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● Issues:
• correctness
• time efficiency
• space efficiency
• optimality
● Approaches:
• theoretical analysis
• empirical analysis
T(n) ≈ copC(n)
running time execution time Number of times
for basic operation basic operation is
executed
Visiting a vertex or
Typical graph problem #vertices and/or edges
traversing an edge
● Worst case
● Best case
● Average case
Design and Analysis of Algorithms -
Types of formulas for basic operation’s count
● Exact formula
e.g., C(n) = n(n-1)/2
● Example:
• How much faster will algorithm run on computer that is
twice as fast?
Examples:
● 10n is O(n2)
● 5n+20 is O(n)
● f(n) ∈ O(f(n))
Examples:
• 10n vs. n2
• n(n+1)/2 vs. n2
Example: 2n vs. n!
● order log n < order nα (α>0) < order an < order n! < order nn
Size:
Basic operation:
Recurrence relation:
Design and Analysis of Algorithms -
Solving the recurrence for M(n)
Characteristic equation:
F(n-1) F(n) 0 1 n
=
F(n) F(n+1) 1 1