ADA 3 BACAAN YANG HARUS ANDA TERJEMAHKAN DENGAN NILAI 85

1. WATER AND ITS ENVIRONMENT

Water is the most common subtance on earth and the most important. All living
things depend on water. Water also helps to create our weather, and flowing water changes the
face of earth. For people, water helps to grow crops, to drive machinery, to provide
transportation and recreation.
People use far more water than the amount they need to stay alive. We need water
to drink, and use water to wash ourselves, our clothes, and our dishes, to brush our teeth, to cook
our food, and in many other ways.
Water is essential for growing crops. In some areas the land does not get enough
rain or it gets rain at the wrong time of year for farming. Farmers may supply the needed water
through irrigation.
People must have fresh water for almost all their water requirements. But the
salty water of the ocean accounts for about 97 percent of all the water on earth. Most of the
remaining 3 percent-which is fresh (unsalty) water is frozen in polar ice caps or glaciers or is
circulating as water vapour. Ocean water, ice and water vapour do not satisfy the needs of
people.
Efforts must be taken to present water and its environment from being polluted.
People have polluted (dirtied) the water supply and made them unfit to use. Some steps have
been to reduce water pollution. The most serious water pollutants are sewage, detergents,
insecticides and oil.
To day people have begun to work toward solving these water problems.

2. THE FARM BUSINESS

Every farmer is a manager who operates a farm business on his farm. It
is a business because the farmer’s purpose is to produce products either for
sale or for use by his family.
This idea will be denied by many people, who say that farming is not
business but a way of life. They say this especially about simple agriculture.
Their argument is that business activities include buying and selling, whereas
farming consists of planting and plowing, with the harvest depending upon the
process of nature. They say that farmers and their families associate
production with use and work with enjoyment.
 This is attitude of many officials and planes who prefer to beleive that
farmers do not care about price changes. They prefer to believe that farmers
do not act as business, and that they are to be directed by the orders and
rules of others.

It is true that farming is a way of life,and that production is associated with use.
It is also true that social satisfactions include in daily activities of farmers in many
communities.

3. TRADE AND COMMERCE

One has vegetables but wants fruit. Another man has a great deal of fruit,
but wants some vegetables. So the first man gives some of his vegetables to the
second man, and the second man gives some of his fruit. He has exchanged the
vegetables for the fruit. They are satisfied now. Trade has made them happy. This
is a simple form of trading called battering.

The exchange of goods and services to satisfy the needs of consumers is

known as trade or cormerce. “Trade usually refers to the exchange of a particular
product. For instances, people aften say that a country’s main trade is in tea,
coffee, and sugar. The word ‘commerce’ covers all aspects of trading.

Trade began with the first exchange of goods by primitive people. At first
they literally bartered grain for cloth, cloth for knife, and so on. But battering was
not practical because traders could not always find other traders with exactly the
kind of goods they wanted. People began to exchange their goods for money, which
they could use, in turn to buy what they need.

Many foreigners have come to Indonesia for trade. The first traders came
for species. That was very long time ago. Now the traders come here for many
other things.

History has shown us that a country has to trade if its people want a
better life. Indonesia is trying to improve its trade. It sells many things to other
countries but the important things are oil, rubber, tin, copra.
 What has trade with other countries brought to us. It has brought the
things that we do not make. The cars that we drive, the trains that we ride in, and
the watches that we wear are the examples of these things.

But we can trade only if we have more things than we need. So we have to
make or produce more things to sell.