GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)

Lesson #15

Name: _________________________________________________
Section: _______________________________________ Date: ______________
Schedule: _____________________________________

LESSON 15
The Self and the Family The Self with Friends The Self and Strangers

 The first primary group that we  Having friends increases one’s

experience.
 The place where some of our
most important identities takes
shape(e.g. male/female, boys/girls
son/daughter and sister/brother)
 Assessment of role performance
based on these identities become
early source of self-esteem.
 Mead’s (1934) discussion of the
early stages of role-playing, role-
taking and processes essential in
the development of the self, occur
within the context of family
interactions.
self-esteem and confidence;
 Five ways that friends can help
build your self-confidence
1. Friends cheer our successes;
2. Friends model new ways of
being- every friends has some
strengths or skills that help us
strive to do things a better
way;
3. Friends support every effort to
grow;
4. Friends wipe out our tears
away; and
5. Friends teach us the value of
teamwork
 An individual’s anxiety tends
to be high when he/she
interact with strangers which
is perceived as stigmatized.
 Stigmatized individuals have a
social identity that is devalued
in a particular social context;
 Anxiety will occur most
frequently with people we
have never met before; and
 The anxiety we experience
interacts with the situation
which the interaction takes
place to influence our
reactions with strangers.

Social Needs – Our need for interaction and contact with

friends and family

All people have the need for emotional and

interpersonal relationships with other people. We were born to
interact with others – we are mammalian creatures. In order to
avoid problems such as loneliness, depression, and anxiety, it
is important for people to feel loved and accepted by other
people. Personal relationships with friends, family and our partners
play an important role in our day to day functioning. During this article I will talk about our social needs and
how the differences in our social needs can lead to all kinds of communication issues.

1
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

Some of the things that can satisfy our social needs include romantic relationships, friendships and
family. I will start this article by talking about friendship. The word friendship can mean different things to
different people. The number of friends and the number of interactions with these friends will also differ for
each of us. Making friends is something that might come easy for some yet is quite difficult for others. Good
friends support you and give you a platform to be yourself. The amount of social interaction you will need
will depend on you. Once you enter into a relationship, your need for individuality and friendships will not just
go away, especially if you are a very social person. Locking yourself away from friends could do more harm to
you relationship than good.

One of the biggest challenges for couples is to determine how to spend their time. Because we are so
busy with work, we spend less and less time with our family and friends. I am of the opinion that you need to
spend time with yourself, with your family and with your friends. Try to find a healthy balance. I believe
that as long as time apart from your partner does not surpass your time together, spending time with friends is
recommended.

During my work with couples, the first problem I encounter with regards to friends is a lack of good
boundaries. You should always remember that people don't have the same boundaries as you. Time with
your friends is important but within acceptable boundaries. Never spend more time with your friends than with
your family. Make sure that the boundaries are reasonable and clear.

The second problem that we encounter is when couples have friends of the opposite sex. It is not
recommended to spend time with friends who you know make your spouse feel uncomfortable – especially if
you have friends of the opposite sex. There can be some high risk areas to avoid. Make sure that you put in
clear boundaries with your friends of the opposite sex. Your number one priority is towards your family.
Respect for your relationship is very important and should never take a back seat.

As a couple it is very important to spend time with each other – quality time. We live in very busy
times, and sometimes we put all our needs aside to take care of work, forgetting that we need to spend quality
time with our partner and children. When you feel that you and your partner spend enough time together, time
spent with friends is more welcomed. You need to make social time for you and your partner to have fun
together. You also need to make time to spend with your children and to have fun as a family. FUN is a very
important part of social interaction and the value of fun should never be overlooked. Also make sure to spend
the right amount of time with yourself.

Remember that as mammalian creatures we need to be part of a group. Isolation from family and
friends can cause harm to your relationship because we need interaction between us and society. With healthy
boundaries, the interaction can be supportive and loving and it can aid to the happiness in your relationship. A
word of caution: don’t let too many people have an impact on your relationship. Too many opinions can only
make things more difficult.

2
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

Remember that their opinions and advice can be very subjective and might not be best for you. I would
now like you to take a moment to think about your friends. What does the word friendship mean to you? How
many friends do you have? Are they single or in relationships? Are you currently not spending time with
friends, or are you still going out regularly? Do you go out as a couple or alone? You should also ask yourself
whether your current friendships are life giving or life taking to your romantic relationship. If it’s not life giving
you are going to have to change it. Make sure that you and your partner talk about your social needs. Be sure
what you and your partner need – if your needs are not the same, try to negotiate a midway so that both
people’s needs can be met.

Personal boundaries are rules or limits that a person creates for themselves. Boundaries are
reasonable and safe ways for other people to behave around you and serves as a guide on how
you should behave around others.

A stranger is somebody you don’t know at all or somebody you don’t know very well. If all strangers
look the same whether they are good people or bad people how can we stay safe? To stay safe we need to
learn all about Safe Strangers, Safe Places, and warning signs, and how to react if we think that we are in
danger. Safe strangers are people who can be trusted to help us in a public place when they are at work and
doing their job. You cannot tell if someone is a safe stranger just by the way that they are dressed, how they
look, or how they talk to you.

