


•

•
 ∅𝑅𝑛

• 𝑅𝑛 = 𝐹𝑛𝐵𝑀 𝐴𝐵𝑀

•
𝑅𝑛 = 𝐹𝑛𝑤 𝐴𝑤𝑒

𝐹𝑛𝐵𝑀
𝐹𝑛𝑤
𝐴𝐵𝑀
𝐴𝑤𝑒 𝐴𝑤𝑒 = 𝑡𝑒 𝑙𝑤
𝑡𝑒 𝑙𝑤
𝜑 𝐹𝐵𝑀 𝐹𝑁𝑊
 •
•

𝐿
𝛽 = 1,2 − 0,002 ≤ 1,0
𝑤

• °
𝑤
•
•

•
𝑑𝑎
 𝑑𝑏

(3𝑑𝑏 )
 ∅𝑅𝑛

𝑅𝑛 = 𝐹𝑛 𝐴𝑏
𝜑 = 0,75
𝐹𝑛 𝐹𝑛𝑣

𝐴𝑏
 𝜑𝑅𝑛

𝜑 = 0,75

•
 𝑑

𝑅𝑛 = 2,4𝑑𝑡𝐹𝑢 𝐹𝑢

𝐿𝑐

𝑅𝑛 = 3,0𝑑𝑡𝐹𝑢

𝑅𝑛 = 1,2𝐿𝑐 𝑡𝐹𝑢 𝑡

𝑅𝑛 = 1,5𝐿𝑐 𝑡𝐹𝑢
 𝑅𝑛 = 𝐹′𝑛𝑡 𝐴𝑏

∅ = 0,75

𝐹′𝑛𝑡

𝐹𝑛𝑡
𝐹′𝑛𝑡 = 1,3𝐹𝑛𝑡 − 𝑓 ≤ 𝐹𝑛𝑡
𝜑𝐹𝑛𝑣 𝑣

𝐹𝑛𝑡

𝐹𝑛𝑣

𝑓𝑣
 ∅𝑅𝑛

𝑅𝑛 = 𝜇𝑅𝐷𝑢 ℎ𝑠𝑐 𝑇𝑏 𝑁𝑠


∅ = 1,00

∅ = 0,85
𝐷𝑢 = 1,13
𝜇

 𝜇 = 0,35 ℎ𝑠𝑐
ℎ𝑠𝑐 = 1,00
ℎ𝑠𝑐 = 0,85
ℎ𝑠𝑐 = 0,70
 𝜇 = 0,50
𝑇𝑏
𝑁𝑠
 𝑘𝑠
𝑇𝑢
𝑘𝑠 = 1 −
𝐷𝑢 𝑇𝑏 𝑁𝑏

𝑁𝑏

𝑇𝑏

𝑇𝑢
 ∅𝑅𝑛

𝑅𝑛 = 𝐹𝑛 𝐴𝑏
∅ = 0,75

𝐹𝑛 𝐹𝑛𝑡

𝐴𝑏
•

•
•

•
•

4𝑇𝑏′
𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
∅𝑝𝐹𝑢

∅
𝑇𝑢
𝑇 𝑟𝑢𝑡 =
𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑠
𝑑𝑏
𝑏′ = 𝑏 −
2
𝑏

𝑑𝑏
𝑝
𝑝 = 2𝑏 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑜 < 𝑠
𝑠 𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝐹𝑢
 ∅𝐹𝑢 𝑡 2 𝑝
𝑇≤
2𝑏
 𝑑′
𝛼 = 1,0 𝑠𝑖 𝛽 > 1,0
1 𝛽
𝛼= 𝑠𝑖 𝛽 < 1,0
𝛿 1−𝛽
𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 1 𝐵
𝛽= −1
𝜌 𝑇
4𝑇𝑏′ 𝑏′
𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝜌=
∅𝑝𝐹𝑢 1 + 𝛿𝛼′ 𝑎′
𝑑𝑏 𝑑𝑏
𝑎′ = 𝑎 + ≤ 1.25𝑏 +
2 2
∅
𝑎
𝛿
𝐵 ∅𝑟𝑛

𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝑡
𝑑′
𝛿 =1−
𝑝
 ∅𝑅𝑛

 𝑅𝑛 = 0,60𝐹𝑦 𝐴𝑔
𝑅𝑛 = 𝐹𝑦 𝐴𝑔
 𝜑 = 1,00
𝜑 = 0,90

 𝑅𝑛 = 0,60𝐹𝑢 𝐴𝑛𝑣
𝑅𝑛 = 𝐹𝑢 𝐴𝑒 𝜑 = 0,75
𝜑 = 0,75

𝐴𝑒 𝐴𝑛𝑣
 𝑅𝑛 = 0,6𝐹𝑢 𝐴𝑛𝑣 + 𝑈𝑏𝑠 𝐹𝑢 𝐴𝑛𝑡 ≤ 0,6𝐹𝑦 𝐴𝑔𝑣 + 𝑈𝑏𝑠 𝐹𝑢 𝐴𝑛𝑡
𝜑 = 0,75

𝐴𝑛𝑣

𝐴𝑛𝑡

𝑈𝑏𝑠 = 1,0

𝑈𝑏𝑠 = 0,5
 𝐾𝐿
 ≤ 25:
𝑟

𝑃𝑛 = 𝐹𝑦 𝐴𝑔
∅ = 0,90

𝐾𝐿
 > 25;
𝑟

𝐿
•

•
•

•
𝑏𝑓 𝑑
𝑨𝟐 = 𝑨𝟏 𝑁 − 0.95 𝑑
𝑚=
𝑃𝑢 2
𝐵 − 0.80 𝑏𝑓
𝑛=
2
𝑑𝑏𝑓
λ′𝑛 = λ
𝑃𝑢 4
𝐴1𝑟𝑒𝑞 =
∅𝑐 0.85 𝐹 ′ 𝑐

∅𝑐 𝑃𝑝 = ∅𝑐 0.85 𝐹 ′ 𝑐𝐴1
𝑁 𝐵 2 𝑋
λ= ≤1
1+ 1−𝑋 𝑙 = max(𝑚, 𝑛, λ′𝑛 )
𝑁= 𝐴1𝑟𝑒𝑞 + ∆ 4𝑑𝑏𝑓 𝑃𝑢
𝑋= 2 2𝑃𝑢
𝑑 + 𝑏𝑓 ∅𝑐 𝑃𝑝 𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑙
∅𝑓 𝐹𝑦 𝐵𝑁
0.95𝑑 − 0.80𝑏𝑓
∆=
2

𝐴1𝑟𝑒𝑞
𝐵=
𝑁
 𝐴2
𝑨𝟐 > 𝟒𝑨𝟏 𝐴2 > 4𝐴1

𝑃𝑢

∅𝑐 𝑃𝑝 = 2 ∅𝑐 0.85 𝐹 ′ 𝑐𝐴1

𝑃𝑢
𝐴1𝑟𝑒𝑞 =
2 ∅𝑐 0.85 𝐹 ′ 𝑐

𝑁 𝐵
𝑨𝟏 < 𝑨𝟐 < 𝟒𝑨𝟏
𝐴2
𝑃𝑢 ≤ ∅𝑐 𝑃𝑃 = 0.85 𝐹′𝑐 𝐴1
𝑃𝑢 𝐴1

𝑃𝑢
𝐴1𝑟𝑒𝑞 =
2 ∅𝑐 0.85 𝐹 ′ 𝑐

𝑁 𝐵

𝐴2
𝐴1
•

𝑃𝑢 𝑀𝑢
𝑁 𝐵

𝑀𝑟
𝑒=
𝑃𝑟

𝑁 𝑃𝑟
𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡 = −
2 2𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑒 ≤ 𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡
•

