Răspunsuri scurte si succinte pentru fiecare obiectiv din UNIT1

1. Define the notion of “Translation Studies”;

Translation Studies entails the systematic examination of translation both as an applied
practice and also as a means of understanding the movement and transfer between diverse
languages and cultures.
2. Determine the object of study and the objectives of Translation Studies;
The translator makes possible an exchange of information between the users of different
languages by producing in the target language (TL or the translating language) a text which has
an identical communicative value with the source (or original) text (ST).
3. Determine the fundamental problems of Translation Studies;
Structure of the Language. Cultural Differences. Compound Words. Verbs made up of two
words. Missing Terms. Words with Several Meanings. Lack of Technical Knowledge. Limited
Time.
Translation studies had to ‘fight’ in order to find the proper place among other disciplines
that contended for its object of study.
4. Assess the interdisciplinary nature of Translation Studies;
Translation Studies forms an extended field of research with its own questions and concepts
adapted to its multi-faceted object.
5. Describe the socio-cultural nature of translation;
The key aspects covered are the agents behind translation, the social histories revealed by
translations, the perceived roles and values of translators in social contexts, the hidden power
relations structuring publication contexts, and the need to review basic concepts of the way
social and cultural systems work.
6. Bring arguments to support different views on the process and product of translation and
interpretation
Translation may be considered to be an abstract concept which encompasses both the process
of translating and the product of that process and has surely been one of the most important and
influential components in the process of cultural, historical, economic, cultural and scientific
development in the history of the human race.

Try to explain internal and external knowledge p 10

Internal: A translator thinks and talks about translation from inside the process, knowing
how it's done, possessing a practical real-world sense of the problems involved, some solutions
to those problems, and the limitations on those solutions (the translator knows, for example, that
no translation will ever be a perfectly reliable guide to the original).
 External: A non-translator (especially a mono lingual reader in the target language who
directly or indirectly pays for the translation - a client, a book-buyer) thinks and talks about
translation from outside the process, not knowing how it's done.

Exercise 2. Translation.
Beneficial Effects of Drinking Champagne
I am going to tell you about my favourite drink. This is champagne. Everybody who knows me
knows that I like champagne. It can be a birthday celebration, a Christmas celebration, perhaps a
wedding or just any other day champagne is always the right thing to drink. And so, I was happy
to receive from a friend of mine an article just before Christmas about the beneficial effects of
drinking champagne. Just before Christmas it was perfectly timed.
It seems that scientists have found during their research the fact that a few glasses of champagne
every day
is good for you. Good for your heart, good for your blood circulation. And it cannot be
champagne. It can be
another variety of sparkling wine such as Cava, Prosecco or Sekt. The effects are the same.
“What good
news!”, I said to myself. And who carried out this research? It was a team in the United
Kingdom, the
University of Reading and another team in France. Joint research. The results were published in
the British
Journal of Nutrition where we learn that two to three glasses a day would have a very beneficial
effect on the
blood vessels, would help reduce heart disease and all together was a good thing.
Now we knew about red wine. Red wine, everybody knows has very beneficial effects in small
doses, of
course because it contains polyphenols. Polyphenols, also, are contained in champagne, because
it is a variety
of black grape or a few varieties of black grapes that are used to produce champagne. Therefore,
the effects
are beneficial and if you keep to moderate drinking you are likely to do your heart a great deal of
good. May
I, therefore, recommend, that anytime is the right time for champagne and that we should all
raise our glasses
to the production and consumption of this most excellent, wonderful drink – my favourite tipple.
Thank you!
Efectele benefice ale consumului de șampanie
Am să vă povestesc despre băutura mea preferată – șampania. Toți cei care mă cunosc
știu că îmi place șampania. Poate fi o sărbătoare de ziuă de naștere, Crăciunul, poate o nuntă sau
orice altă zi, șampania este întotdeauna lucrul potrivit de băut. Astfel, m-am bucurat să primesc
de la un prieten de-al meu un articol chiar înainte de Crăciun despre efectele benefice ale
consumului de șampanie. Chiar înainte de Crăciun a fost perfect binevenit.
Se pare că oamenii de știință au descoperit în timpul cercetărilor lor faptul că câteva
pahare de șampanie în fiecare zi sunt bune. Bun pentru inimă, bun pentru circulația sângelui. Nu
este vorba doar despre șampanie. Poate fi un alt tip de vin spumant precum Cava, Prosecco sau
Sekt. Efectele sunt aceleași. „Ce veste bună!”, mi-am spus. Cine a realizat această cercetare? A
fost o echipă din Regatul Unit, Universitatea din Reading și o altă echipă din Franța. Rezultatele
acestei cercetări comune au fost publicate în British Journal of Nutrition din care aflăm că de la
două până la trei pahare pe zi vor avea un efect benefic asupra vaselor sangvine, ar ajuta la
reducerea bolilor inimii și toate acestea sunt benefice (toate aduc beneficii).
Cu toții cunoaștem informația despre vinul roșu. Se știe că vinul roșu are efecte benefice
când este consumat în doze mici, bineînțeles pentru că conține polifenoli. Polifenolii, de
asemenea, se conțin în șampanie, deoarece sunt o varietate de struguri negri sau câteva soiuri de
struguri negri care sunt folosite pentru a produce șampanie. Prin urmare, efectele sunt benefice
și, dacă veți consuma alcoolul moderat, probabil veți aduce multe beneficii inimii. Deci, vă
recomand că orice moment este potrivit pentru a servi șampanie și să ridicăm cu toții paharele la
producerea și consumul acestei băuturi minunate și excelente – băutura mea preferată.
Mulțumesc!