A stranger might know your name, your address, your friends name, pet’s name or many other
personal things about you but that does not make them a safe stranger! Some people that we don’t know very
well or have never met before can be trusted to help us. For example, we don’t know the firefighters or police
officers that come to our aid but we can think of them as safe strangers.
Some people can be thought of as safe strangers even though we don’t know them very well or have
never met them before. Firefighters and Paramedics are examples of safe strangers. Try to think of some
good examples of safe strangers and draw pictures of them in the space below. Also, don’t forget to answer
the question below.

3
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

LESSON 16
The Political Self- refers to how self is part of the community, become political active on social issues and
lastly become aware of his/her rights as he/she is a member of a community.

Physical self-concept is the individual's perception of themselves in areas of physical ability and
appearance. Physical ability includes concepts such as physical strength and endurance, while appearance
refers to attractiveness.

The self and the immediate community:

1. Community provides people with security and sense of belonging but also use these feelings to trap its
inhabitants with a comfort zone. Thus, community can decrease a person's ability about people and things in
the outside world.

2. Living in a neighborhood allows people to learn from mistakes made by others and also find their role
models. Thus, neighborhood empowers a person to become better and stronger.

Developing the Filipino as a Responsible Citizen:

1. Follow traffic rules. Be a responsible driver, commuter or pedestrian. If we will follow simple traffic rules,
we will have better, safer and more efficient roads.
2. Be punctual and do not procrastinate. Let’s change the “Filipino time” to “Filipino on time”. Let’s
avoid procrastination. It’s nice to be early. So avoid filing, paying, and queuing during deadline to minimize
the crowd during rush hours.
3. Ask for a BIR official receipt. Every official receipt or sales invoice you will ask from a seller will be a
strong proof of purchase, forcing the seller to declare it as sales and pay the related business and income
tax. If you will always ask for an official receipt, you’re helping our country to collect more tax revenues.
4. Pay your tax. It’s our duty to pay our tax dues to the government. Employees’ salaries are automatically
deducted with income tax by their employers. Hence, it would be unfair for them if self-employed taxpayers
and business owners will not pay taxes to the BIR.
5. Be a responsible parent. The youth are the hope of our nation. That’s why parents should raise their
children well and teach them with good habits, attitudes and values so that when they grow, they’ll become
great citizens of our country.
6. Love your husband or wife. Honor your marriage and vow with your loved one. If the husband and wife
can’t love each other and can’t be united, then how can they build a great family?
7. Conserve water and energy. Save yourself from paying higher electric and water bills. Save our Mother
Earth from global warming.

4
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

8. Protect our environment. Save our planet further. Dispose your garbage properly. Fix your car to
minimize emission of air pollutants. Plant a tree. And lastly, don’t cause too much noise pollution in your
neighborhood, especially during sleeping time.
9. Report crimes. Help our law enforcers solve and reduce crimes in the Philippines. And don’t forget to
expose the biggest crime of all – corruption in the government. Robbery inside the government involves
millions and even billions of pesos. This crime can make millions of Filipinos hungry. Moreover,
substandard public infrastructures that were built by corrupt politicians can kill many lives during
calamities. Therefore, be brave and help our country fight corruption.
10. Obey the laws and local ordinances. Laws and ordinances were made for a good reason. They are
based on our constitution. So whether it’s a criminal law, business law, a civil law or a simple local
ordinance, as long as it’s constitutional, let’s obey it. If you think the law is too much, obey first before you
complain.
11. Be kind to our foreign visitors. Be a good role model or a good representative of all Filipinos in front of
our visitors. Give our country a good name. Show to them how good, honest, hospitable and helpful we
are. Do this with all your heart, and of course, do this also to our countrymen, not only to foreigners.
12. Respect other Filipinos, especially the elders. Filipinos are known to be polite and respectful (at least
during the old times). Let’s preserve this good trait or habit despite of our time’s modernization.
13. Build a good relationship with your neighbors. Stop gossiping. It will only create tensions and quarrels
among your neighbors. Rather, lend your arms to help them. Befriend them to encourage close and good
relationship in the neighborhood. Keep the “Bayanihan” spirit in your community strong.
14. Help your own town achieve progress. Instead of leaving your own town to live in a squatter area in
Metro Manila and other urban cities, do your best to leverage the resources of your own town to contribute
to its economic development. Farming, fishing and other countryside jobs can actually make you
successful financially if you will only do them right.
15. Give support to our countrymen. Cheer for our athletes. Provide moral support to Filipinos who are
working hard to achieve their own success in a good way. Avoid the negative qualities of crab mentality,
such as envy, selfishness and insecurity.
16. Be a responsible worker. Wherever you are, whether you’re working in the Philippines or abroad, honor
your employer and be a responsible worker. We have to preserve the dignity of Filipino workers who are
known to be hardworking, honest, and competitive.

