ENGLISH LEARNING AND TEACHING

(Cooperative Lenguage Learning)

Created by :

Naufal Syafiqri : 2010631060174

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

SINGAPERBANGSA KARAWANG UNIVERSITY

2022
 Cooperative lenguage Learning

Introduction

Though cooperative learning (CL) as a term has been used only recently to denote an
educational teaching methodology, the techniques of what is

Now called cooperative learning have been used in classrooms and have been
researched extensively for thirty years or more. The reason cooperative learning
succeeds as an educational methodology is its use of convergent tasks: Group goals
based on the individual responsibility of all group members leads to increased
learning achievement, regardless of subject or proficiency level of students
involved .For educational instructors, the most important result of the voluminous
research into CL is that it is possible to create conditions leading to positive
achievement outcomes by directly teaching students structured methods of working
together with each other or teaching them learning strategies closely related to the
instructional objectives (Slavin, 1995, p. 45).

Cooperative Language Learning (CLL) is part of a more general instructional

approach also known as Collaborative Learning (CL). CLL refers to a variety of
teaching methods in which students work in small groups to help one another and to
accomplish shared learning goals. This means that interaction within one
heterogeneous group can lead to a maximum of language learning, if the students
work collaboratively. To do so, they have to use the L2 and share the idea of
achieving a common goal, which is not on the first side the learning the language, but
solving the exercises.

The approaches of this methods are from the theory of language is that
communication as a primary purpose of language and cooperative nature of
language, and the theory of learning is that learners develop communicative
competence and critical thinking skills.

Goals

• To provide opportunities for naturalistic second language acquisition through the

use of interactive pair and group activities.
• To provide teachers with a methodology to enable them to achieve this goal and
one that can be applied in a variety of curriculum settings (e.g., content-based,
foreign language classrooms).

• To enable focused attention to particular lexical items, language structures, and

communicative functions through the use of interactive tasks.

• To provide opportunities for learners to develop successful learning and

communication strategiesTo enhance learner motivation and reduce learner stress
and to create a positive affective classroom climate .

Produce

Application of the cooperative method Learning can be done Through several steps
so that you can Improve cognitive abilities. Before carrying out the steps from
Cooperative learning method too Prepare class settings and Readiness for the
learning process According to Yamin (2013: 38) Stated that, a good learning
atmosphere Conducive will make children become able to study with the district
Good knowledge, they become Sensitive, independent and responsible child Answer.

Theory of lenguage:

1.The explanation stage is defined as the process of delivering the main points of the
subject matter before students study in groups. The main goal in this stage is
students’ understanding of the subject matter.

2.Learning in groups . the teacher explains the general description of the main subject
matter.

3. Assessment in the cooperative learning model can be done with tests or quizzes.

4. Group Recognition ,Group recognition is the determination of which group is

considered the most prominent or which group has the most achievement, which
deserves a prize or prize.

Theory of learning:

1. Delivering goals and motivating students, so students can complete the assigned
tasks

2. Presenting information on the learning process carried out

3. Organizing students into study groups, so that students can work together in
solving problems

4. Guiding group work and study.

5. Evaluate the results of their process

6. Giving awards or appreciations whether it is true or not so that students can be

enthusiastic in learning

Characterist

From the table below, we can easily see understand the characteristics of cooperative
language learning

1.Objective To develop critical thinking skills and communicative competence

through socially structured interaction activities

2.Objectiveoles Active participator, individual needs, and learning centered

3.Teacherer roles Organizer and counselor of group work,facilitator of the

communication tasks, intervener to teach collaborative skills.

4 Materials Materials are arranged according to purpose of lesson. Usually one

group shares a complete set of materials.

5.Syllabus CLL doesn’t assume any particular form of language. It is an

alternative to teacher-fronted teaching.

6.Types of activities Task, group work and sharing session.

7.Room arrangement Moving to create collaborative small groups

8.Studentnt expectations All members in some way contribute to success of

group.

9.Teacher-studentperating and equal.

Elements of Successful Group-Based Learning in CL :

Positive interdependence : Group members realize that their success is linked with
each other. It means building a spirit of mutual support within the group.

Group formation : Creating positive interdependence by deciding size of the group,

assigning students to groups, and make sure students participate in the group.

