INTENDED LEARNING ACTIVITIES 

1. Discuss the paradigm shifts through history. 

A paradigm shift as a revolution that challenges and ultimately takes the place of a

prevailing scientific framework. These challenges arise when the dominant paradigm, under

which normally accepted science operates, is found to be incompatible or insufficient with new

data or findings, facilitating the adoption of a revised or completely new theory or paradigm.

Paradigms are important because they define how we perceive reality and how we behave within

it. Everyone is subject to the limitations and distortions produced by their socially conditioned

nature. For instance, before Einstein physicists took Newtonian physics for granted. That

paradigm was then challenged with the rise of quantum mechanics.

2. Explain how the Intellectual Revolution changed the way how humans seethe world. 

A moral and social philosophy revolution occurred in the previous five centuries that was

as profound as the scientific revolutions in cosmology, physics, chemistry, and biology, but it

went unrecognized. It spawned social science and ideological politics, and even if it didn't, it

provided a home for the hard sciences in the modern world. Using matter-related sciences as

metaphors or parables will change moral philosophy in the future. Politics and modern economic

science resemble Newton's self-balancing physics system: Moral forces, like physical forces, are

impersonal and self-organizing, and human intelligence is responsible for determining what they

are and how to control them.

3. Describe the technological advancements that happened in the information age. 

The Internet is arguably the most prominent innovation of the Information Age. The Internet

changed the way people do everything. It has made people lazier, but it also makes a large

amount of the population smarter. The Information Age has made industrial countries stronger.

Inventions of the telephone, telegraph, radio, movies, television, and the Internet all extended

communication and expression. These revolutions changed the world of information and

knowledge, resulting in transformative effects on society.

QUESTIONS FOR REFLECTION 

1. Why do you think were most intellectual ideas controversial? 

Intelligent design theory is often controversial because it claims that aspects of the

natural world are the result of intelligent action rather than naturally occurring chance, or law-

governed processes. For example, the scientific theory currently dominating scientific thought

regarding the origin of biological organisms is the highly regarded theory of evolution, which

offers chance-law-governed mechanisms (mutation and selection) to explain observed

characteristics of life. Intelligent design theory claims that at least some aspects of the biological

realm are the result of intelligent action, rather than a chance or law-governed processes, such as

the mutation-selection mechanism thought to be driving evolution. By proposing intelligent

cause over mechanistic cause, intelligent design theory presents a competing hypothesis to the

highly regarded dominant evolutionary paradigm of biological origins, and thus often finds itself

facing much opposition from the scientific community. Intelligent design theory is also

controversial because it possibly (though not necessarily) implies that non-mechanistic causes

were involved in the origins and history of life on this planet. This presents a potential challenge
to both the methodological naturalism of those who practice science and also to the philosophical

naturalism held to be true by many scientists.

2. Why did the people accept these new discoveries despite being contradictory to what was
widely accepted at that time? 

It is because new discoveries are well studied and proven to be better with what is widely

accepted before. New discoveries are made every single day by scientists, and researchers. Some

of the reasons why new discoveries are made are to cope up with the ever-changing environment,

To acquire new knowledge, techniques, cure to illnesses, and inventions, To widen the

advancement of science and technology, To provide people a better experience and living before

a new discovery is made, it will undergo first a thorough study or research for it to be valid and

to have proof. The study / research consists of scientific method steps. Producing a new

discovery takes time, money and lots of effort for it to be successful. This is the main reason why

new discoveries are accepted even if they are contradictory to was accepted before. Despite

being the opposite of the previous discovery, a new discovery has numerous data and analysis

from thorough research that makes it valid and acceptable.

3. How do intellectual revolutions transform societies?

Intellectual revolutions transformed societies through developing our thinking skills.

Critical-thinking, evaluation, innovations and creating new rules for equality are just some of the

examples of how this revolutions transformed societies. It is a continuous process of

development to achieve the needs of the society. It collaborates our great minds to make the

world in peace. It is progressive in which it innovates everything with new discoveries and

experiences.
ACTIVITY #2

1. Research the positive and negative results brought about by innovations and

technological advances in the information age. Then, reflect and come up with ten rules or

guidelines in using the different media of information to ensure that the humanity will reap

the rewards of information age.

The Information Age – also known as the Computer Age, Digital Age, or New Media

Age, a historic period in the 21st century characterized by the rapid shift from traditional

industry that the Industrial Revolution brought through industrialization, to an economy based on

information technology. Positive Results are Technology advancement has simplified the way

we do things. It saves time. Automation and computerization have resulted in higher

productivity. It simplifies communication (ex. Video calls using tablets and smartphones). It has

improved health care (ex. Robotic surgeons, neuroprosthetic chips, artificial wombs). It has also

improved our educational environment (ex. teacher using smart whiteboards). Large output and

high quality products in agriculture (ex. Advanced sprinklers to irrigate farms). People learn new

languages easier. While the negative result is it can be addicting and it can hurt our

communication skills. Extended screen time can result in health ramifications like insomnia,

eyestrain, and increased anxiety and depression.