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RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY


(Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum)
Bangalore-560054

AICTE Activity Points Project Report


on

A Descriptive study on behavioral and emotion


problems in orphans
And
Improving health condition of rural people by
spreading awareness about covid in rural hospital
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement
for the award of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Submitted by

R KARAN BEESHM(1MS18ME130)

Under the guidance of


Dr. Vishwas D. K.
Assistant professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Ramaiah Institute of technology, Bangalore

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING


RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, BANGALORE-560054
2021

Department of Mechanical Engineering, RIT, Bangalore


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RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY


(Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum)
Bangalore-560 054

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the AICTE Activity Points Project work entitled “A Descriptive
study on behavioral and emotion problems in orphans, and Improving health
condition of rural people by spreading awareness about covid in rural hospital ”
is a bonafide work carried out by student R Karan beeshm (1MS18ME130) in
partial fulfilment of the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Engineering in
Mechanical Engineering during the year 2021. It is certified that all
corrections/suggestions indicated for continuous internal assessment have been
incorporated in the report submitted to the department. To the best of our knowledge,
this report does not contain any work which has been previously carried out by others
and the report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect
of AICTE Activity Points Project work prescribed for the Bachelor of Engineering
Degree.

Dr. Vishwas D. K. Dr. Raji George Dr. N V R


Naidu
Guide Head of the Department Principal, RIT

Signature of External Examiners:


Name Signature
1________________________ _______________________
2________________________ _______________________
Department of Mechanical Engineering, RIT, Bangalore
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RAMAIAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY


(Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum)
Bangalore-560 054

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DECLARATION

I, Mr. R Karan beeshm bearing the USN 1MS18ME130, student of 7th


semester B.E. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of
Technology, Bengaluru hereby declare that the entire work embodied in
this AICTE activity project entitled “A Descriptive study on behavioral
and emotion problems in orphans, and Improving health condition of
rural people by spreading awareness about covid in rural hospital”
has been independently carried out by me under the supervision of
internal guide Dr. Vishwas D. K. ,​ Assistant Professor, Department of
Mechanical Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore
in​ partial fulfillment of the requirement of the Bachelor​ of Degree
in​ Mechanical​ Engineering. I​ further declare that the report has
not been submitted either in part or in full to any other university for the
award of any Degree.

Date: Mr. R Karan


Beeshm
Place: Bengaluru 1MS18ME130

Department of Mechanical Engineering, RIT, Bangalore


4 AICTE Activity 2021-2022

CONTENTS

ABSTRACT................................................................................................................... 2
1. NECESSITY OF THE AICTE ACTIVITY POINTS................................................ 3
2. BREAKUP OF THE ACTIVITY...............................................................................6
3. PERMISSION LETTER.............................................................................................7
4. INTRODUCTION TO A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON BEHAVIORAL AND
EMOTION PROBLEMS IN ORPHANS ..................................................................8
5. BENEFITS OF VISITING ORPHANAGE............................................................. 10
6. ABOUT PREETHI NILAYA (SNEHALAYA) CHILDREN ORPHANAGE........12
7. OUTCOME ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITY....................................................... 13
8. EXPERINCE............................................................................................................ 14
9. CONCLUSION OF A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON BEHAVIORAL AND
EMOTION PROBLEMS IN ORPHANS.................................................................16
10.INTRODUCTION TO IMPROVING HEALTH CONDITION OF RURAL
PEOPLE BY SPREADING AWARENESS ABOUT COVID IN RURAL
HOSPITAL............................................................................................................... 18
11. BENEFITS OF GETTING VACCINE.................................................................. 19
12. CONCLUSION OF IMPROVING HEALTH CONDITION OF RURAL PEOPLE
BY SPREADING AWARENESS ABOUT COVID IN RURAL HOSPITAL..... 21
13. ABOUT SNEHALAYA HOSPITAL SOLUR.......................................................23
14. CERTIFICATIONS................................................................................................25

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Abstract
A Descriptive study on behavioral and emotion problems in orphans,

Orphans and the other vulnerable children and adolescents (OVCA) living in
institutional homes are more prone to behavioral and emotional problems than others
as they are deprived of a family's love and care. There is a dearth of studies focusing
on the psychological health of these children in India. Hence, we have conducted a
cross-sectional descriptive study to explore the behavioral and emotional problems in
these institutionalized children.

