Professional Documents
Culture Documents
pdf 1
General book Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore’s Pollan, M. (2006). The omnivore’s Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A
format Dilemma: A Natural History of Four dilemma: A natural history of four Natural History of Four Meals. New York:
Meals. Penguin, 2006. meals. New York, NY: Penguin Group. Penguin, 2006.
Single author Pollan, Michael. . . . Pollan, M. (2006). . . . Pollan, Michael. . . .
Two authors Bell, James K., and Adrian A. Cohn. . . . Use the ampersand (&) instead of Bell, James K., and Adrian A. Cohn. . . .
“and.”
Bell, J. K., & Cohn A. (1968). . . .
Three to … Include the first author’s name, For 3 to 7 authors, include every For 3 to 10 authors, include all names in
authors. followed by et al. author. List by last names and initials. bibliography, but only the first author’s
Kernis, Michael, et al. Commas separate author names. An name in notes, followed by et al with no
ampersand should come before the comma before et al.
last author’s name. Kernis, Michael, David Cornell, C Sun, Adam
Kernis, M. H., Cornell, D. P., Sun, C. R., Berry, Thomas Harlow, and Janeen Bach. . .
Berry, A., Harlow, T., & Bach, J. S. .
(1993). There's more to self-esteem
than whether it is high or low: The
importance of stability of self-
esteem. Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology, 65, 1190-1204.
Many authors Format as per “three to … authors” If there are more than seven authors, For more than 10 authors, list the first seven
(above). after the sixth author's name, use an names in the bibliography followed by et
ellipses in place of the remaining al. Otherwise, format notes as per 3-10
names. Then provide the final author authors (above).
name.
Miller, F. H., Choi, M. J., Angeli, L. L.,
Harland, A. A., Stamos, J. A., Thomas, S.
T., . . . Rubin, L. H. (2009)....
Corporate/ American Psychiatric Association... . American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. . . .
Organization (2005). . . .
author
Unknown Start with the title. Start with the title. Start with the title.
author Oxford Essential World Atlas… Oxford essential world atlas. (2001). . . . Oxford Essential World Atlas. . . .
Two or more Use the author’s name in the first Include the author’s name for each Use the author’s name in the first entry. Use
works by the entry. Use three hyphens followed by entry. Order according to year (earliest three hyphens followed by a period (in place
same author a period (in place of the name) for first). of the name) for subsequent entries. Order
subsequent entries. Order entries Borroff, M. (1979). . . . entries alphabetically by title.
alphabetically by title. Borroff, Marie. Language and the Poet: Verbal
Borroff, Marie. Language and the Poet: Borroff, M. (1992). . . . Artistry in Frost, Stevens, and Moore.
Verbal Artistry in Frost, Stevens, and Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979.
Moore. U of Chicago P, 1979. ———. “Sound Symbolism as Drama in the
———.“Sound Symbolism as Drama in Poetry of Robert Frost.” PMLA 107, no. 1,
the Poetry of Robert Frost.” PMLA, (1992): 131-44, accessed 5 May 2018,
vol. 107, no. 1, 1992, pp. 131-44. www.jstor.org/stable/462806.
JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/462806
Two or more Change noted by title. See entry Include the author’s name for each Change noted by title. See entry above.
works by the above. entry. Order according to year. Within
same author, a single year, order alphabetically by
same year. title. Give repeated years a lowercase
letter suffix.
Slechty, P. C. (1997a). . . .
Slechty, P. C. (1997b). . . .
Author with Poston, Ted. A First Draft of History. Poston, T. (2000). A First draft of history. Poston, Ted. A First Draft of History, edited by
an editor Edited by Kathleen A. Hauke, U of K. A. Hauke (Ed.). Athens: University of Kathleen A. Hauke. Athens: University of
Georgia Press, 2000. Georgia Press. Georgia Press, 2000.
Author with a Laplace, Pierre-Simon. A Philosophical Laplace, P. S. (1902). A philosophical Laplace, P. S. A Philosophical Essay on
translator Essay on Probabilities. Translated by essay on probabilities. (F. W. Truscott Probabilities. Translated by F. W. Truscott
F. W. Truscott and F. L. Emory. John & F. L. Emory, Trans.). London: John and F. L. Emory. London: John Wiley and
Wiley & Sons, 1902. Wiley & Sons. Sons, 1902.
