Academic Research paper and IPR Solutions

Made by Tanmay and Akshay .

1) Under copyright law if you have a database of your client contact information, what is
considered protected?

• only individual confidential data records

• combination of phone number and client contact name

• only the entire database not individual data

• neither the data nor the database is protected

2) If in a work-for-hire agreement, you (the contractor) create something, who will own the
rights to be considered the author?

• As a contractor, it will be the party that is paying you to do the work.

• As an contractor, you always are considered the author.

• As an employee, you are always considered the author.

• As a contractor, both parties will have joint authorship rights.

3) If you are the creator of an asset protected by copyright law, which statement is true?

• If you are authoring for a company, then the copyright is valid for 70 years after your

• If you are not authoring for a company, then the copyright is valid for 70 years after
your death.

• If you are not authoring for a company, then the copyright expires upon your death.

• If you are authoring for a company, then the copyright never expires.

4) Public domain is defined by assets not protected by copyright law?

• TRUE

• FALSE
5) In order to sue for copyright infringement, you must first do what?

• have a registered copyright

• you can sue before you register the copyright

• have all your confidentiality agreements prepared to be signed

• register for a trademark first

6) Which statement is most accurate?

• Under copyright law, companies can be liable for all infractions even if they are not
aware of them.

• Even if you know that an infraction has taken place, you are not liable if a contractor
performed the infraction.

• Under copyright law, owners of companies cannot be held personally liable for
infractions.

• Under copyright law, companies are never liable for infractions if no one in the company
is aware of them.

7)

DMCA is an abbreviation for what federal act?

• the Design Materials Copyright Act

• the Document Management Copyright Act

• the Digital Materials Copyright Act

• the Digital Millennium Copyright Act

8) What is not a good example of a trademark?

• a slogan

• a brand name
 • a color

• a jump shot

9) Copyrights cover a work of art and trademarks cover a brand.

• TRUE

• FALSE

10) In trademark terms, "genericide" means

• the trademark name has lost its distinctiveness.

• the product that you have trademarked has not been successful.

• the trademark name is no longer valid because you have changed the product name.

• the trademark name is not unique enough to be protected.

11) Before adopting a trademark, what is the first thing that you should do?

• Look for a similar trademark and copy it closely.

• Determine if this trademark will look good on social media.

• Determine if you can adopt this trademark without infringing upon any prior existing
use of the trademark.

• Register the trademark.

12) What .gov site provides a searchable database of registered trademarks and provides forms
for registering your own trademark?

• USPS.gov

• PTOUS.cov

• USPTO.gov

• USPA.gov
13) What protocol is in place that allows for trademarks filed in the US to be recognized by
some international countries?

• International Trademark Act Protocol

• Madrid Protocol

• EU Trademark Protocol

• International Trademark Protocol

14) The broadest trademark symbol is the use of what?

• words

• logo only

• a word in a stylized font

• words and logo

15) How many trademark extensions can you file?

• 1

• 10

• as many as you can afford

• 5

16) In terms of trademarks, infringement

• adds value to your trademark.

• is an analysis of whether there's a likelihood of confusion between two different

marks.

• is a good thing.

• is using a trademark without the owner's permission.

17) What is an injunction?

 • Something usually issued by the USPTO.

• Something that happens when you get a shot.

• The best way to take a trademark away from someone else.

• A requirement from a court that the party infringing on the trademark must stop.

18) How many years is a patent valid?

• 15

• 5

• 10

• 20

19) In how many months does a provisional patent expire?

• 18

• 36

• 24

• 12

20) What change has been made to the America Invents Act in recent years?

• Mobile devices were added to list of patentable inventions.

• Two creators can now gain patents on identical inventions if both were created within
12 months of each other.

• The creator of an article is better protected against infringement.

• The first person to file the patent gains the rights versus the first person to come up
with the idea.
21) If you share your idea with someone before you file the patent, what is a good way to
prevent the idea from being used by the other party?

• Get a verbal agreement from the other party that they will not steal your idea.

• Have the other party sign an NDA.

 • Keep two fingers crossed behind you back as you tell them your secret.

• Threaten to sue the other party if they steal your idea.

22) Which is not a good way to research if a patent already exists for your idea?

• Search the US Patent and Trademark Office's online database.

• Search Google's online patent database.

• Phone a friend.

• Hire a lawyer to verify that no patent exists.

23) Which of these is not a good way to keep track of your creation?

• email notes

• keep dated documents on a computer

• keep lab notebooks

• leverage the poor man's patent

24) A trade secret is

• something that is secret but is of no real value.

• is worth its weight in gold.

• in the name so all trade secrets must have the word "secret" somewhere in the name.

• something that is secret and has value.

25) In general, recipes are never protected under the trade secret law.

