NAME - Manas Batta

CLASS- XI – CA

ID – 6926

Topic – Commerce project

SCHOOL: The Sanskaar Valley

School
Teacher – Mrs. Anuja Kumar Maam
 CERTIFICATE
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT MANAS BATTA
OF CLASS XI HAS SUCCESSFULLY
COMPLETED (Commerce )PROJECT ON
THE TOPIC
"TYPES OF INDUSTRIES & E-BUSSINESS"
AS PRESCRIBED BY “MRS.ANUJA KUMAR
MAAM”, DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR
2021-2022 AS PER THE GUIDELINES
ISSUED BY INDIAN

CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY

EXAMINATION.ISC
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special

thanks of gratitude to my commerce
teacher “ Mrs. Anuja kumar ” for
their able guidance and support in
completing my project.

I would also like to extend my

gratitude to the principal Sir
“Mr. Dilip Kumar Panda ”for
providing me with all the facility
that was required.

Manas Batta..
 INDEX

S.no Topic Page.no

1. About the 2.
industries
2.
Introduction to the 3.
3. topic
4. Primary Industry 5.
Secondary
5. industry 7.
6. Tertiary industry 9.
7. Conclusion 18.
8. Bibliography 19
 INDUSTRIES

What Is an Industry?
An industry is a group of companies that are related based on
their primary business activities. In modern economies, there
are dozens of industry classifications. Industry classifications
are typically grouped into larger categories called sectors.
Individual companies are generally classified into an industry
based on their largest sources of revenue. For example, while
an automobile manufacturer might have a financing division
that contributes 10% to the firm's overall revenues, the
company would be classified in the automaker industry by
most classification systems.
KEY TAKEAWAYS

 Similar companies are grouped together into

industries, and there are a number of different
industries, such as department stores and
shoemakers.
 Industry grouping is based on the primary
product that a company makes are sells.
Meanwhile, industries are grouped together
into sectors.
 The North American Industry Classification
System is the standard classification system
used by government agencies to organize
companies into sectors or industries.
 ABOUT THE PRODUCT

NESTLE MAGGIE
 How it is invented?
Everyone is familiar with Maggi, a ready in 2 minutes
noodles. Maggi is extremely popular among children as well
as the elderly. However, very few people are aware of when
and where Maggi was first made? Who gave Maggi, the
two-minute noodles tag? Why was it not banned even after
all the controversies? How does Maggi continue to be the
choice of millions of hearts even today? Know the full story
behind Maggi here.
Julius Maggi, from Switzerland, named the company Maggi
in 1872. Experts point out that it was a period of the
industrial revolution in Switzerland. At that time, women
had to go home and cook after working long hours in
factories. In such a difficult time, the Swiss Public Welfare
Society had taken the help of Julius Maggie, and Maggi
noodles was born under compulsion. In the meantime, Julius
named the product after her surname. His full name was
Julius Michael Johannes Maggi. In the year 1897, Maggi
noodles were first introduced in Germany.
Initially, Julius made a protein-rich food and readymade
soup. His physician friend, Fridoline Schuler, helped him a
lot, and Maggi, which was formed in two minutes and was
very fond of it. By 1912, Maggi went United States and
France. But this year, Julius Maggie passed away. Then
came 1947, when Nestle bought Maggie and its branding
and marketing drove Maggie to every home kitchen.
 How Maggie got its name ?

Maggi's entry into the Indian market has been 37

years. Maggi, who came to the market in 1984, would
never have imagined herself would get so much love.
Nesley India Limited is the only company that
brought it to India. Maggie, which is formed in
minutes, is like everyone. In 1947, the brand Maggi
was merged with Nestle, a Swiss company, which has
been The Most Famous Brand of Maggi Nestle ever
since. Nestle India spends nearly Rs 100 crore on
advertising, with Maggi's highest share. Maggi, one of
India's most valued brands, is actually an associate
brand of Nestle, a well-known Swiss company, but
most people consider Nestle to be the original brand.
 PRIMARY INDUSTRY
Primary industry is defined as an industry that is concerned with
extracting the natural resources on the earth so that they can be
converted into consumable products. It can be the mining of natural
resources like wood, iron, coal, minerals, agriculture industry, and
even fisheries.
Meaning of primary industry
primary industries are identified as those industries that can
produce the raw materials for other sectors. It is concerned
with the removal and collection of resources that are
considered natural. The best thing about these resources is that
they can be further processed to create finished products.

The primary industry makes up for a large chunk of

developing countries as the economy is, to a great extent,
dependent on it. Comparatively the economy of developing
countries is not as dependent on primary industries as others.