Editor with no Duncan, Greg J., and Jeanne Brooks- Duncan, G. J., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (Eds.). Duncan, G. J. and J. Brooks-Gunn, eds.
author Gunn, editors. Consequences of (1997). Consequences of growing up Consequences of Growing Up. New York:
Growing up Poor. Russell Sage poor. New York, NY: Russell Sage Russell Sage Foundation, 1997.
Foundation, 1997. Foundation.
Work in an Harris, Muriel. “Talk to Me: Engaging Harris, M. (2000). Talk to me: Harris, Muriel. "Talk to Me: Engaging
anthology Reluctant Writers.” A Tutor's Guide: Engaging reluctant writers. In Ben Reluctant Writers." In A Tutor's Guide:
Helping Writers, edited by Ben Rafoth (Ed.), A tutor’s guide: Helping Helping Writers One to One, edited by Ben
Rafoth, Heinemann, 2000, pp. 24–34. writers one to one (pp. 24–34). Rafoth, 24–34. Portsmouth, NH:
Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Heinemann, 2000.
Edition other Helfer, M. E., et al. The Battered Child. Helfer, M. E., Kempe, R. S., & Krugman, Helfer, M.E., R.S. Kempe, and R.D. Krugman.
than first 5th ed., U of Chicago P, 1997. R. D. (1997). The battered child (5th The Battered Child. 5th ed. Chicago:
ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1997.
Press.
Multivolume In a multivolume set, list the volume Wiener, P. (Ed.). (1973). Dictionary of Weiner, Philip, ed. Dictionary of the History of
work that you consulted and its the history of ideas (Vols. 1–4). New Ideas. 4 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's
corresponding publication year. York, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons. Sons, 1968–73.
Wiener, Philip P., editor. Dictionary of
the History of Ideas. Vol. 1, Charles
Scribner’s Sons, 1968.
Encyclopedia/ Posner, Rebecca. “Romance Posner, R. (1987). Romance languages. Well-known encyclopedias cited in notes
Dictionary Languages.” The Encyclopedia In The Encyclopedia Britannica: only.
Britannica: Macropedia, 15th ed., Macropedia (15th ed.). Chicago, IL: 1. The Encyclopedia Britannica: Macropedia,
1987. William Benton. 15th ed. (1987), s.v. “Romance
Languages.” (Chicago: William Benton),
175.
Foreword, Duncan, Hugh Dalziel. Introduction. Duncan, H. D. (1984). Introduction. In Duncan, Hugh Dalziel. Introduction to
introduction, Permanence and Change: An K. Burke (Ed.), Permanence and Permanence and Change: An Anatomy of
preface, or Anatomy of Purpose, by Kenneth change: An anatomy of purpose Purpose, xiii–xliv. By Kenneth Burke, xiii-
afterword Burke, U of California P, 1984, pp. xiii- (pp. xiii–xliv). Berkeley, CA: xliv. Berkeley: University of California
xliv. University of California Press. Press, 1984.
Articles in Periodicals Although periodicals are cited similarly In APA periodical citation, authors are CMOS periodical citations include author
to most book sources, MLA’s eighth named by their last name followed by name, article title, publication title,
edition makes some distinctions initials; the publication year goes publication date, and issue information.
specific to periodicals. between parentheses and is followed by CMOS also requires citation of a URL if the
a period. Only the first word and proper journal was accessed online.
nouns are capitalized for article titles.
Periodical titles are written in title case
and followed by the volume number,
which, with the title, is also italicized.
Magazine Poniewozik, James. “Election 2000: TV Poniewozik, J. (2000, November 20). Poniewozik, James. "Election 2000: TV Makes
Makes a Too-Close Call.” Time, 20 Election 2000: TV makes a too-close a Too-Close Call." Time, November 20,
Nov. 2000, pp. 70-71. call. Time, 156(21), 70–71. 2000.
