Mathematics (Multiple Choices)

2 -- Indices and Logarithm

HKCEE 1980’
○1 2. 125a  5b =
A. 625a + b B. 625ab C. 125a + 3b D. 5a + 3b E. 53a + b

○
2 4. If n = 10a, then log10n =
A. 10a. B. 10n. C. na. D. an. E. a.

x 2  y 2
○
3 5.
x 1  y 1
=

1 1
A. x1 + y1 B. x1  y1 C. x3  y3 D. E.
x y x y

5n  2  35(5n 1 )
○
4 8.
18(5n 1 )
=

1 1 1
A. B. C. D. 5 E. 5n
18 15 5

1
○
5 34. If 0 < x < 1, which of x, x2,
x
, x is the smallest? Which is the largest?

1
A. x is smallest, x2 is largest B. is smallest, x2 is largest
x
1 1
C. x is smallest, is largest D. x2 is smallest, is largest
x x
E. x2 is smallest, x is largest

HKCEE 1981’
( a 2 b 3 ) 2
○
6 1.
a  2b
=

A. a2b7 B. a2b5 C. a6b2 D. a6b6 E. a6b7

○
7 4. (2x)x =
x 2
A. 2( x )
B. 2x  xx C. 2xx D. 22x E. 2( x )

7
HKCEE 1981’

○
8 8. If log10x + log104 = log10(x + 4), what is the value of x?

4
A. 0 B. 1 C. D. 4
3
E. x may be any positive number.

HKCEE 1982’
82 x  43 x
○
9 2.
2 x  16 2 x
=

A. 23x B. 22x C. 2x D. 8 E. 1

○
10 3. (a2  3b1)1 =

3a 2  b 3a 2  b 3b  a 2 3a 2b 3a 2b
A. B. C. D. E.
a 2b a 2b a 2b b  3a 2 3b  a 2

○
11 5. If 10kx + a = P, then x =

1 Pa 1
A. (10P  a). B. log10 . C. log10P  a.
k k k
1 1
D. (log10P  a). E. (log10P + a).
k k

○
12 30. log10 ( xlog10 x ) =
2
A. (log10x)2 B. log10(x2) C. xlog10x D. log10(log10x) E. 10 x

HKCEE 1983’
1

○
13 4. (x2y1)  ( x y1)2 =
2

1 1

A. xy B. xy1 C. xy3 D. 2
x y 2
E. x 2
y2

8
HKCEE 1983’

○
14 36. If a and b are positive numbers, which of the following is/are true?

I. log10(a + b) = log10a + log10b

a
II. log10 = log10a  log10b
b
log10 a a
III. =
log10 b b
A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only E. I, II and III

HKCEE 1984’

○
15 3. (2n + 1)2  (22n  1)  4n =
2
 2n 2
2n
A. 1 B. 22n  1 C. 2n D. 2n E. 22n + 1

HKCEE 1985’

○
16 4. ( x  y)1 ( x 2  y 2 ) 

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A. 3
 3 B. 2
 2 C. 2
 2 D. 2
 2 E. 2
 2
x y x y xy xy x y x y x y xy

○
17 8. log10 (a 2  b2 ) 

log10 a
A. B. 2 log10 (a  b) C. 2 log10 a  2 log10 b
log10 b
D. log10 (a  b)  log10 (a  b) E. (log10 a  log10 b)(log10 a  log10 b)

HKCEE 1986’

○
18 29. If (10x)y =(2z)(5z), then which of the following must be true

A. xy = z B. xy = 2z C. xy = z2 D. xy = z E. xy = 2z

○
19 33. If log x2 + log y2 = log z2, where x, y and z are positive numbers, which of the following

must be true?
I. x2 + y2 = z2
II. log x + log y = log z
III. x2y2 = z2
A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only E. II and III only

9
HKCEE 1987’

○
20 7. If 32k + 1 = 32k + 6, then k =

1 1 1 1
A.  . B.  . C. . D. . E. 3.
4 2 4 2

○
21 44. Let n be a positive integer. Which of the following number is/are odd?

I. 22n + 1
II. 2n + 1
III. 3(2n)
A. I only B. II only C. III only D. II and III only E. I, II and III

HKCEE 1988’
2 n  4  2( 2 n )
○
22 1. Simplify
2( 2 n  3 )
.

