CAUSES & EFFECTS/SOLUTIONS

EXAMPLE

1. In some countries, there is not enough respect for elderly people. Why is this the case?
Suggest some solutions.

I. STRUCTURE OF THE ESSAY

This essay is easy to structure for every question you can always structure it as follows:

Paragraph 1: Introduction

Paragraph 2: Question 1 (causes)

Paragraph 3: Question 2 (effects/solutions)

Paragraph 4: Conclusion

II. TEMPLATE

1. Template 1:

a. Introduction: Now in many countries, (paraphrase đề) has increased dramatically/ has
become extremely serious. In this essay, reasons for this phenomenon will be analyzed and
relevant solutions will be provided as well

b. Body
- Body 1: The causes of -noun phrase- are manifold. First, idea 1 . It is true that support
idea 1. Furthermore, idea 2. It is obvious that …; hence …. Thirdly, …. Apparently, …
 - Body 2: On the basis of the above reasoning, comprehensive solutions have been
identified. The first solution …. It is evident that …. The next solution is…. To be more
specific, …. The final solution …. For instance, …
c. Conclusion: To sum up, varied reasons have given rise to (paraphrase đề bài)…, thus I firmly
believe steps such as (viết lại 2 solutions) must be taken to tackle the worrisome situation.

d. Sample

In some countries, there is not enough respect for elderly people. Why is this the case? Suggest
some solutions.

These days in some countries, respect for elderly people is not enough. In this essay, reasons
for this phenomenon will be analyzed and relevant solutions will be provided as well.

The causes of lack of respect for elder people are manifold. First, more and more young people
are losing traditional values. (đưa ra tình trạng hiện tại) It is true that traditional values such as
respecting the elderly are disappearing amongst youngsters. Furthermore, the modern belief
system values success based on how much money a person makes. (đưa sự thật hiển nhiên) It is
obvious that elderly people have retired and do not make money anymore; hence young people
stop respecting them at the same time. Thirdly, because of the increasing average life
expectancy, there are more and more elderly people in the society. Apparently, this trend makes
elderly people less valued by others.

On the basis of the above reasoning, comprehensive solutions have been identified. The first
solution is reinforcing traditional values and beliefs. It is evident that schools should teach
young people more about traditional ideas so that youngsters can better understand the
importance of traditional wisdom and virtues. The next solution is educating the general public.
To be more specific, it is time for the government to correct the money-oriented mindset among
citizens. The final solution is raising the awareness about respect in general. For instance, the
community should promote the significance of respect for the elderly so that youngsters can be
aware of why they must respect senior citizens.

To sum up, varied reasons have given rise to the absence of respect for elderly people, thus I
firmly believe steps such as reinforcing traditional values, correcting the money-oriented
mindset and raising the awareness about respect must be taken to tackle the worrisome
situation.
2. Template 2:

a. Introduction: …………… is becoming increasingly serious in many nations. This essay will
discuss the reasons for this phenomenon and examine some of the possible effects it will
have on society/ family/ .

b. Body:
- Body 1: The causes of -noun phrase- are manifold. First, idea 1 . It is true that support
idea 1. Furthermore, idea 2. It is obvious that …; hence …. Thirdly, …. Apparently, …

- Body 2: The effects of this trend are very obvious. The first consequence is that idea 1.
Support 1. The second effect is idea 2. Support idea 2

c. Conclusion: In conclusion, viết lại đề in short is a serious issue because it causes harmful
effects. Although the problem is unlikely to be entirely eliminated in the short term there are
concrete steps to reduce the effects it is having on the current society.

d. Sample

Drug abuse is becoming increasingly serious in many nations. Although drugs threaten many
societies, their effects can also be combated successfully. This essay looks at some of the
problems caused by drug use on society, and suggests some solutions to the problems.

The effects of this trend are very obvious. The first effect is medial. For example addicts abuse
their bodies and neglect their health, and so eventually require expensive treatment or
hospitalization. In some cases, such as Marilyn Monroe, a drug overdose even leads to death.
The second effect is crime. People who take drugs become crazy and irrational and often cause
harm and danger to themselves and others.

However, the menace of drugs can be fought. Education is the main way to tackle this issue.
People need to be aware of the effects so that they can avoid this problem. In addition, the
government could also use infomercials to educate their citizens. This is a good approach
because they can alert all citizens about the negative aspects of using drugs.
In conclusion, drug abuse is a serious issue because it causes harmful effects on people's
health and people who are high often commit crimes. Although the problem is unlikely to be
entirely eliminated in the short term these are concrete steps to reduce the effects it is having
on the current society.

III. PRACTICE

1. Today more people are overweight than ever before.

What in your opinion are the primary causes of this?

What measures can be taken to overcome this epidemic?

2. Many university graduates leave university facing uncertainty and unemployment. What are
effects of this problem? Offer some solutions.