• TRUE

• FALSE

26) In order to prove that someone has infringed upon a trade secret, you do not need to

• prove it is a secret.
 • have the name of the party that is infringing.

• prove that you took steps to protect the secret.

• show that it has value.

27) If you are under an NDA and someone who is not under an NDA discloses a trade secret to
you, you are still bound by your NDA to not disclose the trade secret in most cases.

• TRUE

• FALSE

28) Rights of publicity usually do not cover

• the exploitation of your persona for monetary gain without your permission.

• the exploitation of your face for monetary gain without your permission.

• your freedom of speech.

• the exploitation of your voice for monetary gain without your permission.

29) A model release is a waiver to rights-of-publicity laws?

• TRUE

• FALSE

30) Which of the these is the only subject matter than is patentable?

• data structures

• electro-magnetic signals

• compositions of matter

• non-functional descriptive material

31) An inventor comes up with an idea for a self-propelled baseball bat. What attribute(s) must
the idea have to be patentable?

• It must be useful, novel, and obvious.It is important to remember that an idea must be
non-obvious in order for the idea to be patented.

• It must be a an idea for a product that can be sold to the public.Whether or not the
product can be sold to the public is not a consideration in obtaining a patent.

• It must have merit as determined by a patent attorney.The merit of an idea is not a

consideration as to whether or not an idea can be patented.

• It must be useful, novel, and non-obvious.

32) In what component of a patent application does the applicant identify the relevance of the
invention and the motivation for coming up with the invention?

• summary

• claims

• background

• abstract

33) Sue invented a steamer that heats food faster than a microwave. She knows she can sell the
steamer worldwide. Sue is concerned about costs. How should Sue protect her invention in
other countries while she begins marketing her cooker?

• Sue should file an international patent application that will protect her invention in any
country she sells in. It is important to know there is not such thing as an international
patent. Every country controls its own patent process.

• Sue should file a PCT patent application, then determine what countries to file in after
WIPO examines her patent. It is important to understand that WIPO does not examine
patents nor does WIPO approve patents. Patents are only approved by individual
countries.

• Sue should file a patent in the U.S., then file a PCT application to give her time to
determine what countries she should file patents in. A PCT application provides a
thirty-month window on international patent protection during which she can test
market her steamer.
 • Sue should file a patent in the U.S., then file a PCT application that will provide her with
twenty-year patent protection all countries.

34) Infringement on dependent claims is nearly always found even if the independent is not
infringed upon.

• TRUE

• FALSE

35) ABC, Inc. is a large multi-national company with numerous product lines. ABC wants to
avoid being sued for intentional patent infringement. What might ABC, Inc. do to avoid
intentional infringement?

• Avoid doing patent searches so they do not become aware of a patent they might
infringe.

• Intentional infringement requires actual knowledge of an existing patent. Some

companies avoid "knowing" by not searching.

• Avoid producing an item based upon an idea that a patent had been applied for but
abandoned.

• Avoid producing a product when a similar product has a patent pending.

• Avoid using risk management techniques when proceeding with product development.

36) Mary is working on a new invention she knows is patentable. She is concerned about
keeping her invention secret. What is the only incorrect statement regarding the legal
protections available to Mary?

• The information in her patent application will not be published by the USPTO until 18
months after filing.

• She can request the USPTO not make the information regarding her invention public
after her patent is issued.

• She can request the USPTO not publish information regarding her patent application at
any time while it is pending.
 • If there are other people working on the invention with her she can utilize a
confidentiality agreement.

37) When was the copyright clause incorporated into the United States constitution?

• 1906

• 1776

• 1878

• 1787

38) Kohel Haver has not registered for a copyright himself.

• TRUE

• FALSE

39) What does DMCA stand for?

• Digital Management Copyright Act

• Department Management Copyright Attribution

• Digital Millennium Copyright Act

• Digitally Managed Copyright Act

40) You need to have a copyright credit on your image to protect the copyright.

• TRUE

• FALSE

41) How soon is copyright ownership attained by the creator?

• as soon as the creator registers his copyright

• as soon as the government sends them a copyright registration certificate

 • as soon as the creator signs his creation

• as soon as the pen leaves the paper

42) What types of tangible creative expressions (work) can you copyright?

• Words or Names

• Photographs, Drawings or Designs, Music or Songs, Sculptures, Story

• Ideas or Concepts

43) What are the bonuses for registering your copyright?

• absolute proof you created the artwork, free access to courts, guaranteed damages up
to $150,000 for willful infringement

• legal presumption you created the artwork, free access to courts, guaranteed damages
up to $150,000 for willful infringement

• legal presumption you created the artwork, access to courts, presumption of damages
up to $150,000 for willful infringement

44) Copyright.gov is the only online website to officially register your copyright in the United
States.

• TRUE

• FALSE

45) What is the cost and damages allowed for registering a single image copyright?

