ESSENTIAL

S.No. Compound Common Name S.No. Compound Common Name

Group A: ALKANES 11 CH2=CH–CH2–OH Allyl Alcohol

CH3  CH  CH2  CH3 12 CH2=CH–OH Vinyl Alcohol

|
1 Isopentane
CH3 Group E:ETHER
13 C6H5–O–CH3 Anisole
CH 3 (Methyl Phenyl Ether)
|
2 CH 3  C  CH 2  CH  CH 3 Isooctane Group F: ALDEHYDE
| | 14 CH3CH=CH–CHO Crotonaldehyde
CH 3 CH 3

15 CH2=CH–CHO Acraldehyde
CH 3 or Acrolein
|
3 CH 3  C  CH 3 Neopentane
| CHO
CH 3 16 | Glyoxal
CHO
CHO
Group B:ALKENES
C OH
4 CH2=C=CH2 Allene 17 H Glyceraldehyde
CH2OH
Group C:ALKYL HALIDE
5 CH3CHCl2 Ethylidene Chloride Group G:KETONE
(A gem dihalide) 18 CH3COCH3 Acetone

CH 2  CH 2 Group H:CARBOXYLIC ACID

6 Ethylene Dichloride
| | (A Vinyl dihalide) 19 HO  CH  COOH Malic acid
Cl Cl |
CH 2  COOH
CHCl2
| H
7 Westron (Solvent) |
CHCl2
20 CH 3  C  COOH Lactic Acid (In milk)
8 ClCH=CCl2 Westrosol or |
Triclean (Solvent) OH
21 NH2–CH2–COOH Glycine
Group D:ALCOHOL (Amino Acetic Acid)
9 CH 2  OH Glycol or Ethylene Glycol
| 22 HO CH2 COOH Glycolic Acid
CH 2  OH

10 CH 2  CH  CH 2 Glycerol 23 Malonic acid

| | |
OH OH OH CH 2  COOH
24 | Succinic acid
CH 2  COOH
S.No. Compound Common Name S.No. Compound Common Name
CH2 COOH Group K:AROMATIC COMPOUNDS

CH2 35 Anthracene
25 Glutaric acid
CH2 COOH

26 COOH–(CH2)4–COOH Adipic Acid

36 Indol

HO  CH  COOH
27 | Tartaric acid
HO  CH  COOH
37 Pyridine (Py)
O
||
H  C  C  OH
28 || Maleic acid 38 Thiophene
H  C  C  OH
||
O 39 Pyrrole
O
||
H  C  C  OH
||
29 HO  C  C  H Fumaric acid
|| 40 Sulphanilic acid
O

41 Azulene
Group I:ACID DERIVATIVES
30 CH 3  C  CH 2  C  O  C 2 H 5
|| ||
O O 42 Napthalene
Aceto Acetic Ester (AAE)
or Ethyl Aceto Acetate
43 Furan

31 H 2 N  C  NH 2 Urea
||
O
44 o–xylene
Group J:N–DERIVATIVES
32 CH2=CH–CN Vinyl Cyanide or
Acrylo Nitrile
45 m-xylene
33 NH 2  C  NH 2 Urea
||
O

34 NH 2  C  NH 2 Guanidine 46 p-xylene
||
NH
S.No. Compound Common Name S.No. Compound Common Name

58 C6H5CO3H Perbenzoic acid

47 Nitrobenzene (oil of mirbane)

CH3
NH2 CH3
CH3
SO3H CO2H
48 Orthanilic Acid
59 CO2H
o-toluic acid, m-toluic acid, CO2H
m.p. 105°C m.p. 111°C p-toluic acid,
m.p. 180°C
49 Catechol

OH Toluic acids

50 Resorcinol 60 Phthalic acid

OH
OH

51 Quinol
61 Isophthalic acid
OH

52 o-Cresol
62 Terephthalic acid

53 m-Cresol
CO2H
63
NH2

54 p-Cresol Anthranilic acid (o-aminobenzoic acid)

64 C6H5CHO Benzaldehyde

55 2,4,6 Trinitrophenol or Picric acid Group L: HETROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS

OH 65 Pyrrolidine
CHO
56

Salicylaldehyde(o-hydroxybenzaldehyde)
66 Piperidine

57 Salicylic acid
S.No. Compound Common Name S.No. Compound Common Name

67 Tetrahydrofuran (THF) POLAR PROTIC SOLVENTS

68 Oxirane or Ethylene Oxide or 77 H –O–H Water

Oxo Cyclo Propane
78 R–O–H Alcohol

69 Quinuclidine OH
79 Phenol

70 Aniline 80 CH3–C–OH Acetic acid

O
81 HF Hydrogen Fluoride

71 Phthalimide 82 NH3 Ammonia

POLAR APROTIC SOLVENTS

H3C CH3
CH 83 DMS Dimethyl sulphide CH3–S–CH3

72 Cumene
84 DMSO Dimethyl sulphoxide Me2S=O

85 HMPT Hexamethylphosphoramide
73 Ph–CH=CH–CHO Cinnamaldehyde or
HMPTA O=P–(NMe2)3

74 Phthalic anhydride 86 DMF Dimethyl formamide

H  C  NMe 2
||
O
SOME REAGENTS 87 Crown ethers Cyclic polyethers
75 Grignard’s reagent RMgX

