American 3

Marcelo Rodrigues Cantanhede

Diretor Geral

Marcus Vinícius Alves do Nascimento

Autor

Adults Book
Level 3

First Edition
2021

ACCOMPLISH Idiomas
All rights reserved
 Generation
Gap
What Is a Generation Gap?

A generation gap refers to the chasm that separates the beliefs and behaviors belonging
to members of two different generations. More specifically, a generation gap can be used
to describe the differences in thoughts, actions, and tastes exhibited by members of
younger generations versus older ones.

The differences may be in politics, values, and pop culture and other areas. While
generation gaps have been prevalent throughout all periods of history, the breadth of
differences of these gaps has widened in the 20th and 21st centuries.

Key Takeaways

A generation gap is defined as the different thoughts and worldviews held by different
generational cohorts.
The generation gap between individuals can be used to explain differences in the
worldviews and actions observed among those of different age groups.
The current living generations are the Greatest Generation, the silent generation, baby
boomers, Generation X, millennials, and Generation Z.
Businesses often aim to understand the different characteristics of each generation to
better create and market their products and services.
Employers seek to reduce the generational gap within the workplace by employing a
variety of techniques.

Debating

1. Discuss the definition from the words in bold. What are

their meanings and in which context can they be used?
2. Research about each living generation: The Greatest
Generation, the silent generation, baby boomers,
Generation X, millenials and Generation Z.

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01
Generation
Gap
Debate the questions with your group.

1. Have you ever felt a generation gap with your friends?

2. How do you overcome the generation gap?
3. When do you feel the generation gap the most?
4. Is it possible to overcome a generation gap?
5. At what point in life does the generation gap seem to be the largest?
6. Do you think you can be a better parent than your own parents in future?
7. What do you think are some of the advantages or disadvantages of another
generation?
8. What influences the styles, values and interests of a generation?
9. How long is a generation?

DO YOU KNOW?

... who is the richest person in the world nowadays?

... what the capital of Australia is?
... what the smallest country in the world is?
... how many stars are the in the U.S. flag?

WHAT WOULD YOU DO

... if somebody asked you to try a very exotic kind of food and it would be very
impolite to refuse?

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Healthy
Brain
5 tips to keep your brain healthy

Changes to your body and brain are normal as you age. However, there are some things
you can do to help slow any decline in memory and lower your risk of developing
Alzheimer’s disease or other dementias. Here are five things I recommend in order of
importance:

1. Exercise regularly.
The first thing I tell my patients is to keep exercising. Exercise has many known benefits,
and it appears that regular physical activity benefits the brain.

2. Get plenty of sleep.

Sleep plays an important role in your brain health. There are some theories that sleep
helps clear abnormal proteins in your brain and consolidates memories, which boosts
your overall memory and brain health.

3. Eat a Mediterranean diet.

Your diet plays a large role in your brain health. I recommend considering following a
Mediterranean diet, which emphasizes plant-based foods, whole grains, fish and
healthy fats, such as olive oil. It incorporates much less red meat and salt than a typical
American diet.

4. Stay mentally active.

Your brain is similar to a muscle — you need to use it or you lose it. There are many
things that you can do to keep your brain in shape, such as doing crossword puzzles or
Sudoku, reading, playing cards or putting together a jigsaw puzzle.

5. Remain socially involved.

Social interaction helps ward off depression and stress, both of which can contribute to
memory loss. Look for opportunities to connect with loved ones, friends and others,
especially if you live alone.

accomplish idiomas
Healthy
Brain
Getting the idea!

1. Discuss the words in bold and make at least 2 questions using them.
After, practice these questions with a friend.

2. Do you put these activies suggested in the text into practice? How often?

3. What do you usually do to keep your mind healthy? Does it really help?

Discuss the pictures

These activities are often used to relax mind and body.

Share your opinion about their effects in one's brain and spirit.

Ioga Dance Meditation Cooking

Role Play

Your friend doesn't believe in the effects of the alternative medicine.

Try to explain to him/her the effectiveness of medical herbs and plants.
Use your best arguments!

Number of students: 2

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DIFFERENT
CULTURES
Commonality of humankind

Differences between people within any given nation or culture are much greater
than differences between groups. Education, social standing, religion, personality,
belief structure, past experience, affection shown in the home, and a myriad of
other factors will affect human behavior and culture.
Sure there are differences in approach as to what is considered polite and
appropriate behavior both on and off the job. In some cultures "yes" means, "I
hear you" more than "I agree." Length of pleasantries and greetings before
getting down to business; level of tolerance for being around someone speaking a
foreign (not-understood) language; politeness measured in terms of gallantry or
etiquette (e.g., standing up for a woman who approaches a table, yielding a seat
on the bus to an older person, etc.); and manner of expected dress are all
examples of possible cultural differences and traditions.
In México it is customary for the arriving person to greet the others. For instance,
someone who walks into a group of persons eating would say provecho (enjoy
your meal). In Chile, women often greet both other women and men with a kiss on
the cheek. In Russia women often walk arm in arm with their female friends.
Paying attention to customs and cultural differences can give someone outside
that culture a better chance of assimilation or acceptance. Ignoring these can get
an unsuspecting person into trouble.
There are cultural and ideological differences and it is good to have an
understanding about a culture's customs and ways. Aaron Pun, a Canadian
ODCnet correspondent, wrote: "In studying cross cultural differences, we are not
looking at individuals but a comparison of one ethnic group against others.
Hence, we are comparing two bell curves and generalization cannot be avoided."
Another correspondent explained the human need to categorize. True and true,
but the danger comes when we act on some of these generalizations, especially
when they are based on faulty observation. Acting on generalizations about such
matters as eye contact, personal space, touch, and interest in participation can
have serious negative consequences.

accomplish idiomas
Research.
It's time to get to know new cultures!

