The Day of Judgment

(Aakhirat)

Islamic Studies
HUM-110
 Hereafter
• Meaning:
– Which comes later
– Hadith
• Concept:
– Result declaration day
• Root:
– Exists in every religion, except Atheism
• Islām, Christianity, Judaism
• Hinduism, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism etc.

• Most controversial concept in the eyes of non-believers

– Bones cannot regenerate after decaying

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 Proof of Hereafter
• If there is no Hereafter, then following cannot
be explained:
1. Recording of thoughts and actions
2. Complete Justice does not prevail
3. Good vs Evil
4. Fulfilling wishes
5. Perfection of worlds

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 The Doomsday
1. First blow of trumpet (‫)نفخہ اولی‬
– The Doomsday

– Very less information

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 Doomsday in Quran
ُ‫ َوإِذَا البِ َحار‬o ُ‫ َوإِذَا الك ََوا ِكبُ انتَث َ َرت‬o ُ‫الس َماءُ ان َف َط َرت‬
َ ‫إِذَا‬
ُ‫ عَلِ َمتُ نَفسُ َما قَد ََمتُ َوأ َ َخ َرت‬o ُ‫ َوإِذَا القبورُ بعثِ َرت‬oُ‫ف ِج َرت‬
)5-1 :‫(االنفطار‬
“When the sky breaks apart {o} When the
planets are scattered {o} When the oceans are
exploded {o} When the tombs are strewn
around {o} Each soul will know what it has
advanced, and what it has deferred”
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 Doomsday in Quran
ُ ‫ َوإِذَا اْلَر‬o ُ‫ َوأ َ ِذنَتُ ِل َر ِبِّ َها َوحُقَّت‬o ُ‫شقَّت‬
‫ض‬ َّ ‫ِإذَا ال‬
َ ‫س َماءُ ان‬
ُ‫ َوأ َ ِذنَتُ ِل َر ِبِّ َها َُوحقَّت‬o ُ‫ َوأَلقَتُ َما ِفي َها َوت َ َخلَّت‬o ُ‫مدَّت‬
)5-1 :‫(االنشقاق‬
“When the sky is raptured {o} And listens and
obeys its Lord and it must do so {o} And when the
earth is leveled out {o} And has cast out all that
was in it and become empty {o} And listens and
obeys its Lord and it must do so “

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 Doomsday in Quran
ُ ‫ يَو َُم يَك‬o ُ‫عة‬
‫ون‬ َُ ‫ار‬ َُ ‫ َو َما أَد َر‬o ُ‫عة‬
ِ َ‫اك َما الق‬ ِ َ‫ َما الق‬o ُ‫عة‬
َ ‫ار‬ ِ َ‫الق‬
َ ‫ار‬
ِ ‫ن ال َمنف‬
ُ‫وش‬ ُِ ‫ َوتَكونُ ال ِجبَالُ َكالُ ِعه‬o ُِ‫اش ال َمبثوث‬ ُ ِ ‫النَّاسُ َكالفَ َر‬
)5-1 :‫(القارعۃ‬
“The striking hour {o} What is the striking
hour? {o} And what will make you know what
the striking hour is? {o} It is a day when
mankind will be like scattered moths{o} And
the mountains will be like carded wool”
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 Doomsday in Hadith
The Hour will not be established until 'Allah,
Allah is not said on the earth (Jami’ Tirmidhi)

Allah will hold the whole earth, and roll all the
heavens up in His Right Hand, and then He will
say, 'I am the King; where are the kings of the
earth? (Sahih Bukhari)

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 Doomsday in Hadith
A breeze will kill believer

On worst people

Qayamah will come suddenly

Earth and skies in right hand

A period of 40 after first blow

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 The Judgment Day
2. Second blow of trumpet (‫)نفخہ ثانیہ‬
– The Resurrection Day
َ ‫ُر ِبِّ ِهمُُيَن ِسل‬
ُ‫ون‬ ِ ‫ُاْل َجدَا‬
َ ‫ثُ ِإلَ ٰى‬ ِّ ِ ‫ورُفَإِذَاُه‬
ُ ‫مُم َن‬ ِ ‫ص‬ُّ ‫َون ِف َخُفِيُال‬
)51ُ:‫(يس‬
“The Trumpet will be blown, then behold, they will
rush from the tombs to their Lord”
– Non-believers: Who woke up form our rest places

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 Judgment Day in Quran
ُ ‫ َع ِل َم‬o ‫ت‬
ُ‫ت نَفسُ َّما قَدَّ َُمتُ َوأَ َّخ َرت‬ ُ ‫َو ِإذَا القبورُ بعثِ َر‬
)5-4 :‫(االنفطار‬
“And when the Graves are turned upside
down. Then every soul shall now it has sent
forward and (what it has) kept back”