Scholarly Bagchi, Alaknanda. “Conflicting Bagchi, A. (1996). Conflicting Bagchi, Alaknanda. "Conflicting Nationalisms:
Journal Nationalisms: The Voice of the nationalisms: The voice of the The Voice of the Subaltern in Mahasweta
(paginated by Subaltern in Mahasweta Devi’s subaltern in Mahasweta Devi’s Bashai Devi's Bashai Tudu." Tulsa Studies in
issue) Bashai Tudu.” Tulsa Studies in Tudu. Tulsa Studies in Women’s Women’s Literature 15, no. 1 (Spring
Women’s Literature, vol. 15, no 1, Literature, 15(1), 41–50. 1996): 41–50.
Spring 1996, pp. 41-50.
Daily Krugman, Paul. "Fear of Eating." New Krugman, P. (2007, May 21). Fear of Krugman, Paul. "Fear of Eating." New York
newspaper York Times, 21 May 2007, late ed., p. eating. New York Times, p. A1. Times (New York, NY), May 21, 2007.
A1.
Editorial in "Of Mines and Men." Editorial. Wall Editorial: Of mines and men [Editorial]. Cited in notes only, without headline.
newspaper Street Journal, 24 Oct. 2003, p. A14. (2003, Oct 24). The Wall Street 1. “Of Mines and Men,” editorial, Wall
without Journal, p. A14. Street Journal, October 24, 2003.
author
Letter to the Hamer, John. Letter. American Hamer, J. [Letter to the editor]. Cited in notes only, without headline.
editor Journalism Review, Dec. 2006/Jan. (2006/2007, December/January). 1. John Hamer, letter to the editor,
2007, p. 7. American Journalism Review, p. 7. American Journalism Review (College Park,
MD), December 2006/January 2007.
Book or film Seitz, Matt Zoller. "Life in the Sprawling Seitz, M. Z. (2007, May 30). Life in the Sietz, Matt Zoller. Review of Radiant City,
review Suburbs, If You Can Really Call It sprawling suburbs, if you can really call directed by Gary Burns and Jim Brown.
Living." Review of Radiant City, it living [Review of the film Radiant New York Times, May 30, 2007, Late
directed by Gary Burns and Jim City, directed by Gary Burns and Jim edition.
Brown, New York Times, 30 May Brown, 2006]. New York Times, late
2007, p. E1. ed., p. E1.
Online Sources For most online sources, the MLA asks In APA citation, online sources often CMOS citation requires the URL or DOI to be
for author/editor, title, website title, include DOIs (digital object identifiers). listed at the end of the citation. The date of
publisher/organization, publication If a DOI is available, it is used in place of access should also be included if there is no
date, volume/issue number, page a URL. The DOI is frequently found on publication or modification date. Citations for
numbers, and URL. However, the URL the first page of an online source. APA websites should be included in the notes, and
should omit http:// or https://. generally cites author, date, page title, only included in the bibliography if there are
Whenever possible, use a permalink or site title, available page numbers, and a no notes.
DOI (digital object identifier) instead of URL or DOI.
a URL. A date of access can also be Titles of websites are usually set in roman
helpful, especially if the source does (i.e., no formatting). However, titles of blogs,
not have a publication date. books, journals, shows, movies, and similar
sources should be italicized.
General Author/Editor. Name of Site. Version Author. (Year [use n.d. if not given]). Author (and/or owner, sponsor).
format number, Name of Article or page title. Larger Publication “Document/Webpage Title.” Title of Website.
publisher/organizer, date of Title, volume number(issue number). Updated or Accessed Date. URL.
publication (if available), Retrieved from http://url address
URL/DOI/permalink. Date of access (if For Notes:
applicable). 1. “Title of Document/Webpage,” Title of
website, Author/Owner, last modified date or
accessed date, URL.
Entire The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and
Website Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U. (2008). The Purdue OWL Purdue U. The Purdue OWL Family of Sites.
Purdue U, 2008, Family of Sites. Retrieved July 16, Accessed 16 July 2018.
owl.english.purdue.edu/owl. 2018, from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/
Accessed 16 July 2018. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/
Page from Shiva, Vandana. “Bioethics: A Third Shiva, V. (2006, February). Bioethics: A Shiva, Vandana. “Bioethics: A Third World
Website World Issue.” Nativeweb, third world issue. Nativeweb. Issue.” Nativeweb. Accessed July 14, 2018.
www.nativeweb.org/pages/legal/ Retrieved from https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontlin
shiva.html. Accessed 14 July 2018. http://www.nativeweb.org/pages/leg e/shows/cool/giants/.
al/shiva.html
Page from “Media Giants.” Frontline: The Media giants. (2001). PBS. Retrieved “Media Giants.” PBS online. Accessed July 14,
Website with Merchants of Cool, PBS, from 2018.
unknown www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/fron http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline
author shows/cool/giants. Accessed July 14, tline/shows/cool/giants/ /shows/cool/giants.
