Digital Signal Processing

1. Hafta
 Resources
• Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, and
Applications by John G. Proakis, Dimitris G.
Manolakis
• Discrete-Time Signal Processing by Alan V.
Oppenheim and Ronald W. Schafer
• Digital Signal Processing: Fundamentals and
Applications by Li Tan and Jean Jiang
• Sayısal İşaret İşleme by Sarp Ertürk
 Programming

MATLAB

http://bidb.btu.edu.tr/index.php?page=duyuru&id=29146
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6
Continuous-Time and Discrete Time Signals
&
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Firstly, lets consider that two alternating quantities such as a voltage, v and a current, i have the same
frequency ƒ in Hertz. As the frequency of the two quantities is the same the angular velocity, ω must also be
the same. So at any instant in time we can say that the phase of voltage, v will be the same as the phase of the
current, i.

Then the angle of rotation within a particular time period will always be the same and the phase difference
between the two quantities of v and i will therefore be zero and Φ = 0. As the frequency of the voltage, v and
the current, i are the same they must both reach their maximum positive, negative and zero values during
one complete cycle at the same time (although their amplitudes may be different). Then the two alternating
quantities, v and i are said to be “in-phase”.

Two Sinusoidal Waveforms – “in-phase”

 
Now lets consider that the voltage, v and the current, i have a phase difference between themselves of  30o,
so (Φ  = 30o or π/6 radians). As both alternating quantities rotate at the same speed, i.e. they have the same
frequency, this phase difference will remain constant for all instants in time, then the phase difference
of  30o between the two quantities is represented by phi, Φ as shown below.

Phase Difference of a Sinusoidal Waveform

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Voltage

-1

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Time (sec.)