Make a research on the internet about three very different

cultures in the world and compare them with your friends.

Talk about the differences between the customs, religion,

traditions, greetings etc.

Discuss your points of view with your teacher and friends.

Debating time.

1 What are some things that define a culture? For example, music,

language, etc.

2 What do you think is interesting about your culture?

3 Do you know much about your own culture?

4 When people from other countries think about your culture, what do they

usually think of?

5 In your culture is it polite to be straightforward and direct when you talk

to someone?

6 What has surprised you when you've met people from other countries?

7 Have you looked at Internet pages from a different culture? If so, how

were they different from those of your own culture?

8 What do you like about your culture?

9 What don't you like about your culture?

10 Who in your culture do you admire most?

11 What your culture are you most proud about?

12 Why do you think culture is important?

13 If you could change one thing about your culture, what would it be?

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 page
03

SELF LOVE
WHAT IS SELF-LOVE?

Before a person is able to practice it, first we need to understand what it means.
Self-love is a state of appreciation for oneself that grows from actions that support
our physical, psychological and spiritual growth. Self-love means having a high regard
for your own well-being and happiness. Self-love means taking care of your own
needs and not sacrificing your well-being to please others. Self-love means not
settling for less than you deserve.
Self-love can mean something different for each person because we all have many
different ways to take care of ourselves. Figuring out what self-love looks like for you
as an individual is an important part of your mental health.
What does self-love mean to you?
For starters, it can mean: talking to and about yourself with love. Prioritizing yourself.
Giving yourself a break from self-judgement. Trusting yourself. Being true to yourself.
Being nice to yourself. Setting healthy boundaries. Forgiving yourself when you aren’t
being true or nice to yourself.
For many people, self-love is another way to say self-care. To practice self-care, we
often need to go back to the basics and
Listen to our bodies
Take breaks from work and move/stretch.
Put the phone down and connect to yourself or others, or do something creative.
Eating healthily, but sometimes indulge in your favorite foods.
Self-love means accepting yourself as you are in this very moment for everything that
you are. It means accepting your emotions for what they are and putting your
physical, emotional and mental well-being first.
How and Why to Practice Self Love
So now we know that self-love motivates you to make healthy choices in life. When
you hold yourself in high esteem, you're more likely to choose things that nurture your
well-being and serve you well. These things may be in the form of eating healthy,
exercising or having healthy relationships.
Ways to practice self-love include:
Becoming mindful. People who have more self-love tend to know what they think,
feel, and want.
Taking actions based on need rather than want. By staying focused on what you
need, you turn away from automatic behavior patterns that get you into trouble,
keep you stuck in the past, and lessen self-love.
Practicing good self-care. You will love yourself more when you take better care
of your basic needs. People high in self-love nourish themselves daily through
healthy activities, like sound nutrition, exercise, proper sleep, intimacy and healthy
social interactions.
Making room for healthy habits. Start truly caring for yourself by mirroring that in
what you eat, how you exercise, and what you spend time doing. Do stuff, not to
“get it done” or because you “have to,” but because you care about you.
Finally, to practice self-love, start by being kind, patient, gentle and compassionate to
yourself, the way you would with someone else that you care about.

accomplish idiomas
Speech
Write a speech about self-love
and present it to the class.

Give suggestions and tips on how to

start practicing self-love and the importance of

it for your health, mind and body.

If necessary, use one of your experieces as an

example to inspire and motivate your friends.

Debate
Debating Time

1.How can self-love prevent yourself from being in tough or risky

situations?

2.How can we absorb, assimilate and overcome difficult

situations we might live in our lives?

3.Which people participate in your self-loving proccess?

How do they usually help you out?

4.What is the main importance of loving yourself and respect

your own desires?

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 PREPARING
YOURSELF
for the future and the challenges ahead

GETTING READY
As a high school student, you may be evaluating which college you would like to attend after
you graduate. While making a decision about where to go is vital to how your college
experience will play out, there are many things that you can be doing to prepare for college in
the meantime. Developing good habits in high school will lead to good habits in college, and
while a college degree is something that pays off, being properly equipped to handle
university-level classes prior to entering college will contribute largely to the enjoyment you
receive while studying at a university. Below are valuable tips to help high school students
prepare for college.

Begin the college search as early as possible

Decide which characteristics are most important in a college (atmosphere, size, location,
degrees programs offered, career training, etc.) before making a decision about attending
college. If possible, visit each of the college campuses you are interested in to get a feel for the
campus and find out what student life is like. This will also give you an opportunity to meet
with an admissions representative and ask questions.

Discipline yourself
Once you get to college, the temptation to slack may be hard to resist. Don’t make the
mistake of skipping too many classes or neglecting your study time. It can be very easy to fall
behind. Make it a habit to attend every class – even when you don’t feel like it – and adhere to
your study schedule if you want to do well in college. If you miss several classes in a semester,
you will miss out on valuable class material and may not complete the semester successfully.

Learn time management

To avoid feeling overwhelmed by the college experience, you must learn to balance school,
your social life, and any other obligations you have. Keep a calendar of all paper due dates and
exam dates. Set aside a certain amount of time each day that you devote to uninterrupted
studying. Sticking to a schedule can help you manage your time effectively without feeling
overwhelmed.

Be responsible
While class attendance is mandatory in high school, one of the perks of college is that you get
to choose whether or not you go to class. Many students take advantage of this and skip
classes unnecessarily. Regardless of what some may say, attending classes is vital to your
success, since lectures and class activities are where you will get most of the content that
shows up on your exams. High school is the perfect time to get in the habit of regularly
attending class and learning what it means to be disciplined.

