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CALLEGEND
SEDI
MENT ARYANDVOLCANI
CROCKS I
NT RUSI
VEROCKS
Qa )
QU AT ERNARY
BREDAS DORP
Alluvium,colluvium,eluvium,
MAPU T AL AND
dpa n
S ANDVEL D
Ela ndsfontyn,Pr ospectHill, Alexa ndr ia ,Kinkelbos, U loa ,U mkwela ne, Ra nk offor
ma l units indica ted a s follows:
fa ce
Kuduskloof
N-
Qb)
De Hoopvlei,KleinBr a k,
Qs)
ee,sa nd,soil
Va rswa ter ,L a ngeba a n, Na na ga ,S a lnova , Por tDunfor d,KosiBa y,
limestone,ha r
AL GOA(
ete,sur
W ES T COAS T N-
Qw N-
Qs W a nkoe,W a enhuiskra ns N-
Qb N-
Qa Nkk N-
Qm
N-
N-
Velddr if,S pr ingfontyna nd Na hoona nd S chelm Isipingo,Kwa Mbona mbi S upergr oups a nd Complexes:Ca pita l letter s,bold (e.
g.KAROO)
a nd S tr
a ndveld For
ma tions N-
Ql
(
(
W itza nd For ma tions Hoek For ma tions a nd S iba yiFor
ma tions
2.
5
Gr oups a nd S uites:Ca pita l letter s(e.
g.ECCA)
Ca lcr
N-
Qg 2.
5
S ubgroups:L owerca se,under lined (
e.g.Ceres)
a vel,scr
C
NEOGENE
For ma tions,lithodemic r ock types a nd intr
usive subsuites:L owerca se (
e.g.Molteno)
CENOZ OI
KAL AHARI
Qua gga '
s Kop Nqk
Ra diometr ic a ge inmillions ofyea r s:(260)
K-
Qk
a ha mstown
gr
23 PA-
Ng 23
PAL AEOGENE
Gr
o
GAMOEP,BI ES JES FONT EI
NAND
66 66
ROBERT S ON-HEIDEL BERG S U I
T ES
CRET ACEOU S
Buffelskloof Kbk Ma lver
nia /
Ma longa Kma S tL ucia Kst
Z U L U L AND
T ENHAGE
S unda ys River Ksr Mbotyi Kmb Mzinene Kmn
Kir
kwood Kkw BUMBENI Kb Ma ka tini Kmk KOEGELFONT EI
NCOMPLEX Kf
Kk FAL S EBAY S U I
TE
145 COMPLEX 145 (145–133)
UI
Enon J
e
C
MES OZ OI
C
U RAS S I
S U U RBERG J
s J
mo Movene J
kp KOMAT I
POORT S U I
TE J
tg T sokwa ne Gr
a nophyr
e
L EBOMBO
J
j J
ozini
DRAKENS BERG J
dr
J
J
l L eta ba J
d KAROO DOL ERI
T ES U I
TE Jd Doler
ite dyke
Cla r
ens J
c
S T ORMBERG
201
201
Elliot T-
Je
Molteno Tm
C
AS S I
atedKAROO SUPERGROUP
T RI
Ta r
ka sta d Tt
KAROO SUPERGROUP
252 252
BEAU FORT
Adela ide
PHANEROZ OI
W a ter
for
d Pwa W a ter
for
d Pwa
fferenti
Kookfontein Pk For
tBr
own Pf Pvo Volksr
ust Gr
ootegeluk (
Pgg) Pgg
AN
Undi
Pe)
S koor
steenber
g Ps L a ingsbur
g
PERMI
ECCA(
Komma da gga a nd
T T EBERG
Cl
L a ke Mentz
359 359
Db) W I
W itpoor
ta nd
C
PAL AEOZ OI
Dw Msika ba Dm
AN
W eltevr
ede
DEVONI
Bidouw ( Dbi)
/
BOKKE-
Dbi Dt
CAPESUPERGROUP
Tra ka (
Dt)
VEL D(
Db
419 Cer
es Dc 419
AN
L U RI
Na r
douw S -
Dn
N
T ABL EMOU NT AI
S I
444 444
