MATHEMATICS PAPER - 1B

COORDINATE GEOMETRY (2D &3D) AND CALCULUS

TIME: 3hrs Max. Marks.75

Note: This question paper consists of three sections A, B and C.

SECTION-A

m
co
Very Short Answer Type Questions. 10X2 =20

n.
1. Find the value of k, if the straight lines 6 x − 10 y + 3 = 0 and kx − 5 y + 8 = 0 are

io
parallel.

at
2. Find the condition for the points ( a, 0 ) , ( h, k ) and ( 0,b ) where ab ≠ 0 to be
uc
collinear
ed

3. Find the fourth vertex of the parallelogram whose consecutive vertices are
( 2, 4, −1) , ( 3, 6, −1) and ( 4,5,1)
i
sh

4. Find the angle between the planes 2 x − y + z = 6 and x + y + 2 z = 7

ak
.s

 3x − 1 
5. Compute lim  
w

x →0
 1 + x −1 
w
w

8 x + 3x
6. Computute lim
x →∞ 3 x − 2x
.

7. If y = log ( sin ( log x ) ) , find

dy
dx

8. If the increase in the side of a square is 4% find the percentage of change in the area
of the square.
9. Find the value of ‘C’ in the Rolle’s theorem for the function f ( x ) = x 2 + 4 on

[ −3,3]

, if y = ( Cot −1 x3 )
dy 2
Find
10. dx

m
co
n.
io
SECTION-B
at
uc
Short Answer Type Questions 5X4 =20
ed

Note: Answer any FIVE questions. Each question carries 4 marks.

i
sh
ak

11. The ends of the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle are ( 0, 6 ) and ( 6, 0 ) .
.s

Find the equation of locus of its third vertex.

w
w

12. When the axes are rotated through an angle 450 , the transformed equation of curve
is 17 x2 −16 xy + 17 y 2 = 225 . Find the original equation of the curve.
w

13. If the straight line ax + by + c = 0, bx + cy + a = 0 and cx + ay + b = 0

are concurrent, then prove that a 3 + b3 + c 3 = 3abc

14. Find derivative of the function sin 2x form the first principles w.r.to x.
15. Show that the length of the subnormal at any point on the curve xy = a 2 varies as

the cube of the ordinate of the point. xy = a 2

16. A point P is moving on the curve y = 2 x2 . The x co-ordinate of P is increasing at

the rate of 4 units per second. Find the rate at which the y co-ordinate is increasing
when the point
is at ( 2,8)

m
cos ax − cos bx 
17. Compute lim  

co
x→0
 x2 

n.
SECTION C

io
Long answer type questions. at 5X7 =35M
uc
Note: Answer any Five of the following. Each question carries 7 marks.
i ed
sh

18. Find the circumcentre of the triangle with the vertices ( −2,3) , ( 2, −1) and ( 4, 0 )
ak
.s

Show that the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the curve
19.
w

x2 − xy + y 2 + 3x + 3 y − 2 = 0 and the straight line x − y − 2 = 0 are mutually

w

perpendicular.
w

20. If the equation ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 =0 represents a pair of distinct (ie., intersecting) lines,
then the combined equation of the pair of bisectors of the angles between these
lines is h ( x 2 − y 2 ) = ( a − b ) xy . ax 2 + 2hxy + by 2 =

21. Find the angle between the lines whose direction cosines are given by the
equations 3l + m + 5n = 0 and 6mn − 2nl + 5lm = 0 .
 Find the derivative of ( sin x ) + x sin x with respective x.
log x
22.

Show that the curves 6 x2 − 5x + 2 y = 0 and 4 x2 + 8 y 2 = 3 touch each other at  ,  .