5
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

17. Love your employees. Follow the labor laws. Respect your workers’ rights and provide them with the
right employees’ benefits (e.g., SSS, Phil Health, Pag-Ibig and bonuses) . If you will take good care of your
workers and make them happy, they will be more motivated and your business will be more productive.
18. Make your customers happy. No matter how big or small your business is, do your business with quality
and integrity. Let’s not only promote Filipinos as competitive workers but also as globally competitive
business people and entrepreneurs.
19. Be a responsible netizen. Think twice before you click, post or make a comment on Facebook, Twitter or
any other social media network. Be considerate and respect the feelings, belief and opinions of other
netizens to avoid useless conflicts and arguments. We can always have a friendly and healthy debate,
without losing our calmness, respect and maturity.
20. Make an honest vote. Finally, exercise your right to vote. Aside from exercising the power to vote, a
responsible citizen also makes efforts to research, investigate all political candidates, and make the best
vote. And even more than that, he (she) must also guard and protect his (her) vote against electoral
fraudsters.
12 LITTLE THINGS EVERY FILIPINO CAN DO TO HELP OUR COUNTRY
By: Alex Lacson

1. Follow traffic rules. Follow the law.

2. Whenever you buy or pay for anything, always ask for an official receipt.
3. Do not buy smuggled goods. Buy local, Buy Filipino.
4. When you talk to others, especially foreigners, speak positively about us and our
country.
5. Respect your traffic officer, policemen and soldier.
6. Do not Litter. Dispose your garbage properly. Segregate. Recycle. Conserve
7. Support your Church.
8. During elections, do your solemn duty
9. Pay your employees well
10. Pay taxes.
11. Adopt a Scholar, or adopt a poor child
12. Be a good parent. Teach your kids to follow the law and to love our country.

6
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

LESSON 17
Martial Law

The exercise of government and control by military authorities over the civilian population of a designated
territory. It is an extreme and rare measure used to control society during war or periods of civil unrest or
chaos.

Self-Determination

The power or ability to make a decision for oneself without influence from outside or the right of a nation or
people to determine its own form of government without influence from outside.

All people have the right to self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status
and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development.

How Self-determination is affected during Martial Law:

• Marcos inflicted immeasurable damage on democratic values. He offered the Filipino people economic
progress and national dignity, but the results were dictatorship, poverty, militarized politics and a politicized
military, and greatly increased dependence on foreign governments and banks.

• During the Marcos era, the Philippines had one of Asia's worst human rights records. The army and
police were notorious for their use of torture. Victims—which included political dissidents and suspected drug
dealers— were beaten, flogged, given electric shocks. Victims. Marcos also muzzled the press, and banned
strikes. Marcos claimed that demonstrations against him were staged by "subversives and people under the
influence of drugs." An estimated 50,000 people were detained for alleged political crimes under Marcos in the
first five years after martial law was declared.

Life under Martial Law

• During the first years of martial law, the economy benefited from increased stability, and business
confidence was bolstered by Marcos's appointment of talented technocrats to economic planning posts.
Despite the 1973 oil price rise shock, the growth of the gross national product (GNP) was respectable, and the
oil-pushed inflation rate, reaching 40 percent in 1974, was trimmed back to 10 percent the following year.
Between 1973 and the early 1980s, dependence on imported oil was reduced by domestic finds and
successful energy substitution measures, including one of the world's most ambitious geothermal energy
programs. Claiming that "if land reform fails, there is no New Society," Marcos launched highly publicized new
initiatives that resulted in the formal transfer of land to some 184,000 farming families by late 1975. The law
was filled with loopholes, however, and had little impact on local landowning elites or landless peasants, who
remained desperately poor.

• After Marcos was ousted the Philippines owed about US$28 billion to foreign creditors. Borrowed
money had not promoted development, and most of it had been wasted on showcase projects along Manila
Bay, or had disappeared into the pockets and offshore accounts of the Marcos and Romualdez families and
7
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

their friends and partners. Many Filipinos believed that they would be morally justified in renouncing the foreign
debt on grounds that the banks should have known what the Marcoses were doing with the money. Even
Cardinal Jaime Sin declared it "morally wrong" to pay foreign creditors when Filipino children were hungry.
Aquino, however, resolutely pledged to pay the debt. Otherwise, the nation would be cut off from the credit it
needed. Although the Philippines could pay the interest on the debt every year, it could not pay the principal.
This never-ending debt naturally inflamed Filipino nationalism. A Freedom From Debt Coalition advocated
using the money to help the unemployed instead of sending the hard currency abroad.

I will share to you the story of a man, who fought to his life and one concrete example of harassment and
torture during Martial Law time under the dictatorship regime of Pres. Ferdinand Marcos.

