Internal-Combustion Engine Induction and Exhaust System Noise

Erich K. Bender, and Anthony J. Brammer

Citation: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 53, 316 (1973); doi: 10.1121/1.1982292
View online: https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1982292
View Table of Contents: https://asa.scitation.org/toc/jas/53/1
Published by the Acoustical Society of America

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Motor Vehicle Noise Spectra, Their Characteristics and Dependence upon Operating Parameters
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 53, 316 (1973); https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1982291
 84TH MEETING ø ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA

the samebandsof noisein semireverberant Sound duration of each item in one of the two sequencesbeyond
conditions.
was determinedby a directionalmicrophone 200 msec made the task more difficult. When one sequence
field diffuseness
technique
andsubjectively. at ! and had items at 200 msec and the other at 670 msec, same/
Ear muffattenuation
4 kHzwassignificantly
lower(p<0.05)forthenoise
bandsin different judgmentswereat chancelevel. It appearsthat if
identificationof orderscannot be accomplished,
then recogni-
diffusefieldthanfor frontalincidencepuretonesin freefield.
This differencewas not observedfor ear plugs.The subjects tion of the identityof or differencebetweenpatternsrequires
agreed thatthreshold determinationswerenomoredifficult a prior"temporaltemplate"for comparison of bothduration
with noisebandsin diffusefield than with puretonesin free and order.[Researchsupportedby NSF.]
field;variabilitywassomewhatlowerfor the noiseband
stimuli.Physicalmeasurements
of ear-muff onan M13. Temporal Order Discrimination:Identificationand
attenuation
"artificialhead" test fixtureexhibitedstatisticallysignificant Recognitionby Trained Listeners.RICHARDM. WARREN,
rank correlation with diffuse field subjective measurements Department
ofPsychology,
University
of Wisconsin--Milwaukee,
at testfrequencies absolute Milwaukee,Wisconsin
of 2 kHz and below,although 53201.--Fourtrainedsubjectslistened
attenuationvaluesshowedonly fair agreement.The diffuse to successive
sequence
bursts,eachburst consisting
of three
fieldsubjective'method
andthe"artificial
head"methodare component
items(filtered1000-Hzsquarewave;noiseband,
beingrecommended for ANSI standardization.
[This re- 2500-Hztone)repeatedseveraltimeswithoutpausesbetween
searchwassponsored
by DHEW,PublicHealthService.• items,untiltheydecidedwhetheralternateburstshadthese
items in the same or different order. Prior training consisted
M12. TemporalOrderDiscrimination: Recognitionwithout oflistening to knownsameordifferent sample setsasrequested
Identification
by UntrainedSubjects.RICHARD M. WARREN, by the subjectuntil he indicated readiness to receivethese
Department ofPsychology,University
ofWisconsin--Milwaukee, sets as unknowns.Same/differentrecognitionwas signifi-
Milwaukee, Wisconsin53201.--Earlierworkwithunpracticedcantlyabovechance for at leasthalfof the subjects at each
subjects hasindicated that identification
(naming)of tem- of three interburst intervals (50 msec,1.5 sec,3 sec) for item
poralorderforrepeated sequences of threeor four durationsfrom 5 through400 msec.With itemsshorterthan
consisting
successive
soundssuchas hisses,tones,and buzzescouldnot 100 msec,the order couldnot be identified,andjudgments
be accomplishedat itemdurationsof 200msecandbelow were basedon pattern "quality." In separateexperiments
164,586-587(1969)•.In thepresent with singlestimulus
[seeWarrenetal.,Science bursts,four listeners
weretrainedby
experiment,
eightseparategroupsof30subjectswererequired receivingimmediatefeedbackconcerning their accuracy
in
to tell whetheralternatingsequences,
each consisting
of a identifying(naming)order.For two itemsequences (square
of the samethreeor foursuccessivewaveand noise),correctidentification
reiteratedpresentation wasobtainedfor item
items,hadtheseitemsin thesameor differentorder.Identifi- durationsfrom 5 through400 msec.When thesestimulus
cationof theseorderswas not required.Accuracyof same/ pairswerepreceded andfollowed by a toneof thesamedura-
different
judgmentsdependedupondetails oftheexperimentaltion as the test items,accurateidentificationwas obtained
procedure
employed,
but in general better for item durationsfrom l0 through 400 msec.IResearchsup-
wassignificantly
than chancewhen all items lasted200 msec.Extendingthe ported by NSF. •

WEDNESDAY,29 Novv.MUm• 1972 EMPIRE ROOM, 9:00 A.M.

Session N. Motor Vehicle Noise

DOUGLAS MUSTER, Chairman

Universityof Houston,Houston,Texas77004

Invited Papers (30 minutes)

N1.MotorVehicle
NoiseSpectra,
TheirCharacteristics
andDependence
uponOperating
Parameters.
RALPH
K. HILLQUIST,
General
Motors
Proving
Ground,
Milford,
Michigan
48024,
ANDWILLIAM
N.
SCOTT,
Chrysler
Corporation,
Detroit,
Michigan48231.--Present
highwaymotor
vehicle
noise
levels
arepresented
asa function
ofoperating
condition
(idle,steady
speed,
normalacceleration,
and
coast).
Thevariables
thataffect
vehicle
noise
level,
such asspeed,
throttle,
road,location,
and
weather
areconsidered.
Thespectral
composition
of motorvehicle
noise
is indicated,
.and,where
possible,
theprevalence
anddistribution
ofthese
levels
isstated.
Thedata
represent
bothinterior
and
exterior
noiseofsuch
highwayvehicles
astrucks,
buses,
automobiles,
andmotorcycles.
Some noise
abatementapproaches
arediscussed,
including
anorder
ofpriority
forvehicle
noise
limitation,
a ra-
tionale
forlight-vehicle
maximumnoiselevel,
highway
considerations,
andoperator
responsibility.
N2. Internal-Combustion
EngineInduction
andExhaust
System Noise.ERICHK. BENDER,
Bolt
BeranekandNewman Inc.,Cambridge,
Massachusetts
02138,ANDANTHONY J. BRAMMER,
National
ResearchCouncil
ofCanada,
Ottawa,
K1A,OS1Canada.--The
importance
ofinductionandexhaust
systems
oncommunity
andpassenger
noise
exposure
andengine
performance
areintroduced.
Dis-
cussion
isgiven
ofthetypes
ofengines
andinduction/exhaust
systems
theyuse.
Theyinclude
natur-
allyaspirated
two-andfour-stroke
engines,
supercharging,
turbocharging,
anda special
discussion
onthesimilarities
anddifferences
betweentheWankel
engine,
rotaryengine,
andothers.
Theeffects
of
mufflers
onengine performance
andtheirnoise
reduction
capabilities
arediscussed.
316 Volume53 Number1 1973