1 1
23.
 2 2 

24. Show that when the curved surface of right circular cylinder inscribed in a sphere
of radius ‘r’ is maximum, then the height of the cylinder is 2r .

m
co
SOLUTIONS

n.
Section A - VSAQ’S

io
1. Find the value of k, if the straight lines
at
uc
6x – 10y + 3 = 0 and k x – 5y + 8 = 0 are parallel.
Sol. Given lines are 6x – 10y + 3 = 0 and
ed

k x – 5y + 8 = 0
a1 b1
i

lines are parallel ⇒ =

sh

a2 b2

⇒ -30 = -10 k ⇒ k=3

ak

Find the condition for the points (a, 0), (h, k) and (0,b)where ab ≠ 0 to be collinear.
.s

2.
Sol. A(a, 0), B(h, k), C(0, b) are collinear.
w

k − 0 −b
= ⇒ ak = −bh + ab
w

⇒ Slope of AB = Slope of AC h−a a

w

h k
bh + ak = ab ⇒ + = 1
a b
3. Find the fourth vertex of the parallelogram whose consecutive vertices are (2, 4, –1), (3, 6, –1)
are (4, 5, 1).
Sol.
ABCD is a parallelogram
where
A = (2, 4, –1), B = (3, 6, –1), C = (4, 5, 1)
 Suppose D(x, y, z) is the fourth vertex
A B C D is a parallelogram
Midpoint of AC = Midpoint of BD
 2 + 4 4 + 5 −1 + 1   3 + x 6 + y −1 + z 
 , , = , , 
 2 7 2   2 2 2 
3+ x 6
= ⇒x=3
2 2
6+ y 9
= ⇒ y=3
2 2
z −1 0

m
= ⇒ z =1
2 2

co
∴ Coordinates of the fourth vertex are :
D (3, 3, 1)

n.
4. Find the angle between the planes 2x -y + z =6 and x + 2y + 2z = 7.

io
Sol. Equation of the plane are 2x -y + z =6 and x + 2y + 2z = 7.
Let θ be the angle between the planes, then

cos θ =
| a1a 2 + b1b 2 + c1c 2 |
at
uc
a12 + b12 + c12 a 22 + b 22 + c 22

| 2.1 − 1.2 + 1.2 |

ed

2 1
= =
= 4 +1+1 1+1+ 4
6 3
1
θ = cos −1
i
sh

 3x − 1 
5. L t 
ak


x →0  1 + x − 1 

3x − 1
.s

Lt
x →0 1+ x −1
= Lt
( 3x − 1) ( 1 + x + 1)
w

Sol: = L t 3 −1
x
1 + x + 1 x →0 1+ x −1
×
1+ x −1 1+ x +1 3x − 1
w

. Lt ( 1 + x + 1)
x →0
= Lt
( rationalise Dr.) x →0 x x →0
w

= ( log 3) ( 1 + 0 + 1) = 2.log 3

8 x + 3x
6. Lt
x →0 3 x − 2 x

Sol : as x → ∞ ⇒ x = x (∵ here x is positive )

8 x + 3x 8x + 3x 11x
Lt = Lt = Lt = 11
x →∞ 3 x − 2 x x →∞ 3 x − 2 x x →∞ x
 dy
7. If y = log ( sin ( log x ) ) , find .
dx
y = log ( sin ( log x ) )
dy d 1 d
= log ( sin ( log x ) ) == ( sin ( log x ) )
dx dx ( sin ( log x ) ) dx
1 d
= ( cos ( log x ) ) log x
( sin ( log x ) ) dx
1 1
= ( cos ( log x ) )
( sin ( log x ) ) x

8. Let x be the side and A be the area of the Square .

m
δx
percentage error in x is × 100 = 4

co
x
Area A= x 2

n.
Applying logs on both sides Log A = 2 logx

io
Taking differentials on both sides
1 1 δA δx
δA = 2. δx ⇒ ×100 = 2. × 100 at
A x A x
uc
= 2 x 4 =8.
ed

