Chap.

5 Response of Measuring system

(계측계의 응답)
• Response – 시스템의 충실도(fidelity). Input에 있는 관계있는 정보를
정확하게 감지, 전달, 표시하는 능력

change Amplitude Gain?

Phase

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

5.2 Amplitude response
모든 input amplitude를 uniform하게 처리할 수 있는 능력
Ex) input 5 -> output 10이면,
10 -> 20을 예측할 수 있다. (linear)
(nonlinear일 수도 있지만, 여하간, 예측output과 실제 output차이가 커지면 poor response

Input < 10-2V

정확히 작동하는 input range는?

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

5.3 frequency response/ phase response

-> attenuated
dB = 20log(gain)

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

Band width
-3 dB = 20 log(gain)
Gain = 1/1.412…

The bandwidth of an electronic filter is the part of the filter's frequency response that
lies within 3 dB compared to the center frequency of its peak.

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

 complex form에서 중요

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
 5.6 지연, 상승시간, 비틀림율
과도(Transient)상태에서 응답 특성
Rise time (or, delay): time for system to pass 10% to 90% of final response
Settling time: time for final responde to settle at given %

Slew rate: 시스템이 다룰 수 있는 최대변화율.

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

5.7 response of experimental system element

G1 φ1 G2 φ2 G3 φ3

gain

Phase lag

주어진 freq.에서,

System gain =

System phase =

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

 Low pass filter

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

5.9 기계적 요소 (mechanical system)
mass, spring, damper

Natural frequency

Critical damping coeff.

Damping ratio

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

5.14 Special cases of general system model
Zero-order system

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

First-order system

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

5.14 Special cases of general system model

First-order system

(1) Step input

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

시정수의 물리적 의미:
Process의 63.2 % 진행

t=2.3τ일때 90%진행

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
First-order system
(2) Harmonic input

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
5.18 electrical system (1st order)

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
5.16 Second-order system

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
 (1) Step input

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
(2) Harmonic input

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

 (2) Harmonic input

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University
5.19 RLC 회로 (2차계)

Mechanical Measurements School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University