fiziks

Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, M.Sc. Entrance, JEST, TIFR and GRE in Physics

Assignment-11
(Ising Model)
Q1. If the first neighbour interaction energy is J1 and the second neighbor interaction is J 2 ,

find the ground state configuration of spin - 1/ 2 Ising model with first and second
neighbor interaction on a 2d square lattice

second
neighbour

first
neighbour

particle

Q2. In beta brass, the interactions between different atoms can be taken as J CuCu , J ZnZn and

J CuZn for copper-copper, zinc - zinc and copper zinc (or zinc - copper) interactions

respectively. If si  1 represents occupation of site i by Cu and si  1 represents

occupation of site i by Zn , the Hamiltonian can be written as

H   J  si s j  H  si  C
ij i

1 1
Show that J    J CuCu  J ZnZn  2 J CuZn  , H    J CuCu  J ZnZn  and
4 2
1
C  J CuCu  J ZnZn  2 J CuZn  . If there are equal n number of Cu and Zn atoms, show
4
that the above Hamiltonian reduces to zero field spin - 1/ 2 Ising Hamiltonian with
constant shift in ground state energy by C .
Q3. Find the ground state energies of spin - 1 Ising model described by the Hamiltonian
H   J  si s j  K  si2 s 2j  D  si2 , si  0, 1
ij ij i

on 2d square lattice.

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Revised Edition 2019 1
 fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, M.Sc. Entrance, JEST, TIFR and GRE in Physics

Q4. The Ising model of magnetism: The local environment of an electron in a crystal
sometimes forces its spin to stay parallel or anti-parallel to a given lattice direction. As a
model of magnetism in such materials we denote the spin by a single

TC
X sp T  X eq T 

unstable

meta- meta-
stable stable

1 1 x

Variable  i  1 (an Ising spin). The energy of a configuration  i  of spins is then

given by
1 N
H  J ij i j  hi  i ;
2 i , j 1

where h is an external magnetic field, and J ij is the interaction energy between spins at

sites i and j
(a) For N spins we make the drastic approximation that the interaction between all
spins is the same, and J ij   J / N (the equivalent neighbor model). Show that the

energy can now be written as E  M , h    N  Jm2 / 2  hm , with a magnetization

m   i 1 i / N  M / N .
N

(b) Show that the partition function Z  h, t    i  exp   H  can be re written as

 M exp  F  m, h  ; with F  m, h  easily calculated. F  m, h  expanded to 4th

order in m .

H.No. 40-D, Ground Floor, Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498
Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com | Email: fiziks.physics@gmail.com
Revised Edition 2019 2
 fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, M.Sc. Entrance, JEST, TIFR and GRE in Physics

H.No. 40-D, Ground Floor, Jia Sarai, Near IIT, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016
Phone: 011-26865455/+91-9871145498
Website: www.physicsbyfiziks.com | Email: fiziks.physics@gmail.com
Revised Edition 2019 3