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Verification of cavitation models in ANSYS Fluent

Conference Paper · July 2016

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Agnieszka Niedzwiedzka Wojciech Sobieski

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Verification of cavitation models in ANSYS Fluent

Agnieszka Niedźwiedzka, Wojciech Sobieski
University of Warmia and Mazury in Poland, Faculty of Technical Sciences, 10-957 Olsztyn, Poland
agnieszka.niedzwiedzka@uwm.edu.pl

Keywords: Fluent, cavitation model, UDF

The first step before starting of any research work is making sure about the chosen method. In analytical calculations it seems
to be simple. First of all, the derivation of formulas and correctness of the sources, which are used to draw data, should be checked.
In the case of numerical simulations, the control of the used methods and tools is definitely more difficult. Typically, soft wares
do not provide possibilities of access to the data entry method. Ansys Fluent gives users information about applied methods and
tools, but it is impossible to check, that the proposed solution way is a properly application of the presented theories. Fortunately,
Ansys Fluent gives users a possibility to interfere in the process of solution setups and methods in form of user defined functions
(UDF). In cavitation modelling, through UDFs can be described the mass transfer rate between liquid and vapor phases. It allows
to compare solutions achieved in two ways: using cavitation models direct from the interface or implemented through an UDF.
The aim of the work is to compare the results of simulation of cavitating flow based on the tutorial example [1], made using models
from the interface and their implemented equivalents. The motivation is luck of a such work in the literature.
In ANSYS Fluent is possible to apply from the interface three the most popular cavitation models: Schnerr and Sauer model
[2], Singhal et al. model [3] and Zwart et al. model [4]. The source terms of the above mentioned models (for condensation –
increase of liquid mass ( m& + ), when the local fluid pressure increases above the saturated liquid pressure and evaporation –
decrease of liquid mass ( m& - ), when the local fluid pressure drops below the saturated liquid pressure) are collected in the Table
1.

Table 1. Source terms of the models.

Schnerr and Sauer model Singhal et al. model Zwart et al. model
r v rl 3 2 ( p - psat ) k 2 ( p - psat ) 3a v rv 2 ( p - psat )
m& + a v (1 - a v ) Cp rl rl fv Cp
rm R 3 rl s 3 rl R 3 rl
r v rl 3 2 ( psat - p ) k 2 ( psat - p ) 3rv (1 - a v )a nuc 2 ( psat - p )
m& - -
rm
a v (1 - a v )
R 3 rl
- Cd
s
rl r v
3 rl
(1 - fv - f g ) - Cd
R 3 rl

References:
[1] Ansys Fluent 12.0 Tutorial guide, 2009.
[2] Schnerr G. H., Sauer J.: Physical and numerical modeling of unsteady cavitation dynamics. In: Proceedings of the Fourth
International Conference on Multiphase Flow (ICMF’01), New Orleans, USA, 2001.
[3] Singhal A. K., Athavale M. M., Li H., Jiang Y.: Mathematical basis and validation of the full cavitation model. Journal of
Fluids Engineering 124, 617-624, 2002.
[4] Zwart P. J., Gerber G., Belamri T.: A two-phase flow model for prediction cavitation dynamics. In: Proceedings of the Fifth
International Conference on Multiphase Flow (ICMF 2004), Yokohama, Japan, 2004.

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