2018.
Image from a Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles Goya, F. (1800). The family of Charles IV. Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV,
Website IV. 1800. Museo Nacional del Prado, Museo National del Prado. Retrieved 1800. Painting. Museo Nacional del Prado,
Madrid. Museo Nacional del Prado, from Madrid.
www.museodelprado.es/en/the- http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/goy
collection/art-work/the-family-of- /goya/hd_goya.htm a/hd_goya.htm.
carlos-iv/f47898fc-aa1c-48f6-a779-
71759e417e74. Accessed 22 May
2006.
Online book Delabastita, Dirk, and Lieven D’hulst. Delabastita, D., & L. D’hulst. (1990). Delabastita, Dirk, and Lieven D’hulst.
European Shakespeares: Translating European Shakespeares. Translating European Shakespeares: Translating
Shakespeare in the Romantic Age. Shakespeare in the Romantic Age. Shakespeare in the Romantic Age.
John Benjamins Publishing Company, Retrieved from Amsterdamn: John Benjamins Publishing
1990, Proquest E-book, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ Company, 1990.
ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/purdu purdue/detail.action?docID=842928 http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/purd
e/detail.action?docID=842928. ue/detail.action?docID=842928.
Portion of an Adams, H. “Diplomacy.” The Education Adams, H. (1918). “Diplomacy.” In The Adams, Henry. “Diplomacy.” The Education of
online book of Henry Adams, Houghton Mifflin education of Henry Adams. Retrieved Henry Adams. Boston: Houghton Mifflin
Co., 1918. Bartleby, from Co., 1918.
www.bartleby.com/159/8.html. http://www.bartleby.com/159/8.html http://www.bartleby.com/159/8.html.
Article in an Bent, Henry E. "Professionalization of Bent, H. (1959). Professionalization of Bent, Henry E. “Professionalization of the
online journal the Ph.D. Degree.” The Journal of the Ph.D. degree. The Journal of Higher Ph.D. Degree.” The Journal of Higher
Higher Education, vol. 30, no.3, 1959 Education, 30(3), 140–145. Education 30, no. 3 (1959): 140–45.
pp. 140-45, JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/1978286. Accessed July 14, 2018.
www.jstor.org/stable/1978286. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1978286.
Accessed 14 July 2018.
Article in an Bernstein, Mark. “10 Tips on Writing Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing Bernstein, M. “10 Tips on Writing the Living
online the Living Web.” A List Apart, 16 Aug. the living web. A List Apart: For People Web.” A List Apart, August 16, 2002.
magazine/ 2002, Who Make Websites. Retrieved from http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliv
newspaper alistapart.com/article/writeliving. http://www.alistapart.com/articles/wr ing.
Accessed 4 May 2009. iteliving
Entire blog Mayer, Caroline. The Checkout. Mayer, C. (2007, January 10). The Mayer, Caroline. The Checkout (blog).
Washington Post, checkout. [Weblog]. Retrieved from Washington Post.
blog.washingtonpost.com/thechecko http://blog.washingtonpost.com/thec http://blog.washingtonpost.com/thecheck
ut. Accessed 19 Jan. 2007. heckout/ out/.
Single Blog Mayer, Caroline. “Stamps to Become a Mayer, C. (2006, May 24). Stamps to Mayer, Caroline. “Stamps to Become a
Entry Marketing Vehicle.” The Checkout, 24 become marketing vehicle. [Web log Marketing Vehicle.” The Checkout (blog).
May 2006, Washington Post, post]. The checkout. Retrieved from Washington Post, May 24, 2006.
www.washingtonpost.com/wp- http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp- http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-
dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR2 dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR20 dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR200605
006052301593.html?noredirect=on. 06052301593.html 2301593.html
Accessed 19 July 2018.