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PRACTICE
TIME

.
Did you make friends in school that you still keep in touch?
Where did you go to kindergarten?
Where did you go to elementary school?
Where did you go to junior high school?
Where did you go to high school?
Did you go to college or university?

?
Where did you go?
What did you study?
How many years did you go?
Did you work while you went there?
Did you enjoy going to elementary school?
Does your country have middle schools?

!
What is the age that children begin school?
How old are students they when they graduate?
Did you go to a good high school?
What do you remember about your teachers?
Who was your favorite teacher?
What teacher impressed you the most?
Do you still stay in touch with your teachers?

,
Did you have any teachers you didn't like?
How many students were in your high school?
Describe the students who attended your high school.
Did they have a good influence on you?
What subjects were you good at?
What subjects were you bad at?
Did you study a foreign language in school?
Was it taught well?
Do you know anyone who attended a private school?
Do private schools offer higher quality education or
are they just prestigious?

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Understanding
Equality
What is equality?
Equality is about ensuring that every individual has an equal opportunity to make the most of

their lives and talents.

It is also the belief that no one should have poorer life chances because of the way they

were born, where they come from, what they believe, or whether they have a disability.

Equality recognises that historically certain groups of people with protected characteristics

such as race, disability, sex and sexual orientation have experienced discrimination.

The development of Britain’s anti-discrimination laws took place around the 1970s, aiming to

tackle unfair discrimination towards some groups of people in education, employment and

the provision of services.

For example, the Sex Discrimination Act was introduced in 1975 to stop discrimination due to

a person’s sex. Sex discrimination frequently occurred in the past, particularly in the

workplace and specifically towards women.

The Equality Act 2010

The Equality Act 2010 prohibits all employers, service providers and providers of education,

from discriminating against, harassing or victimising individuals with protected

characteristics.

Unlawful discrimination would be things like:

refusing to admit a child to as school as a pupil because of their race

discouraging a female student from undertaking a course in Engineering

Any individual who believes that they have been discriminated against, harassed or

victimised as defined by the Equality Act 2010 can take a claim to a tribunal or court. Legal

action would normally be started within six months of the unlawful act.

To meet the needs of disabled people, the Equality Act 2010 states that reasonable

adjustments can be made for disabled people, and that it is not unlawful discrimination to

treat disabled people more favourably than non-disabled people because of their disability.

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Debating Time
Do you have equal rights?

Do other people in your country have more rights than you?

Is there perfect equality in your country?

Which group of people in your country are least equal?

Which areas of inequality make you angriest?

What do you do when you see inequality in front to you?

Which countries do you think give least regard to equal rights?

What do you know about the history of equal rights?

Which countries have championed equal rights or are good examples of how

equality can be achieved?

What do you think of the saying that “all men are born equal but some are

born more equal than others”?

What kinds of inequality exist in your country?

What inequalities exist between the sexes?

Is there a lot of racial discrimination in your country?

Do you think one day everyone around the world will have equal rights?

Why don’t all countries insist on total equality in their societies?

What examples can you think of to show that our world is the most unequal

place imaginable?

Do politician and the rich and famous have more rights than we do?

How would the world be different if everyone on the planet enjoyed the

same rights and no discrimination existed?

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 Movies and
Humans
The Movie Industry

The cinema as a cultural institution has been studied by academic researchers in the arts
and humanities. At present, cultural media studies are the home to the aesthetics and critical
analysis of film, film history and other branches of film scholarship. Probably less known to
most is that research psychologists working in social and life science labs have also
contributed to the study of the medium. They have examined the particular experience that
motion pictures provide to the film audience and the mechanisms that explain the
perception and comprehension of film, and how movies move viewers and to what effects.
This article reviews achievements in psychological research of the film since its earliest
beginnings in the 1910s. A leading issue in the research has been whether understanding films
is a bottom-up process, or a top-down one. A bottom-up explanation likens film-viewing to
highly automated detection of stimulus features physically given in the supply of images; a
top-down one to the construction of scenes from very incomplete information using mental
schemata. Early film psychologists tried to pinpoint critical features of simple visual stimuli
responsible for the perception of smooth movement. The riddle of apparent motion has not
yet been solved up to now. Gestalt psychologists were the first to point at the role of mental
structures in seeing smooth movement, using simple visual forms and displays. Bottom-up
and top-down approaches to the comprehension of film fought for priority from the 60s
onwards and became integrated at the end of the century. Gibson’s concept of direct
perception led to the identification of low-level film-stylistic cues that are used in
mainstream film production, and support film viewers in highly automated seamless
perception of film scenes. Hochberg’s argument for the indispensability of mental schemata,
too, accounted for the smooth cognitive construction of portrayed action and scenes. Since
the 90s, cognitive analyses of narration in film by film scholars from the humanities have
revolutionised accounts of the comprehension of movies. They informed computational
content analyses that link low-level film features with meaningful units of film-story-telling.
After a century of research, some perceptual and cognitive mechanisms that support our
interaction with events in the real world have been uncovered. Today, the film experience at
large has reappeared on the agenda. An integration of top-down and bottom-up mechanisms
is sought in explaining the remarkable intensity of the film experience. Advances are now
being made in grasping what it is like to enjoy movies, by describing the absorbing and
moving qualities of the experience. As an example, a current account of film viewers'
emotional experience is presented. Further advances in our understanding of the film
experience and its underlying mechanisms can be expected if film psychologists team up
with cognitive film studies, computer vision and the neurosciences. This collaboration is also
expected to allow for research into mainstream and other genres as forms of art.

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Questions Unit 05

What is your all-time favorite movie?

