1) Survey:

A survey gathers data from a sample of respondents.

Applicability in the industry:

In medical and safety contexts, health practitioners employ survey research to
acquire patient data. It gathers primary and secondary data on medical problems
and illness risk factors.

Regular health surveys help you track the health of your people, whether in the
workplace, school, or community. This data can prevent outbreaks and reduce
medical problems.

Practical Usability in day to day work:

I have considered group trip as an example here. So, it’s all about how we plan our
group trip with friends.

At first we can do is to figure out-

 Who is coming?
 When are they free?
 Will they bring anyone else?
 How will they get there?
 What’s their budget for the trip?
 What do they want to do?
 What do they not want to do?
 Do they have health restrictions or diet restrictions?
 When are they leaving?

How we can to do it: send a survey asking all of the questions above, with different
question types to help respondents answer in the most convenient way. Here’s a
sample, with the type of questions-

1. List anyone else that we plan to bring (blank text box)

2. Which dates work for us? Choose all that apply. (Checkboxes, with different
date ranges for each option)
3. How to get there? (Multiple choice with flying, driving, train as options)
 4. Which activities to be included? Choose all the one we are interested in.
(Checkboxes)
5. Where would we like to stay? (multiple choice including hotel, rental, or
hostel options)
6. What’s our ideal budget range for the trip? (multiple choice with options
ranging from just below realistic up to extravagant.

The above concept which helped me to improve my operational

efficiency, innovativeness or critical analysis of the subjects:
This concept taught me how to obtain specific information. We can collect real-
time info via polls, questionnaires, quizzes, open-ended questions, and multiple-
choice.

A well-designed survey can collect data from any size audience. Internet allows us
to send queries anywhere in the globe. Send them a link to our information-
gathering page. This process can be automated, improving customer onboarding
efficiency.

2) Observational Studies:
An observational study draws inferences from a sample to a population when the
independent variable is out of the researcher's control.
Applicability in the industry:

In-store observation may be the oldest form of observation. We can do it at our

own or competitors' stores. In what time period do people enter the store? Are they
drawn to the window display or already planning to enter? How do they orient
themselves? Where do they first look? What do they pick up, how long do they
examine the box, and what do they buy, if anything? Who buys and why?

Human observation (mystery shoppers or our own workers), mechanical

observation (video cameras, computerised checkout scanners, etc.), or
observational research instruments like footfall counters or frequent shopper cards
can provide answers.
Some businesses combine observational and traditional market research with
"shop-alongs." The researcher follows the consumer around the store, and the
consumer discusses their purchasing behaviour in-store or afterward.

Practical Usability in day to day work:

I've examined the following example -

Observing a child or group of children throughout elementary school. Here, we're

researching a person or group over time with the aim that close examination can
eventually be generalised to other persons or groups.

The above concept which helped me to improve my operational

efficiency, innovativeness or critical analysis of the subjects:
Observational studies helped me study tough problems quickly and cheaply. I can
examine people that cannot be randomised safely, efficiently, or ethically. We only
watch participant behaviour or use existent data.

3) Experiments:
Experimental research follows a scientific design. Experimental study data
collection methods are the approaches to acquire data.
Applicability in the industry:

Experimentation is a key aspect of developing a new product for the market.

Researchers may utilise experimental approaches to develop many prototypes and
test their performance and capabilities when designing a product.

Companies may also do market testing with multiple product designs. By letting
sample groups experience several product designs, a researcher can analyse which
option appeals most to prospective buyers to help the company meet the market.

Practical Usability in day to day work:

Exams after semester end - During the semester, we are lectured on courses and
given a final test. In this scenario, we students are the dependent variables, while
the lecturers are independent variables.
Only one group of well selected subjects is considered in this pre-experimental
study design sample. We'll also observe that tests aren't given at the start of the
semester. Making it easy to conclude it's a one-time case study investigation.

The above concept which helped me to improve my operational

efficiency, innovativeness or critical analysis of the subjects:
When conducting experiments, there are a number of rules and regulations that
must be adhered to. Better results can be accomplished if these two are in place.
The experiments can be repeated and the results rechecked with this type of
research. Boosting one's self-esteem is also a benefit of improved results.

4) Measurement:
To measure something, one must observe and document the results of the research
being conducted. Nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio are the four fundamental
units of measurement.
Applicability in the industry:

In marketing research, respondents' feelings, attitudes, views, and evaluations are

measured. Researchers in marketing have invented scales. These have special
qualities. Both have quite different measuring properties. Some scales have
restricted mathematical features and can only associate variables. Other scales
offer more detailed mathematical features and allow for cause-and-effect
interactions between variables.

Practical Usability in day to day work:

Often, it is more convenient to ask users to select a category rather than provide
precise information, such as their age, income, education, or other demographic
data. Greater-level data (interval or ratio) and a higher questionnaire completion
rate are trade-offs (less missing data). In some cases, it may be easier to count the
number of suspended kids than to count the number of incidents of school
violence.

The above concept which helped me to improve my operational

efficiency, innovativeness or critical analysis of the subjects:
We must first comprehend the basics of measuring. Here are two major
measurement principles. In Levels of Measurement, we define nominal, ordinal,
interval, and ratio. Next, cover measurement reliability, including true score
theory and reliability estimators.
Second, we must grasp the social research metrics we can apply. Four
measurement categories are considered. Designing and using interviews and
questionnaires are part of survey research. Scaling entails considering how to build
and implement a scale. Qualitative research covers non-numerical measurement
methodologies. And unobtrusive measurements provide measurement approaches
that don't interfere with the investigation.

5) Qualitative Research:
Qualitative research uses methodologies like participant observation or case studies
to describe a place or activity.
Applicability in the industry:

Qualitative market research examines customers' actions, views, aspirations, and

expectations. Qualitative market research helps companies enhance their strategies
and products. In a commercial market, qualitative research may try to understand
shoppers' motives, such as what they think of a product and why. Qualitative
research uses small samples to conduct in-depth subject studies.

Practical Usability in day to day work:

Qualitative research helps to understand:

• the experience of having a long-term claim;

• why things exist as they do, e.g. helps us to understand the events leading to
long-term claims;

• the effectiveness of interventions that aim to change what exists; e.g. helps us to
understand the quality of any programmes put in place to reduce long-term claims;
and
• generate suggestions for ways to improve things, or for potential areas of new
research; e.g. help us understand strategies for supporting workers on long-term
claims and helping people avoid them to begin with.

The above concept which helped me to improve my operational

efficiency, innovativeness or critical analysis of the subjects:
It is possible to collect qualitative data about the shifting attitudes of a certain
target audience, such as the customers of a product or service or employees in the
workplace. Qualitative data can be just as useful as quantitative data to provide
context and perhaps disclose something that numbers alone cannot.
Researchers can easily adjust questions, the setting, or any other variable to
improve responses if important insights are not being collected. It is possible for
researchers to be more speculative in the regions they choose to examine and the
methods they use using qualitative data.