76 NBS N-Bromosuccinimide O
O O
O

(12 – C – 4)
 DESIRABLE

S.No. Compound Common Name S.No. Compound Common Name

Group A: ALKANES CCl 3

|
CH 3 13 CH 3  C  CH 3 Chloretone
|
| OH
1 CH 3  C —— CH  CH 3 Triptane
| |
CH 3 CH 3 Cl
|
14 CH 2  C  CH  CH 2 Chloroprene
2 – CH2  CH2  CH  CH3 Isopentyl Group
|
CH3
H  C  Cl
15 || Lewisite
Group B:ALKENES H  C  AsCl 2
3 CH3–CH2–CH=CH2 –Butylene
Group E:ALCOHOL
4 CH3–CH=CH–CH3 –Butylene 16 CHC–CH2–OH Propargyl Alcohol

CH 3
5 CH 3  C  CH 2 Iso Butylene |
| CH 3  C  OH
CH 3 17 | Pinacol
CH 3  C  OH
CH 3 |
| CH 3
6 CH 2  C  CH  CH 2 Isoprene
Group F:ETHER
Group C:ALKYNES
18 C6H5–O–C2H5 Phenetole
7 HCCH Purified Acetylene or Norcelyne (Ethyl Phenyl Ether)

8 CH2=CH–CCH Vinyl Acetylene 19 CH3CH(OCH3)2 Methylal

9 CH3–CCH Allylene Group G:ALDEHYDE

CHO
Group D:ALKYL HALIDE 20 | Glyoxalic acid
10 CH 2 Cl CH 2 Cl Mustard Gas COOH
| | (Poisonous; used in war) CH 3
CH 2  S  CH 2 |
21 CH 3  C  CHO Pivaldehyde
11 Cl2C=CCl2 Tetraclean or Perclean |
CH 3
Cl or
| (CH3)3C–CHO
12 Cl  C  NO 2 Chloropicrin (tear gas)
|
Cl 22 (CH3)2CHCHO Isobutyraldehyde
S.No. Compound Common Name S.No. Compound Common Name
23 CH 3  C  C  CH 3 Dimethyl Glyoxal COOH
|| || 37 | Oxalic acid
O O COOH
24 CH 3  C  C  H Methyl Glyoxal or
|| || Pyruv aldehyde Group J:ACID DERIVATIVES
O O
Group H:KETONE 38 Cl  C  C  Cl Oxalyl Chloride
|| ||
O O
25 Phorone

39 NH2COONH4 Ammonium Carbamate

40 NH 2  C  C  NH 2 Oxanamide
26 Mesityl Oxide || ||
O O

41 Cl  C  Cl Phosgene
27 H 2C=C=O Ketene ||
O
Group I:CARBOXYLIC ACID
Group K:N–DERIVATIVES
28 CH3–(CH2)3–COOH Valeric Acid
42 H–CN Formo Nitrile
(n–Pentanoic acid)
43 CH3–CN Aceto Nitrile
29 CH3(CH2)4COOH Caproic Acid
(n–Hexanoic acid)
44 CH3–N=C=O MIC
OH
| (Methylisocyanate)
30 CH 2 —— C —— CH 2 Citric Acid
| | | (In lemon) Group L:AROMATIC COMPOUNDS
COOH COOH COOH

31 CH2=CH–COOH Acrylic Acid 45

32 HO  C  OH ( H 2 CO3 ) Carbonic Acid Orange II

||
O
46 Butter Yellow
33 CH3–CO–COOH Pyruvic Acid

34 CH3–CH=CH–COOH Crotonic Acid

47 Furfural
35 C6 H 5  CH  COOH Mendalic Acid
|
OH
48 Coumarine
36 NH2COOH Carbamic Acid
(Amino formic Acid)
S.No. Compound Common Name S.No. Compound Common Name

HO OH
49 Michler’s Ketone 58 Phloroglucinol
OH

OH OH
59 Wurster salts

50 Phenolphthalein
C
O
60 C6H5CONH2 Benzamide
C
O
61 (C6H5CO)2O Benzoic Anhydride
51 Tropone
62 (C6H5CO)2O2 Benzoyl Peroxide
(Cycloheptatrienone)

52 Tropolone 63

(Cycloheptatrienolone)
Saccharin (o-sulphobenzoic imide)

Cl
64 C6H5CH=CH2 Styrene
CCl3–CH
53 DDT
Cl
65 Ph–CH=CH–Ph Stilbene

(Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane)
66 Ph  C  CH  Ph Benzoin
OH || |
O OH
54 –naphthol

67 C6H5COCOC6H5 Benzil
OH
55 –naphthol 68 (C6H5)2C(OH)CO2H Benzilic acid

Group M: HETROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS

56 H 2N NH2 Benzidine

69 Morpholine
57 Hydrazobenzene
S.No. Compound Common Name
S.No. Compound Common Name
70 Aziridine
80 Braddy’s reagent
2,4 DNP

71 81 Liemieux reagent NaIO4 + dil.alk.KMnO4

Hexa-methylenetetramine or Urotropine 82 TEL Tetra ethyl lead

H2N N NH2
83 Gillman’s reagent R2CuLi/[R2Cu]– Li+
72. N N Malamine
NH2 84 Tollen’s reagent alk. sol. of AgNO3

85 Fehling’s reagent alk. sol. of CuSO4

73 Oxitane

74 CH 3  C  NH 2 Amidine 86 Hinsberg’s reagent

||
NH
SOME GROUPS
SOME REAGENTS
87 Ts Tosyl
75 LAH Lithium aluminium
hydride : LiAlH4

76 SBH Sodium borohydride 88 Ms Mesyl

NaBH4

77 PCC Pyridinium chlorochromate

89 Ac Acyl

—
CrO3 Cl
90 Bs Brosyl

78 Wilkinson’s Tris(Triphenylphosphine)
catalyst chlororhodium (I) 91 Tf Triflate
(PPh3)3RhCl–

79 Bayer’s reagent 1% dil. alkaline

aq.sol. of KMnO4