Improving health condition of rural people by spreading awareness about covid in


rural hospital

Measurement of the population's general knowledge of the corona virus


vaccine is very important to improve public acceptance and decrease vaccine
hesitancy in confronting the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge,
attitude, and practices of the participants towards the corona virus vaccine.

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1.Necessity of the AICTE activity points

AICTE Council has mandated all the 4 year Technical Degree Enrolled
students to Earn 100/75/50/25 Activity Points as per the Instructions.

Today, India has seen the enormous development in Urban Infrastructure.


Except the pollution and increased expenses for lifestyle, the Urban India has all basic
infrastructures such as Education, Health, Transport, Employment, Food and Special
Services at the reachable levels.

At the same time, Rural India has not seen any development in the
accessibility of the basic infrastructures. They have to travel long distance to access
even a small basic infrastructure. Though pollution and expenses for life style is very
less in Rural Areas, people are migrating to the Urban areas as they need Basic
Infrastructures than the other facilities available in Rural India.

As per the experts, if at all Urban India has seen enormous development it is
due to the

 Engineering Solutions
 Engineering Implementations
 Engineering Employments

Though engineering contribution is more in the development there are other


segments that contributed to the sustainable Urban Infrastructure such as,

 Health
 Education
 Transport
 Dwelling Places
 Government Policies

In comparison, Engineering Solution is seen in less than 10% in the following


segments of Rural India:

 Rural Development

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 Agriculture
 Animal Husbandry
 Agriculture Marketing
 Rural Employment
 Promoting Local Tourism
 Women Empowerment
 Reducing Malnutrition
 Solid Waste Management

If an Engineer can bring automation to the non living environment in urban areas,
he can bring such solutions to the unexplored segments. Experts say, the Engineering
Solution occupies 50% in the development of any segment. If we look back from
1970’s, Engineers has not contributed much to the Rural Development. After Rajiv
Gandhi’s scheme of introducing computer in India, people started learning
Engineering but concentrated much on Urban Solutions. The probable reasons are:

 Lack of Revenue in Rural India


 Unorganized Rural India
 Failure to foresee the potential of Rural India
 Failure to reach Engineering Solution due to more illiterates in Rural India

As a result, today India has given better scientists and entrepreneurs to the
world. Today at least one CEO of top 10 companies in world is from India. But India
itself is struggling to solve the social problems. People interested to solve Rural
Problems are:

 Lacking the technology knowledge


 Lacking the Implementation Strategy
 Lacking the introduction of Sustainability to the Projects
 Lacking the public involvement
 Lacking the professionalism in the projects

People with expertise in above segments are not interested to solve Rural
Problems as:

 They prefer commercialization than Service

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 Implementation has to start from elementary stage


 Lack of Public support in Rural Areas
 Lack of Infrastructures in Rural Areas
 Decreasing population in Rural Areas
 Unorganized segments are seen in Rural Areas

Hence AICTE, a Technical Education Monitoring Council has come up with a


plan of AICTE Activity Points that needs

 Identifying the Problem in Indian Society particularly in Rural India


 Explore the available Solution for the Problems
 Analyse the effectiveness of such solutions in the practical India
 Identify the reasons for the failure of solution
 Propose an engineering solution to such problem
 Conduct activities regarding such solutions if the project is considered for 80
hours
 If same project is considered for more than 300 Hours, a prototype of such
solution has to be implemented

This is a motivational concept by AICTE to bring Social Innovation in


Engineers at their education level to

 Address the Social Challenges of India


 Propose a practical solution to such challenges
 Bring more Social Innovations and Research
 Blend the available technology for effective solutions

AICTE Activity Points is very essential in shaping India for the sustainable life style

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2.BREAKUP OF THE ACTIVITY

Following is the summary

A Descriptive study on behavioral and


emotion problems in orphans, and
Project Title: Improving health condition of rural
people by spreading awareness about
covid in rural hospital
Total Hours of Involvement: 80 Hours
Total Activity Point Earned by this
20 Points
Project:
24-27 November Planning of the activity
28 November Asking for permission
29 November Execution of the activity
30 November- 2 December Analysis of the activity