Jun Quimpo was a B.S. Math student at the University of the Philippines in Diliman. During his freshman year
at UP, he joined a group of student volunteers who were helping urban poor communities in Constitution Hill
(Batasan) and in Tatalon. During a rally opposing the demolition of urban poor communities to make room for
Imelda Marcos’ infrastructure projects, Jun was arrested. Jun was singled out because his military captors had
seen his UP ID card with the name, “Quimpo.” By then, Jun’s four older siblings had already been arrested,
tortured and imprisoned. His military captors remarked, “Ah… another Quimpo!” And because of his surname,
Jun was tortured and imprisoned for 10 days. Upon his release, he decided that living in the city was too risky.
He joined the New People's Army. Jun was a revolutionary fighter and songwriter. The four songs included in
this collection were recorded by Jun while he was in NPA camps in Nueva Ecija using crude tape recorders.
These song recordings lifted from a set of cassette tapes, was retrieved from Jun’s backpack upon his death.
Jun’s body was found in an open rice field punctured by 7 bullet wounds. Jun was 24.

As a college freshman, Jun witnessed the early struggle for the restoration of the UP student council. Knowing
full well that universities were a ready source of recruits for the underground movement, the government
continued to ban student organizations that could potentially spearhead any antigovernment activity, especially
student councils. It was during this time that Jun began writing songs. At first he would take existing protest
songs and change their lyrics like this for the Sanggunian (Student Advisory Council), a song composed in
1975 advocating the restoration of student councils under martial law. Jun changed the lyrics and composed
“Anakbayan,” he said for a ‘broader application.’ ” (Quoted from Subversive Lives: A Family memoir of the
Marcos years, by the Quimpo family, Anvil Press c. 2012)

Bayan Ko* * A poem written by Jose Corazon de Jesus in 1929 was turned into a protest song made popular
by the resistance against the Marcos dictatorship. Jun Quimpo chose to use the version that changed the lyrics
from “Ibon man may layang lumipad, kulunging at umiiyak,” to “kulungin mo at pumipiglas.”

The song Kasama was inspired by a poem by Cuban Luis Marre. It was translated into Filipino by Maria Pl.
Lanot. The translation was entitled "Kung Ako'y Bumagsak (If I Should Fall)." In a tribute to the courage of his
sister-in-law Etta Rosales, who was captured, tortured and detained by the military, Jun Quimpo changed a
few lines and set it to music, retitling it, "Kasama (Comrade)." The most popular of Jun's songs, it describes his
personal creed and loyalty to the country.

8
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

Jun Quimpo is one of many victims of judicial killing (“Salvage”). In order to refresh our mind to the legacy left
by Jun, search at least one of the songs that he composed. These songs that he composed are still very
popular and sang in every gathering by UP students protesting to uphold Human rights.

1- President who declared Martial in the entire Philippines marking crucial night to our history.

2. - When did Marcos declare Martial law?

3 – 6 Name 4 main Damages by Martial Law.

7 - Who was the Senator assassinated during Martial Law ordered by Marcos and it’s cronies?

8 - Later in 1983, whose family attended the wake of Ninoy Aquino at the Santo Domingo Church in Quezon
City after his assassination?

9 - What was the title of the movie that portrays the true incident happen in the Philippines History?

10 -The power or ability to make a decision for oneself without influence from outside or the right of a nation or
people to determine its own form of government without influence from outside.

1. Ferdinand Marcos
2. September 21, 1972
3. Human Right Victims
4. Torture Victims
5. Political Detainees
6. Salvage Victims
7. Benigno Aquino Sr.
8. Bartolome Family
9. Dekada ‘70
10. Self-Determination

9
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

LESSON 18
Digital self - is the idea that people often consider things and other people to be possessions, almost like tools
to help define their identity. They use technology to redefine themselves. It is the way people engage
technology and the role technology plays in their lives.

Development of Digital Self

The idea of the digital self-developed from the original phenomenon of the ‘extended self’, pioneered by
Russell Belk in 1988. He believed our possessions are a major contributor to and reflection of our identities.
Back in the day, it was external objects, such as clothes, jewelry and cars etc. that he believed we used and
considered as part of ourselves.

Nowadays however, it isn’t merely tangible belongings that researchers consider as part of our extended self.
Our digital possessions such as photos, videos, statuses, texts, and emails are now seen to be significantly
important in shaping our digital self.

Why do we have a Digital Self?

The idea of the Digital Self is an interesting and relatively new topic discussed in consumer behaviour
research. Researchers, such as Stone (1996) and Hemetsburger (2005) claim that the digital web allows us to
try out different personas that differ from our real life identities. But why would we want to even do this? We
were especially interested in looking at why we express ourselves online the way we do and we wanted to
share the most common reasons:

- We want to meet the expectation of others: research shows over 50% of women would edit their social media
photos to look better and meet the expectations that the media and magazines have set.

- We want to boost our self-esteem: people upload photos and statuses online that they feel will receive ‘likes’
and positive feedback in which ultimately helps their egos.

- To feel a sense of belonging: Some of us want to fit in with the crowd and upload things that are ‘down with
the trend’ - for instance, who notices the amount of people posting pictures of their food increasing? It didn’t
come from nowhere.