Peninsula
CI
On NAT AL CANGO I
NLI
ER
ORDOVI
Gr a a fwa ter
,
Piekenier skloof Op
S choema nspoor
t Os
a nd S a rdinia Ba y
KL I
PHEU W EL CAk
Fish River CAf
AN
CAMBRI
Br
a ndkop CAb
CAr ROOI
L EPEL S U I
TE
VANRHY NS DORP
NAMA
Kner
svla kte ED-
CAkn ED-
CAk KU BOOS -
BREMENS U I
TE
541 S chwa r
zra nd ED-
CAs 541
ED-
CAc CAPEGRANI
T ES U I
T E(
550–519)
Kwa nous EDk
Kuibis EDku
ACARAN
Fla minkber
g EDfl
SOUTHERNCAPE
EDI
,
RI
CHTERSV ELDAREA V REDENDALOUTLI
ER SOUTHWESTERNCAPE
CRg)
CRcc)
CRkm)
635 635
CRcc
ANDGAMT OOS (
CANGO CAVES (
Br
a ndwa cht CRb
MANS (
CRkm
MAL MES BU RY GROU P
AN
Por
ter
ville CRp
BOL AND
CRY OGENI
KAAI
C
NEOPROT EROZ OI
Fr
a nschhoek CRf Nor
ree CRn
EPSUPERGROUP
T yger
ber
g( CRt)
PORT NOL L OT H
Numees (
710) CRm Moor r
eesburg(CRe)
MARMORA
Or
a njemund CRor
S wa r
720 720
Klippla a t T O-
CRkp
GI
FBERG T O-
CRg CRo
Hilda T Oh Gr
ootder
m T Ogd T Ob Br
idgetown GANNAKOU RI
EPS U I
TE
Ber
g River T Obr
Ka iga s (
770) T Ok
GARI
Vr
edefontein T Ov
S tinkfontein
L ekker
sing T Ol
AN
T ONI
T Or RI
CHT ERS VEL DS U I
T E(
844)
NAMAQUALAND
KWAZULU-
NATALREGI
ONANDKAAPV AALCRATONS
S Tt U ltr
a ma fic meta ba sites S T ss S a bie S a nds Gr
a nophyr
e
C
KOPERBERG S U I
T E(
1022)
PROT EROZ OI
h
S Tk KORRI
DORS U I
TE
S T os ORI
BIGORGES U I
T E(
1034–1049)
S T sz
S EZ EL A(S T sz) ,EQEEFA( S T eq)
,
S T eq
MARGAT E( S T mg)S U I T ES a nd
S T mg
Ingwe Gr a nodior ite (
S T iw)
S T iw
S Ts S PEKT AKEL S U I
T E(
1102–1033)
S T wk W AT ERKOPS U I
T E(
1086) STrk Rykoppies Ga bbr
o
S Tb Bla a uwbosch Gr
a nite (
1093)
S T ke KEI
MOES S U I
T E(
1110–1078)
S Tr Rooiputs Gr
a nophyr
e(1094)
Donkieboud Gr a nite (
S T d)(
1118)a nd
S Td S Tn S T tu T U RT L EBAY S U I
T E(
1114)
Na r
os Gra nite (
S T n)( 1113)
S T st S tolzenfels Ender
bite
S T ka KORAS
S Ta Da ber
a s Gr
a nodior
ite
S Tw War
mba d S uid Gneiss (
1121) S T lv L ouisva le Gr
a nite (
1128) S T tv T imba va tiGa bbr
o(1
123)
S T ba Ba kenskopGneiss (
1131) S T ki Ka bis Gr
a nite (
1136) S T br BULLSRUNCOMPLEX(
1138)
S T ww W itwa terGneiss (
1142) S tvg Va a lputs Gr
a nite (
1146) S T dg MAMBULUCOMPLEX(
1145)
S T kp Koeipoor
tGr
a nite S T dg Dima ne Gr
a nite
S T lk L ANGEKOL KS U I
TE S T mz MzimliloGr
a nite (
1147)
S T lr L a tRiverGr
a nite S T ml Ma hlongwa Gr
a nite
S T hd Humber
da le Gr
a nite
AN
S T ENI