People working in the primary industries are often referred to

as working in the primary sector. It is a proven fact that as a
country starts developing, its reliability on primary industry
starts minimizing and dependence on secondary and tertiary
industries start increasing.

Ethiopia is an example of a developing country where 88% of

employment is to be found in primary industries, 10% in
Tertiary and 2% in Secondary industries.

A common example of a developed country is The United

Kingdom where employment in Primary industry is only 3%,
in the Quaternary industry is 2%, Secondary industry is 25%,
and Tertiary industry is 70%.
 Types of the primary industry
1. Farming
Agriculture is one of the businesses that belong to the primary industry. It is the art
of creating raw food with the help of farming. The major products are divided as raw
materials, fibers, food and fuel, and the food class include eggs, fungi, milk, meat,
oil, fruits, and vegetables. More than 1/3 rd of the workforce in the earth is
still employed in agriculture or farming sector.

2. Forestry

It is the conserving, managing, repairing, using and harvesting of woodlands,

forests, and associated resources for environmental and human advantage.

It is practiced in natural stands as well as plantations. Where raw materials like

bamboo and raw timber are used to build and construct buildings.

Even its by-product pulp is very vital as it is used to create paper. Modern forestry
also includes fuelwood, landscape, and wildlife habitat. It is considered a very
vital economic segment in industrial countries.

3. Mining
Mining deals in extracting
metals, gemstones, and
secondary industry relies
mining for manufacturing
products.
raw materials like clay, silt, rock,
minerals from the earth. The
heavily on raw materials from
and producing lots of important

Lithium for batteries and steel for building are important

examples of primary products that are later developed by
secondary industry.
 PRIMARY INDUSTRY OF MAGGIE

Maggi noodles are one of the famous

noodles brands in the world. They
are prepared in the same way as
people prepare bread.
The Ingredients required for making these
noodles are :
1. Monosodium Glutamate

2.Palm Oil

3.Flour

4.Sugar

5.Salt

6.Seasoning
 Secondary Industry of Maggie
In which know how it make and there
packaging process :

1. . Feeder System:
The machine has a feeder system. It utilizes a
vacuum distributor through which the flour is
moved to the mixer.
2. Mixing

There is a motor drive gear present in this

machine. It moves the campaigner tube to prepare
the dough. Water is mixed properly with the flour
with the help of the mixer. When the dough is
ready than the motor moves the roller to drive the
belt. After that, the dough is shifted to the belt.
Next, the mixer spreads the dough evenly into the
compounding part of the machine.

3. Compound Process

With the help of the dough distributor, the

dough is transferred to the compounding part
of the bowl noodles packaging machine. First
of all, it presses the dough properly. After that,
it separates the dough into two pieces. The
compounding process is imperative to enhance
the flavor and taste of the noodles.
4. Slitting

When the compounding process ends then the dough is

moved to the slitter of the noodles cutting machine.
There is a rotating cutter in the slitter which cuts down
the dough sheet properly.

5. Steaming

There is a multilayer steam box embedded in the

machine. It is quite useful as in the box; the noodles are
steamed for one to five minutes at 100-degree centigrade.
With the help of steam, the starch present in the noodles
becomes digestible.

6. Cutting

After the process of steaming, the noodles are cut into

the required shape and length. The compressed air is
blown on the noodles to shape them up appropriately.

7. Frying Process

The perfectly shaped noodles are dewatered at the

temperature of 140-degree centigrade. For that reason,
the moisture content is condensed to 4-6 percent. Also,
the starch is more gelatinized.

8. Cooling & Packaging Process

In the end, the Noodle Making Machine blows cool air

on the noodles. Afterward, they are properly sealed
efficiently. The conveyor belt of the machine then sends
these sealed noodles to the packaging area. In this area,
the noodles are packed up in the packets.
 Tertiary Industry
What Is the Tertiary Industry?
The tertiary industry is a technical name for the service
sector of the economy, which encompasses a wide range of
businesses, including financial institution, schools, hotels, and
restaurants.
The tertiary industry is one of three primary industrial types in
a developed economy, the other two being the primary (i.e.,
raw materials), and secondary (i.e., goods production)
industries. As an economy becomes more developed, it tends
to shift its focus from primary to secondary and tertiary
industries.
KEY TAKEAWAYS