- Bigger sense of freedom: Unlike real life, digital platforms allow us to express ourselves in any way we want
to without anyone there to physically judge us

- Striving to be our ideal selves: Digital Apps, such as Facetune, that allow us to improve our appearances on
photos (through teeth whitening, skin smoothing and body shape editing) helps consumers to express as their
‘ideal’ self-online and inevitably feel better about themselves

In conclusion, the digital world has provided us with greater opportunities to express our identity in any form we
want to. But what we all need to remember is: how will we feel if we go so far to express ourselves differently
online that we forget what reality is, or worse, we end up resenting it?

10
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

Identity Theft - also known as identity fraud is a crime in which an imposter obtains key pieces of personally
identifiable information, such as Social Security or driver's license numbers, in order to impersonate someone
else.

Types and examples of identity theft:

1. True-name identity theft means the thief uses personal information to open new accounts. The thief might
open a new credit card account, establish cellular phone service or open a new checking account in order to
obtain blank checks.

2. Account-takeover identity theft means the imposter uses personal information to gain access to the
person's existing accounts. Typically, the thief will change the mailing address on an account and run up a
huge bill before the person whose identity has been stolen realizes there is a problem.

Cybercrime is any criminal activity that involves a computer, networked device or a network. While most
cybercrimes are carried out in order to generate profit for the cybercriminals, some cybercrimes are carried out
against computers or devices directly to damage or disable them, while others use computers or networks to
spread malware, illegal information, images or other materials. Some cybercrimes do both -- i.e., target
computers to infect them with viruses, which are then spread to other machines and, sometimes, entire
networks. Common types of cybercrime include hacking, online scams and fraud, identity theft, attacks on
computer systems and illegal or prohibited online content.

Social Media Etiquette for College Students and Young Professionals by Diane Gottsman

Students attend college to become educated, build friendships, and venture out into the world feeling confident
and equipped with the skills a company will be impressed to review on a resume.

Unfortunately, a number of Oklahoma University students were recorded reciting racist comments, costing the
students more than their Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity expulsion and a scolding from the president of the
university. In the corporate world, employees are expected to be ambassadors of their company. I feel certain
that OU and SAE expected the same respect and consideration from their student representatives.

Their behavior will be forever imprinted on the web, where future employers can readily gain access to their
actions with little effort. Clearly the point is not about being caught, but having the good sense and solid
judgment to NOT participate in archaic racist banter in the first place. This lack of common sense could have
happened at any school, inside any fraternity, or in a myriad of circumstances. It’s every individual’s choice to
understand that decisions, good or bad, can have long term implications.

The effects of social media are never more than a click away and everything you do can potentially be
captured for the entire world to see.

Social Media Etiquette for College Students and Young Professionals:

1. Determine how you want to be perceived on Facebook, Twitter, and all social media outlets. Like it or
not, your communication becomes a strong part of your overall image. Recognize this as an opportunity to set
yourself apart as a person with integrity.
11
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

2. Know that employers DO check your social media accounts. Some may tell you they don’t have time to
visit everyone’s profile, but smart employers know it’s worth the effort before saying “yes” to a new hire.

3. Google yourself. Observe what comes up, including Google images. Eliminate any questionable posts
or pictures. Show respect for yourself and your credibility by keeping your posts (and your daily interaction)
clean.

4. You are what you tweet or post. People make judgments based on what they see and every post
matters. Read through your stream and ensure it reflects your character.

5. Don’t rely on privacy settings. Anything can be shared on the web. Download an app that will alert you
if something is posted online where your reputation could be in question. Google Alerts will monitor the web
and notify you when your name has been mentioned. You can find a variety of tools by searching “Reputation
Management”.

6. Dedicate posts emphasizing your achievements and accomplishments. Link to charities you support
and let others know how they can get involved. Vary your content to retain interest. And, of course, only post if
it’s the truth.

7. Take your online presence seriously. Social media is a phenomenal way to connect, build a community
of like-minded friends and stay current on what’s going on in the world. Use it wisely and you will reap the
benefits. Abuse it, or disregard its importance, and you will eventually face the consequences.

1 – 5 Reason’s why we have Digital self?

6 – 7 Types and examples of identity theft
8 – 14 Social Media Etiquette for College Students and Young Professionals
15 – Illegal activity that involves a computer, networked device or a network

1. We want to meet the expectation of others: research shows over 50% of women would edit their social
media photos to look better and meet the expectations that the media and magazines have set.
2. We want to boost our self-esteem: people upload photos and statuses online that they feel will receive
‘likes’ and positive feedback in which ultimately helps their egos.
3. To feel a sense of belonging: Some of us want to fit in with the crowd and upload things that are ‘down
with the trend’ - for instance, who notices the amount of people posting pictures of their food increasing? It
didn’t come from nowhere.
4. Bigger sense of freedom: Unlike real life, digital platforms allow us to express ourselves in any way we
want to without anyone there to physically judge us
5. Striving to be our ideal selves: Digital Apps, such as Facetune, that allow us to improve our
appearances on photos
6. True-name identity theft
7. Account-takeover identity theft
8. Determine how you want to be perceived on Facebook, Twitter, and all social media outlets
9. Know that employers DO check your social media accounts
10. Google yourself
11. You are what you tweet or post
12. Don’t rely on privacy settings

12
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

13. Dedicate posts emphasizing your achievements and accomplishments

14. Take your online presence seriously
15. Cybercrime

LESSON 19

Freedom is the ability to set your schedule, to decide on the work you do, to make decisions. Responsibility
is being held accountable for your actions. It might involve figuring out how to get paid for your work, owning
your mistakes or having others count on you.