• $35 and $150 for willful infringement

• $35 and $150,000 for willful infringement

• $40 and $120,000 for willful infringement

46) What is the cost and damages allowed for registering a group of images copyright?
 • $55 and $120,000 for willful infringement

• $75 and $120,000 for willful infringement

• $55 and $150,000 for willful infringement

47) A copyright registration for a single or group of images for an individual lasts a lifetime plus
seventy years.

• TRUE

• FALSE

48) A copyright registration for a single or group of images for a business lasts ninety five years.

• TRUE

• FALSE

49) As long as you change a design in some way you can avoid copyright infringement.

• TRUE

• FALSE

50) When does an individual copyright go into public domain?

• after seventy years

• after a lifetime plus seventy years.

• when it appears in google images

• when the creator dies

51) When does a business copyright go into public domain?

• when the business goes out of business

 • after seventy years

• after ninety five years

• If you're Disney, never.

52) NASA moon landing pictures are public domain because the public paid for them.

• TRUE

• FALSE

53) Cease and desist letters are a good method to use for those who ignore a reasonable
response to copyright infringement.

• TRUE

• FALSE

54) DMCA letters are specifically used to respond to web sites who are infringing your copyright
and asks them to remove and cease using the work.

• TRUE

• FALSE

55) A DMCA Take Down Notice is sent to website hosting companies letting them know of
copyright infringement by their users and requires them to address the problem with the
infringing web site and its owner.

• TRUE

• FALSE

56) How many years do you have to respond to a copyright infringement?

• 4 years

• 1 year

• 3 years
 • 7 years

57) If you change a design at least 20%, then it's OK to use it.

• TRUE

• FALSE

58) If you created it you own the copyright as soon as the pen leaves the paper.

• TRUE

• FALSE

59) A copyright registration in the United States can be universally enforced globally.

• TRUE

• FALSE

60) An animal's original creative expression can be owned by the animal who created it.

• TRUE

• FALSE

61) Just like normal humans, a Zombie's copyright lasts a lifetime plus seventy years.

• TRUE

• FALSE

62) Which of the following is NOT part of the core logic of innovation?

• creation of variety
 • scaling up of the best ideas

• brutal selection from among the many options

• repeating the word innovation again and again

63) Why do most organizations often stumble at innovation?

• baggage of past success

• fear of cannibalization

• all of these answers

• an excessive focus on maximizing efficiency

64) Why is collaborative innovation becoming increasingly necessary?

• all of these answers

• No company can master all of the necessary technologies and stay ahead.

• Most products now require an integration of multiple technologies.

• Rapid pace of technology development.

65) Which of the following is NOT an element of the “Design Thinking” process?

• focusing on aesthetic beauty above all else

• putting the user at the center

• focusing on not just what the user says but also how he or she thinks, behaves, and feels

• aiming for “zero distance” between the company and the user

66) What is the core logic behind the “lean startup” process?

• Conduct lots of experiments.

• Think of the term “lean” as eliminating wasted time, effort, and resources.

• Design each experiment to answer a specific question.

• all of these answers

67) Which of the following would be a poor approach to foster creativity without risking chaos?

• urging creativity while also severely punishing any failure

• setting up well-defined sandboxes for innovation

• investing in deeper understanding of customers’ needs

• engaging routinely and actively with young startups

68) Which of the following would be a BAD idea in a dramatic reimagining of the target
customer (e.g., when Apple launched the PC aimed at individual users)?

• Analyze why these customers remain unserved.

• Brainstorm business model changes to make them relevant customers.

• Identify currently unserved markets/customer segments.

• Ignore eventual profitability.

69) What’s the best approach to pursue collaborative innovation?

• Cultivate trust while keeping a watchful eye.

• Agree upfront about contributions, ownership, and decision-making.

• Partner with people or organizations who bring complementary capabilities.

• all of these answers

70) What is a key element of social innovation?

• all of these answers

• ensuring financial viability for the user as well as your organization

• a novel solution to an important but underserved social problem

• factoring in how the product or service would be used in real-life contexts

71) What does frugal innovation (think of Southwest Airlines) refer to?

• offering copycat products or services at somewhat lower prices

• creating products or services that are cheap and ignoring everything else

• acting tough with suppliers and employees to drive the cost down

• designing an ultra-low-cost business model by eliminating “waste” across the entire

system

72) What must you NOT do when figuring out how to dramatically re-engineer the industry’s
value chain?

• Ignore the impact of transforming some activities on other related activities.

• Focus especially on activities with the biggest impact on total cost or delivered customer
value.

• Examine how technology could dramatically transform the entire value chain (or a part
of it).

• Map out the entire value chain from one end to the other.

73)How might you dramatically redefine the notion of customer value (e.g., when Microsoft
launched Office as an integrated bundle of key applications)?