𝑌
𝑌=𝑁− 2 𝑒
𝑡𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑞

𝑒 ≤ 𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡
𝑇𝑢 = 0.
 •
𝑃𝑢
𝑀𝑢
𝑁 𝐵

𝑀𝑟
𝑒=
𝑃𝑟

𝑁 𝑃𝑟
𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡 = −
2 2𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑒 > 𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡
•

2
𝑁 2𝑃𝑟 𝑒 + 𝑓
𝑓+ <
2 𝑞𝑚𝑎𝑥

𝑌
𝑇𝑢

𝑡𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑞
 𝑉𝑢
𝐷𝑟 𝑛𝑟

𝑇𝑟 𝑇𝑢
𝑛𝑟 =
𝑇𝑟
𝑇𝑟 = ∅𝑡 0.75𝐹𝑢 𝐴𝑟
𝑇𝑢
∅𝑡 𝑀𝑙

𝐹𝑢 𝑉𝑢 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑜
𝑀𝑙 =
𝑛𝑟
𝐴𝑟
𝑡𝑝 + 3.175 𝑚𝑚
𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑜 =
2
 𝑓𝑡𝑎

𝑓𝑡𝑏 𝐹𝑛𝑡
𝑓𝑡 ≤ ∅𝑣 𝐹′ 𝑛𝑡 = ∅𝑣 1.3𝐹𝑛𝑡 − 𝑓
∅𝑣 𝐹𝑛𝑣 𝑣
≤ ∅𝑣 𝐹𝑛𝑡
𝑇𝑢
𝑓𝑡𝑎 =
𝑛𝑟 𝐴𝑟
𝑓𝑡 = 𝑓𝑡𝑎 + 𝑓𝑡𝑏
𝑀𝑙
𝑓𝑡𝑏 = 𝐹𝑛𝑡 = 0.75𝐹𝑢
𝑆
𝐹𝑛𝑣 = 0.4𝐹𝑢
3
∅𝑣 = 0.75
𝐷𝑟 𝑉𝑢
𝑆= 𝑓𝑣 =
6 𝑛𝑟 𝐴𝑟
 ℎ𝑒𝑓

1.5 ℎ𝑒𝑓 > 6 𝐷𝑟

𝐴𝑁𝑐 = 12𝐷𝑟 + 𝑛𝑟 − 1 3𝐷𝑟 ∗ 6𝐷𝑟 + 1.5ℎ𝑒𝑓
2
𝐴𝑁𝑐𝑜 = 6𝐷𝑟 + 1.5ℎ𝑒𝑓
 ℎ𝑒𝑓

1.5 ℎ𝑒𝑓 ≤ 6 𝐷𝑟
𝐴𝑁𝑐 = 3ℎ𝑒𝑓 + 𝑛𝑟 − 1 3𝐷𝑟 ∗ 3ℎ𝑒𝑓
2
𝐴𝑁𝑐𝑜 = 3ℎ𝑒𝑓
ℎ𝑒𝑓 < 11 𝑖𝑛 (28 𝑐𝑚)
∅𝑝 𝑁𝑐𝑏𝑔
𝐴𝑁𝑐
= ∅𝑝 𝜑3 24 𝐹′𝑐 ℎ𝑒𝑓 1.5 ∅𝑝
𝐴𝑁𝑐𝑜
𝜑3 = 1.25
ℎ𝑒𝑓 ≥ 11 𝑖𝑛 (28 𝑐𝑚)
∅𝑝 𝑁𝑐𝑏𝑔 𝐴𝑁𝑐
5 𝐴𝑁𝑐 𝐴𝑁𝑐𝑜
= ∅𝑝 𝜑3 16 𝐹′𝑐 ℎ𝑒𝑓 3
𝐴𝑁𝑐𝑜 ∅𝑝 𝑁𝑐𝑏𝑔 > 𝑇𝑢
ℎ𝑒𝑓