What is your favorite movie?
Are there any kinds of movies you dislike?
If so, what kinds?
Why do you dislike them?
Do you like to watch horror movies?
Do you prefer fiction or nonfiction books? How about movies?
Do you usually watch movies at home or at a movie theater?
Have you ever seen the same movie more than once?
If yes, name it (or them).
Have you ever seen ___? (Insert the name of a movie.)
How often do you go to movies?
How often do you rent videos?
If a book has been made into a movie, which do you prefer to do first, see the
movie or read the book? Why?
What do you think of people who talk during movies at a movie theater?
What is the best movie you have ever seen?
Who was in it?
Why did you like it?
Who was the director?
What is the scariest movies you have ever seen?
What's the funniest?
What's the most romantic?
What is the worst movie you've ever seen?

Talk about your

favorite actor/actress.
WHY DO YOU LIKE HIM/HER SO MUCH?

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 PewDiePie
110M subscribers

Felix Kjellberg is the UK-based Swedish gamer who’s been running this

channel since 2010. He is YouTube’s number one in terms of popularity

and number of subscribers and has reigned YouTube for a while now,

even if he’s fought for this spot with other famous YouTubers, notably

Smosh. Mainly a gaming influencer, he also likes to diversify into

comedy sketches and Vlogs, and even published a book recently.

Mr. Beast
65.2M subscribers

Launched in 2012, this is one of YouTube’s most random, dazzling, and

attention-grabbing channels. Jimmy Donaldson from the USA is known for

his viral challenges, like eating the world’s largest slice of pizza, and his

charity stunts, like giving away $1M dollars with only 1 minute to spend

them. It’s hard not to be drawn in by these original and extraordinary

videos!

Whinderssonnunes
42.7M subscribers

Close behind Germán is Whindersson Nunes Batista. This is a young

Brazilian singer and comedian with a fierce sense of humor. He’s been

uploading different sorts of comedic content since he was 15: songs, travel

vlogs, podcasts, movie reviews, or vlogs about his daily life…

IF YOU
COULD key-words
Look up for the words

make a Youtube channel, you don't know and write

what would you want to

down their definitions.

talk about? Why?

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 QUESTIONS
Youtubers
1. What is the best Youtube channel in your opinion? What does it usually

talk about? Why do you like it so much?

2. Do you think it is too much hard to make money with Youtube videos?

Give some examples.

3. Can you think of a topic for a channel no one has ever thought about?

Instagram
1. How often do you post pictures on Instagram?

2. Do you post stories on Instagram?

3. Do you think that posting memes on Instagram doesn’t belong?

4. Have you ever tried Instagram questions?

5. Do you follow celebrities on Instagram?

ROLE PLAY

Now it's time to

improvise!
You are gonna perform

your own Youtube channel.

Choose the subject you will talk

about, a name for your channel

and you are done to present it to

the class!

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 Readin g
How pets can help.
Any pet can improve your health

While it’s true that people with pets often experience greater health benefits than those
without, a pet doesn’t necessarily have to be a dog or a cat. A rabbit could be ideal if
you’re allergic to other animals or have limited space but still want a furry friend to
snuggle with. Birds can encourage social interaction and help keep your mind sharp if
you’re an older adult. Snakes, lizards, and other reptiles can make for exotic
companions. Even watching fish in an aquarium can help reduce muscle tension and
lower your pulse rate.
Studies have shown that:

Pet owners are less likely to suffer from depression than those without pets.
People with pets have lower blood pressure in stressful situations than those
without pets. One study even found that when people with borderline hypertension
adopted dogs from a shelter, their blood pressure declined significantly within five
months.
Playing with a dog, cat, or other pet can elevate levels of serotonin and dopamine,
which calm and relax.
Pet owners have lower triglyceride and cholesterol levels (indicators of heart disease)
than those without pets.
Heart attack patients with pets survive longer than those without.
Pet owners over age 65 make 30 percent fewer visits to their doctors than those
without pets.

One of the reasons for these therapeutic effects is that pets fulfill the basic human need
for touch. Even hardened criminals in prison show long-term changes in their behavior
after interacting with pets, many of them experiencing mutual affection for the first time.
Stroking, hugging, or otherwise touching a loving animal can rapidly calm and soothe
you when you’re stressed or anxious. The companionship of a pet can also ease
loneliness, and most dogs are a great stimulus for healthy exercise, which can
substantially boost your mood and ease depression.

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 Getting the idea!

1. Discuss the words in bold. Every student should say at least one sentence by using
the new words.

2. Discuss about the importance of animals for humans and share the experiences
you might have.

Exploring Vocabulary

Some words are used specially for describing animals.

Read these words, discuss their meanings and then share some examples of animals
with these characteristics.

Domesticated Fluffy Tamed Nocturnal

Downy Flying Venomous Poisonous
Endangered Freshwater Warm-blooded PRedatory
Feathered Horned Winged Savage

Grammar point

In many languages, adjectives denoting attributes usually occur in a specific order.

Generally, the adjective order in English is:

Quantity > Opinion > Size > Age > Shape > Color > Proper adjective > Purpose or qualifier

I love that really big old green antique car that always parked at the end of the street.

My sister adopted a beautiful big white bulldog.

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Pets & Teacher's
Guide

Humans
Teacher's Guide
A. Students must repeat the sentences in unison.

1. I love that beautiful old big green antique car / jewel / necklace
2. My sister has a big beutiful tan and white bulldog / Pitbull / Chihuahua
3. A wonderful old Italian clock. / church / book
4. A big square blue box. / table / coffee table
5. A disgusting pink plastic ornament. / accessory / jacket
6. Some slim new French trousers. / Italian / English
7. An amazing new American movie. / documentary /
8. I bought a pair of black leather shoes. / boots / jeans
9. We live in the big green, white and red house at the end of the street. / corner / way.
10. My friend lost a red, black and white watch. / jacket / pair of sneakers.