• all of these answers

• Look at products and services from the lens of end users.

• Assess whether they would prefer a more complete solution.

• Examine the possibility of tailoring your offering to each user’s unique needs.

74) Which of the following is NOT a sensible approach when driving for both consistency as well
as innovation?

• Create well-defined sandboxes for experimentation.

 • Much like a train station, think in terms of a stable platform coupled with dynamic
action.

• Switch randomly between consistency and innovation.

• Set up simple rules for allocation of time between routine tasks and experimentation.

75) What is an advantage to learning to be creative?

• increased self-confidence

• improved quality of health and life

• all of these answers

• improved problem-solving skills

76) Fixedness is a cognitive bias that _____.

• limits your ability to see the world around you differently than you're used to

• really doesn't impact your creative abilities over time

• helps you work better with those who see the world like you

• enhances your creative abilities by limiting your mental processes

77) What is not a criteria for classifying a thought as creative?

• It's popular.

• It's useful.

• It's new.

• It's surprising.

78) Task unification is defined as _____.

 • the assignment of additional tasks to an existing resource

• bringing two product attributes into harmony with each other

• assigning only one function to a product

• bringing simplicity to the world of innovation

79) When applying the multiplication technique, which product attribute should you consider
when creating a table?

• color

• all of these answers

• weight

• shape

80) When applying the division technique, after dividing a product or its components, what
should you do?

• Seek consultation from an R&D specialist.

• Rearrange them back into the product.

• Apply a second technique to the product.

• Get a pricing quote from a potential manufacturer.

81) The subtraction technique is defined as the removal of an essential component from a
product.

• FALSE

• TRUE

82) After virtually applying one of the SIT methods to a product, what is a good question to ask?

• Does the concept help people in any way?

 • Can this product bring in enough profit within the current fiscal year?

• Would I buy this product?

• Will this product be popular enough with consumers?

83) What is a Systematic Inventive Thinking pattern?

• subtraction

• multiplication

• all of these answers

• task unification

84) The hallmark of the attribute dependency technique is the unrelated nature of a product's
parts.

• FALSE

• TRUE

85) A key to selecting the best ideas is identifying the most important _____ for your ideas in
advance.

• cost analysis

• people

• timeframe

• criteria

86) The best creativity workshops are held in rooms with specialized accessories to boost
innovative ideas.

• FALSE

• TRUE
87) Functional diversity means that _____.

• team members have different technological skill sets

• team members can interchange their team role when asked

• team members come from different parts of the company

• team members should be okay working various times of the day

88) What do good consultants do with their engagement contract?

• Create a summary which outlines the four contract components.

• This is the recommended action provided in the course to help ensure interested parties
all understand the contract.

• Write a critique for the contract manager.

• Uses the contract to determine how to construct consulting deliverables.

• Files it, as the real job description is not included in the contract.

89) What type of "shifts" do you need to look out for if your client doesn't support your
proposed solution?

• strategy shifts

• Strategy shifts might derail your consulting engagement, but rarely result because of
lack of acceptance of your solution.

• power shifts

• shifty shifts

• funding shifts

90) One of the primary purposes for using the managerial and technical roles is to ensure your
client _____.

• understands your deliverables

• listens to your exact approach for delivery

 • Having your client listen to your exact approach for delivery should not be a primary
objective. Listen to the client's needs and perceptions and develop trust first!

• doesn't call another consultant

• understands the importance of your contract

91) What is NOT something that client's typically look for during the early stages of your
consulting engagement?

• Your social status within the client environment.

• While you should get along with the client team, your "social status" amongst that team
isn't typically considered to be relevant.

• Evidence that you know what you are doing.

• Your willingness to listen.

• Confidence in your abilities.

92) Which of these actions is not recommended when positioning your deliverables for your
client to provide “care and feeding" after your engagement is concluded?

• Define any operational risks that may surface for your client.

• Respond to and correct any issue your client may bring to your attention.

• Schedule checkpoints to measure progress.

• Checkpoints are good to keep you client focused on the reasons they implemented your
solution.

• Define phase 2 opportunities, if appropriate.

93) What are the two types of potential "reviewer" you may be asked to fulfill during a
consulting engagement?

• validating and critical

• contracts and processes

 • While you may be asked to review contracts or processes as part of your output, these
aren't specific types of reviews discussed in the course.

• crucial and temporary

• While these are characteristics OF reviews, they aren't the types of review discussed in
the course.

• all of these answers

94) Which of these is NOT a consulting business model?

• general contractor

• A general contractor consulting model is when you hire other consultants and you run
the project for the client.

• project based

• S-corporation

• staff augmentation

95) How should you estimate and manage your costs?

• take a swag and monitor it

• review your financials at the end of the year

• use a bottoms-up pro forma P&L

• use only external benchmarks

96) Where should you market your services?