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3.Permission letter

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4.Introduction A Descriptive study on behavioral and emotion


problems in orphans
Children and adolescents have always been an important focus of study for
mental health researchers. Studies have highlighted emotional problems such as
depression, anxiety, and difficulties in social interaction as well as behavioral
problems such as hyperactivity and conduct problems in them

Among the children too, some groups are more at risk of developing these
psychological problems than the others. Children and adolescents who are orphans,
runaways, or abandoned by families and bring reared in institutional homes form one
such vulnerable group according to the Integrated Child Protection Scheme, India.
Review of literature shows the prevalence of behavioral and emotional problems
among orphans and other vulnerable children to be from 18.3% to 64.53%, while in
normal community samples, it was reported to be between 8.7% and 18.7%.
Studies have also shown that the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems
among children and adolescents brought up in institutional homes is higher as
compared with similarly aged youngsters brought up by their own families.
A study done by Rahman et al. found a high prevalence of 40.35% of behavioral and
emotional disorders among orphan children and adolescents in institutional care.[4] In
another study by El Koumi et al. in Cairo, the prevalence of behavioral disturbances
was 64.53% among those in institutional homes.

Emotional and behavioral problems are more among orphans and other
vulnerable children because they are exposed to abuse, exploitation, neglect, lack of
love and care of parents. They are also more likely to be emotionally needy, insecure,
and poor. In addition to these factors, most of them are brought up in institutional
homes where individual care is inadequate. All these factors can socially and
emotionally impair these children.

This highly vulnerable group of children and adolescents is thus more likely to
have multiple psychological problems. A study in Karachi, Pakistan, on various types
of behavioral problems in SOS or other conventional orphanages found that 9% of

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children had emotional problems, 50% conduct problems, 13% hyperactivity, 84%
peer problems, and 47% problems in prosocial behavior.

In India, along with the growing total population of the country, the number of
orphan and abandoned children is also increasing. According to the UNICEF 2012,
there are more than 25 million orphan or abandoned and about 44 million destitute
children in India. Very few studies have been done on the psychological health of
these children and adolescents leaving a yawning gap for further research in this
regard in India.

Among the few studies done, Shanthi and Jeryda Gnanajane Eljo in
Tiruchirappalli found the prevalence of behavioral and emotional problems to be 56%
among institutionalized street children.

In Mangalore, a study done by Sujatha and Jacob found that among orphan
adolescents, 7.5% were at risk for hyperactivity disorder, 37.5% were at risk for peer
problems, and 12.5% had severe peer problems. Abnormal prosocial behavior was
found in 5%, while 22.5% were at risk for prosocial behavior.

Emotional and behavioral problems influence the child's overall development,


specifically academic and social outcome as adults. Hence, there is a need to assess
and identify mental health problems in these institutionalized children so that suitable
intervention measures can be designed for them at the right time. Given the paucity of
studies in this regard in India, we have conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study
to fill the information and knowledge gap about the extent and types of emotional and
behavioral problems found in orphans and other vulnerable children adolescents
(OVCA) living in institutional homes.

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5.Benefits of visiting orphanage

Learn and develop new skills


Volunteering will help you grow your skill set by making you step outside of
your normal routine and try something different. When you invest your time in trying
new and interesting experiences regularly, you can discover new hobbies, interests
and passions you had not considered before. Volunteering often includes volunteer
training, providing you with the opportunity to learn a new skill whilst giving back to
your local community and communities in need around the world.

Becoming part of the community


Keeping regular contact with other people is a great way of feeling like you
are part of something bigger. By becoming an active member of your local
community, however you choose to do so, you boost the feelings of belonging and
improve your sense of self. Joining a group of volunteers can open your mind to other
ways of life, provide a greater understanding of society and defend against the
commonly felt sense of detachment that many people suffer in modern life. If you are
new to an area, volunteering is a great way to meet new people in your community.
It’s also an opportunity to uncover new and interesting things about the region that
you may have never found out on your own.