7 7 1
A. B. C. 1  2n+1 D. 2n+4  E. 2n+1
8 4 8

○
23 35. If log a > 0 and log b < 0, which of the following is/are true?

a
I. log >0
b
II. log b2 > 0
1
III. log >0
a
A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only E. II and III only

HKCEE 1989’

○
24 1. 3n  1  3n + 1=
2
1 2
1
A. 3n B. 9n C. 32n D. 62n E. 92n

(1  x 2 ) n  (1  x) n
○
25 41.
(1  x) 2 n
=

(1  x) n  1 2  x  x2 (1  x) n  1 (1  x) n  1 2  x n  x 2n
A. B. C. D. E.
(1  x) n (1  x) 2 (1  x) 2 (1  x) n 1  x2n

10
HKCEE 1989’

○
26 42. log4 2 2 =
3 3
3 3 1
A. B. C. D. 2 4
E. 2 8
8 4 4

HKCEE 1990’

○
27 1. (a2n)3 =
3 3 3
A. a6n B. a8n C. a 2n D. a 6n E. a8n

1
○
28 5. If 2 = 10p, 3 = 10q, express log
6
in terms of p and q.
1 1
A. –p–q B. C. D. pq E. p+q
pq pq

HKCEE 1991’
○
29 1. (a2a) (3a4a) =
A. 3a6a B. (3a)6a C. 3a8a D. 4a6a E. (34a)(a6a)

○
30 34. If log x : log y = m : n, then x =
m
my m log y
A. . B. (m – n)y. C. m – n + y. D. y .
n
E. .
n n

HKCEE 1992’
1
○
31 5. If log10 b = 1 +
2
log10 a, then b =
a a
A. 10 a . B. 10 + a . C. 5a. D. . E. 1+ .
2 2

 
n tim es

n  n  n
○
32 8. Simplify
n n  n
.
 
n term s
n
n–2 n
A. n B. n 2
C. n–2 D. E. 1
2

○
33 9. If a and b are greater than 1, which of the following statements is / are true?
I. ab  a  b
II. (a–1 + b–1) –1 = a + b
III. a2b3 = (ab) 6
A. I only B. II only C. III only D. I and II only E. None of them

11
HKCEE 1993’
○
34 8. If log (p + q) = log p + log q, then
q q q 1 q 1
A. p = q = 1. B. p . C. p . D. p . E. p .
q 1 q 1 q q

○
35 34. If 9x+2 = 36, then 3x =
2 4
A. B. C. 2 D. 6 E. 9
3 3

HKCEE 1994’
○
36 33. (3 x) 2 =
3x  3x  2
2
A. B. C. 32 x D. 6x E. 92 x

○
37 34. If log 2 = a and log 9 = b, then log 12 =
1 1
b b 2 2
A. 2a  . B. 2a  . C. a b. D. a b .
2 2
E. ab .2 2
3 2 3 3

HKCEE 1995’
2

 a6  3
○
38 4. Simplify  12  .
b 
b8 b18 a4 a9 1
A. B. C. D. E. 4 12
a4 a9 b8 b18 ab

c c
○
39 38. If 5a = 2b = 10c and a, b, c are non-zero, then  
a b
7 1 1
A. . B. 1. C. 7. D. log 7. E.  .
10 log 2 log 5

HKCEE 1996’
27 x
○
40 2.
3y

x 3x
9x
A. B. 9 y
C. 9 x y
D. 3 y
E. 33 x y
y

○
41 38. Let x > y > 0. If log (x + y) = a and log (x – y) = b, then log x 2  y 2 =
ab ab
A. . B. . C. ab. D. ab . E. a b.
2 2

HKCEE 1997’
○
42 2. If 2 x  8x  64 , then x =
3 3 6
A. . B. . C. . D. 2. E. 4.
2 4 5

12
HKCEE 1997’
○
43 5. If log (x + a) = 2, then x =
100
A. 2 – a. B. 100 – a. C. . D. 2 – log a. E. 100 – log a.
a

HKCEE 1998’

○
44 7.
2  m 2

8m
2 3 m 3 m
2 m
2 2
A. B. C. 2m D. 2m E. 2 2m
3

○
45 40. Suppose log10 2 = a and log10 3 = b. Express log10 15 in terms of a and b.
10b
A. –a+b+1 B. – a + 10b C. a + 2b D. (a + b) b E.
a

HKCEE 1999’
○
46 4. If 4x = a, then 16x =
A. 4a. B. a2. C. a4. D. 2a. E. 4a.