Therefore percentage error in A is 8%

9. Let f(x) = x2 + 4.
i
sh

f is continuous on [–3, 3]
since f(–3) = f(3) and
ak

f is differentiable on [–3, 3]
∴ By Rolle’s theorem ∃c ∈ (−1,1) Such that f′(c) = 0
.s

f′(x) = 2x = 0
w

∴ = f′(c) = 0
w

2c = 0 ⇒ c = 0
w

The point c = 0 ∈ (–3, 3)

dy
10. If y = (cot −1 x 3 )2 , find .
dx

Sol. u = cot −1 x 3 , u = x 3 , y = u 2
 du 1 du
=− , = 3x 2
dv 1 + u dx
2

dy 1
= 2u = 2 cot −1 (x 3 ) = −
dx 1 + x6
dy dy du dv
= ⋅ ⋅
dx dx dv dx
 1  2
= 2 cot −1 (x 3 )  − 6 
3x
 1+ x 
6x 2
=− cot −1 (x 3 )
1 + x6

m
co
n.
SECTION B- SAQ’S

io
11. The ends of the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle are (0, 6) and (6, 0). Find the equation of
locus of its third vertex.
at
uc
Ans. Given points A(2, 3), B(–1, 5).
ed

Let P(x, y) be any point in the locus.

P(x,y)
i
sh

0°

A(0,6) B(6,0)
ak
.s

Given condition is :∠APB = 90°

w

⇒ (slope of AP ) (slope of BP ) = –1
w

y−6 y−0
⇒ ⋅ = −1
x−0 x−6
w

(y)(y − 6) + (x)(x − 6) = 0
x 2 + y 2 − 6x − 6y = 0

∴ Locus of P is x 2 + y2 − 6x − 6y = 0

12. When the axes are rotated through an angle 45° , the transformed equation of a curve is
17 x 2 − 16 xy + 17 y 2 = 225 .Find the original equation of the curve.

Sol. Angle of rotation is θ = 450 . Let ( X,Y) be the new coordinates of (x, y)
 x+ y
X = x cos θ + y sin θ = x cos 45 + y sin 45 =
2
−x + y
Y = − x sin θ + y cos θ = − x sin 45 + y cos 45 =
2
2 2
The original equation of 17 X − 16 XY + 17Y = 225 is
2 2
 x+ y  x + y  − x + y   −x + y 
⇒ 17   − 16    + 17   = 225
 2   2  2   2 

⇒ 17 ( ) − 16 ( y ) + 17 ( x ) = 225
x2 + y 2 + 2 xy 2
− x2 2
+ y 2 − 2 xy

m
2 2 2

⇒ 17 x 2 + 17 y 2 + 34 xy − 16 y 2 + 16 x 2 +17 x 2 + 17 y 2 − 34 xy = 450

co
⇒ 50 x 2 + 18 y 2 = 450 ⇒ 25 x 2 + 9 y 2 = 225 is the original equation

n.
13. If the straight lines ax + by + c = 0 , bx + cy + a = 0 and cx + ay + b = 0 are concurrent, then

io
prove that a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc .
Sol: The equations of the given lines are
ax + by + c = 0
at
uc
---(1)
bx + cy + a = 0 ---(2)
ed

cx + ay + b = 0 ---(3)
Solving (1) and (2) points of intersection is got by
i
sh

x y 1
b c a b
ak

c a b c
x y 1
.s

= =
ab − c 2
bc − a 2
ca − b 2
w

 ab − c2 bc − a 2 
Point of intersection is  , 2 
w

 ca − b 2
ca − b
 
w

 ab − c2   bc − a 2 
c +a +b=0
 ca − b 2   ca − b 2 
   

( ) (
c ab − c2 + a bc − a 2 + b ca − b 2 = 0 ) ( )
abc − c3 + abc − a3 + abc − b3 = 0

∴ a 3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc .
 f ( x + h) − f ( x) SIN 2 ( x + h ) − cos 2 x
14. f 1 ( x ) = Lt = Lt
h→0 h h→0 h
2 x + 2h + 2 x 2 x + 2h − 2 x
2cos .sin
= Lt 2 2
h →0 h

= Lt
(
2cos 2 x +
2h
2 ) ( )
.sin
2h
2
h →0 h
sin ( h )
Lt 2cos ( 2 x + h ) Lt
h →0 h →0 h

m
= 2cos 2 x.1 = 2cos 2x

co
15. Show that the length of sub-normal at any point on the curve xy = a2 varies as the cube of the
ordinate of the point.