• on the cheapest marketing platform

• on every available marketing platform

• only on your website

• where your buyers are

97) _____ sales is where the principals of the firm build relationships with clients, understand
their needs, and sell services to meet those needs.

• Subcontractor

• Direct

• Commissioned

• Partnership

98) Which type of contract governs your entire relationship with the client?

• Master Services Agreement

• Purchase Order

• Statement of Values

• Task Order

99) Which of these is a challenge of "at risk" pricing models?

• regulators don't like these arrangements

• incentives are aligned with your client

• measurement is difficult

• you can make more money

100) What is true about "work made for hire" or "work product"?

• it becomes your intellectual property

• the client owns it after the engagement

• it doesn't need to be defined in the contract

• you get paid a higher rate for it

101) Which of these is NOT a downside to responding to an RFP?

 • they can take a lot of time

• they can put pressure on your rates

• they expose your true economics

• they can result in big contracts

102) What drives the number of people you need to staff on your team?

• employment law

• the amount of work to be done

• personalities

• contract provisions

103) Which of the following is NOT a good technique for resolving conflict?

• act passive-aggressively and hope the client gets the point

• incorporate a client's ideas into the project

• reduce the client's workload

• give the client a visible role on the project

104) When presenting your findings, be sure to present your ideas _____.

• in the right format

• after you leave the project

• with as much data as you can find

• like you're the expert

105) Why should you consult an attorney when you draft a contract?

• to protect your interests and reduce risk

• because the client has an attorney

• to lower your profits which reduces your taxes

 • so your contracts sound intimidating in negotiations

106) _____ tracks money coming into your business and going out of it.

• Balance sheets

• Cash flow

• Financing

• Debt

107) A _____ agreement prevents your employees from pursuing your clients after they've left
your employment.

• intellectual property

• restriction

• project

• noncompete

108) What kind of insurance protects you when your work isn't up to standard and it causes
financial damages?

• disability

• workers' compensation

• Errors and omissions (E&O)

• general liability

109) When you hire people to support you, you have to _____ work.

• generate more

• avoid

• do more

• delegate
110) Which step of the process will cause you to iterate more than others?

• define the question

• select analyses

• create the story.

• discuss and refine the story

111) You should immediately start manipulating data at the beginning of this process.

• TRUE

• FALSE

112) Poor communication leads to lengthy, inefficient process. You end up doing excess,
irrelevant analysis and the result is weak, convoluted communications. When this happens,
there's a lack of _____ for your ideas. You'll also lose _____ as a thought leader.

• excitement; salary

• color; schedule opportunities

• support; credibility

• linear path; clients

113) A hypothesis is something taken to be true for the sake of argument.

• TRUE

• FALSE

114) You should choose your architecture based upon your audience.

• TRUE

• FALSE

115) You can never combine a layer architecture with a column architecture.

• TRUE
 • FALSE

116) A column architecture can have more than three columns

• TRUE

• FALSE

117) You should spend a lot of time perfecting your story at this stage.

• TRUE

• FALSE

118) When discussing and refining your story, you should get input from many stakeholders

• TRUE

• FALSE

119) You should never try to disprove your hypothesis.

• TRUE

• FALSE

120) You should choose your communication vehicle based upon _____.

• your preference

• what your boss likes

• how many people are in the room

• your audience

121) When defining the problem your company solves, you should look at it through the
perspective of _____.

• your customers
 • your ad agency

• your suppliers

• your employees

122) What is a profit pool?

• the return your investors make when you sell your company

• the profit dollars available in a given market

• a measure of how much profit you make

• how much of your profits are taxable

133 ) Dieter has a big communication meeting coming up where he will be presenting his solution

Which action may inhibit Dieter from being successful?

• Rehearse in front of some people.

• Go for a walk and rehearse your presentation.

• Practice your delivery in front of a mirror.

144) Miguel has asked you to help him with his presentation. He wants his audience to be a part of

his story. Which technique would you recommend to him?

• Add "you" type questions.

• Add a Q and A.

• Tell them your story.

• Pause after every slide and ask if anyone has questions.

145) Mark has a great idea for securing dog crates in a car. Which technique would be the best way for
him to present his idea?

• Use a slide show.

• Use a prop and act out the scenario.

• Explain the problem and solution you have.

145) You want to create a takeaway people can repeat and have it stay in their minds when they leave

• your communication. What should you avoid?

• using rhyme

• using iambic meter

• developing a 50-100 word message

146) Rafe has less than 10 minutes to get his communication into his audience's mental door and

wanting to know more. Which of the following would prevent Rafe from connecting with his

audience?

• Link the word "imagine" to three benefits of your product.

• Open with three "did you know" questions.

• Segue into what's next by saying, "you don't have to imagine it."

