BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE PILANI- K.K.

BIRLA GOA CAMPUS

Second Semester 2016-2017
Comprehensive Examination
Symbolic Logic (HSS F236)
06.05.17 (9.00 am - 12.00PM) Total Marks: 40

1. Find out the quantified form of the statement. [1]

¬ (∀y) (Ǝz) (∀x) [( Az Λ By) → ¬ Czxy]
2. Symbolize the following statement. [1]
College students who do not have aptitude in the subject blame the teacher for receiving
lower grade. [Cx: x is college student, Tx: x is teacher, Axy: x has aptitude in y, Bxy: x
blames y, Rxy: x receives y, l: lower grade]
3. Prove the given statement is tautology or not, using Indirect proof. [2]
[(A ν B) → C] → (A→ C)
4. Find out the given statement is tautology, contingent or contradiction. [2]
¬ { [S → (K ν ¬ R)] → [(R→ K) ν S]}
5. Prove that [(∀x) ¬ Ax ν (∀x) ¬ Bx ] → [(∀x) (¬ Ax ν ¬ Bx)] using the method of
conditional proof. [3]
6. Prove that both statements are logically equivalent or not. Assume that {a, b} [3]
a. No students are either politicians or ministers.
b. Either no students are politicians or no students are ministers.
7. Prove Invalidity of the argument. Assume that { a, b or a, b, c}. Find out the values for
Ga, Gb, Gc, Ma, Mb, Mc, Sa, Sb, Sc). [4]
(Ǝx) (¬ Gx Λ Mx)
(∀x) (Sx → Gx)
(∀x) ( Mx → ¬ Sx)
(Ǝx) (Sx ν ¬ Mx)
∴ (∀x) (Mx → ¬ Gx)
8. Construct formal proof of validity using Rules of Inference and Replacement. [4]
(P Λ S) → ( T Λ A)
¬P ≡ ¬ (M Λ P)
A ν ( S Λ M)
¬A→P/∴A

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 9. Construct formal proof of validity using Conditional Proof. Take assumption only from
the conclusion. [4]
(∀x) (∀y) (Ǝz) [ Axy→ ( Bxz → Cz)]
(∀x) (∀y) (Ǝz) [ Axy→ (Cz → Bxz)]
(∀z) (∀x)(Ǝz) [(Cz ≡ Bxz) → ¬Dx] / ∴ (∀x) (Ǝy) ( Dx → ¬ Axy)
10. Prove that only contradictory relationship exist among categorical propositions in the
modern Square of Opposition. Take the case: All students are good. Assume that {a}. [4]

11. Construct formal proof of validity without using any assumption. [4]
¬ (Ǝx) [Mx Λ ¬ ( Nx Λ Ox)]
¬ (Ǝx) ([Nx ν Ox) Λ ¬ (Ǝz) Vz] /∴ ¬ (Ǝx) [(Mx Λ ¬ ( Ǝz) Vz]
12. Write the summary of the given paragraph. Change into argumentative form. Symbolize
using predicate and relational propositions and construct formal proof of validity. Please
clearly state the abbreviations for each single statement while symbolizing. (2+2+2+2)[8]

“We know from scientific research that the earlier you start using drugs, the more likely you are
to become addicted and suffer serious social and medical consequences. A person who uses
drugs does not live a long and healthy life. Even occasional or experimental drug use can be
dangerous, since drugs can have unexpected adverse health effects even with one use. Drug
addiction is a brain disorder. Drug use can change how certain brain circuits work. These brain
changes interfere with how people experience normal pleasures in life, their ability to control
their stress level, their decision-making, their ability to learn and remember, etc. Moreover,
possessing or selling drugs is an offence under NDPS Act. Thus, avoiding drugs is a good idea if
you want to live a long and healthy life.”

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