 The tertiary industry is the services sector of

an economy, encompassing medical providers,
educators, financial services, haircuts, and
personal trainers, among many others.
 The tertiary sector can be subdivided broadly
into for-profit and nonprofit segments.
 Economists have found that as a nation's
economy grows and develops, the tertiary
sector becomes larger while the primary sector
that produces raw materials shrinks.
 The service sector is now the largest sector of
the global economy in terms of value-added
and is especially important in more advanced
economies.
 TERTIARY INDUSTRY MAGGIE
Maggie also belongs to the tertiary industry, which is
sometimes known as the 'service sector' or the 'service
industry'. This is because the tertiary industry involves
the
service of selling the businesses products, which is what
Maggie revolves around.
Once the production is completed in the factories, It
is packed in its packet properly as told earlier.
The factory , on completion of production may store the
product in warehouses or sell them to vending partners
through trucks and other means of transport who sell it
to
the retailer later on. The retailer is the one who
hands the
product over to the final consumer.
The Producer works closely with suppliers- grocery
stores,
restaurants, convenience stores, amongst many others-
to
execute localized strategies developed in
partnership with
Maggie. More precisely, although Nestle is a global
company, its products never have to travel far to reach
the final consumer, making the product more local
than you may
think, the product is made local to the market where it is sold.
 CONCLUSION

I would like to conclude my project by

mentioning that all products include three
industries in their production . The primary
industry comes foremost which includes the
raw materials and their production. They are
of two types : genetic and extractive. After
that comes secondary industry which includes
the utilisation of those raw materials.
Secondary industry is of two types :
Manufacturing (analytical , synthetical,
processing and assembling) and Construction.
After that there comes the Tertiary industry
which provides support to Primary and
Secondary industries. They include transport,
warehousing , insurance etc. If one of these
industries is missing the product would not be
able to establish its existence.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.google.com

https://www.wikipedia.org

www.nestle.in

S CHAND’S ISC COMMERCE VOLUME 1

CLASS 11
NAME - Manas Batta

CLASS- XI – CA

ID – 6926

Topic – Commerce project

SCHOOL: The Sanskaar Valley

School

Teacher – Mrs. Anuja Kumar Maam

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 I would like to express my special
thanks of gratitude to my commerce
teacher “ Mrs. Anuja kumar ” for their
able guidance and support in
completing my project.

I would also like to extend my gratitude to

the principal Sir “Mr.Dilip Kumar
Panda”for providing me with all the
facility that was required.

Manas Batta…

Topic
Visit a company that is involved in e-business or a
consultancy,which helps in developing websites
for such companies.
Study different aspects they keep in mind while
preparing business plans for e business. Include
information regarding the payment machines,
security and safety of business transactions.
The risks involved in e-business should also be
covered. Also includes the steps they follow
while implementing the plan and starting the
business.

E-BUSINESS
E-business enables an enterprise to spread its wings to the global customer. To
extend the sales platform to a futuristic dimension, business houses have
incorporated software that can run on platforms offered by the World Wide
Web. E-business has now penetrated into consumer goods and other
production and service based industries. IPSR solution Web Application
Division has proven expertise in creating customized solutions that can
manage web based Business Logistics perfectly.

LIMITATIONS OF E-BUSINESS
SYSTEM

The limitations of e-business can be classified as

technological and non-technological.
Technical limitations-
• Lack of sufficient system is standards, reliability, security and
communication protocols.

• Not enough telecommunication bandwidth.

• The software development tools are still evolving and

changing rapidly.

• Integrating the internet and electronic commerce software with

databases and applications difficulty.

• Additional cost to request special web servers and other infrastructures, in addition to
the network servers.

Non-technical limitations-
• Lack of feel and touch online.
• Many complicated legal issues.

• Rapidly changing and evolving e-business.

• Lack of support services.

• Insufficiently large enough number of sellers and buyers.

• Inconvenient and expensive accessibility to the internet.

Objective of E-business
❖ Improve service.

❖ Save time-Time taken by customers.

-Elapsed time for process.

❖ Reduce process errors.

❖ Reduce the cost of core service provision.

❖ Free staff to provide value added services.

Improve morale- give people the tools and time they need

ADVANTAGES
The benefits of implementing E-Business tools is not so much in the
use of technology, as in the streamlining of business processes and
the ease in finding new markets.
Some of the advantages include:

• Quicker and easier communication.

• Strengthened marketing capabilities and reach.

• Increased hours of operation.

• Access to broader information through research.

Reducing the cost of doing business by lowering transaction costs and increasing
efficient methods for payment, such as using online banking and reducing stationery
and postage costs.

SCOPE AND RESULT

The scope of E-business is as wide as an ocean and thereby the
implementation hurdles. When one thinks of the electronic
business even through final goal remains the same as that of the
traditional business, but the way in which they function in order to
improve the performance is different. As information sharing is
the major part of the corporate industries, networking has given
boost to e-business. This change in view- point has opened door
for new opportunities. Nationalized and private banks agrees that
adopting e-business as a strategy is one of the important steps the
banks has taken in its development due to the tremendous benefits
e- business adoption provides. According to them their perceived
benefits include convenience to customers, speed and quality of
service, reduction of queues in banking halls and reduction in the
total overhead cost such as reduction in employee recruitment and
reduction in space for clients and customers. Some factors are:-
• The research provides powerful, real time E-Business reporting to

help E-Business managers improve merchandising and increase sales.