• Provide the audience with a two- or three-sentence overview of the company.

147) Albert has crafted a presentation for a conference on environmental solutions. He needs to

ensure that his audience will be inspired to take action. What does he need to include in his

presentation to inspire action?

• Include a Q and A slide.

• Tell them what they need to do.

• Include an action-oriented close.

148 ) Mika is getting ready to propose a new solution to her company executives. She knows there

may be resistance. What should she avoid to get her audience to be receptive?

• Articulate what you can do instead of what you cannot.

• Ask yourself, why might my decision-maker say no?

• Bridge with the word "but" instead of the word “and."

149) Jeremiah just finished a speech with an idea he mentioned in his introduction. This technique is

known as

• bookending

• sandwiching

• alliteration

150) Noel has a critical meeting with her steering committee. She wants her communication to

succeed so she can move forward with a project. Which tool will help her achieve this?

• using a 5W form

• using video conferencing

• using a checklist

• using email

151) One of the important factors of successful communication is to know your audience and to have

them listen to you. Which of the 5Ws guides you through questions to get to the results you

need from them?

• Who

• Why

• Where

What

152) What is one reason to send a handwritten note?

• to discipline a subordinate
• to express gratitude

• to spread awareness about a new policy

• to suggest a new meeting time

153) Which sentence is punctuated properly?

• Despite having been before I am excited to attend the conference.

• I have been to the conference before, I am excited to go again.

• I have been to the conference before, and I am excited to go again.

• I have been to the conference before; and I am excited to go again.

154) Which of these should you do during the planning stage?

• write every random thought that comes into your head

• identify five specific topics to include

• determine how long the document will be

• consider the reader's needs and wants

155) Which of these is an example of a concrete request?

• Please help yourself to several bagels in the conference room.

• You'll need to increase your sales by 20 percent soon.

• Try to work harder on your next presentation.

• Please have the expense report on mv desk by 5 p.m. this afternoon

156) Revise the following sentence to be more concise, but have the same meaning:

"The sales figures that we calculate annually will be given to you sometime on the first day of

the month of July."

• You will receive our annual sales figures July 1.

• We will give the sales figures that we calculate annually to you on July 1.

• On the first day of July, you will receive the sales figures that we have calculated.

• You will receive from us before the close of our work day on July 1 the annual sales figures.

157) Which of the following elements do effective business writers always include in their

communications?

• a face-to-face component

• adjectives and adverbs

• topic sentences

158) Which choice is a reliable way to ensure that your email will be read?

• Use a comma after the recipient's name to convey respect.

• Use a compelling subject line.

• Close out the email with a heartfelt expression like "Very truly yours."

• Give all the critical information in one paragraph so the reader will have fewer paragraphs to read.

159) How should you structure your document for easy reading?

• Use two or three line paragraphs

• Include at least 8 sentences in each paragraph.

• Use lists and bullets.

160) Which of the following items is the best example of a good step description?

• Turn on ventilation system before starting any other steps.

• Ventilate the laboratory.

• The necessity of proper ventilation

• Before starting any other steps, turn on the ventilation system.

161) Good Quick Start Guides combine

• language and

• language.

• plain; understandable

• technical; specialized

• plain; technical

162) A good heading should always be what?

• specific and descriptive

• seldom using any verbs

• written as a complete sentence

163) When starting your Quick Start Guide, what questions should you keep in mind?

A. Are there steps my user must take to get started?

B. How can I make my guide visually appealing?

C. Are there tasks my user may want to complete?

• A, C

• B, C

• A, B
•

• A, B, C

164) Which of the following practices should you follow when annotating screenshots?

• Keep annotation style consistent throughout the guide.

• Vary the annotation style from one visual to the next.

• Make the annotation style match the size and color of the actual screenshot.

165) Kara is working on a group research project and needs to create an annotated bibliography

based on the bibliography created by another team member. What does she need to add?

• a description of the sources

• the publishers of the sources

• the names of the sources

166) For a work of art, what is contained in an image caption that is not present in an image citation?

• the item's owner

• the title of the work

• the dimensions

167) Dylan wants to use a sentence from a history book in his paper. What action would be

considered plagiarism?
• Using the sentence with quotation marks around it.

• Just changing the word order of the sentence.

• Restating the sentence in his own words.

• Crediting the original source of the sentence.

168) What usage of copyrighted materials would be a violation of the fair use doctrine?

• criticism

• marketing

• teaching

• news reporting

169) Malik’s instructor is requiring that students use two primary sources for their end-of-semester

project. What sources should he choose?

• autobiography and biography

• news article and diary

• diary and description by a witness

• magazine article and encyclopedia

170 Cecily is searching for sources for a paper she's writing on the Mediterranean diet. In what

circumstance would she choose a popular publication as a source?