Make friends!
Many of our volunteers say that they have met some of their best friends
through volunteering experiences. Volunteering is a fantastic way of meeting people
that share a similar outlook to you on life, hold similar interests and have a shared
willingness to improve the world around them. People from all backgrounds and
walks of life are brought together through volunteering, providing an interesting way
to develop interpersonal skills while expanding your social network and living a more
fulfilling life. You can also strengthen relationships with your friends and family by
inviting them to join you in a shared volunteering activity, whether it’s a local cause
or an international initiative.

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Gain in confidence
Volunteering offers an opportunity to improve your self-confidence through
access to learning and self-growth. Discovering hidden talents and new capabilities
creates a great sense of accomplishment and satisfaction, boosting your self-esteem.
Not only will you see an improvement in self through volunteering but your
confidence will carry over to other areas of your life and potentially open up new
opportunities both personally and professionally.

Stay physically healthy


Getting active and keeping fit is key to living your best life but finding the
motivation to exercise can be difficult. Volunteering covers a huge variety of tasks
from the physically demanding to the relaxed and fun, all of which can offer fantastic
benefits to your physical health. Increasing your activity levels and moving around
more has been proven to improve life expectancy and even reduce the risk of heart
disease. Specifically, older volunteers have been shown to have a lower mortality rate
and are less likely to experience high blood pressure compared to those that didn’t
volunteer.

Improve your mental health


Volunteering benefits our mental health too. Everything mentioned above,
from encouraging physical activity to building relationships with others, has a proven
positive effect on our mental and emotional health. We, as humans, are naturally
inclined to want to help others and fulfilling this need can help us to feel happier.

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6.About preethi nilaya (Snehalaya) children orphanage

About 18 kms from Nelamangala, off the Bangalore-Mangalore Highway is


the small town of Solur. Here, run by the Sisters of Charity of the Saints B. Capitano
and V. Gerosa congregation is the Snehalaya Hospital
Whcih was Started as Snehalaya sociomedical relief center, here Multiple community
programs particularly targeting women and children have been running for the past
three decades. And one such important program which was initiated 12 years ago was
preethi nilaya children orphanage

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7.Outcome analysis of the activity

Children raised in residential homes experience delays in terms of IQ, language,


speech and vocabulary

A baby’s brain can form more than 1 million new connections every single
second- a paced never repeated again. Every moments matter, which is why the right
food, stimulation and care are essential to the baby’s brain development in the first
1,000 days of life. Those connections are made through stimulation, interaction with
an adult who can give them loving and individualized care and protection. Without
contact with trusted adults, without early exposure to all the different sights and
sounds that caring parents offer to soothe or engage their babies, children brains fail
to develop in the way that they should.

Babies growing up in residential care facility suffer extreme emotional neglect


and sometime physical and sexual abuse. In reaction, they produce high levels of the
stress hormone cortisol that damages the architecture of their brains at a crucial stage
in their development. The younger the child enters an orphanage, the more profound
the damage to the child’s developing brain. As a consequence, these children
experience delays in terms of IQ, language, speech and vocabulary.They also
experience delays in physical growth – including height, weight and head
circumference.

The negative consequences of institutionalization are not limited to children


under 3-year. As children grows in residential care facility, we found that they
experience higher levels of apathy, restlessness, disobedience, hyperactivity, anxiety,
depression, attention-seeking, sleep disorders, eating disorders and stereotypical
behaviours (e.g. rocking, head banging, self-harming) and lower levels of social
maturity, attentiveness, concentration and communication. In other words, they
become unprepared for a life outside of the institution. Despite the best efforts of
some residential care homes, life skills necessary for successful, independent living
are more difficult to learn in this type of living situation. Too many times, those

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children are more likely to be unemployed, enter in prostitution, get a criminal record
or be a victim of trafficking. Last but not least, children from orphanages are far more
likely to have their children placed in orphanages– thus perpetuating the cycle.