B. Put the sentences into negative.

It was made of a strange, green, metallic material.

It’s a long, narrow, plastic brush.
Panettone is a round, Italian, bread-like Christmas cake.
She was a beautiful, tall, thin, young, black-haired, Scottish woman.
Home was always a warm, welcoming place. Now it is sad, dark and cold.

C. Each student should choose 3 objects and define their characteristics by using the
adjectives in order.
For example: "Oh, there is an amazing, old, colorful painting in my living room..."

D. Answer Key

A: Answers: A – large and white B – large white F: Answers: A – little blue, green and white B – interesting
B: Answer: C new, old and antique C – incredible, huge, brand-new Italian
C: Answer: A
G: Answers: A – nice new red rain B – three nice big new
D: Answer: B
polka-dotted squirting C – little old round red
E: Answer: A
 Readin g
In the battle of billionaires with rocket companies, Jeff Bezos will finally beat Elon Musk.

Mr. Bezos, the founder of Amazon, said on Monday that he would take a trip to space
next month when Blue Origin, the rocket company he founded more than two decades
ago, conducts its first human spaceflight.

“Ever since I was five years old, I’ve dreamed of traveling to space,” Mr. Bezos, 57, said on
Instagram. He said his brother Mark would join him on the flight, allowing him to
embark on “the greatest adventure, with my best friend.”

Mr. Bezos made the announcement in the middle of a busy year for human spaceflight.
Blue Origin’s biggest competitors in private rocketry, SpaceX and Virgin Galactic, have
both announced a number of trips to carry a variety of individuals on launches or flights
high above the planet, but neither as yet plans a passenger of such a high profile.

Mr. Bezos predicted that he would be a new man after his journey to space: “It changes
your relationship with this planet, with humanity,” he said. “It’s one earth. I want to go on
this flight because it’s the thing I’ve wanted to do all my life.”

Text taken from The New York Times Journal.

Discuss the words in bold.

Each student should make a question by using them
and ask each other.

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19
Debating Time

1. What do you think of the idea of travelling to space? Would you go?
2. How much do you know about the universe in your opinion?
3. What is a parallel universe? Do you think another you lives in one?
4. What images spring to mind when you hear the word ‘universe’?
5. Einstein said: "Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and
I'm not sure about the universe." What does he mean? Do you agree?
6. Do you think McDonalds and Starbucks will be in the outer regions of the
universe one day?
7. Aldous Huxley said: "There is only one corner of the universe you can be
certain of improving, and that's your own self." Do you agree?

Grammar point

Some adjectives can be identified by their endings.

Typical adjective endings include:

-able/-ible understandable, capable, readable, incredible

Ex. -al mathematical, functional, influential, chemical
-ful beautiful, bashful, helpful, harmful
-ic artistic, manic, rustic, terrific
-ive submissive, intuitive, inventive, attractive
-less sleeveless, hopeless, groundless, restless
-ous gorgeous, dangerous, adventurous, fabulous

Put in practice!
Describe the city or cummunity you live using at least 6 adjectives.

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 Teacher's
Guide

Teacher's Guide
A. Students must repeat the sentences replacing the adjectives.
1. Teacher: Our house color is a kind of yellow.
2. Student: We live in a yellowish house.

1. He often acts like a child. → He often acts in a childish way.

2. The event was a big success. → We enjoyed a successful event.
3. We enjoyed the sound of the drum’s rhythm. → We enjoyed the drum’s rhythmic sound.
4. She adopted a dog without a home. → She adopted a homeless dog.
5. Look out, that plant is poison. → Look out for that poisonous plant.
6. It looks like it will rain today. → It looks like we’ll have rainy weather today.
7. She always acts with courtesy. → She always behaves in a courteous manner.
8. Her hair is pretty. → She has the prettiest hair.
9. We go for a walk each day. → We go for a daily walk.
10. This land is full of magic. → This is a magical land.

B. Put the sentences into interrogative.

I hate windy days.
San Francisco is a very hilly place.
She gets a weekly payment from her parents.
I pay my rent weekly.
We enjoyed the trip to America but it was a costly holiday.
Oily fish is very healthy because it contains omega 3.

C. Teacher says a word, students say an adjective.

Enjoy, help, obey, play, talk, accident, danger, star.

Answer Key
A. A - inventive B – curious C – prolific
B. A – smelly B – chilly C – wide G. A – lifelike, lifeless B – powerful C – friendly
C. A – interesting B – amazing C – annoying H. A – costly B – warlike C – monthly
D. A – escaped, escaping B – improved, I. A – poisonous B – courteous C – mysterious
improving C – damaged, damaging J. A – athletic B – photographic C – scientific
E. A – funniest B – incorrectly C – bluest
F. A – magical B – foolish C – ladylike
 Readin g
Manga and Anime
are perhaps Japan's biggest cultural export – and they make up one
of the most recognizable art styles on the planet. Since the nineties, when everyone in the
western world was suddenly talking about Pokémon, Digimon, Yu-Gi-Oh!, and Dragon Ball Z,
anime has become something of a household term. Something completely associated with
Japan and something that has become one of the biggest cultural trends among children and
young adults ever since. Yet, the world of Japanese anime is a lot more varied and complex
than we in the west might realize. 'Anime' only in the west refers to Japanese animation as a
whole. In Japanese culture, anime is actually a term for any mass-produced animation,
Japanese or non-Japanese. And, importantly, in Japan, anime is not just culture for kids.
Rather, anime series like Neon Genesis Evangelion, Attack on Titan, Death Note, and Cowboy
Bebop were all hugely successful amongst adults too.