S T gb GifBer
g Gr
a nite
S T kk Konkonsies Gr
a nite
S T sk S kuitklipGr
a nite
S T ky KonkypGneiss
S T m)
C
PROT EROZ OI
ES BERG (
S T si S ikombe Gr
a nite (
1181)
S T kb KlipBa kkenGneiss
,KAMI
S Tl LI
T T L ENAMAQU AL AND S U I
TE
S T nz NOU Z EES ( S T nz)a nd OORKRAAL
EC-
S T ok (S T ok)S U I
T ES ,
g(
S T ob
)
S T sd S chuitdr
iftGneiss (
1187) S T kd L ekker
drink Gneiss
ARRI
S T yg Y a s Gneiss (
1188)
,
S Ta )
EC-
S T bs Bla dgr
ond S uid Gneiss S T mm Mkoma ziGneiss
Aggeneys (
S T sm S wa r
tmodderGneiss (
1193) S T ph Polisiehoek Gneiss
KWAZULU-
NATAL T wa kputs a nd Beenbreek
S T tb S T dm De Bome Gneiss S T md MkondeniDior
ite
Gneisses ( 1208–1 195)
S T bv Ba nks VleiGneiss
155)
,
Kour
opMigma tite ECo
S T t)
S T lz L utzputs Gneiss
1209–1
EC-
S Tu S outputs
GU L O (
S T u)(
S T mu Mzumbe S uite (
1207) S T ha S T kt
Ha la mbu Gneiss a nd PI
LANESBERGALKALI
NEPROV I
NCECOMPLEXES(
1246–1341)
1200
NARRI
ES EC-
S Tn
1200
KotongweniT ona lite (1209)
OUPVLAKT ECOMPLEX( ECoc )(
1215)a nd
EC-
ECgv ECoc
,MAT I
S pr
igg ECp EC-
S Tp
SI T HI
LO andNGOYECOMPLEXES ECkc PILANESBERG (ECpc ),GLENOVER ( ECg c )
,
1235)
EC-
S Tt
ECj J
ACOMY NS PAN EC-
S Tz ECsc KRUIDFONT EI
N( ECkc ),SPI T SKOP(ECsc ) ,
DEKRU I
S ECk AREACHAP Bethesda ECbe ECtc T WEERI
VIER(ECtc )
,NOOI T GEDACHT ( ECnc )
,
EC-
S Tu
S T p)(
J
a nnelsepa n ECa ECrc
EC-
ECdc
EC-
VY FBEKER
MAPU MU L O (
ECvy
AN
ECT AS I
S UI
TE S UITE
Goede Hoop ECg L eer
kra ns
ECl
MZ I
ECr Kr
a a ndr
aai ECsw S wa na r
tz Gneiss (
1368) ECgr Gr
a nophyr
e
MFONGOS I(EC-
S T f)
, EC-S Tf
Geselska pba nk NT I
NGW E(
ECn) ECn
ECge
Gneiss
ECno Nor
iseepMeta ba site
1400 1400
AN
AN CAL Y MMI
Nzhelele
1600 CMn 1600
Musekwa a nd
S Aw
S OU T PANS BERG
W yllie'
s Poor
t
S T AT HERI
1800 1800
Fundudzi ORfd
T shifhefhe,S iba sa
ORts
a nd S ta yt(
ORts)
DROË BOOM (
ORdr
) ORdr ORpe Pella (
ORpe) Poliesber
g ORpo
RietPut ORr
p Modder
ga tGneiss ORmg
ORgs GL ADKOPS U I
T E(
1822)
ORr
a Ra ma nsdr
ifS ubsuite (
1870) ORos Onseepka ns S chist(
1872)
TE
FS U I
ORANGERI
VER ORkt Khor
omus T ona lite ORcg CoboopGneiss (
1885)
Va a lwa ter ORvw S ulta na oor
d ORsa
a nsber
g
ORkk)
VAAL KOPPI
ES
OOL S DRI
ORvs Vuur
dood S ubsuite (
1880)
ORwb)
Cler
emont ORcl ORkk Da gbr
eek ORdb Rosyntjieber
g ORr
s
AN
S a ndr ivier
sberg a nd Gua dom Gneiss (
ORgg) ORgg
(
Kr
ORsm De Hoop(
