De ARNING REIMAGINED Mathematics Polygons and CirclesINTRODUCTION In Butthere crea revious lessons, you have learned about triangles, rectangles, and squares. has eight cides gues with more than four sides. For example, the STOP street sign usually with more ee or the black figure on a soccer ball has five sides. You can spot many objects r sides, Recognition of various fi and better at describing tase rious figures helps you to be more observant This mi compateneee focuses on polygons and circles. It covers the following standards and ° Content Standard: Demonstrate an understanding of polygons and circles. ¢ Performance Standard: Construct and describe polygons and circles. Learning Competencies: Visualize, name, and describe polygons with five or more sides (MSGE-IIIc-19); describe and compare properties of polygons (regular and irregular polygons) (MSGE-IIIc-20); draw polygons with five or more sides (M5GE- Illc-21); visualize congruent polygons (MS5GE-llid-22); visualize and describe a circle (M5GE-llld-23.1); identify the terms related to a circle (MSGE-IIId-23.2); and draw circles with different radii using a compass (MSGE-lIle-24). Are you ready to begin? Check the following and make sure you are in the best condition to learn new and interesting things: Are you comfortable in your study area? Is it well lit and quiet? Do you have extra sheets of paper or a notebook to write solutions and important notes? If yes, you may Now begin.@) OPTIMIZE Before proceeding with the lesson, check whether you can recall the different shapes. Fill in the blanks with the correct mathematical terms to make the sentence true. te Fe N A four-sided polygon is called A three-sided polygon is called A quadrilateral with all the sides and angles equal is called triangle with all equal sides is called A triangle with all angles equal to 60 degrees is called Iftwo triangles have equal sides and equal angles then the triangles are called triangles. A triangle with no equal sides is called . Check the Answer Key. Are all your answers correct? If yes, then you may find this lesson easier to understand. If not, you may want to review your previous lessons first before proceeding to the next topic. @ CAPTURE Jake is a designer, and he needs geometric patterns of cloths that he will uses to make a dress for his client. He wants it to be a continuous pattern, so he tried using triangles. He tried another pattern using rectangles. Jake thought of another pattern, he wants to use six-sided figures. If a three-sided figure is called a triangle, a four-sided figure is called a quadrilateral, how about a six-sided figure, a five-sided figure, and a seven-sided figure? What are these figures called?a Pol , at their nts. Frome osed plane figures formed by line segments that meet only hexagorcViOUs problem, Jake used different polygons, He used triangles, 'exagons. There are Several kinds of polygons. re polygons with equal sides and equal angles. An equiangular Since it has equal angles (60°) and equal sides. A square is also equal and all angles are equal (90°). Four sides ur angles are congruent. endpoi rectangles, and a cae eae Polygons are polygons in which al the sides and angles are not equal. ble below anG!@is an exampleforthis Sealer triangles do not have equal sides. Check the table below that ‘summarizes the kinds of Polygons with up to 10 sides: Kinds of Polygons Figure Name of palygon Number otsides |, Sum ofthe Regular Irregular Pentagon QO YY 5 so Hexagon C) Oo 6 720° 7 900° Heptagon 8 1080" Octagon 9 1260° Nonagon 10 1440° DecagonIf the corresponding sides and angles of polygons are equal, then the polygons are congruent. These are called congruent polygons. Look at the given AMIG and ALEU, You can tell that the two triangles are congruent (=) by just looking at the tick marks F (). Side MI and side LE have 4 tick mark; therefore, Mi = LE. Can you name the other congruent parts? 1G = EU, MG~LU. Angle | and angle E are both right angles; therefore, they are io congruent. Here are the other pairs of angles that are congruent: 2M = ZL,2G = ZU. CHECKPOINT Read the following questions. Write your answers in the blanks provided. 1, Is rectangle a regular polygon? Why or why not? 2, Ifthe two trapezoids are congruent, then what is the length of b? 12 units b 15 units 12 units * Apolygon is a closed figure formed by line segments that meet only at their endpoints. * Aregular polygon is a polygon with equal sides and equal interior angles. * Polygons are congruent if they have the same size and shape. Two polygons are congruent if you can exactly fit one of them to the other.Using your smartphone, scan the QR code for more examples and activities about polygons. (MT_S_IM_LEC_4) ENRICH Guided Activity: Match the shapes in Column Ato their Names in Column 8. One is done for you. Triangle Quadiilateral Pentagon Hexagon Heptagon, Octagon Nonagon, Decagon ax) FD} Independent Activity 1: Create your own polygon with the given number of sides. Color the regular polygon green and the irregular polygon red.LESSON 2: Exploring Circles NE Exploring Circles ®) TARGET atthe end of the lesson, you should be able to: wilt ene , lescribe and draw circles with different Tadii using a compass; and ° identify the terms related to circles, & ) OPTIMIZE Before proceeding with the lesson, check whether you can recall the different facts about Polygons. Write T if the statement is true or F if it is false, Write your answers in the lanks. 