Indeed, many of these series were actually intended for adults – developing complex themes
and plotlines and presenting three-dimensional and realistic characters. This is the beauty of
anime. It can range from the shoujo anime shows such as the 'magical girl' series like
Cardcaptor Sakura to the poetic and haunting anime movies like Spirited Away and Princess
Mononoke.

It's an incredibly rich culture – so let's take a dive in.

1.Dive in and make up are examples of Phrasal Verbs.

Do you know what is a Phrasal Verb? Discuss about them with your classmates.

2. Discuss the meaning of the words in bold and then write a paragraph using the them as
inspiration.

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Getting the idea

1. Are you a fond of animes? How many examples can you think of?
2. Were the animes part of your life/childhood?
3. If you could meet a Japanese or Oriental celebrity, who would it be and why?
4. How much do you know about the Japanese culture?
5. Do you enjoy Japanese food?
6. Would you like to live in Japan? Why or why not?
7. What is your favorite thing about Japanese culture?
8. Do you know the meaning of the name 'Japan'?

Acting Time
Going on an exchange program to Japan with your best friend is your biggest dream!
Unofrtunately he doesn't seem to be so interested. Try to convince him/her to go with you.

Grammar point

A phrasal verb is a combination of words (a verb + a preposition or verb +adverb)

that when used together, usually take on a different meaning to that of the
original verb.

1. Ella tore up the letter after she read it.

2. Their car broke down two miles out of town.
Ex.
3. Did the manager deal with that customer’s complaint.

Explore more!
Build at least 3 phrasal verbs with the verbs below:

To get To set To make

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 Teacher's
Guide

Teacher's Guide

A. Students must repeat the sentences in unison.

1. Be sure to put on a life jacket before getting into the boat. / oxygen diving
2. We left out the trash for pickup. / old furniture
3. It’s time to get on the plane. / road
4. What will she think up next? / this time / now
5. I’m having some trouble working out the solution to this equation. / problem / issue
6. We’re going to have to put off our vacation until next year. / next month / next semester
7. Stand up when speaking in class, please. / public / front of the audience
8. We’ll have to wake up early if we want breakfast. / to get it done / take the first bus
9. Take off your shoes before you walk on the carpet. / rug / floor
10. My dog likes to break out of his kennel to chase squirrels. / cats

B. Students have to say a Phrasal Verb with the prepositions suggested and then say a
sentence.

Up / Down / Over / On / In / Out

Answer Key:
Exercise 1
look down on / get on with / hand in / put off / ran into / showing off / give in / drop in / come
across / show up / lift up / blown over / took off / get into

Exercise 2
1. Can you come up with a better idea?
2. She pointed out that the shops would
already be closed.
3. I wish I hadn’t taken on so much work!
4. I went out for dinner with my husband last
night.
5. He came into the kitchen and made some
tea.
6. Where did you grow up?
7. I’d love to set up my own business.
8. I really want to get out of this office and
go for a walk.
9. As I arrived, he came out of the door.
10. She picked up some dinner on the way
home.
 Readin g
We're all different – because of who we are, where we come from, what we believe in, and
how we live our lives. But we all have value as human beings.
And, with the right approach, our differences can improve our experience at work, and
enhance what we can achieve together.

To do this, we need to create environments in which everyone feels welcomed, fairly treated,
and fully supported to do their best. In short, it's about prioritizing mutual respect. Respect is
the foundation of humane and ethical behavior, and mutual respect underpins good
relationships. To have respect for a person involves a fundamental belief in their right to exist,
to be heard, and to have the same opportunities as everyone else.
Respect doesn't mean ignoring people's differences, or simply tolerating them. Rather, it
involves recognizing differences, understanding their significance, and responding with
interest, politeness and care.

Mutual respect is also based on a shared belief in the benefits of diversity – the variety of
backgrounds, abilities and viewpoints within your team.
But it also means looking beyond differences. With mutual respect, you avoid labeling people
in unhelpful ways. Instead, you celebrate the unique things that each of us brings – and
capitalize on all that we have in common.

1. Discuss the meaning of the

words in bold.
2. Discuss with the class the
importance of respect for
the society, personal life
and workspace.
3. Share with your classmates
movies, series or books that
has respect as main theme.

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 Priorities

How to live a healthy life? Write in order of importance and explain your choices.
Discuss your decisions with your classmates.

Exercising Contact Reading Balance & Fun & Having Affectional

with nature Spirituality Relaxation Money Contact

Grammar point

Adverbs of Frequency

What are adverbs of frequency?

Adverbs that change or qualify the meaning of a sentence by telling us how often or how
frequently something happens are defined as adverbs of frequency.
An adverb of frequency is exactly what it sounds like – an adverb of time.
Adverbs of frequency always describe how often something occurs, either in definite or
indefinite terms.
An adverb that describes definite frequency is one such as weekly, daily, or yearly. An
adverb describing indefinite frequency doesn’t specify an exact time frame; examples are
sometimes, often, and rarely.

These simple rules for adverbs of frequency will help you to use them correctly:

Always use adverbs of frequency to discuss how often something happens.

Adverbs of frequency are often used to indicate routine or repeated activities, so they are
often used with the present simple tense.

Explore more!
Share your routine with your class using some Adverbs of Frequency.

