6.4 Measures of dispersion Measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode) help you to explore the middle of a data set, but do not always give you a clear picture of the whole data set. One of the measures of dispersion that will give you more information about the data is called the range. The range is the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the data set. Range = max - min The range is a simple measure of how spread out the data is (the dispersion), In the opening problem, you studied the test results of 32 students: 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3,4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 7, 7,7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, fay «10-010Quartiles Quartiles are values that divide the data into quarters. @ The first quartile (called the lower quartile or Q,) has 25% of the data below it. The second quartile is the median; the middle value in the data set. 50% of the data lies below the median, and 50% lies above it. © The third quartile (the upper quartile or Q,) has 75% of the data below it. Q, is the median of the lower 50% of the data, and Q, is the median of the upper 50% of the data. The interquartile range (or IQR) is the difference between Q, and Q,.Example 9 For the data set 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, find: a the median b the lower quartile (Qs) © the upper quartile (83) @ the interquartile range e the range. a) Mae 42.5 a) PIC=S-135= FB b) Qy- 125 ©) Raven W412 143 ©) Qy=%5———————— 4 Find a the median, b the lower quartile, the upper quartile, d the IQR, e the range 0f 3, 6,7, 7,8, 8, 9, 10, 12, 12,15. 2 Finda the median, b the lower quartile, ¢ the upper quartile, d the IQR, e the range 0f 4, 5,5, 7, 9, 8, 15, 6, 2, 10, 6, 5. 3 Lincy records the number of sit-ups she does each day over a period of 16 days. ‘These are her results: 12, 25, 16, 37, 10, 25, 30, 14, 16, 50, 45, 2, 20, 28, 10, 40 Find the median number of sit-ups. b Find the interquartile range. Copy and complete the following sentences. © On8 of the 16 days, Lincy did more than sit-ups. _ The “middle half” of the number of sit- Ups Lincy did was between «nn... and @ On4 of the 16 days, Lincy did more ANAM sre SHEUPS. 4 The number of cars passing a school was recorded every hour for 1] hours. The results were: 20, 20, 35, 45, 50, 35, 35, 45, 25, 30, 35 Find the interquartile range. 5 This table shows the number of passengers in each of 16 cars. Pepe [2] 3] 4] 5 [6 Gam | >| 3 | 2 ie Find the interquartile range 6 The data below is listed in ascending ord 5,6,7,7.9.9) F, 10,5, 13, 13.1 ‘The median of the data is 9.5. The upper quartile Q,is 13. & Write down the value of: ir is b_ The mean of the data is 10. Find the value of t