Eleanor Roosevelt wrote; “Freedom makes a huge requirement of every human being. With freedom comes
responsibility.

Balance your freedom and responsibility by managing your time. After figuring out your class (and/or work,
internship, volunteering, etc) schedule, go through your calendar and set aside a specific time just for studying
and homework.

Ultimately, it means considering how your actions will affect people and situations around you. The Recipe for
Responsibility. Responsible behavior is made up of five essential elements—honesty, compassion/respect,
fairness, accountability, and courage.

Personal Freedom
• The power or right of an individual to act, speak, or think without hindrance or restraint.
• The state of not being imprisoned or enslaved.
• Unrestricted use of something.

Responsibility
• A duty or obligation to satisfactorily perform or complete a task (assigned by someone, or created by
one's own promise or circumstances) that one must fulfill, and which has a consequent penalty for failure.

Relationship of Personal Freedom and Responsibility:

Responsibility assumes that the individual can have freedom of action and decision. Therefore, freedom
necessarily leads to responsibility.

Freedom is the power of choice that individuals have in society, while responsibility is the attitude of the person
to respond for the actions he chooses freely.

Freedom makes people responsible for their actions to the extent that they are voluntary, even if the
immutability and responsibility for an action can be diminished or sometimes cancelled by ignorance,
inadvertence, duress, fear, inordinate attachments, or habit.

So, in other words, Freedom means you will have to be responsible for every act, for every breath; whatever
you do or don't do, you will be responsible. Freedom is inseparable from responsibility.

13
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

LESSON 20

SELF-KNOWLEDGE SELF-MASTERY

In Philosophy, it refers to knowledge of one's own sensation,
thoughts, belief, and other mental states.
In psychology, this refers to how well or accurate we are in
determining our own internal such as our emotion, personality,
and attitudes. However, Wilson notes that self-knowledge can be
broadened to include memory, like recalling how we felt in the
past, and prospection, predicting how we will feel in the future.
Is the ability to take control of one's life. It is the
condition whereby your body is your servant and
not your master.
It comes through developing certain personal core
strengths. To be master of your own self is to fully
understand who you really are.

In philosophy, “self-knowledge” standardly refers to knowledge of one's own sensations, thoughts, beliefs,
and other mental states. ... This entry focuses on knowledge of one's own particular mental states.

Self-knowledge refers to understanding of one's own goals, character, beliefs, ethics and gives one the
freedom to live their life without regrets. It is important because: ... It helps in knowing your own limitations.

Here are the 4 steps to actively attaining more self-knowledge:

1. Step 1 – Take a Character Inventory. Taking an inventory of your character is the first step. ...
2. Step 2 – Understand What You Can Do. ...
3. Step 3 – Feel the Feels. ...
4. Step 4 – Motivation Matters. ...
5. Final Thoughts. ...
6. More About Self-Understanding.

Source of self-knowledge, especially when people make attributions for positive and negative events. The
key elements in self-perception theory are explanations people give for their actions; these explanations are
known as causal attributions.

14
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

Here are 7 effective strategies for cultivating self-mastery:

1. Talk to Yourself
There’s a voice inside your head, and that’s completely normal. It’s your internal dialogue, the inner
commentary that strives to make sense of the world. The first crucial step in developing self-mastery is to
become an observer of your thoughts—to become self-aware, self-reflective. To think about your thinking.

2. Make Peace with Your Past

Self-mastery meant not allowing past negative experiences the power of emotional collateral to spark
present and future fires. As a result, the clean slate has given birth to the relationship I’d always desired.
Making peace with your past allows you an untarnished and more objective approach to the present, ideally
resulting in a positive future. It’s hard to pick up anything new when your hands are full with burdens. It means
to let go, forgive, and as humanly possible, to forget.

3. Play Devil’s Advocate

Whatever decision you’re working through, come at it from as many different angles as
possible. Debate with yourself, have a spirited argument. You may be surprised at some of the insights you
come up with.

4. Keep A Journal.
The more you journal, the more you’re aware of your behaviors and thought patterns, and
subsequently, the more ability you have to change and grow.

5. Break the Bystander Effect

Self-mastery means always taking an active approach in life: being a performer rather than a
spectator. When a situation obviously calls for a response, a self-mastered person takes initiative and steps
right in. There’s no room for passivity and sitting on the bench. Don’t hesitate, just do it. Follow through with
what you know is right.