Comment or Jay Dean. Comment on “When the Self J Dean. (2008, May 7). When the self Cited in notes only.
response on a Emerges: Is That Me in the Mirror?.” emerges: Is that me in the mirror? 1. Jay Dean, May 7, 2008 (4:00 p.m.),
blog post Psyblog, 7 May 2008, 4:00 p.m., [web log comment]. Retrieved from comment on “When the Self Emerges: Is
http://www.spring.org.uk/the1sttran http://www.spring.org.uk/the1sttrans That Me in the Mirror?,”
sport. port http://www.spring.org.uk/the1sttransport.
E-mail Kunka, Andrew. "Re: Modernist Not included in references. Cited in notes only.
Literature." Received by John Watts, 1. Andrew Kunka, e-mail message to John
15 Nov. 2000. Watts, November 15, 2000.
Multimedia Sources MLA Format for multimedia sources Electronic sources in APA format may When citing media sources in CMOS format,
considers if the entry is highlighting the include a digital object identifier (DOI) include as much information as is available
contribution of a particular person, number. When a DOI is evident, it may regarding author, producer, sponsor,
such as performer, director, or creator. be used in place of a URL address. An publication, medium, dates, site title, and any
MLA also considers if a film or online source should include either a available URL. An access date is not always
television show was watched online. DOI or a URL. needed in CMOS formatting.
Television "The One Where Chandler Can't Bright, K. (Director). (2004). "The one Bright, Kevin. "The One Where Chandler Can't
Shows Cry." Friends: The Complete Sixth where Chandler can't cry." Friends: Cry." Friends: The Complete Sixth Season.
(Recorded Season, written by Andrew Reich The complete sixth season [Television 2004; Burbank, CA: Warner Brothers, 2004.
Episodes, and Ted Cohen, directed by Kevin series]. Burbank, CA: Warner Brothers. DVD.
Broadcast Bright, Warner Brothers, 2004.
TV or Radio
Program ,
Netflix/Hulu/
Google Play,
and Entire
Series)
Song or Nirvana. "Smells Like Teen Cobain, K. (1991). Smells like teen spirit Nirvana. "Smells Like Teen Spirit." Recorded
Album Spirit." Nevermind, Geffen, 1991. [Recorded by Nirvana]. On Nevermind. 1991. Track 1 on Nevermind. DGC Records.
(Spotify, Santa Monica, CA: DGC Records. Compact disc.
Online Album,
CD)
Lecture/ Stein, Bob. “Reading and Writing in the Stein, B. (2003, May 23). Keynote Stein, Bob. “Reading and Writing in the Digital
Public address Digital Era.” Discovering Digital Address on reading and writing in the Era.” Keynote Address at Discovering
Dimensions, Computers and Writing digital era. Discovering Digital Digital Dimensions, Computers and Writing
Conference, 23 May 2003, Union Club Dimensions, Computers and Writing Conference, West Lafayette, IN, May 23,
Hotel, West Lafayette, IN. Keynote Conference, Union Club Hotel, West 2003.
Address. Lafayette, IN.
Other Sources
The Purdue Clements, Jessica, et al. "General Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Clements, Jessica, Elizabeth Angeli, Karen
OWL Format." Purdue Online Writing Lab, Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderlund, Schiller, S. C. Gooch, Laurie Pinkert, Allen
Purdue University, 7 April 2010, L., & Brizee, A. (2010, May 5). General Brizee, and Vanessa Iacocca. “General
owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource format. Retrieved from Format.” Purdue Online Writing Lab. Last
/747/01/. Accessed 20 Dec. 2010. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/re edited February 16, 2018.
source/560/01/ https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resour
ce/717/01/.
Dissertation If dissertation is published, italicize Mihwa, C. (2008). Contesting Mihwa, Choi. "Contesting Imaginaries in
the title and include publication date imaginaries in death rituals during the Death Rituals During the Northern Song
and UMI (University Microfilms northern song dynasty (Doctoral Dynasty." Dissertation, Purdue University,
International) order number. If not dissertation). Retrieved from Purdue e- 2008.
published, put the title in quotation Pubs (3300426).
marks and end with the degree date.
Choi, Mihwa. Contesting Imaginaries in
Death Rituals during the Northern
Song Dynasty. Dissertation,
University of Chicago, 2008.
ProQuest, 3300426, 2008.
