6.3.21 Acid rain (2) Equipment, apparatus and Addition of gradient oven For supporting cross production
resistance fixtures with RENAULT
characteristics
6.3.22 Paint film (4) Test condition Addition of 1,500 hours Consistency with "Bumper paint
yellowing resistance specification"
characteristics
6.3.23 Insect (2) Equipment and chemicals Change of description Consistency with NES M 0007
resistance (4) Test condition
characteristics (5) Procedure
6.3.24 Pollen (2) Equipment and chemicals Change of description Consistency with NES M 0007
resistance (4) Test condition
(5) Procedure
6.2.25 Tree sap (2) Equipment and chemicals Change of description Consistency with NES M 0007
resistance
6.4.1 (B) Accelerated Test conditions water quality Change of description Change of expression to SI unit
exposure
6.3.15 Artificial Preparation of test pieces Setting of drying time Change by correlation with
perspiration resistance market test result
characteristics
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M0141_2019-N

Nissan Engineering Standard

NES Methods of Test for Coating of Synthetic Resin

3. Test method classification

Division Test type Item No

Viscosity Rotary viscosimeter 5.6

Non-sand recoat characteristics 6.1.3

Color disparities 6.1.5

Division Test type Item No

Pencil scratch test 6.2.1

Thermal non-adhesion characteristics 6.2.5

Bumper handling characteristics 6.2.12

Rust preventive agent resistance characteristics 6.3.7

Division Test type Item No

Acid rain resistance characteristics 6.3.21

Natural exposure 6.4.1 (A)

Weathero- Cycle Method A

Scratch resistance durability 6.5.1

4. General test method information

4.1 Test area conditions

4.1.1 Painting room

4.1.2 Testing room

(2) Room temperature

4.2 Test plate shape and dimensions

4.3 Test specimen preparation method

4.3.1 Test plate preparation method

Note (2) Example: Isopropyl alcohol

4.3.2 Test material sampling methods

Figure 2 — #4 Ford cup

Table 3 — Coat thickness of test piece

Topcoat Primer Coat 4 to 7

(5) Coat thickness measurement

Baking process included : Completed operation : Line passage only

5. Paint materials testing method

5.1 Offensive odor

5.2 Paint container conditions

Note (5) Uniform consistency is free of layers, deposits and gellation.

5.3 Opacity rating

(4) Test conditions Painting room conditions as described in Item 4.1.1.

5.4 Specific gravity

Figure 5 — Specific gravity cup

Remarks 1. Cup weight must not exceed 200 g.

(2)-2 Equipment and apparatus (Specific gravity measuring tools method)

5.4.2 Paint surface (film) specific gravity

Figure 6 — How to make test pieces

Hole for suspension

(4) Test conditions Standard conditions as described in Item 4.1.2 (1).

Specific gravity = W1 × Specific gravity of solvent 3σ = 3 ×

Figure 7 — Method of measuring specific gravity of paint film

5.5 Non-volatile content

(2) Test type Method A : Drying by heating

(3) Drying by heating - Method A

(4) Drying by vacuuming - Method B

c) Calculate the non-volatile content and 3σ by the following expressions.

f) If 3σ ≤ 0.50 % is dissatisfied not satisfied, perform the retest.

(2) Stormer viscosimeter procedure

(3) Rotational viscosimeter procedure

(4) Ford cup viscosimeter procedure

Figure 8 — Stormer viscosimeter Figure 9 — Type-B viscosimeter

Spring thickness 0.75

A: Rotor C: Rotation speed indicator A: Rotor

150 mℓ separated solvebt

160 mℓ separated blue pigment