8.EXPERINCE

A visit to an Orphanage is a life-changing experience as it is filled with


emotions and sentiments. We were lucky to get an opportunity to visit an Orphanage
on November 30, 2021. There were around 20 children with 4 care-takers and a
woman in charge.
It was a two-storey building with a terrace. The walls of the home were old
and the paint had worn off. It looked like the house was without maintenance for
years. There was a common hall. There were mattresses pilled up and small red and
yellow color lockers. There were few bunk beds too.
Most of the children were watching TV when we entered. Few boys were having
breakfast and many boys were out for studies. The age group of the children were

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ranging from 1 years to 9 years. When we entered, most of the children started
staring at us.
We had brought food, cold drinks, books, chocolates, pens, etc. with us. We
segregated ourselves and went to talk individually to everyone. Many of us started
playing indoor games with the children, while many choose to play outdoor games.
After interacting with children, we found out that everyone had been to Magic Show a
day before our visit. Everyone were so active and happy there. Elder children were
informing us about the rules and regulation that everyone in the shelter is supposed to
follow. Like no one can leave the Shelter without permission, no one can click a
close-up pic of the children, etc.
After visiting the orphanage you start appreciating the little things in life when you
see people who don’t have them. Only at such times do you tide over the insignificant
and immaterial things and appreciate the bigger picture.
I feel extremely fortunate that I HAVE MY PARENTS WITH ME, THESE LITTLE
ANGELS DON’T.

Tell them they are in some safe place to be taken care of and be grateful for
that. Ask them to take initiative in life to succeed and become great personalities
where they can help people. Quote stories that really means and make them remember
it. Tell them to be happy Good human being and kind to people around. Tell them
story that will make them happy. Like story of laughing Buddha.

Make them realise what world is about.. like they might think its only them
god has put through things. Tell them it's not. Everyone's life is full of ups and downs
and has to go through it. If can, quote your rough patch of life. On the whole tell them
something to entertain and remember for their life to reach heights. because we have
lots of people to donate but very few to help them in words. When your the one do it
as best as you can.!

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9.Conclusion of A Descriptive study on behavioral and emotion


problems in orphans
we found a prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems to be mediocre in
institutionalized orphans. We also found that conduct problems are the most common
in this group followed by peer problems and emotional problems. Hyperactivity and
low prosocial behaviors were less common. Being an adolescent, a boy, being
abandoned, or having a shorter duration of stay in the institutional home increased the
risk of having psychology.

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10.Introduction

The hesitation towards vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccine remains a


problem worldwide. Lack of clinical trials for the vaccine, fear of vaccine side effects,
and rumors of the presence of active viruses in vaccines are some leading obstacles
that obstruct the success of the COVID-19 vaccine campaign. Vaccine hesitancy is a
major obstacle in the face of the COVID-19 vaccination programs.

As the lockdown is not possible in India because it disrupts economic


conditions, vaccination may be the way to limit the pandemic infection. Due to poor
knowledge between populations about types of vaccine, its dosing recommendations,
and the poor commitment to hygiene practices, the national and international health
organizations are organizing campaigns to increase the public awareness level about
the COVID-19 vaccines.,

The vaccination program campaigns include advertisements on social media


and television to increase the population's awareness of COVID-19 vaccines and
show the importance of public vaccination to limit the spread of corona virus
infections.

At the beginning of the availability of the vaccine doses, there was little
vaccination program campaign coverage, providing the opportunity to study the
public awareness with COVID-19 vaccines. But now, there is more coverage and an
increase in public awareness.

This study aimed to evaluate the public awareness, attitudes, and practices
regarding the COVID-19 vaccines.

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11.Benefits of getting vaccine

The vaccine reduces risk of infection.


Once you receive your first shot, your body begins producing antibodies to the
corona virus. These antibodies help your immune system fight the virus if you happen
to be exposed, so it reduces your chance of getting the disease. There are three
vaccines available for use in the United States, and they are all more than 70%
effective in preventing infection.
It’s true that you can still become infected after being vaccinated, but once more of
the population is vaccinated, those chances are further reduced thanks to something
called herd immunity. So, getting vaccinated not only reduces your chance of being
infected, it also contributes to community protection, reducing the likelihood of virus
transmission.

The vaccine can help unborn baby or newborn.


