Pak301

Assignment#1
Roll number: bc190407990
Two Nation Theory of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan:
The prominent name among the Muslim members who motivated Muslim majority is Sir Syed
Ahmed Khan (1817-98).The idea of two nation theory was introduced by him. Sir Syed Ahmed
Khan awakened and guided his community well in time. In the beginning, Sir Syed believed in
Indian Nationalism but later due to Hindi-Urdu controversy, Sir Syed’s trust in India was shaken
and he began to support the two nation theory. He made the Muslims realize that they are a
separate nation. Their religion “Islam” is very powerful. He realized the Muslims that they
should demand for separate homeland of their own.
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was the first Muslim Leader who used the word “NATION” for the
Muslims of Sub-continent. According to him, In India there were two nations, the Hindus and of
course the Muslims. They could not live together. Hindus and Muslims are two separate nations
because their religion, history, culture and civilization were different from each other. Sir Syed
views were that India was a continent, not a country. It was having a vast population of different
races. He said that, Hindus and Muslims, were the major nations on the basis of nationality,
religion, customs, cultural and historical traditions. According to him, the Indian National
Congress was not acceptable to the Muslims. In short. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was the true
believer and preacher to Two-Nation Theory. He called the real founder of Two-Nation Theory
in sub-continent, may be. His efforts were remarkable.

Two Nation Theory Allama Iqbal:

As we all know that Allama Iqbal was a great poet, philosopher and a politician. Iqbal had a
sensitive heart and he was a deep thinker. He has a deep-thinking inquisitive mind. Allama Iqbal
delivered historical address at ALLAHABAD.
“I would like to see the Punjab, NWFP, Sindh,
Balochistan amalgamated into a single state as a self-government with in the British
Empire or without. This is the final destiny of the Muslims of N.W.India.”
Men like Allama Iqbal are born but in centuries. His first public appearance was in 1899 at the
annual session of Amjuman Himayat-i-Islam in Lahore when he presented the poem, Nala-i-
Yatim. He criticized capitalism, materialism and lack of spiritualism. Allama Iqbal proposed a
separate state of the Muslims. He claimed that the Muslims were a separate nation in every
respect. His own words in this regard were as follows:
“We have a population of seven crore
among all nations of the sub-continent, we are united. In fact, of all the nations inhabiting
the country, Muslims are the only true nation according to the most modern definition of
the world.”

Two Nation Theory of Muhammad Ali Jinnah:

Quaid-e-Azam also play a vital role in two-nation theory. He possessed a visionary leadership,
commitment to the cause and political mobilization capacity. He said:
“Difference in India
between the two major nations, the Hindus and the Muslims are thousand times greater
when compared with the continent of Europe.”
He refused the claim of All India National Congress that India had only one single nation. He
was a firm advocate of Two Nation Theory which became the ideological basis Pakistan. He
considered the Muslims as a separate nation. He said;
“Pakistan was created the day the first
Indian national entered the field of Islam.” He defined the two-nation theory as:
“The Muslims
are a nation by every right to establish their separate homeland. They can adopt any means
to promote and protect their economic, social, political and cultural interests.”
The two nation theory is the basis of the creation of Pakistan. Jinnah believed in the force of
Islam as he said that Islam is a dynamic force that can unite the Muslims

Impact of Allahabad Address (1930) by Allama

Q2#

Iqbal on Muslim Politics:

Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim league in 1930 at its session in Allahabad. In his
presidential address, he outlined a vision of an independent state for Muslims-majority provinces
in India. In his address, Allama Iqbal explained that Islam was the major and determining factor
in the life of the Indian Muslims. He defined the Muslim of India as a nation. He explained that
the Islam was the major factor in the life history of Indian Muslims. Iqbal address is a forceful
and logical presentation of the Muslim case in India. He presented a review of the political and
social situation of India. The modern phase of Muslim politics started after the revolt of 1857.
Some call it “The Mutiny” while some are believe that it was a “War of Independence”.