1
○
47 39. If
2
log y = 1 + log x, then

A. y= 10 x . B. y = 100 + x2. C. y = (10 + x)2. D. y = 10x2. E. y = 100x2.

HKCEE 2000’

○
48 3. Simplify
a b 
3 1 2
.
a b 
1 2 4

1 1 1 1 a4
A. B. C. D. E.
ab3 2 3
ab 2 6
ab 2 9
ab b6

○
49 38. If log (x – a) = 3, then x =
A. 103+a. B. a3. C. 1000a. D. 1000 + a. E. 30 + a.

HKCEE 2001’
a n  2  a n 1
○
50 10.
an2
=
1
A. an–1 B. an–2 (1 + a) C. 1 + an–1 D. 1+ E. 1+ a
a

○
51 37. If log x2 = (log x)2, then x =
A. 1. B. 10. C. 100. D. 1 or 10. E. 1 or 100.

HKCEE 2002’
○
52 3. 2x  8 y 
A. 2x+3y B. 23xy C. 16x+y D. 16xy

13
HKCEE 2002’
○
53 40. If log x2 = log 3x + 1, then x=
A. 2. B. 5. C. 30. D. 0 or 30.

HKCEE 2003’
○
54 4. 3x  9 y 
A. 3x  2 y B. 3x 3 y C. 27 x y D. 27 xy

○
55 40. If 10a + b = c, then b =
c
A. log c – a. B. a – log c. C. a. D. c – 10a.
10

HKCEE 2004’
22 n  9n
○
56 1.
3n
=

A. 62 n B. 63n C. 12 n D. 12 2 n

7
○
57 39. If 5 = 10a and 7 = 10b, then log
50

b b
A. b – a – 1. B. b – a + 1. C. . D. .
a a 1

HKCEE 2005’
○
58 1. a  a a  a  
A. a4 B. 2a 3 C. a3  a D. 3a 2  a

○
59 39. If a and b are positive integers, then log (abba) =
A. ab log(ab). B. ab (log a)(log b).
C. (a + b)log(a + b). D. b log a + a log b.

HKCEE 2006’
○
60 1. 2x3  x 3 
A. 6x 6 B. 8x6 C. 6x9 D. 8x9

a
○
61 38. Let a and b be positive numbers. If log
10
 2 log b , then a =
A. 10b2. B. 20b. C. b2 + 10. D. 2b + 10.

HKCEE 2007’
○
62 1. If n is a positive integer, then 3 2 n  4 n 
A. 62n. B. 63n. C. 122n. D. 123n.

14
HKCEE 2008’
888
1
○
63 1.    2887 
2
A. 2 B.  0.5 C. 0 D. 0.5

HKCEE 2009’
○
64 1. 2 n  3n 
A. 5n B. 6n C. 8n D. 9n

HKCEE 2010’
500

○
65 2.
1
  3 
500 3

9
A. 0 B. 3500 C. 6 500 D. 18500

1 b
○
66 39. If a and b are positive numbers, then
3

a

a
b ab ab a 3b
A. . B. . C. . D. .
ab b ab b

HKCEE 2011’
 1
333

○
67 1. 5 334
  
 5 
A. 5 B.  0.2 C. 0 D. 5

HKDSE 2012’
(2 x 4 )3
○
68 1.
2 x5


A. 3x 2 B. 3x 7 C. 4x 7 D. 4x 59

HKDSE 2013’

○
69 1. (27  9 n 1 ) 3 

A. 36 n 12 B. 36 n 15 C. 39 n 12 D. 39 n 18

HKDSE 2014’
○
70 1. (2n 3 ) 5 
1 1 1 1
A. B. C. D.
32 n 2 32 n15 10 n125 10 n 243

HKDSE 2015’
(3 y 6 ) 4
○
71 2.
3y 2


A. A. 4y5. B. 4y8 . C. 27 y 12 . D. 27 y 22 .

15
HKDSE 2015’

○
72 32. The graph in the figure shows the linear relation between log 3 x and log 3 y . Which of

the following must be true?

A. x y  729
2 3
B. x 3 y 2  729
C. x 2  y 3  729 D. x 3  y 2  729

16