Name: Bau Rismawati

Nim: 1952142020
Class: English Literature B 19

Review of the video : Choosing research design: Qualitative or Quantitative

RESEARCH DESIGN
Scope:
Qualitative research design is something that is dynamic, that is a continuous process
in which the possibility of change can occur in the process and of course it can develops during
the research process so it is dynamic in that your research ideas may change during the process.
Whereas quantitative research design is something that is static and structured from the start
and the research structure has been designed and planned from the very beginning, if for
example you are doing quantitative research, that means you will be working with a structure
that has been designed from the start so that it is impossible for changes to occur. in the research
process.
Another difference between qualitative and quantitative designs is in terms of scores
and objectives, in that research objectives qualitative designs are designed to explore in depth
on certain phenomena that can open up opportunities to develop research ideas. So the theory
is there but it doesn't mean that you will stick to the theory as the concept that underlies your
research. But for quantitative research design the aim is to prove the theories justify the theories
and you can compare the variables about a particular phenomenon so that the theories present
in the quantitative research design and the theories to be investigated will be justified will be
compared and contrasted with each other that's the goal of quantitative research design which
is very different from qualitative research.

Source of Data
Qualitative design works with many types of statement and opinion words because they tend
to be exploratory as well as descriptive. in qualitative design will also explore and describe,
then will use words as a source of data, while in quantitative research data will be obtained in
the form of numbers and other statistical matters such as frequency, numeric and statistics.
Approaching the Data
In qualitative design the researcher will work with the power of the data, then the researcher
will formulate related theories. So the researcher works with the data first and then the theory
will emerge at the end. Theories in Qualitative research are provided only as theoretical
background and the researcher will then collect data to analyze the data to produce further
related theories. So the data is in the research first, then the related theory emerges. Meanwhile,
in quantitative research designs, theories must exist as the basis for research and then the
researcher will work based on the theories that have been formulated previously. Because the
data will be obtained based on theory, so with quantitative data the theory will exist first then
data collection based on the theory.

Instruments
Instruments in qualitative research design are the main instruments but of course also require
other instruments such as observation, interviews. either non-participant or with Participant.
The point in this research design is usually researchers need tests, need regression analysis and
need questions where researchers can put frequencies in it and then compare variables with
each other.

Data Analysis
The main focus of data analysis in qualitative design is mostly to describe and explore, so the
researcher will provide a description of a particular phenomenon and use discourse analysis,
conversation analysis, critical discourse analysis, or maybe use a literary approach, a genetic
structuralism approach, or pure. Here are some ways to analyze data qualitatively. But
quantitatively the researcher will calculate all the data based on mathematical analysis and will
also use certain formulas.

Types of Research
This type of research in qualitative design can include very simple descriptive research and
then proceed with ethnographic case studies, grounding theory where you will build a theory
based on data and phenomenology where the researcher will also observe certain people or
events which the research can then draw conclusions about it. Then quantitative design is
usually the most common type of research in experimental quantitative design where you will
prove whether one teaching technique for example fits a certain group and then you will do a
regression analysis where you will compare the dependent variable and also the other two
dependent variables. and you will have correlation analysis. The researcher will see whether
one variable is correlated with each other or not and then go to the stage of drawing conclusions
about it.

Types of Participants
In qualitative designs, the names of participants are usually called informants, and the number
of samples is not limited. but in quantitative design the researcher usually calls it a population
and from that population the researcher needs to take a number of representative samples. the
way of sampling will be decided based on certain formulas, whether it is random sampling or
maybe using cluster assembly.

Conclusion
The way you draw conclusions in terms of quality and in terms of inferences has a difference
between qualitative and quantitative research. In a qualitative research design, the findings are
derived from interpretation so what the researcher finds in the Qualitative research cannot be
generalized to the whole setting so, for example, if the researcher conducts a research on
politeness in a particular community context, the researcher will certainly say that the right
strategies applied in the community can used in other community settings as well, and it is
necessary for the researcher to look at the context in order to draw conclusions. Whereas in
quantitative research the findings will be analyzed based on certain mathematical formulas
used to draw conclusions and to claim facts, the instrument must be valid and reliable and of
course the respondents must be representative.

What Design to Choose

The researcher can choose whether it is a qualitative or quantitative research design for the
research he is working on. First of all Researchers need to look at the topic and its decisions,
there are several disciplines that are best suited to the science of qualitative research and there
are also several disciplines that mostly use quantitative research design. as in the social
sciences, for example, this field relies on qualitative physical design but that does not mean
that researchers cannot apply quantities. Researchers can apply both by combining qualitative
research and quantitative research design, as you need theory as an underlying concept in
qualitative. But in quantitative theory will be the research framework. The formulation of
problems and objectives in qualitative research, only needs site subjects and informants, while
for quantitative design it is only necessary to build a population and so on.
In qualitative research design, data collection is used for more exploration, while in quantitative
research design provides statistical tools which are then used several instruments with
statistical formulas. Based on this procedure, the researcher will draw conclusions based on
interpretations in the qualitative research design, but for quantitative research designs, the
researcher takes a solution based on statistical analysis, so the choice will depend on the
researcher whether to use a qualitative research design or perhaps to use a qualitative research
design.