In-Text Citations
Citing Books Like most source documentation APA adds to MLA style by including Footnotes or endnotes are used when citing
systems, MLA uses in-text citations to page number(s) and date. The date is within the text of a CMOS formatted
give readers information and directs generally provided parenthetically next document. Often a final bibliography is also
readers to the more specific Works to author(s’) names, while page included at the end of a text. Footnotes in
Cited page should a reader want to numbers always appear parenthetically CMOS style generally include the author
pursue a source further. Generally, at the ends of sentences. The date is name, the publication title, publication date,
MLA in-text citation requires an author important in social science because it publisher information with the very first
name and a page number where the helps demonstrate the relevance citation, and a page number.
information being cited can be found. (newness) of the work being cited.
Author Philosopher Stephen C. Pepper refers to Philosopher Stephen C. Pepper (1961) Philosopher Stephen C. Pepper refers to this
named in a this phenomenon as a “cumulative refers to this phenomenon as a phenomenon as a “cumulative collaboration
signal phrase collaboration of evidence” (49). “cumulative collaboration of evidence” of evidence.”12
(p. 49).
Match number 12 to endnote 12 at the
bottom of the page or in notes section
12. Stephen C. Pepper, World Hypotheses
(Los Angeles: University of California Press,
1961), 49.
Author not This phenomenon is best referred to as This phenomenon is best referred to as This phenomenon is best referred to as a
named in a a “cumulative collaboration of a “cumulative collaboration of “cumulative collaboration of evidence.”12
signal phrase evidence” (Pepper 49). evidence” (Pepper, 1961, p. 49).
12. Stephen C. Pepper, World Hypotheses
(Los Angeles: University of California Press,
1961), 49.
Unknown This phenomenon is best referred to as This phenomenon is best referred to as This phenomenon is best referred to as a
author a “cumulative collaboration of a “cumulative collaboration of “cumulative collaboration of evidence.”12
evidence” (World Hypotheses 49). evidence” (World Hypotheses, 1961, p.
49). 12. World Hypotheses (Los Angeles:
University of California Press, 1961), 49.
Unknown This phenomenon is best referred to as According to Pepper (1961), this This phenomenon is best referred to as a
page number a “cumulative collaboration of phenomenon is best referred to as a “cumulative collaboration of evidence.”12
evidence” (Pepper). “cumulative collaboration of evidence”
Subsequent citations should use only with Academic Words,” College Composition
the first author’s name, followed by et and Communication 41, no. 1 (1990).
al.
In 1990, Anderson et al. produced a
study…
Corporate The American Psychological According to the American This study demonstrated the significant role
author Association’s study demonstrated the Psychological Association (2000),... of prayer as a coping mechanism for health.9
significant role of prayer as a coping
mechanism for health (67). 9. American Psychological Association,
“National Trends in Prayer Use as a Coping
Mechanism for Health Concerns: Changes
from 2002 to 2007,” Psychology of Religion
and Spirituality (2000).
Authors with Although some medical ethicists claim …the effects of cloning for medical Does not apply; endnotes will differentiate.
the same last that cloning will lead to designer research (R. Miller, 2001, p. 12; A.
name children (R. Miller 12), others note that Miller, 2009, p.19).
the advantages for medical research
outweigh this consideration (A. Miller
46).
Multivolume If citing from more than one volume, Use the page number and date; 10. Phillip P. Weiner, Dictionary of the
work use the volume number followed by a indicate the volume in the reference History of Ideas, 6 vols., (New York: Charles
page number, e.g. (2:119). section only. Scribner and Sons, 2004).
Two or more Many 19th century American authors Many 19th century American authors Many 19th century American authors noted
works in the noted the importance of religion in noted the importance of religion in the importance of religion in conceiving
same conceiving nature (Emerson 1123; conceiving nature (Emerson, 1836; nature.22
parentheses Thoreau 1994). Thoreau, 1862).
Podcast/ Use video author/podcast name and Use video/podcast author name, if Include in notes as a document from a
YouTube given title. Include the range of hours, known, title, and posting date. Include website.
minutes, and seconds you plan to the range of hours, minutes, and
reference, like so (00:02:15-00:02:35) seconds you plan to reference, like so 31. David Kestenbaum, “A Big Bridge in the
(00:02:15-00:02:35) Wrong Place,” in Planet Money Podcast,