PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY

Alaminos City Campus

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Alaminos City, Pangasinan

Raymart E. Osia
BEED I-A

Theme The Teaching of Social Studies in Primary Grades

Topic SG 4: Unit 4. Teaching and Learning Continuum in Social Studies

Overview In 2002, Department of Education of the Philippines organized basic

curriculum education wherein the subject of Makabayan which basically related to
Social Studies was included. According to them, the subject of Makabayan or Araling
Panlipunan aims to have a learner that has healthy personal and national identity.
(Reyes, N. et. al, 2019)
The Social Studies curriculum over the past one decade has changed
drastically both in content and methodology. The recognition of culture, differences of
various ethnic groups has directly influenced the content and approaches to Social
Studies. The nature of Social Studies is that it is a study where the nature of man is
its major central focus of attention. Social Studies therefore organizes its content
around relevant knowledge, values and skills that constitute the wide sphere of man.
(Global and International Education in Social Studies, 2016)
The subject has also been seen as a prime discipline adopted to socialize our
young and function as a means of promoting progress towards the major social
education goals that have been identified for emphasis, civic duties or development
of citizen participation skills, acquisition of desirable attitudes and values, and
disciplined life.

It is therefore obvious that Social Studies is by its very nature a dynamic

discipline which is wide and cannot be expected to have distinct boundaries. The
scope certainly covers both immediate and distant environment in content and
methodology.

Understanding social studies is important both to the teachers and student for
meaningful Social Studies instruction. The subject is increasingly vital in helping to
create individuals who are active dynamic participants in our society. This view of
Social Studies makes students become conscious of the underlying forces that make
up its elements and other related phenomena. There is therefore the need to select
appropriate strategies that will facilitate all round development in the cognitive,
affective and psychomotor domains of the students. It is obvious that no single
method of learning can adequately fit all learning situation. However, there is no best
method of teaching Social Studies but combination of the other method would
definitely help in achieving the desired instructional objectives. Some methods of
 teaching Social Studies include, stimulation, laboratory, inquiry, project,
dramatizations, questions and answer, field-trips, discussion, lecture, problem-
solving, dramatization, home assignment and construction methods. (Sivakumar,
2018)

Learning can be less tedious and more functional, if efforts are made to identify
and make extensive use of available instructional, resources both material and
human. The selection and decision on appropriate resources should be based on the
students’ age, ability and interest. The wide range of resources include textbooks,
newspapers, pictures and charts, maps, models, audio-visual devices, chalkboard.
When the school instructional material is available, they must be well organized and
administered for effective use.

The Social Studies teacher needs to acquire competence in his approaches to

the teaching of Social Studies. The teaching and learning processes involve some
methods and means of enhancing meaningful learning through the use of
instructional resources.

Target/ At the end of the presentation the students will be able to:
Objectives 1. Have further knowledge and understanding regarding the subject of Social
Studies.
2. Determined the significance of teaching and learning Social Studies.
3. Identified the instructional resources used in teaching AP in Primary Level.
4. Differentiate approach, techniques, methods and strategies used by the educators
in teaching Social Studies.
Content Topic
Outline Introduction
Conclusion
Abstract

4.1 Definition of Approach, Strategy and Technique

I. Teaching Approach
a) Teacher-Centered Approach
b) Learner-Centered Approach
c) Teacher Dominated Approach
d) Interactive Approach
e) Constructivist Approach
f) Banking Approach
g) Individualistic Approach
h) Collaborative Approach
II. Teaching Strategy
a) Metacognitive Strategies
b) Cognitive Strategies
 c) Socio-affective Strategies
III. Teaching Technique
a) Inquiry Technique
b) Project Method
c) Demonstrations Technique
d) Question and Answer Method
e) Field-Trips Technique
f) Discussion Method
g) Problem Solving Technique