Individual accountability : The performance of each individual is assessed and the

results are given back to the group and the individual in order to determine who
needs more assistance, support, and encouragement in learning.

Social skills : The way students interact with each other as teammates.

Structuring and Structures : The ways of organizing students interaction. The

teachers can enable students different interaction ways in the group

Design

Objective
Cooperative learning model has a goal, namely academic learning outcomes and
students can accept a variety of diversity from friends, as well as the development of
social skills. In cooperative learning, although it includes a variety of social goals, it
also improves student achievement or other important academic tasks. Another goal
of the cooperative model is the wide acceptance of people who differ based on race,
culture, social class, abilities, and limitations.

Syllabus

The syllabus plays an important role in every teaching and learning activity because
it is the basis of the application of learning such as in cooperative learning or CLL
which requires group work. In completing their group assignments, each student
must work together, helping each other to understand the subject matter. In learning
it is said to be unfinished if one of the members has not mastered the lesson material
(Isjoni, 2011:14). Every learning carried out can be done with a syllabus that is
different from the syllabus of each lesson carried out

Cooperative leanguage activity

The Cooperative Language Learning (CLL) method is present as a learning method

that focuses on group activities. Students do not only compete with each other, but
are directed to achieve the same goals in learning, which can improve students’
understanding and ability in learning English.
The principle of the cooperative learning model is
1) positive interdependence
2)) individual responsibility;
3) face to face;
4) communication between members; and
5) group process evaluation (Lie, 2000).

Jigsaw

Another version of Traveling Heads Together called “Jigsaw” involves all students
of each group making new groups (Jacobs, Power, & Loh, 2002). As in the
Numbered Heads Together, the instructor gives students numbers within their
respective “home team” groups.

Advantage

Profit
Advantages of cooperative learning as a strategy

Learning include:

A. Through cooperative learning, students are not too dependent on On the teacher,
but will be able to increase confidence in the ability Think for themselves, find
information from various sources, and Learn from other students.

B. Cooperative learning can develop skills Express ideas or ideas verbally And
compare them with other people’s ideas.

C. Cooperative learning can help children to respect Others and are aware of all their
limitations and accept all differences.

D. Cooperative learning can help empower every student To be more responsible in

learning. Cooperative learning is a strategy that is quite powerful to improve
academic achievement as well as ability social skills, including developing a
sense of self-worth, relationships positive interpersonal with others, develop time
management skills, and a positive attitude towards school.

E. Through cooperative learning can develop abilities Students to test their own
ideas and understanding, accept Feedback. Students can practice solving
problems without Afraid to make trouble, because the decision made is Group
responsibility.
 F. Cooperative learning can improve students’ abilities use information and abstract
learning skills to become Real

Disavatage

A. This method requires a rather complicated preparation when compared to other

methods.

B. If there is negative competition between individuals in a group or between groups

in a class or large group then the results will be worse.

C. If there are lazy children or children who want to be in power in a large group, it
will most likely affect the group, so that the group’s efforts cannot be seen with
the naked eye.

B.Syllabus

subject matter Learning Activity

Orientasi 1. Students form several study groups to observe the questions 1. t

2. Students find several questions related to the material. 2. g
3.Students work together and contribute to their assignments

Organizing 1. The teacher gives direction to students in defining learning tasks by 1. de

providingworksheets that must be done by students simultaneously 2. In
2. Students are divided into several working groups
3. The teacher provides handout material for students to collect data and
variouother sources.
1. 4. The teacher gives some learning motivation to students before working on
Research 1. the teacher provides some materials that are used to discuss with students 1. Ex
Guidance 2. Students Identify problems in the material 2.ma
 Method 1.The teacher guides students in compiling reports based on work 1. S
Development 2.Students compile reports and make conversations that will be presented in front
of the class
Submission 1. Students present their reports in front of the class in turns and practice 1.cre
examples ofconversations that have been made creat
Processed

2. Students express opinions on the presentation made about the material

Analysis 1 . Students conduct a question and answer session and provide responses from 1.can
And evaluation each group that has presented its report toget

2. Students ask about unfamiliar material or the teacher throws some questions
related to the material

3. The teacher together concludes the results of their discussion by continuing

on the material or the results of the discussions that have been carried out.