n.
Sol: Equation of the curve is xy = a2.

io
a2 dy −a 2
⇒ y= ⇒ = =m
x dx x 2
Let P(x,y) be a point on the curve.
at
uc
 ( −a )2  y2 y3  a2 
Length of the sub-normal = y1 .m = y  2  = −a 2 y 4 = 2 ∵ x = 
a  y 
ed

 x  a
 

∴l.s.t α y3 i.e. cube of the ordinate.

i
sh

16. equation of the curve y = 2x 2

ak

dy dx
Diff .w.r.t.t, = 4x.
.s

dt dt
w

dx
Given x = 2 and = 4.
dt
w
w

dy
= 4 ( 2 ) .4 = 32
dt

y co-ordinate is increasing at the rate of 32 units/sec.

cos a x − cos b x
17. Lt f ( x ) = Lt
x →0 x →0 x2
(a + b) x (b − a ) x
2sin sin
= Lt x 2
x →0 x 2
 x x
sin ( a + b ) sin ( b − a )
= 2 Lt 2 Lt 2
x →0 x x →0 x

2 ( b + a ) (b − a ) b2 − a2
= =
2 2 2

18. A ( −2,3) , B ( 2, −1) , C ( 4,0) are the vertices of ∆ABC .

Let S be the circumcentre of the ∆ABC.

Let D be the midpoint of BC

m
A (-2, 3)

co
E

n.
S

io
B(2, -1) D C(4, 0)

2 + 4 −1 + 0   −1 
at
⇒ D = 
uc
,  =  3, 

2 2 2  
−1 − 0 −1 1
ed

⇒ Slope of BC = = =
2 − 4 −2 2
⇒ SD is perpendicular to BC
i
sh

1
Slope of SD = − = −2
m
ak

1
Equation of SD is y + = −2 ( x − 3)
2
.s

⇒ 2y + 1 = −4 ( x − 3) = −4x + 12
w

⇒ 4x − 2y − 11 = 0 ---(1)
w

Let E be the midpoint of AC

w

−2+4 3+0  3
Co-ordinates of E are  ,  =1, 
 2 2   2
3−0 3 1
Slope of AC = =− =−
−2 − 4 6 2
⇒ SE is perpendicular to AC
1
⇒ Slope of SE = − =2
m
3
Equation of SE is y − = 2 ( x − 1)
2
 ⇒ 2y − 3 = 4 ( x − 1) = 4x − 4

⇒ 4x − 2y − 1 = 0 ---(2)
⇒ 4x + 2y − 11 = 0 ---(1)
Adding (1), (2) ⇒ 8x − 12 = 0
8x = 12
12 3
⇒x= =
8 2
Substitute this x in (1),

m
3 5
2y = 11 − 4x = 11 − 4. = 11 − 6 = 5 ⇒y=
2 2

co
Co-ordinates of S are  , 
3 5
∴
2 2

n.
io
SECTION C - LAQ’S
at
uc
19. Show that the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the curve
x 2 − xy + y2 + 3x + 3y − 2 = 0 and the straight line x − y − 2 = 0 are mutually perpendicular.
i ed
sh
ak

Sol.
.s

Le t A,B the the points of intersection of the line and the curve.
w

Equation of the curve is x 2 − xy + y2 + 3x + 3y − 2 = 0 …….(1)

w

Equation of the line AB is x − y − 2 = 0

w

x−y
⇒ x−y= 2 ⇒ =1 ….(2)
2
Homogenising, (1) with the help of (2) combined equation of OA, OB is
x 2 − xy + y2 + 3x.1 + 3y.1 − 2.12 = 0

( x − y) = 0
2
x−y
⇒ x − xy + y + 3 ( x + y )
2 2
−2
2 2

⇒ x 2 − xy + y 2 +
3
2
( x 2 − y 2 ) − ( x 2 − 2xy + y 2 ) = 0
 3 2 3 2
⇒ x 2 − xy + y 2 + x − y − x 2 + 2xy − y 2 = 0
2 2
3 2 3 2
⇒ x + xy − y =0
2 2
3 3
⇒ coefficient of x +coefficient of y = a + b = − =0
2 2
2 2
∴ OA, OB are perpendicular.