1902) ORdh ORgo Goodhouse S ubsuite (
1885)
OROS I
Moga la kwena
W AT ERBERG (
VI
Aa svoëlkop( ORa v) ,
ORa v ORmb ORwb
oom Ma tla ba s
Br
ulsa nd ORbs S wa er
shoek (
2054) ORsw U itdr
aai ORud
FANT SHOEK
VOL OP
SUPERGROUP
Ma tsa p ORma
PROT EROZ OI
Ha rtley(ORha ) ,
ORha ORbg
Boegoeber g Da m (
ORbg) BUSHVELDCOMPLEX OT HERCOMPLEXES
OLI
Ga ma ga r
a (ORgm) ,
ORlm) ORgm ORlm
C
PAL AEOPROT EROZ OI
L ucknow a nd Ma pedi(
Glentig,Rustde
AMmb RU S T ENBU RG L AY EREDS U I
T E(
Rrl) MOKOPANES U I
TE L EBOW AGRANI
T ES U I
T E(
Rle)
W inter
,L oskop ORlb LOSBERG (
2041)
Rle Rdf Rr
s GRANOPHY RE
Critical Zone Rnb S UI
TE
Rr
o Rdr Dwa r
s RiverS ubsuite S chilpa dnestS ubsuite Rsa Rr
l Villa Nor
a Ga bbr
o-Anor
thosite Rvn NeboGr
a nite (
Rnb) S UI
TE Rsw SCHURWEDRAAI(
2052)
ROOI
Ver
mont(
Rve) Rve
)
Ma ga liesber
g
Rpr
Rma
(
Rma )
A(
PRET ORI
Koedoesr
a nd Rkr S ilver
ton(
Rsi) Rpr Rsi
Da spoor
t(Rdp) Rdp
S tr
ubenkop(
Rsr
) Rsr
Dwa a lheuwel Rdd Rdw
Rdd
(
Rdw)
POS T MAS BU RG
Rhb
Boshoek (Rhb)
Ongeluk (
2236) Rog
T imeba ll Hill a nd
Ma kga nyene Rmg Rooihoogte ( Rtr) Rtr
2300 2300
(2320)
Koega s S Dko
Duitschla nd S Ddu
AN
W olha a r
kop S Dwo
DERI
Penge S Dpe
2500 Kur
uma n(
2460) S Dku 2500
Ga moha a n ANga
Kogelbeen ANko
S Dgh)
ES POORT
Klippa n ANkl
AN-
S Dgh
AN-
ANcr
CHU NI
Ra nd (
ANcr)
Klipfonteinheuwel ANkf
LI
MPOPO BELT,WESTERNANDNORTHEASTERNKAAPV AALCRATON
Fa ir
field ANff Ma lma ni ANml
Reivilo ANr
v
CONS T ANT I
A MAL AL ADRIFT
Monteville ANmo ANcs ANdi Ma dia pa la S yenite (
2600) ANml ANbg Bula iGneiss (
2605)
S UI
T E(2600) S UI
T E(2600)
Clea r
wa ter ANcw
S chmidtsdr
if
Boompla a s ANbp
Vr
ybur
g ANvb Dennilton ANde
S KI
L PADHEK ANsd KWAZULU-
NATAL,LESOTHOANDSWAZI
LAND
MAS HIS HI
MAL E
ANms ANpo PompeyGr
a nite ANmh MAS HES HANES U I
T E(
2681)
VORS T ER
BL OEMPOORT (
ANbl) S UI
T E(2680)
TE
S UI
ANbl ANwo
Ma tla la Gr
a nite ANmm Ma tok Gr
a nite (
2683)
W OL KBERG (
ANwo) ANma (
2690) ANls L ekker
sma a k Gr
a nite (
2690)
GODW AN ANgo
NEOARCHAEAN
Alla nr
idge ANa l
FREES T AT EDI
ORI
T ES U I
TE
Rietga t ANr
g ANfs ANmn Mpa geniGr
a nite (
2740)
(2740) ROOI
WAT ER
ANvd COMPLEX
Ka boom AMka Ma kwa ssie ANmk ANng NOVENGI
L L AGABBRO S U I
TE
PL AT BERG
Anpb
(ANpb)
S pioenkop AMsp Goedgenoeg ANgg
MARY DAL E
Ka meeldoor
ns ANka ANtu T ur
floopGr
a nite (
2765)
Duivelskloof
Door
nfontein AMdr ANdl L eucogra nite