Differentiate the approach, strategy and technique

4.2 Approaches and Methods in Teaching AP in the Primary

Grades
Purpose of Social Studies in Primary in Grades
1. Approaches in Teaching Social Studies
a.) Problem Based-Learning
b.) Spiral Approach
c.) Conceptual Approach
d.) Cause and Effect Approach

2. Methods in Teaching Social Studies

a.) Simulation Method

b.) Laboratory Method

c.) Inquiry Method

d.) Project Method

e.) Demonstrations Method

f.) Question and Answer Method

g.) Field-Trips Method

h.) Discussion Method

i.) Lecture Method

j.) Problem-solving Method

k.) Dramatization Method

l.) Home Assignment Method

Target 1. Discuss the importance of learning and teaching social studies.

Activities
2. Identify the mere purpose of teaching AP in Primary Grade
 3. List the instructional resources used by the teachers in teaching AP.

4. Cite some examples of approach, technique, method and strategy in teaching

social studies.

Target 1. Definition of Social Studies (According to Reyes, N. et. al, 2019)

Deliverable
s 2. The Significance of Social Studies in Education

3. The purpose of Social Studies in Primary Grades

4. Different instructional resources in teaching AP

5. Approaches and methods in teaching AP in primary grades

Assessment I. Concept Map

In a concept map provided below. Write your own understanding about social studies

Social Studies

1. Study of people's interactions with one another and with their surroundings
2. History
3. Culture
4. Geography
5. Social Issues
6. Community
7. Economic Education
II. In the box provided below. Write your own understanding about the purpose and
significant of Social Studies in Primary Level

Answer here

The significance of social studies in primary level is to assist young children in

making well-informed and reasoned decisions for the common good as citizens
of a culturally varied, democratic society living in an interdependent world.
Young children can use social studies curriculum to explain interactions with
others, institutions, and the environment, as well as gain knowledge and
comprehension of the past.

III. Imagine that you are already an educator. List down at least five (5) instructional
resources you would utilize to teach social studies in primary grades. Explain briefly.

Instructional Resources Explanation

1. Pictures I'll show them pictures so they can see

what happened in the past and
comprehend how quickly the world
changed.

2. Cartoons I can utilize cartoons to easily capture

their attention, and I'll find cartoons
that are related to social studies so
that students may relate to it and gain
comprehension.

3. Computers Since we live in the present period, I

can utilize computers to do research
on a particular social studies topic,
and we can all learn new things by
watching films and looking at
 photographs.

4. Textbook I can use the textbook and this as

instructional material, which will make
things easier for us because we all
use textbooks in elementary school,
and we can study social studies with
it.

5. Charts and Map Charts can be used in any subject, but

they are most typically used to display
historical concepts and data, therefore
it's important to me that students learn
how to analyze them. I believe that if
we show them charts and maps, they
will be more engaged in the lesson.

IV. Venn Diagram By the means of Venn Diagram differentiate approach, strategy
and technique. Below of it discuss how these pedagogies help educators in teaching
Social Studies.

Approach Strategy

Technique
Type/write your answers here instead.

Difference of the 3 with each other(Specify)

1. Approach – One’s view point toward teaching

2. Techniques can be characterized as a system of materials, gadgets, instruments,

and educational attitudes that work together.

3. Strategy instruction is a method of instructing students on how to learn the

 knowledge or skills they require.

Similarities of the 3 with each other (in general)

1. They are all strategies that a teacher can employ, and they will assist teachers in
figuring out how to implement them in their classroom so that their students can learn
from them.

Similiraties of Approach and Strategy

1.In terms of how they plan and execute something, approach and strategy are the
same. Approach is the learning process is referred to as the learning strategy. Goal-
setting planning is frequently a need of strategy.

Similarities of Strategy and Technique

1.Things you think about, decisions you make, and ideas you contemplate are all
instances of tactics. Techniques are acts you perform to improve yourself. As a
result, they are linked and will be determined by actions.

Similarities of Technique and Approach

1.

Doliente, J. (N.D.). Principles of Teaching: Different Methods and Approaches.

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