PRELIM EXAM

1. TRAVIZ AND MCKOY ARE PLAYED ROCK, PAPER, SCISSORS FOR

TEN TIMES, IT IS KNOWN THAT:
a. Traviz used three rocks, six scissors and one paper.
b. Mckoy used two rocks, four scissors and four papers.
c. There was never a tie.
d. The order that Traviz and Mckoy played their hands is not known.
e. Who wins the match and by how much?

SOLUTION:
DEDUCTIVE APPROACH
Identify the given assumption
Traviz = 3 rocks, 6 scissors, 1paper
Mckoy = 2 rocks, 4 scissors, 4 papers
Then , try to expand and evaluate the given assumptions using table or chart but
in this particular problem, table is most accurate approach.

Traviz Mckoy Name of the winner

Rock Scissors Traviz

Rock Scissors Traviz Traviz
Rock Scissors Traviz win 7
Scissors Paper Traviz times
Scissors Paper Traviz less
Scissors Paper Traviz
Scissors Paper Traviz
Scissors Rock Mckoy
Scissors Rock Mckoy
Paper Scissors Mckoy

Answer:
Traviz wins 7 times against Mckoy (3 wins)

2. EVERY MOOG IS A PROG. HALF OF THE GROPS ARE PROGS. HALF

OF ALL PROGS ARE POGIS. THERE ARE 40 GROPS AND 30 POGIS.
NO GROP IS POGI. HOW MANY PROGS ARE NEITHER POGI NOR
GROP?
SOLUTION:
 PROGS

GROPS
POGIS
20 20
30

MO
OGS

HINTS:
POGIS
PROGS
GROPS
MOOGS

In my analysis, I used different shapes to represent each assumptions:

So, Half of the GROPS are PROGS: 40 ÷ 2=20

And, half of all the PROGS are POGIS: 30
Wherein no GROP is POGI

Hence:
30-20 = 10

Answer:
There are 10 PROGS that are neither POGI nor GROP

3. IN ORDER TO ENCOURAGE HIS CHILD TO STUDY MATHEMATICS, MARK

A FATHER OF TWO, PROMISED HIS SON 8 PESOS FOR EVERY PROBLEM
SOLVED CORRECTLY AND TO FINE HIM 5 PESOS FOR EACH PROBLEM
DONE INCORRECTLY. AFTER 26 PROBLEMS, NEITHER OWED
ANYTHING TO THE OTHER. HOW MANY PROBLEMS DID THE BOY
SOLVE CORRECTLY?
SOLUTION:

2
 We can think of any variable to represents the given the assumption, so here
I would use the variable k and h wherein:
k is the number of correct problems, and
h for the number of wrong problems
After 26 problems, the boy doesn't owe anything. Therefore:
8 k – 5 h=0
Since the total number of the problem is 26, then the sum of the correct and
incorrect problems are equals to 26:

k + h=26
Now, solve the identified equation: First, we have to get the value of k
k +h=26
k =26 – h
Then, substitute the value of k from the 1st equation

8( 26−h)−5 h=0 208 – 8 h−5 h=0

−3 h=−208
h=16
Check: let h = 16 in the first equation.

8 k – 5 h=0
8 k – 5 ( 16 )=0
8 k =80
k =10

k + h=26 ; 10+16=26

Answer:
Therefore, the boy solved 10 problems CORRECTLY

4. IF TEN PEOPLE GET TO HAVE A HANDSHAKE WITH EACH OTHER

HOW MANY HANDSHAKES WILL TAKE PLACE?
SOLUTION:

There are several approaches to solve this particular problem and I prefer
the crudest approach.
Just get the sum of 1 to 9 ( since people will not have a handshake on their
own)
1+2+3+ 4 …+9=45

3
 Answer:
Therefore , there are 45 handshakes will take place

5. IN A TRUE-OR-FALSE TEST, TEN QUESTIONS ARE GIVEN. IN HOW

MANY WAYS CAN A STUDENT ANSWER THE QUESTIONS IF THE
STUDENT ANSWERS 5 OF THE QUESTIONS “TRUE” AND 5
QUESTIONS “FALSE”?
SOLUTION:

In this problem, we need to use the formula of COMBINATION in probability

n!
nCr=
r ! ( n−r ) !
So, the value of n will be the number of the given questions which is 10
and the value of r will be the number of answers that either true or false, here
we have 5 true answers and 5 false answers.

10 !
10 C 5=
5 ! ( 10−5 ) !

10 × 9× 8 ×7 ×6 × 5!
10 C 5=
5! ( 5 ) !

10 × 9× 8 ×7 ×6
10 C 5=
5 × 4 ×3 × 2× 1

10 C 5=252

Answer:
Hence , there are 252 ways can a student answer the question that
are either 5 true nor 5 false

6. A BADMINTON TOURNAMENT IS TO BE HELD UNDER A DOUBLE-

ROUND ROBIN SCHEME. MEANING EACH PLAYER WILL PLAY
EACH OF THE OTHER PLAYERS TWICE. IF THERE ARE 8 PLAYERS
IN ALL HOW MANY MATCHES SHALL BE PLAYED ACROSS THE
TOURNAMENT?
SOLUTION:
Similar to what I have shown in item number 4 you just have TO get the sum of 1 to 7,
1 +2+3+4+5+6+7 = 35

4
 Then, get the product of 8 and 2, since, the tournament Was held under a double round-
robin scheme
8 × 2 = 16
Finally, add the sum and the product of the 2 equation
35 + 16 = 56

Answer:
Therefore , there are 56 matches shall be played across the
tournament

7. DETERMINE THE 50 TH DIGIT TO THE RIGHT OF THE DECIMAL

7
POINT IN THE DECIMAL REPRESENTATION OF .
11
SOLUTION:
7
Simply, get the quotient of and identify what is the 50th digit from the given
11
fraction.

1st digit: ODD

7
=0.636363 …
11

2nd digit: EVEN

We observed that there is actually a pattern, wherein

every Odd-number digit is 6, and
Every Even -number digit is 3
And, since 50th digit is an Even-number digit, then we can conclude that:

Answer:
7
The 50th digit to the right of the decimal point of is3
11