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 Teacher's
Guide

Teacher's Guide

A. Students must repeat the sentences in the negative form.

1. The incubator turns each egg hourly.

2. We take a vacation at least once annually.
3. I usually shop for groceries on Saturday mornings.
4. He is often late for work.
5. We seldom see John.
6. My dentist told me I should floss twice daily.
7. I often go to the cinema.
8. She sometimes visits me at home.
9. We usually drink coffee.
10. I go to the cinema twice a week.
11. She takes these tablets three times a day.
12. I change the sheets once a fortnight (fortnight = two weeks).
13. I meet him several times a year.
14. I visit my parents once a month.

B. Students have to say 3 questions using 'How often' and ask them to the group.
 Readin g
Speaking More Than One Language Could Prevent Alzheimer's

Scientists have found that bilingual seniors are better at skills that can fade with age than
their monolingual peers.
Not so long ago bilingualism was thought to be bad for your brain. But it looks more and
more like speaking more than one language could help save you from Alzheimer's disease.
The latest evidence from the bilingualism-is-good-for-you crew comes from Brian Gold, a
neuroscientist at the University of Kentucky College of Medicine in Lexington.
To test the idea, he had older people who grew up bilingual do an attention-switching task,
a skill that typically fades with age.
Earlier research has found that people bilingual since childhood are better at the high-order
thinking called executive function as they age.
Gold found that his bilingual seniors were better at the task, which had them quickly sorting
colors and shapes, than their monolingual peers. He then added an extra dimension by
sticking the people's heads in scanners to see what was happening inside their brains. The
brains of the monolingual seniors were working harder to complete the task, while the
bilingual seniors' brains were much more efficient, more like those of young adults.
Neuroscientists think that having more reserve brain power helps compensate for age-related
declines in thinking and memory, and may help protect against the losses caused by
Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia.

Debating Time

Do you know the definitions for these words in bold?

Make a question using each of them.
What other benefits can you think of when it comes to
learning a second language?

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Build it

Each student should make a questions using the expressions below.

1.To change your mind

2.To be out of work

3.To have a blast

Grammar point

Compound Adjectives

What are compound adjectives?

A compound adjective is formed when two or more adjectives are joined together to modify
the same noun. These terms should be hyphenated to avoid confusion or ambiguity. For
example:
1. Diana submitted a 6-page document.
2. She adopted a two-year-old cat.

Compound adjectives – Exceptions

Note that combining an adverb and an adjective does not create a compound adjective. No
hyphen is required because it is already clear that the adverb modifies the adjective rather
than the subsequent noun. For example:

1. It was a terribly hot day.

2. It is an amazingly good idea.

Active Learner!

Describe three monuments from your city, state or country using Compound Adjectives.

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 Teacher's
Guide

Teacher's Guide

A. Students must repeat the sentences in the negative form.

1. This is a four-foot table. / chair / desk

2. Daniella is a part-time worker. / employee / intern
3. This is an all-too-common error. / mistake / misunderstanding
4. Beware of the green-eyed monster. / creature / beast
5. He is a cold-blooded man. / person / human
6. I love this brightly-lit room! / living room / garden
7. He is an obedient and well-behaved dog. / cat / puppy
8. You have to be open-minded about things. / the new generations / the changes
9. Our office is in a twenty-storey building. / construction
10. I have just finished reading a 300-page book. / article / magazine
11. He is a well-known writer. / authour / musician
12. She is a well-known actress. / celebrity / professor
13. We live in a densely-populated city. / state / continent
 Benefits of
Dancing

Readin g
Benefits of dancing

Dancing is a form of expression.

Dancing can be a way to stay fit for people of all ages, shapes and sizes.
Dancing can improve your muscle tone, strength, endurance and fitness.
Dancing is a great way to meet new friends.

Health benefits of dancing

Dancing can be a way to stay fit for people of all ages, shapes
and sizes. It has a wide range of physical and mental benefits
including:
improved condition of your heart and lungs
increased muscular strength, endurance and motor fitness
increased aerobic fitness
improved muscle tone and strength
weight management
stronger bones and reduced risk of osteoporosis
better coordination, agility and flexibility
improved balance and spatial awareness
increased physical confidence
improved mental functioning
improved general and psychological wellbeing
greater self-confidence and self-esteem
better social skills.

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Benefits of
Dancing

Readin g
What comes to your mind?

When your hear about these kind of dances?

ballet hip-hop contemporary belly dance samba

1. Do you like dancing?

2. Would you like to practice any of these dances above?
3. "Dancing is a form of expression". What does that statement mean?
4. Would you like to be a professional dancer?
5. What is the importance of the dance for the culture of a place?

Grammar point
Forming comparative adjectives

As well as serving as modifying words like beautiful and big, adjectives are also used for
indicating the position on a scale of comparison. The lowest point on the scale is known as
the positive form, the middle point is known as the comparative form, and the highest
point is known as the superlative form. Here is an example:

This book is long.

This book is longer than that book.
This is the longest book.

When two objects or persons are being compared, the comparative form of the adjective is
used. The comparative adjective can be formed in two ways:
1. Adding –er to the positive form of the adjective.
2. Adding the word more before the adjective.
For example:
1. My essay is longer than yours.
2. She is more beautiful than her sister.

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Benefits of
Dancing

Readin g
Teacher's Guide

A. Students must repeat the sentences in the interrogative form.

1. This house is bigger than that one.
2. This flower is more beautiful than that.
3. He is taller than Mr. Hulas.
4. He is more intelligent than this boy.
My flat is larger than hers.
This box is smaller than the one I lost.
Your dog runs faster than Jim's dog.
The rock flew higher than the roof.
Jim and Jack are both my friends, but I like Jack better.

