Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto Smart Factories

Master in Mechanical Engineering

Digital Twin
SUPERVISOR: AMÉRICO LOPES DE AZEVEDO

GROUP MPT_05

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Digital Twin (DT) Concept
• Prof. Michael Grieves
• Concept appeared in 2003
❖"Conceptual ideal for PLM information mirroring"
❖"Mirrored spaced model"
❖"Information mirroring model"

• In 2011 Grieves chose Digital Twin

Apollo project

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Definitions by
NASA and U.S. Air Force

"... aircraft or system oriented,

making full use of the best physical Based on NASA’s expansion of :
models, sensors, and operating - “aircraft or system oriented” to “system
historical data, integrating multi- oriented to completed modeling”
disciplinary and multi-scale probabilistic - “mapping” to “mapping and prediction”
simulation processes, and mapping ... "

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Literature Review on DT

Data flow in (a) Digital Model, (b) Digital Shadow, and (c) Digital Twin

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Digital Mockup (DMU)

"Plays a critical role in improving your

quality program initiatives by enabling you
to identify and resolve issues before they
become costly problems."
"Detect and resolve design issues early in
your product lifecycle"

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Digital Mockup (DMU)

With the constant evolution of technology,

the DMU has gone through grear change and
The evolution of DMU in Airbus.
development. This changes made the gap
(Source: The Evolution from Digital
between the DMU and the DT even smaller.
Mock-Up to Digital Twin)

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 Digital Mockup
vs Digital Twin

"Although the DMU concept

in digital manufacturing has
been broadened to express
more and more information,
it still ignores the data of
manufacturing, operation,
and maintenance stages"

The relationship between DMU & DT

(Source: The Evolution from Digital Mock-Up to Digital Twin)

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Digital Twin
Popularity

Number of Digital Twin-related publications by year from 2011 to 2020

on Scopus and ScienceDirect. (Source : Digital Twin: Origin to Future)

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Benefits of Digital Twin

Speed prototyping / Cost-effective Training Waste Reduction Accessibility

product re-designing

Safer than the Physical Documentation and Optimizing Solutions / Predicting Problems /
Counterpart Communication Improved Maintenance System Planning

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The Future of Digital Twin

VIRTUAL REALITY FULL LIFE CYCLE INTEGRATION

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Challenges of the Digital Twin

High-Fidelity Modeling High-Confidence High Real-Time Data

And Simulation Simulation Prediction Interaction

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Concept Design of a System
Architecture for a DT System
The group conceptualized a system that incorporates the Digital Twin (DT) and is
based on 5 sub-modules:
1. Digital Twin Dashboards Module;
2. Digital Twin Database Module ;
3. Digital Twin E-Scheduler Module;
4. Digital Twin Wireless Modular Tracking Module;
5. Digital Twin Simulation Module.

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Conclusions

• It's still a recent but growing concept (since 2011);

• Results from the evolution of other technologies;
• The real time connection with the physical space
enables several updates and modifications;
• Can be a good tool to face environmental problems;
• Its implementation in the market is still not feasible.

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 Thank you
for your
attention!

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