• She needs a bibliography to refer to.

• She wants to use peer-reviewed information.

• She is unfamiliar with the jargon in the field.

• She needs credible citations.

171 What type of search terms can help you find similar or related terms grouped together?

• free language terms

• subject headings

• authority headings

• keywords

172 If you aren't able to find enough source material when you start researching a topic, you should

consider _your topic.

• narrowing

• giving up

• expanding

•
•

• abandoning

173) Who would find mind mapping the most helpful?

• Someone who needs to refine the direction of their research.

• Someone who wants to organize the research they've already conducted.

• Someone who doesn't know what research topic to start with.

• Someone who is an expert in their research topic.

174 Which Boolean search term broadens your search?

• and

• both

• or

175) For a class assignment, Nelson needs to use a periodical source that has been peer reviewed.

Which source should he use?

• newspaper

• trade journal

• general magazine

• scholarly journal

176) What is true about general magazines?

• The articles are peer reviewed.

• They're written by professional journalists.

•

• They are considered primary sources.

• They contain a bibliography.

177) As a visually literate researcher, which action can help establish the credibility of an image?

Find an image with an online search.

• Identify the images needed.

• Evaluate the image source.

• Put the image in context.

178) Felicity wants to use some photos of the New York City skyline in her presentation. What type of

images should she look for to ensure she can use them without permission?

• images in the public domain

• images from a library's archives

• images from the Library of Congress

• images that appear in Google search

179) How are social media sites today being used as a trusted source of information?

• They're used to connect classmates and coworkers.

• They're used to share personal videos.

• They're used to update communities about natural disasters.

•

• They're used by organizations to push a political agenda.

180) Nan is a school administrator trying to estimate how many school-age kids will be living in her

district in five years. What type of research resource should she use to help her find the

answer?

• maps

• statistical database

• objects and artifacts

• materials collections

189) A train derailed outside of Philadelphia on Monday. Based on the information cycle, where would

you read about this story on Tuesday?

• internet

• reference book

• newspaper

• academic journal

190) How can Wikipedia be helpful when you're conducting college research?

• It can help you identify keywords and concepts to research elsewhere.

•
•

• It can be referred to for unbiased information on any topic.

• It can be used as primary source material.

• It can be used as a sole source since it's so comprehensive.

191) Aaron plans to do some research on the Industrial Revolution in the university library's archives.

How would what he finds there differ from research on the same topic in a general library's

collection?

• The materials are more likely to be digital than materials in a general library collection.

• The materials were all created by scholars who studied the Industrial Revolution.

• Some of the relevant materials were created during the Industrial Revolution.

• There are many more copies of archival materials than materials in a general library collection.

192) Margot travels frequently for work. Why might she choose to use an online library to conduct

research for a project she's working on?

• She needs to use books written by an author who's still living.

• Only online libraries have free books.

• She can access the books remotely.

• She only needs books in the public domain.

193)Information literacy includes skills in navigating research, as well as an understanding of

• how information is created

• the Dewey decimal system

• who the primary information creators are

• exactly how much information exists

194)What are the two main reasons to promote your article?

• to show your subject matter to readers and your skills to editors

• to show your editing to publishers and your skills to sources

• to show your transitions to readers and your subject matter to editors

• to show your sources to editors and your skills to competitors

195)When editing your article, what should you NOT be looking for?

• Roman numerals

• cliches

• fussy language

• unnecessary words

196)When submitting your article for publication, don't include

• a suggested headline

• a list of your interview questions

• photos and captions

• your availability in the coming days

197) One way to organize the ideas in your article is to

• edit your notes, deleting and cutting/pasting as needed

• create a detailed outline with roman numerals

• all of these answers

• sketch a loose visual roadmap or flow chart

198) Use your creativity to keep the reader engaged in all parts of your article EXCEPT

• transitions

• the ending

• quotations

199) All of these are great sources for your article content EXCEPT

• something you saw with your own eyes

• something you heard from a friend

•

• something you read in a major news outlet

• an interview you did with an expert

200) Before an interview, it's a good idea

• to prepare a list of yes-or-no questions

• not to think too much-you want it to feel like a natural conversation

• to prepare a list of long, complex questions

• to ask your subject if it's okay to record the interview

201) Which of these article types is the most flexible and popular?

• feature

• news

• research

• commentary

202) What should you NOT include in a pitch or query letter?

• sources you plan to speak with

• a deadline for responding

• your completed article

• them.
203) Which of the following IS NOT a primary ethical standard of research?

• Informed consent

• Validity

• Confidentiality

204) Which of the following studies would NOT require Institutional Review Board approval?

• All studies require IRB approval.

• A study using a mix of human and non-human subjects.

• A study entirely using previously collected data which was published in a publically available source.

• A study using internal subjects.