20. Let ax2 + 2hxy + by 2 = 0 represent the lines l1x + m1 y = 0 -- (1) and l2 x + m2 y = 0 -- (2).

m
Then l1l2 = a , l1m2 + l2 m1 = 2h , m1m2 = b.

co
l1 x + m1 y l2 x + m2 y
The equations of bisectors of angles between (1) and (2) are =±
l12 + m12 l22 + m22

n.
l1 x + m1 y l2 x + m2 y
⇒ − = 0 and

io
l12 + m12 l22 + m22

l1 x + m1 y
l12 + m12
+
l2 x + m2 y
l22 + m22
=0 at
uc
The combined equation of the bisectors is
ed

 l x + m y l x + m y  ℓ x + m y ℓ x + m y 
 1 1
− 2 2  1 1
+ 2 2 
=0
 l 2 + m2 l 2
+ m 2 
ℓ 2
+ m 2
ℓ 2
+ m 2 
 1 2  2 
i

1 2 1 1 2
sh

2 2
 l x+m y  l x+m y
⇒ 1 1  − 2 2 
=0
 l 2 + m2   l 2 + m2 
ak

 1 1   2 2 

( ) (
⇒ l22 + m22 (l1 x + m1 y ) 2 − l12 + m12 (l2 x + m2 y ) 2 = 0 )
.s

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) (
−2 xy l2 m2 l12 + m12 − l1m1 l22 + m22  = 0 )
w

⇒ x 2 l12 l22 + m22 − l22 l12 + m12  y 2  m22 l12 + m12 − m12 l22 + m22   
   
w

 2
) −2 xy  l2 m2l1 + l2m2 m1 − l1m1l2 − l1m1m2  = 0
2 2 2
( ) (
⇒ x2 l12l22 + l12 m22 − l12l22 − l22m12 − y 2 l12 m22 + m12 m22 − m12l22 − m12m22
w

( ) ( )
⇒ x 2 l12 m22 − l22 m12 − y 2 l12 m22 − l22 m22 = 2 xy [l1l2 (l1m2 − l2 m1 ) − m1m2 (l1m2 − l2 m1 ) ]

( )
⇒ ( x 2 − y 2 ) l12 m22 − l22 m12 = 2 xy ( l1l2 − m1m2 )( l1m2 − l2 m1 ) ⇒ ( x − y )(l1m2 + l2 m1 ) = 2 xy (l1l2 − m1m2 )
2 2

⇒ 2h( x 2 − y 2 ) = 2 xy (a − b)

x 2 − y 2 xy
∴ h( x2 − y 2 ) = (a − b) xy OR =
a −b h
21. Given 3l + m + 5n = 0
6mn − 2nl + 5lm = 0

From (1), m = − ( 3l + 5n )

Substituting in (2)
⇒ −6n ( 3l + 5n ) − 2nl − 5l ( 3l + 5n ) = 0

⇒ −18ln − 30n2 − 2nl − 15l 2 − 25ln = 0

⇒ −15l 2 − 45ln − 30n2 = 0

⇒ l 2 + 3ln + 2n2 = 0

m
⇒ ( l + 2n ) ( l + n ) = 0

co
⇒ l + 2n = 0 or l + n = 0

n.
Case (i) :

io
l1 n1
l1+ n1 = 0 ⇒ n1= − l1 ; ⇒ n1 = − l1 ; ⇒ =
1 −1
But m1= − ( 3l1 + 5n1 ) = − ( −3n1 + 5n1 ) = − 2n1 at
uc
m1 n1
∴ =
+2 −1
ed

l1 m1 n1
∴ = =
1 2 −1
i

D.rs of the first line l1 are (1, 2, − 1)

sh

Case (ii) : l2 + 2n2 = 0

ak

l2 n2
⇒ l2 = − 2n2 ⇒ =
−2 1
.s

⇒ m2 = − ( 3l2 + 5n2 ) = − ( −6n2 + 5n2 ) = n2

w

m2 n2
=
w

1 1
w

l2 m n
∴ = 2 = 2
−2 1 1
D.rs of the second line l2 are ( −2,1, 1)

