SAMPLE PROBLEM 2/3 ‘The spring-mounted slider moves in the horizontal guide with négligible friction and hus a velocity vy in the s-lirection as it erosses the mid-pasition where # = 0 and ¢ = 0, The two springs together exert a retarding force to the motion of the slider. which gives it an seceleration proportional to the displace- ment but oppositely direeted and equal to a = —#4s, where f is constant. (The constant is arbitrarily squared for later convenience in the form of the expres- sions.) Determine the expressions for the displacement # and yelocity » as fanc- tions of the time f. Solution 1. Since the acceleration is specified in terms of the displacement, the differential relation v de = a ds may be integrated, This, — Helpful Hints o Joede=[-isde+€,ncontant, or =H +c, @ We liars sed ins ind dt ‘bere and evaluated the constant of When s = 0, 0 = ms, s0 that C; = 0,#/2, and the velocity becomes integration. Por practice, obi the 5= LEE same results by using tho definite fee integral with the appropriate Limits, “Tho plus sign of the radical is taken when v is positive (in the plus s-diroction). ‘This last expression may he integrated by substituting v ~ ds/di. Thus, +Cyaconstant, or bein tae + fies Cae sean ar gS tn abn tnegel ies as above With tho requirement of t = 0 whens = 0, the constant of integration becomes (= 0, and we may solve the equation for s s0 that sin kt An, ‘The velocity is v = &, which gives v= uy ens kt Ans. Solution Il. the given relation may be written at once as i+Ke=0 ‘This is an ordinary linear differential equation of second order for which the so- ution is well lenown and is Asin K+ Beas Kt where A,B, and K are constants. Substitution of this expression into the differ- ential equation shows that it satisfies the equation, provided that K = &. The ve- locity ise = &, which becomes v= Ak cosht — Bk sin ht @ This motion is called simple har ‘The initial condition » = vp when ¢ = 0 requires that A = vy, andthe condition i odion ail inchatacterialic of 5 — Owlwu t — 0 yives B — 0. Thus, Une solution is Ai cucsliticatac setae: a eoameatag Be force, and hence rhe seveleration, is e s-Dsinkl and v =v) con ht ‘Ans, proportional to the: diapleement but ‘Sppasite in sign.Sample Problem 2, A-rocket has expended aif its fuel when it reaches position A, where it has a velocity of tat an angle # with respect to the horizontal, Tt then begins unpows cored flight and attains a maximum added height # at position B after travelinys a horizontal distance x from A. Determine the expressions for h ands, the time t of flight from A to #, and the equation of the path. Far the interval concerned, ase sume a flat earth with a constant gravitational acceleration g and neglect any at- mosphoric resistance, Solution. Since all motion components are directly exprossiblo in terms of horizontal and vertical coordinates, a vectangular sit of axes a-y will be em- T) ployed. With the neglect of atmospheric resistance, a, = 0 anda, © ~g, and the ‘resulting motion is a direct superposition of two rectilinear motions stant asceleration. ‘Thus, Idx =v, dl - (ae,=e,2i [d= ['c-aiae gy =usin et dy = atl ye [ovsin dae y= utsin 6 —3at? Position # is reached when 1, = 0, which occurs for = t= tu sin ig Ans. Substitution of this value for the time into the expression for y gives the maxi- mum added altitude rou ‘The horizontal distance is soen to be a seu(tttt) cone 6 which is clearly @ maximum shen # = 45°, The equation of the path is obtained by eliminating f from the expressions for x and y, which gives prumr-ftale fat ©) ‘This equation desicribies a vertical parabota aa indicated i the figure. © Note that this problem is simply the ‘description of progectile mation ne alecting atmoepherie restatanse. @ We vee that the total range and time AP flight for a projectile Bred above: a horizontal plano would be twice the respective values of « and ¢ given here. @ Wotincsphiorie resistance! were to be acrounted far, the:rlependenes: of the Acceleration campanenta wn the ve locity rwoteld Have to be extahtiatied before an integration of the equa tiotin could be, carried out. ‘Thia be- comes a rhtich more difficult protein.