1. All quadrilaterals are polygons. 2. — Apolygon with eight sides is called a hexagon. 3. Acircle is a polygon. 4. Ascalene triangle is a polygon with no congruent sides. 5. Regular polygons are polygons with equal sides and equal interior angles. Check the Answer Key. if your answers are correct, this lesson may be easy for you. If not, review your lesson on polygons again so you may find the next topic easier to understand, CAPTURE Math is not only about solving numbers. You also draw and cut figures of various shapes using different materials.For this lesson, get a piece of paper. a string. and a pencil. Draw sint on 2 piece of paper. Place one end of a 5 cn string on the point sl you have drawn. Tie 8 per’pencil on the other end of the string. and ing that piece of string. move il around until you form a orcle ‘What do you call the point that you have drawn on the piece paper? NAVIGATE Recall that a circle is 2 dosed plane figure made up of points that ef have the same distance from a certain point The point that you have / drawn is called the center of the crcle When you measure the distance from the center to any point on the circle, il will have equal distances, Here are some more terms related to citcles: ‘The radius is the distance from the center to any point on the Grole Radi tthe plural of radius AG is the radius, Diameter is a line segment that passes through the center. Its length is twice the length of a radius. AB is the diameter. The distance trom one point to another point on the circie is a chord. The diameter is the longest chord of the aircle. FE is the chord. LL ae of intersection of the circle and the tangent is called the point of tangency. GHi is the tangent line. Point G is the point of tangency. ‘Aline that intersects the circie exactly st two points is @ secant. D ws the secant. 10OL ——— onlya sume rE OUS Problem, you are asked to draw a circle by using iscalled a componente bul there is a better way. Atool for drawing a circle other arm holds the er Of the compass has a pointed end, and the Wyou want to draw a circle with a fadius of 6 cm, do the following: Steps Mlustrations 1 Use alr to sot ie dtc tomne stance tom the pata ho eampareto the pencil’s lead at 6 cm, ponte! compass 2. Place the point of the compass at the center of the circle, 3. Draw the circle by turning the compass through 360° or until you make a full rotation. "CHECKPOINT Look at the figure on the right. Then, answer the following questions. Write your answers in the blanks E provided. _—— IN 1, How many chords are there? Name all of them Y uv 2. Whatis the diameter of circle 0? manmenep L Ss 3. Name the radius/radii of circle O. 7 1 TAKEAWAYS: a Acircle is a closed plane figure made up of points that have the same distance from a point called the center. 1 * Aradius is a distance from the center to any point on the circle. ' vos Adiameter is a segment drawn from any point on the circle to the point on the t circle passing through the center. 1 te. A chord is a segment whose endpoints lie on the circle. 1 1 + Asecantis a line that intersects the circle at two points. 1 1 + Atangents a line that intersects the circle at exactly one point. : {+ The point of intersection of the circle and the tangent is called the point of 1 tangency. 1 " & Acompass is an instrument for drawing a circle. ' 12ENRICH ee Guided Activity: Identify the parts given in the following circle. each number. Number 1 is done for you. radius A. O —___2. FS ——___3. Fs 4. pointu 5. CS Independent Activity: Draw a circle with the ruler. 1 8. TA 6. CA 7. CU 9. SR 10. point S given conditions. Materials to use are a compass, a pencil, and Circle P with a radius of 5 em, 2. Circle M with a radius of 2 in. Circle C with @ diameter of 8 em. 3. Circle A with a diameter of 7 cm anda 9. Acircle with a center of point G, a radius of 4 em, and a tangent OD. secant BC. Acitcle with a center of point K, a diameter of 4.2m, a secant AE, and a tangent PD. 13, Place your answer in the blank beforeFOCUS ‘Summarize what you have learned in this module by answering the following questions, Write your answers in the blanks provided. 1. Name the kinds of polygons with five or more sides. 2. What are regular polygons, irregular polygons, and congruent polygons? 3. How will you know if a segment on a circle is a radius, a diameter, or a chord? APPLY For your performance task, imagine that you are a lantem designer. Get a sheet of bond paper, pencil, ruler, and other coloring materials. The design of your lantern must include the following figures: a.circle b. pentagon . hexagon d. heptagon e. octagon f. nonagon g. decagon Use the following rubric to guide you in your performance task. Rubric for Performance Task interestingly, and is visually appealing. interestingly, and is visually appealing. Excellent Good Satisfactory Needs Improvement Criteria apts 3pts. 2 pts. tpt Content | All seven One to two Three to four Five to seven conditions are conditions are not | conditions are not —_| conditions are not evident. evident. evident. evident. Creativity | The lantemis The lantern is The lantem isnot | The lantern is drawn neatly, somehow drawn drawn neatly, itis | messy, not colorful, colorfully, neatly, colorully, somehow colorful and is somehow visually appealing. and is not visually appealing. 14