6. Cognitive Reappraisal
Cognitive reappraisal is reinterpreting an event in a way that reduces the negative response or completely
replaces it with a positive one. So, rather than being fired from your job, you see it as freedom to become your
own boss.

7. Audit Yourself
Have an honest assessment of your strengths and your weaknesses. That means dropping the pride
and ego and owning up to your ugly parts. The first step to recovery is admitting you have a problem. Self-
mastery has to start with self-honesty.

4 Steps to Self-Mastery
1. Awareness
2. Discernment / choice
3. Decision/action/ Focus
4. Realization/ manifestation

15
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

Four working elements to Self-Mastery

Body

Self Heart
Mind
Mastery

Soul

Self-Mastery is the ability to recognize, understand, control, and make the most out of your physical,
mental, emotional, and spiritual self. It is gained thorough awareness, understanding, and control over
your thoughts, emotions and actions. Essentially, it gives you control over the one things you can control
in any given situation yourself.

16
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

Let’s have an enumeration type of short assessment to determine your comprehension.

Now it’s time for you to answer ….
1 – 7 7 effective strategies for cultivating self-mastery
8 – 11 4 steps to Self-Mastery
12 –15 Here are the 4 steps to actively attaining more self-knowledge
16 –19 4 Elements of Self Mastery
20- -21 Self-Mastery consist of

Activity 5: Checking for Understanding Key Answer

1) Talk to Yourself
2) Make Peace with Your Past
3) Play Devil’s Advocate
4) Keep A Journal.
5) Break the Bystander Effect
6) Cognitive Reappraisal
7) Audit Yourself
8) Awareness
9) Discernment / choice
10) Decision/action/ Focus
11) Realization/ manifestation
12) Step 1 – Take a Character Inventory. Taking an inventory of your character is the first step. .
13) Step 2 – Understand What You Can Do. ...
14) Step 3 – Feel the Feels. ...
15) Step 4 – Motivation Matters. ...
16) Body
17) Mind
18) Heart
19) Soul
20) Self-control
21) Self-discipline

17
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

LESSON 21
Self-efficacy refers to an individual's belief in his or her capacity to execute
behaviors necessary to produce specific performance attainments (Bandura,
1977, 1986, 1997). Self-efficacy reflects confidence in the ability to exert control
over one's own motivation, behavior, and social environment.

According to Bandura, there are four main sources of self-efficacy beliefs:

8. Mastery experiences;
9. Vicarious experiences;
10. Verbal persuasion;
11. Emotional and physiological states (Akhtar, 2008).

Mindset Theory proposes that people hold different beliefs about

whether people can or cannot change basic psychological attributes,
such as their intelligence or personality.
Two types of mindsets: Fixed mindset and growth mindset
According to the Stanford research psychologist Dweck, one of the most
basic beliefs all human beings possess is focused on how each
individual views their personality. There is the “fixed mindset” and then
there is the “growth mindset”.
The 7 Mindsets are actions and attitudes that can literally change
the course of a person’s life. They represent the irrefutable, time-
tested thinking at the heart of fulfillment, happiness and success on
one’s own terms, regardless of gender, race, nationality, or socio-
economic background. They have worked, and will continue to work,
for all those who incorporate them into their lives .

Self-efficacy

The main concept in social cognitive theory is that an individual's actions and reactions, including social
behaviors and cognitive processes, in almost every situation are influenced by the actions that individual has observed in
others. Because self-efficacy is developed from external experiences and self-perception and is influential in determining
the outcome of many events, it is an important aspect of social cognitive theory. Self-efficacy represents the personal
perception of external social factors. According to Bandura's theory, people with high self-efficacy—that is, those who
believe they can perform well—are more likely to view difficult tasks as something to be mastered rather than something
to be avoided.

4 sources of self-efficacy are;

1. Performance Accomplishments.
2. Vicarious Experience.
3. Social Persuasion.
4. Physiological and Emotional States.

18
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

Source of Self-Efficacy
Enactive Mastery
(Performance
outcomes

Vicarious
Experience (ex.
Self-modeling)
Development of Behavior &
Verbal Persuasion Self-Efficacy Performance
(ex. Verbal
encouragement)

Physiological
Arousal (ex.
Emotional state)

We teach these simple principles to young people and adults through interactive programs and engaging
curriculum across a variety of digital platforms. The information has been organized into language that is highly
engaging, easy to understand, and oriented toward driving positive change through purposeful action in one’s
life. The 7 Mindsets are:

1. Everything is Possible – Dream big, embrace creativity, and expect great results
2. Passion First – Pursue your authentic talents and deepest interests
3. We Are Connected – Explore the synergies in all relationships and learn to empower one
another
4. 100% Accountable – Choose to be responsible for your own happiness and success
5. Attitude of Gratitude – Seek positives from every experience and be thankful for all you have
6. Live to Give – Inspire and serve others while maximizing your potential
7. The Time is Now – Harness the power of this moment, and take purposeful action today

Mindset
● In a fixed mindset, people believe their basic qualities, like their intelligence or talent, are simply fixed
traits. They spend their time documenting their intelligence or talent instead of developing them. They
also believe that talent alone creates success—without effort.
● In a growth mindset, people believe that their most basic abilities can be developed through dedication
and hard work—brains and talent are just the starting point. This view creates a love of learning and a
resilience that is essential for great accomplishment. Virtually all great people have had these qualities.