B. Students must compare the items below.

1 Brazil x U.S.A.
2 English x Spanish
3 Light food x Junk food
4 Paper books x digital books
5 Online classes x presential classes
6 Cold places x hot places

accomplish idiomas
 Preparing for
the future

Readin g
Every decision you make today impacts your life tomorrow

For some people, preparing for the future means planning for different stages of their lives. For others,
it means being ready to handle something unexpected. No matter what being prepared for the future
means to you, there are several steps you can take to boost your confidence that you’ll be ready.

How to Get There

Have a vision. Think about what’s important to you and where you want to end up.

Set some goals. Break your plan into attainable goals to help you make progress.

Ask for advice. Talking to a financial expert can help you build your roadmap.

One of the first and most important things to achieve your plans is
to identify what you want to accomplish

Specific Measure Attainable Realistic Time bound

State exactly what Identify how to Determine steps Make sure you When will you
is to be done measure the goal to reach the goal CAN meet the goal
do it

What Does Your Future Hold?

You don’t need a crystal ball to prepare yourself financially for the future, but it does help to have
a sense of where you’re trying to go and what you want to achieve.

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Preparing for
the future
Debating time

Discuss the following questions with your friends.

1. Where do you see yourself in ten years?

2. How do you prepare yourself for the future?
3. What do you think will change in the next 100 years?
4. What do you most want to achieve in your life?
5. How often do you think about the future?
6. What kind of innovation do you expect to see in the future?
7. In your opinion what will be the biggest global problem in the future?
8. What did the past teach you about the future?
9. What are your plans for the immediate, near and far future?

Acting Time
Your friend is always spending money and time without thinking about the future.
Try to give him/her some advice.

Grammar point
Forming comparative adjectives

Superlatives

The superlative is used to say what thing or person has the most of a particular quality
within a group or of its kind. The superlative can be formed in two ways:
1. Adding –est to the Positive form of the adjective.
2. Adding the word most before the adjective.
For example:
1. This is the most beautiful dress I have ever seen.
2. The biggest table in the room.

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Preparing for
the future
Teacher's Guide

A. Students must repeat the sentences in the negative form.

1. Danny is as smart as Phillip.

2. She is as beautiful as her older sister.
3. onathan is the most handsome man on campus.
4. This is the prettiest dress in the window.
5. I lost my most comfortable shoes.
6. My job is worse than yours.
7. My house is the largest one in our neighborhood.
8. This is the smallest box I've ever seen.
9. Your dog ran the fastest of any dog in the race.
10. We all threw our rocks at the same time. My rock flew the highest.

B. Students must answer the questions.

1. What's the most interesting country you've been to?

2. What school subject are/were you worst at?
3. What's the tallest building you've been in?
4. Who's the strangest person you've met?
5. What's the greatest problem in the world today?

accomplish idiomas
 Does sport have the power to change the world?

Sport has the power to inspire, unite people from diverse backgrounds and create
hope. It’s so much more than just a game. It can be a tool for transformation.
Countless individuals have felt the life-changing impact of organised sport. Benefits
include improved mental and emotional health, confidence, a sense of empowerment,
connection and community. Imagine if the positive change experienced by one child
could be magnified to an entire community. Do you think it’s possible? We do.

"I think sport is an invaluable tool. It provides so many benefits – improving physical
health benefits, development of social skills, fine and gross motor requirements, and
cognition. It helps us to understand and respect rules and opposition … the list goes on.

So many of the skills we acquire in sport can translate to attributes that create strong
communities.

The power of compassion, being humble in defeat as well as celebrating victory. All of
these are so important to learn. Sport teaches hard work while also being fun and
engaging. Sport has the ability to empower an individual and expose
them to incredible life lessons.
Sport really does have the power to change the world positively."

Emilly Chancellor, rugby national player

Exploring the words

1. Give a definition for each word using your own words.

2. Make a question for the group using one of these words.

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Debating time

Discuss the following questions with your friends.

1. Do you think famous athletes are too paid too much money for their work?
2. Would you practice a very extreme sport such as bungee jumping or parachuting?
3. What is the importance of practicing sports for a society?
4. What sports are you good at?
5. What do you think the top five most watched sports are in the world?
6. Which sport would you not let your child play? Why?
7. How are sports beneficial to you?
8. Are you a good soccer player? Basketball player? Baseball player?

Expressions

Say the sentences changing the expressions in brackets.

Example: He took me by surprise in that situation. (throw a curve ball)
He threw me a curve ball in that situation.

1. The teacher discussed all the relevant topics from the final test. (covered all the bases)

2. She has won four championships back to back. (in a row)

3. They are very likely to win tonight's game. (stand a chance)

4. Athletes must keep the momentum going during the match. (keep the energy)

5. We need a focused and driven person to get it done. (go-to person).

6. He was a prominent competitor in the championship. (highlight).

7. After her maternity leave she is back to work. (back in the game).

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 Teacher's Guide

A. Students must repeat the sentences replacing the words in brackets.

1. The player got seriously hurt during the match. (injured)
2. We didn't mean to hurt you. (mean you no harm)
3. The roofs were torn away by the strong winds. (damaged)
4. Who calls the shots here? (rules the roost)
5. They have little time but they still have a chance to win. (stand a chance).

Students must answer the questions.

1. Did your high school have a good baseball team?

2. Do you ever listen to baseball games on the radio?
3. Do you jog more than once a week?
4. Do you like to exercise?
5. Do you like playing dodgeball?
6. Do you like to watch sports on TV?
7. Do you like watching car races?
8. Do you like wrestling?
9. Do you think athletes earn enough money, not enough money or too much money?
10. Do you think everybody should practice sports?
11. Do you think playing sports helps people work better as a team at work?
12. Do you think that parents are too involved in their children's sports activities?
13. Have you ever been to a soccer game? An America football game? A baseball game?
14. Have you ever been to watch a professional sporting event?