Suppose 'θ ' is the angle between the lines l1 and l2

a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c2
cos θ =
a + b12 + c12
2
1 a22 + b22 + c22

|1 ( −2 ) + 2.1 + ( −1) .1|

1 + 4 + 1 4 + 1+ 1
 1
= ⇒ θ = cos −1 (1/ 6 )
6

22. Let u = ( sin x )log x , v = xsin x so that y = u + v ,

u = ( sin x )log x applying logs,

{ }
⇒ log u = log ( sin x )log x = log x.log ( sin x )

m
Differentiating w. r. to x
d d
log u = log x.log ( sin x )

co
⇒
dx dx
1 dy1 1 1
.cos x + log ( sin x )

n.
. = log x
u dx sin x x

io
log ( sin x ) 
= u  cot x.log x +
dy1
dx 
 x 

= ( sin x )log x  cot x.log x. +


log sin x 

at
uc
x

v = xsin x
ed

log v = ( log x )sin x = sin x.log x

i

1 dv 1
= sin x. + ( log x.cos x )
sh

.
v dx x
ak

= v .cos x.log x  = x sin x  + cos x.log x 

dv sin x sin x
dx  x   x 
.s

dy du dv
sin ce y = u+v ⇒ = +
w

dx dx dx

( log sin x
) ( sin x
)
w

= ( sin x )log x cot x.log x. + + x sin x + cos x.log x

x x
w

1 1
23. Show that the curves 6x 2 − 5x + 2y = 0 and 4x 2 + 8y 2 = 3 touch each other at  ,  .
 2 2

Sol: Equation of the first curve is 6x 2 − 5x + 2y = 0

dy dy 5 − 12x
⇒ 2y = 5x − 6x 2 ⇒ 2. = 5 − 12x ⇒ =
dx dx 2
1
5 − 12.
 dy  2 5−6 1
m1 =   = = =−
 dx atP 1 , 1  2 2 2
 2 2
 Equation of the second curve is 4x 2 + 8y 2 = 3
dy dy
⇒ 8x + 16y. = 0 ⇒ 16y. = −8x
dx dx
dy −8x x
⇒ = =−
dx 16y 2y

1
−
 dy  2 =−1
m2 =   =
 dx atP 1 , 1  2  1  2
2 2  
2
∴ m1 = m2

m
1 1

co
The given curves touch each other at P  , 
2 2
24. Let r be the radius and h be the height of the cylinder.

n.
io
O
H R
2
A
r
at B
uc
From ∆OAB, OA 2 + AB2 = OB2
ed

h2 h2
⇒ r2 + = R 2; r2 = R 2 −
4 4
i

Curved surface area = 2πrh

sh

h2
= 2π R 2 − .h
ak

= πh 4R 2 − h 2
.s

Let f ( h ) = πh 4R 2 − h 2
w

 
w

1
f ′ ( h ) = π h. ( −2h ) + 4R 2 − h2.1
 2 4R 2 − h 2 
w

= π.
−h 2 + 4R 2 − h 2
=
(
2π 2R 2 − h 2 )
4R 2 − h 2 4R 2 − h 2
For max or min f ′ ( h ) = 0

⇒
(
2π 2R 2 − h 2 ) =0
4R 2 − h 2

∴ 2R 2 − h 2 = 0
⇒ h 2 = 2R 2 ⇒ h = 2R

⇒ (
4R 2 − h 2 ( −2h ) + 2R 2 − h 2 )
d
4R 2 − h 2
( )
f ′ ' when h = 2R = 2π dh 2
4R − h 2
4π h + 0
=− <0
4r 2 − h 2

f ( h ) is greatest when h = 2R

m
i.e., Height of the cylinder = 2R

co
n.
io
at
uc
i ed
sh
ak
.s
w
w
w