KL I
PRI
VIERS BERG (
2714) ANkb (2775)
Pr
ieska spoor
t AMpp
AMse S pekboom Gr
a nite (
2807)
AMwi W illie Gr
a nite (
2820)
T ur
ffontein AMtu AMmi Meinha r
dskr
a a l Gr
a nite (
2830)
AMw w )
CENT RAL
Amster
da m AMa m RAND
T WAT ERSRAND
J
oha nnesbur
g AMjo
SUPERGROUP(
J
eppestown AMje AMme Mer
ir
iGr
a nite
AMww
AMus)
USUSHWANE
AMdg Dr
a ghoenderGneiss (
2853) AMho HL EL O S U I
TE
Gover
nment AMgo
W ES T RAND
COMPLEX(
WI
AMba Ba der
oukwe Gr
a nite (
3018) AMus
SUPERGROUP
AMpr PI
ET RET I
EFGABBRO S U I
T E(
2990)
MES OARCHAEAN
NS U Z E AMnz
AMmp MODI
PECOMPLEX(
3000) AMte T HOL ES U I
TE
RHENOS T ERKOPPI
ES
DOMI
NION(
3074) AMdo AMr
h PI
ET ERS BU RG AMpi
(
2950–3100)
ARCHAEAN
Z eekoeba a r
t AMze Mliba Gr
a nodior
ite (
3105) AMmb AMsk S a lisbur
yKopGr
a nite (
3108) AMhl HL AGOT HIS U I
TE
JOHANNESBURGANDV REDEFORTDOMES
AMhy Ha r
monyGr
a nite (
3091) Mhla tuza ne Gneiss AEmz AMpz MpuluziGr
a nite (
3105) AMns NEL S PRU I
T S U I
T E(
3105)
Pota ssic gr
a nitoids (
Heer
enveen I
nla ndsee L eucogr a nofels (
AMin)a nd
Rubber
va le AMgo AMp AMng NseleniGneiss AMin AMog
Pluton) OuterGr a nite a nd Gneiss ( AMog)
AMga )
Khunwa na AMkh
)
AMkr
APgl Gr
oot-
L eta ba Gneiss (
3171) Br ya nstonGr a nodior ite ( AMbg)a nd
AMbg
GRAVEL OT T E(
L indenGneiss,Midr a nd Gneiss,
AMlv
PAN(
Gr a nodiorite (AMlv)
,Rooihoogte,Ka a pVa lley,Nelshoogte,
Fernda le
AMfr Boesma nskop(AMbp)a nd
ondhjemite gneiss,migma titic
a nite a nd gneiss
KRAAI
(3070)
g,Ba ta via ,Neder
3200 3200
AP-
AMhe Hebr
onGr
a nodior
ite (
3200)
g,T heespr
ocks
GI
Y ANI(
3203) APgi APmg Ma khutswiGneiss (
3228)
AS S EGAAI
a ma fic r
AM-
APg AM- APt
Honingklip,S cha penbur
Ma ha mba Gneiss (
APma )( 3215)
T ES
T COMPLEXES,
S T ha APma APda
CS U I
Da lmeinGra nodior
ite (
APda )(
3215)
U itgevonden,W eer
Ba dpla a s,S tolzbur
entia ted ma fic a nd ultr
NDALE,
T ona lite a nd tr
L EMET AMORPHI
BARBERT ONSUPERGROUP
EMPANGENIMET AMORPHI
APsr S a nd RiverGneiss (
3325)
AMmd
MOODI
ES APmo
ROBI
S tentor
APgh
N,ZANDSPRUI
NONDW ENI
GNEIS S S UI
T E(3283)
APno
F,ROODEKRANS,CREST A-
TE
AMms MES S I
NAS U I
T E(
3150)
(
APno APem
S UI
GU MBU APgu
BEI
T BRI
DGECOMPLEX
a ma fics
,DW AL I
APbb FI
G T REE APft
U ndiffer
APon
(
3472–3400)
(
3600 3600
AEts T sa wela Gneiss (
3458)
EOARCHAEAN
APus U S U TU S U I
TE
MULDERSDRI
EDENVALE-
undiffer