19
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

There are three types of goals: based on time, focus and topic.
1. Time goals are the ones we refer to as short-term or long-term. ...
2. Focus goals remind me of a BHAG (big hairy audacious goal). ...
3. Topic-based goals can be personal, professional, career, and financial.
Specific Goals. Your goal must be clear and well defined. ...
4. Measurable Goals. Include precise amounts, dates, and so on in your goals so you
can measure your degree of success. ...
5. Attainable Goals. Make sure that it's possible to achieve the goals you set. ...
6. Relevant Goals. ...
7. Time-Bound Goals

My future goals involve learning as much as I can until I eventually take on a leadership role. I prefer to work with others,
and I believe that I could thrive as a leader if given the chance. I would love the opportunity to manage a team and shape
them into successful workers.”

20 goals to set for yourself

When setting goals for yourself, you may choose to follow the SMART goal method, where you apply specific,
measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound objectives to help you reach your goals. Start by identifying
things you are passionate or care deeply about, and determine what you want your life to be like in the future.
Here are 20 personal goals you can use as inspiration for setting your own goals:
1. Improve your growth mindset 11. Learn healthy ways to cope with stress
2. Be more proactive 12. Recreate your work-life balance
3. Learn to understand yourself 13. Start good habits
4. Be persistent in spite of obstacles 14. Consider leaving behind expectations
5. Learn to accept your limits 15. Learn from failure
6. Learn how to make effective decisions 16. Eliminate bad habits
7. Practice gratitude 17. Improve your communication skills
8. Stay open-minded to new opportunities 18. Avoid negativity in the workplace
9. Learn something new 19. Improve your financial management skills
10. Live according to your values 20. Develop time management skills

A group of persons sent by a church to carry on religious work, especially evangelization in foreign lands, and often to
establish schools, hospitals, etc. an establishment of missionaries in a foreign land; a missionary church or station. ... an
organization for carrying on missionary work. Also called rescue mission.
Definition of vision and mission: A vision statement focuses on tomorrow and what an organization wants to ultimately
become. A mission statement focuses on today and what an organization does to achieve it. Both are vital in directing
goals.

20
 GEN 002 Understanding the Self (UTS)
Lesson #21

Section: ____________ Schedule: _____________________________________ Class number: _______

Date: ______________

Questions to Discover Your Personal Mission Statement.

1. What makes you smile? (Activities, people, events, hobbies, projects, etc.)
2. What are your favorite things to do in the past? What about now?
3. What activities make you lose track of time?
4. What makes you feel great about yourself?
5. Who inspires you most? (Anyone you know or do not know. Family, friends, authors, artists, leaders, etc.)
Which qualities inspire you, in each person?
6. What are you naturally good at? (Skills, abilities, gifts etc.)
7. What do people typically ask you for help in?
8. If you had to teach something, what would you teach?
9. What would you regret not fully doing, being or having in your life?
10. What are your deepest values?
11. What were some challenges, difficulties and hardships you’ve overcome or are in the process of
overcoming? How did you do it?
12. What causes do you strongly believe in? Connect with?
13. If you could get a message across to a large group of people. Who would those people be? What would
your message be?
14. Given your talents, passions and values. How could you use these resources to serve, to help, to
contribute? (to people, beings, causes, organization, environment, planet, etc.)
1 – 4 4 sources of self-efficacy are?
5 – 11 The 7 Mindsets are:
12 –14 There are three types of goals
15 –19 SMART Goal acronym
20 - refers to an individual's belief in his or her capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce
specific performance attainments

1. Performance Accomplishments.
2. Vicarious Experience
3. Social Persuasion.
4. Physiological and Emotional States.
5. Everything is Possible – Dream big, embrace creativity, and expect great results
6. Passion First – Pursue your authentic talents and deepest interests
7. We Are Connected – Explore the synergies in all relationships and learn to empower one another
8. 100% Accountable – Choose to be responsible for your own happiness and success
9. Attitude of Gratitude – Seek positives from every experience and be thankful for all you have
10. Live to Give – Inspire and serve others while maximizing your potential
11. The Time is Now
12. time,
13. focus
14. topic
15. Specific Goals. Your goal must be clear and well defined
16. Measurable Goals. Include precise amounts, dates, and so on in your goals so you can measure your degree of success. ..
17. Attainable Goals. Make sure that it's possible to achieve the goals you set. ...
18. Relevant Goals
19. Time-Bound Goals
20. Self- Efficacy