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 Judgment Day in Quran
:‫َوآيَ ُة لَّهمُ اْلَرضُ ال َميت َ ُة أَحيَينَا َُها َوأَخ َرجنَا ِمن َها َحبًّا فَ ِمن ُه يَأكلو َنُ (يس‬
)33
“And there is a sign for them in the dead land: We
give it life, and produce from it grains from which
they eat”

(ۖ َُ ‫ قلُ يحيِي َها الَّ ِذي أَنشَأَهَا أ َ َّو‬o ‫يم‬

ُ ُ‫ل َم َّرة‬ ُ ‫ي َر ِم‬
َُ ‫ام َو ِه‬ َ ‫ل َمن يح ِيي ال ِع‬
َُ ‫ظ‬ َُ ‫قَا‬
)79-78 :‫يس‬
He says, Who will revive the bones when they have
decayed? {o} Say, He who initiated them in the first
instance will revive them”

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 Judgment Day in Hadith
If anyone drinks poison, the poison will be in his hand (on the
Day of Judgement) and he will drink it in Hell-fire and he will
live in it eternally. (Sunan Abu Dawud)

The Prophet (PBUH) said: "Between the two blowing of the

trumpet there will be forty." The people said, "O Abu Huraira!
Forty days?" I refused to reply. They said, "Forty years?" I
refused to reply and added: Everything of the human body will
decay except the coccyx bone (of the tail) and from that bone
Allah will reconstruct the whole body. (Sahih Bukhari)

Moses with the throne of God

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 Eternity of Paradise and Hell
Paradise:
• Life in Paradise is forever

ُ‫جنَّات‬
َُ ُ‫سند ِخلهم‬ َ ُ‫ت‬ ِ ‫صاُِل َحا‬
َّ ‫واُو َع ِملواُال‬
َ ‫ن‬‫م‬َ ‫ُآ‬ ‫ين‬
َ ‫ذ‬ِ َّ ‫َوال‬
ُ:‫ينُفِي َهاُأ َ َبدًا (النساء‬ َُ ُ‫يُمنُتَحتِ َهاُاْلَن َهار‬
َ ‫خا ِل ِد‬ ِ ‫تَج ِر‬
)122
And for those who believe and do righteous deeds,
We will admit them into gardens beneath which
rivers flow, where they will abide forever.
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 Eternity of Paradise and Hell
Hell:

1. Life in Hell is forever (popular opinion)

“When the people of Paradise have entered
Paradise and the people of the Fire have entered the
Fire, death will be brought and will be placed
between the Fire and Paradise, and then it will be
slaughtered, and a call will be made (that), 'O
people of Paradise, no more death ! O people of the
Fire, no more death” (Sahih Bukhari)
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 Eternity of Paradise and Hell
2. Life in Hell is not forever

Qurʾān:
• Five verses indicate forever punishment
– Generally the word ‘forever’ (‫ )ابدا‬is missing
– Exceptional rule is also created in Qurʾān

َّ ‫النَّارُ َمث َواكمُخَا ِلدِينَ ُفِي َهاُ ِإ َّالُ َماُشَا َُء‬

)128ُ:‫اَّللُُ (االنعام‬
The Fire is your dwelling, wherein you will remain, except as God wills
– Everything is written in Book

َُّ ِ‫ُو َالُأَكبَ َرُإ‬ ٰ ِ ‫اءُو َالُأَصَ ََر‬ ِ ‫نُمثقَا ِلُذَ َّرةُفِيُاْلَر‬
ُ‫الُفِيُ ِكت َابُ ُّمبِين‬ َ ‫ُمنُذَ ِل َك‬ َُّ ‫ُو َالُفِيُال‬
َ ِ ‫س َم‬ َ ‫ض‬ ِّ ِ ‫ُم‬
ِ ‫نُربِ َِّك‬
َّ ‫ع‬َ ُ‫َو َماُيَعزب‬
– “Long duration” is mentioned in Quran

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 Eternity of Paradise and Hell
Hadith:
• Abu Umama (R.A): Hell would like be a leaf in autumn and its doors would be opened
• Jabir (R.A): Doors will be opened and it will be empty
• Umar (R.A): Even grains in deserts are limited
• Abdullah Bin Amr (R.A): Its empty doors will produce sound

Logic:
• Reward is forever but punishment is not forever
• Everything in the world is counted
– Finite crime and infinite punishment is not justice
• Crime and punishment should be equal and justified

Solution:
Opinion of Majadad Alif Thani
– Like Animals

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 Effects of the Concept of the Day of
Judgement
1. Temptation of good deeds
2. Avoiding evil deeds
3. Bravery
4. Patience
5. Sense of responsibility
6. Sustaining the systems of world

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 Additional Reading

Seerat un Nabi Vol. 3, P. 374-500

Islamic Education – A. S. Bukhari

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