Studies have found that expectant mothers who receive the COVID-19 vaccine
create antibodies to the virus and pass those to their unborn baby through the placenta.
Mothers were also shown to pass antibodies to their newborns through breast milk.
This suggests those newborns have some immunity to the virus, which is especially
important as young children cannot get the vaccine. Learn more about vaccine
considerations for pregnant and nursing women.

The vaccine protects against severe illness.


During studies, the three vaccines — Johnson & Johnson, Modern, and Pfizer
— have shown to be effective at preventing severe illness from COVID-19. So even if
you were vaccinated and become infected, you are very unlikely to become severely
ill. The clinical trials for the Pfizer-BioNtech vaccines showed they were 100%
effective at preventing severe illness. The Johnson & Johnson vaccine showed 85%
effectiveness against severe illness.
The vaccines are also effective against variants. Much like the original strand, all
three vaccines will protect you against severe illness and reduce the likelihood for
hospitalization.

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Studies have shown vaccinated people who do get infected have mild to moderate
cases of COVID-19 compared to those who aren't vaccinated. So, your risk of
hospitalization and death because of COVID-19 is nearly eliminated once you are
fully vaccinated.

The vaccine help us ditch the mask.


The vaccine is the final step in our effort to get back to a more normal way of
life. Public health measures such as mask wearing, physical distancing and hand-
washing were implemented to slow the spread of the virus, and they have proven to
work. Although masks are still recommended indoors in areas with high infection
rates, the vaccine is our path toward eventually moving beyond them.
Evidence suggests that vaccinated people who might be infected with the corona virus
have fewer virus particles in their nose and mouth and are less likely to spread it to
others. This finding is important as getting vaccinated now not only protects you, but
also limits spreading the virus to loved ones and friends.
As more people continue to receive the vaccine, we might reach herd immunity,
which means the spread of the virus becomes unlikely. It’s important we all receive
the vaccine to help us achieve this public health goal.

The vaccine will help us reconnect with friends and family.


Once you’ve received the vaccine and waited the recommended time for your
body to build immunity, you can visit in person with other people who have been
vaccinated without wearing a mask. Also, if you’ve been around someone who has
tested positive for COVID-19, you do not need to quarantine if you are fully
vaccinated and not experiencing symptoms.
After a year of uncertainty, the vaccine has arrived and has clear benefits that should
make everyone strongly considered getting the shot. By choosing to be vaccinated,
you can protect not only yourself and your family but your community as well.

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12.About Snehalaya hospital Solur

About 18 Kms from Nelamangala, off the Bangalore-Mangalore Highway is


the small town of Solur. Here, run by the Sisters of Charity of the Saints B. Capitano
and V. Gerosa congregation is the Snehalaya Hospital, a boon for the community. In
addition to being the most important healthcare provider, the Sisters have done
wonderful work over the last 37 years in community upliftment.

The Hospital has had Dr Sr Gladys Menezes at its helm for the last 8 years. An
‘82 batch Johnite, Sr Gladys, an OB&G specialist with help of largely house
surgeons has kept this center functioning efficiently. A 50 bed inpatient facility, this
hospital sees an average of 160-250 patients per day in the outpatient department.
Approximately 160-180 deliveries including cesarian sections are conducted every
month. Growing incrementally over the last 37 years, the latest addition to the facility
is a revamped inpatient facility with an OT complex and neonatal facility.

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13.Conclusion of Improving health condition of rural people by


spreading awareness about covid in rural hospital

COVID 19-vaccines are effective and can reduce the risk of getting and spreading the
virus that causes COVID-19. Learn more about the different COVID-19 vaccines.
COVID-19 vaccines also help children and adults from getting seriously ill even if
they do get COVID-19. While COVID-19 tends to be milder in children than adults, it
can make children very sick, require hospitalization, and some children have even

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died. Children with underlying medical conditions are more at risk for severe illness
compared to children without underlying medical conditions. Getting children ages 5
years and older vaccinated can help protect them from serious short- and long-term
complications. Getting everyone ages 5 years and older vaccinated can protect
families and communities, including friends and family who are not eligible for
vaccination and people at increased risk for severe illness from COVID-19.

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14.Certifications

Department of Mechanical Engineering, RIT, Bangalore

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