• The research is very much useful to get the lifetime value of your customers
based upon their acquisition source, and increase your expenditures on sources
that generate the best customers overlifetime.
• It helps to determine whether online competitors can significantly harm
your business by providing some of the value you currently offer customers
in the traditional way. It helps the managers to improve the business by
enhancing their functionalities as compared with their competitors.
 SUCCESS AND FAILURE FACTORS
OF E- BUSINESS
E-Business and E-service will move to the forefront of technology priorities.
To take full advantage of the E-service, you need to look at
your organization from an alternative perspective. The question is how to deal
with these changes, at what cost, and at what speed. This is not the time to
worry about “disintermediation”. It is the time for cooperation, integration,
and the consideration of customer loyalty, profitability and competition
advantage.

TRANSACTION MEDIUM
Most e-commerce is done over the internet. But EC can also be converted on
private networks, such as value-added networks(VANs, networks that add
communication services to existing common carriers), on local area networks
(LANs) or wide area networks(WANs).

E-BUSINESS TRANSACTION TYPES

• Business-to-business(B2B)
• Collaborative commerce(e-commerce)
• Business-to-consumers(B2C)
• Consumers-to-businesses(C2B)
• Consumer-to-consumer(C2C)
• Intra-business commerce
• Governed-to-citizens(G2C)
• Mobile commerce(m-commerce)

HOW IS E-BUSINESS DIFFERENT

• Reduction in physical boundaries and distance.
• Serve larger customer base more efficiently.
• Target specific customer groups.
• The internet is an interactive marketing medium.
• More detailed information on customer transactions.
• Improved transaction efficiency.

CONSUMERS TO CONSUMERS (C2C)

C2C stands for consumer to consumer electronic commerce. The
internet has facilitated new types of C2C although it is important to
note that this kind of commerce- in the form of barter, yard sales, flea
markets, swap meets, and the like- has existed since time
immemorial. Notably, most of the highly successful C2C examples
using the internet actually use some type of corporate intermediary
and are thus not strictly “pure play” examples of C2C.

BUSINESS TO BUSINESS (B2B)

B2B stands for “business-to-business” as in business doing business
with other businesses. The term is most commonly used in
connection with e-commerce and advertising, when you are targeting
as opposed to consumers. On the internet, B2B is the exchange of
products, services or information between businesses. B2B is e-
commerce between businesses.
BUSINESS TO CONSUMERS (B2C)

B stands for transaction activities involving two business entities. B2C stands
for transaction activities involving a business and a consumer.Electronic
commerce comprises commercial transactions, involving both organizations
individuals. From the technical point of view e-commerce is the processing
and transmission of digitized data. E-commerce decreases the distance
between producers and consumers. Consumers can make their purchase
without entering a traditional shop.

DEMAND FOR PEOPLE WITH SKILLS IN E-

BUSINESS
• Business studies programmed should have a significant information
technology content.
• Business studies programmed should have an e-business orientation that
permeates all subjects studied.
• There is a need for business schools to have a proportion of information systems
programmed with a fairly equal mix of business and information technology
content.
• There is a requirement for the existing population of managers and
management.
• There is a major increase in demand for designers to work on web design, and for
people with a strong mix of design and technical skills.
• Many of these already working in print design need to acquire web design skills.
• As available bandwidth increases, the requirement for people to produce live action
and animated content will increase.
• Everyone entering employment should have IT skills.
• Third level graduates should ideally have an understanding of the business uses of
information technology

• dustry need to make existing employees IT literate, perhaps at an overall rate of

about 2% of employment per annum.

E-BUSINESS PROCESSES

Some fundamental e-business activities may infringe on patents.

Business processes, or the “method of doing business ” may be
patented, so that a business model may unwittingly include the
development or use of intellectual property owned by another party.
Patents have been freely awarded for even the most straight forward
business processes.
• Amazon.com has a patent for “one click” purchasing technology and its
“Affiliates” program.
• CyberGold has a patent for pay-per-view ads where the customer enjoys an
incentive for clicking on them.
• Open market has a patent on electronic shopping carts, on paying with carts, on
paying with credit cards using the secure socket layer encryption and on secure credit
card transactions. However, there are now several types of shopping carts.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

WWW.GOOGLE.COM

WWW.WIKIPEDIA.IN

CLASS 11 I.S.C COMMERCE BOOK