205) Common acronyms should be used throughout the paper.

• TRUE

• FALSE

206) Most research limitations fall into which two categories?

• Methodology limitations and data limitations.

• Methodology limitations and infrastructure limitations.

• Methodology limitations and population sample limitations.

• Methodology limitations and research team limitations.

207) The abstract and final summary are almost always the two most-read parts of a research paper.

• TRUE
FALSE

208) How do 'statistical significance' and 'practical significance' differ?

• Statistical means the findings are relevant; practical means the probability of results left to random

• chance is low.

• Statistical means the probability of results left to random chance is low; practical means the findings
are

• relevant to use in your field.

• There is no difference.

• Statistical means the probability of results left to random chance is low and the findings are relevant

• practical means the cost is low.

209) Which of the following IS NOT true about formatting a table?

• Show data patterns in columns rather than rows because most people read down rather than across.

• More smaller tables are better than one very large table.

• Simplify numbers to the fullest extent, even if that means using scientific notation.

• Make sure to share your data from the highest number to the lowest.

210) There are multiple ways to share and fill out a survey, and your research can combine methods

to meet participants where they are.

• TRUE

• FALSE

211) What is population sampling?

• The methodology used to achieve a representative sample of people to participate in your study.

•
• Finding the people who take part in your study but should not have.

• Choosing participants at random to ensure probability.

• Engineering the participants in your study to align with the contours of the population.

212) Which is the best description of an ancillary study?

• Putting an intervention into an experiment to measure against a control group.

• Supplementing an existing data set with one or more additional measurements.

• Using an existing data set but comparing variables not examined in the original study.

• Using statistics to identify variances and publication biases in existing literature and research results.

213) Which of the following IS NOT a consideration when narrowing your research topic?

Relationship of Variables

• Aspect

• Validity

• Methodology

214) You should start writing your problem statement from the place you feel the most comfortable.

• TRUE

• FALSE

215) Which of the following IS NOT a section of a research proposal

• Criticisms

•
• Problem Statement

216) Can good social science research be subiective?

• Yes, because social science research can cherry-pick its findings to match an ideology.

• Yes, because subjectivity as a social science research term is about the human condition.

• No, because objectivity must be more than a research framework.

• No, because objectivity is at the forefront of the scientific method.

217) Why is the null hypothesis important in quantitative research?

• There needs to be more than an educated guess about a phenomenon.

• Statistics are a soft science and need a different hypothesis than a hard science.

• A null hypothesis accounts for random chance as the reason for a perceived relationship between

• variables.

• Quantitative research is about certainty rather than probability. The null hypothesis is not a certain

• measure.

218) How does a literature review differ from an annotated bibliography?

• A literature review is a straightforward recitation of what you read, like a book report.

• There is no difference; a literature review is the research term for annotated bibliography.

• A literature review must include all of the literature you have read on the topic.

• A literature review provides a thorough dive into the field from a narrative perspective, not just
notes.
219)What makes a research objective different from a research question?

• There can only be one research objective.

• A research obiective is more focused than a research question.

• A research objective can only relate to a hypothesis.

• The research objective is concerned with the goals of your researc

h rather than the questions your datac ollection attempts to answer.

220) The independent variable is the variable your research will manipulate to see potential

relationships with dependent variables.

• TRUE

• FALSE

221)Why is it important for another researcher to be able to replicate your study?

• It broadens the findings of your research if findings can be replicated in another setting.

• It allows for the research field to test the validity of your findings

• It can ensure the relevance of this new knowledge in different environments.

• all of these answers

222)A correlational study will not only point out the trends in your data but can prove causality.

• TRUE

• FALSE

223)A rigorous and well-structured instrument will need to be what two things?

• Significant and Ethical

• Deductive and Confidential

• Correlational and Probabilistic

• Reliable and Valid

225) How might you manage the process of polishing a draft?

• Read the draft multiple times.

• Use a checklist.

• Employ an outside editor.

• Run a spell checker.

226) Which paper would engage most readers from beginning to end in a lengthy white paper?

• "Sorghum Harvests for 2012-2018"

• "How to Install Horseshoe Cable Fasteners"

• "High-performance sports car price guide 2019 "

• "Global Water Quality in the Next Decade”

227)Which topics would be the best candidate for a white paper?

• an opportunity for buying surplus parts for steering systems

• a faster, cheaper, data-storage medium

• a revolutionary pollution-reduction method

•
• a promotional offer on last year's automobiles

228) From the viewpoint of the reader, how does a white paper differ from a typical sales brochure?

• A sales brochure is more concerned with economic factors than a white paper.

• The white paper focuses more on a single issue or product than a sales brochure.

• A white paper appears to be more analvtical and impartial than a sales brochure.

• Traditionally, a white paper presents deeply reasoned and impartial arguments w

• sales brochure.