100 Essay Topics

1. Nowadays, people care about their appearance more than before. Do

you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Because, nowadays, the personality and image of a person is mostly perceived by
their looks and appearance, whereas earlier people were more concerned about
values and behaviour (ethics, morality, honesty etc.)
• Availability of cosmetics and beauty products has made people more informed and
interested in fashion
• Now that we have social media where people like, comment and basically judge
other people it, has become a competition to look attractive
• Fashion has not just been confined to daily life, it has found its way in workplaces
as well especially those related to customer interaction (e.g. salesman, air hostess)
to attract the attention of people

2. Shopping has become a favourite pastime among young people. Why

do you think it is like that? Do you think they must be encouraged to do
other things rather than shopping?
QUESTION 1
• Increasing job opportunities among youth and increased spending power - youth
has disposable income to spend on shopping
• People are getting influenced by peer groups and friends who often go out for
shopping and end up developing a habit
• Shopping is more economical compared to other leisure activities like- travelling
and photography, travelling needs lots of money (accommodation, food cost,
travel cost), and also fulfils needs.
• Shopping(online) can be done from anywhere and at any time- easy and
comfortable. Does not require any planning and no hindrance due to poor
weather- never gets spoilt (some activities like sports need proper weather, and
many equipments, shopping can be done online)- all time favourite pastime
activity
• The youth, nowadays, have good taste of western culture and shopping satisfies
this taste (malls/ online shopping with all international brands/ products across
the globe)
QUESTION 2
• It affects their savings and wastes time which can be invested in other activities
(reading, watching news or any sport activity – develops knowledge and improves

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life skills)- Shopping plays no role in their development as it doesn’t involve any
task which can improve any skill
• Many young people end up being indebted by buying unwanted things, instead
they should be encouraged to take interest in money management and savings-
good habits)
• Instead, they can be motivated to spend the same money for charity, helping
needy and underprivileged (it ignites sense of responsibility towards society,
makes them caring, mature, responsible and contributing members of society)
(money wasted on shopping can save lives)
• Online/mall shopping doesn’t require much physical movement- sedentary-
unhealthy, instead encouraged to play outdoor sports - good for mental health
and physical fitness

3. Nowadays, some people still prefer to ride bicycles. To what extent

this will help us in today’s life?
• Environment friendly (doesn’t emit toxic gases in air)
• Solves problems like traffic, parking and accidents (light weight, small structure,
low speed)
• Health can be maintained or improved especially for people suffering from
obesity
• Helps in fuel conservation (requires no amount of fuel, in times when we are
running out of scarce fossil fuel)
• Easy to maintain (cost-effective) (not much to do apart from checking oil and air
pressure), affordable, saves transportation cost for people

4. People’s character is influenced by the environment rather than

genetics. Do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Characteristics of people are influenced by the kind of people they surround
themselves with like peers, friends and colleagues because of spending lots of
time (opinions on caste, religion, race etc./ positive or negative approach towards
life)
• The place where they live also plays role in developing mannerism (observing and
adopting other people’s behaviour mostly without being aware of it) (best example
is difference in mannerism and behaviour of people in cities and villages)
• The kind of information they consume also shapes their personality like media and
news which defers from place to place
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DISAGREE
• People do inherit some traits from their parents like habits, preferences and
behaviour (if parents are not social (introvert), in most of the cases children turn
out to be the same)

5. People follow interests and have hobbies (e.g. collecting or making

things). Do you think it is pointless? What can people learn from
hobbies?
QUESTION 1
• No, it helps them release stress and shifts their mind for some time to something
they enjoy (stress buster and rejuvenates)
• Hobbies play integral role in overall development of an individual as ‘all work no
play makes Jack a dull boy’
• Can provide an alternative to career in technical field, if a person doesn’t succeed
in job (painter, handicraft, artist etc.)
• YES, it is sheer waste of time and energy, instead, time can be utilised for more
fruitful activities like reading, gym, cycling, dancing, or singing – good for mental as
well as physical health- improves better skills
QUESTION 2
• People can learn a great deal of skills by pursuing their hobbies depending on the
type of hobby for example a hobby like painting can develop imagination in a
person (decision making and confidence)
• Time management- how to balance between studies/job and hobbies/interest

6. Wild animals have no place in the 21st century and trying to preserve
these animals is waste of resources. To what extent do you agree or
disagree?
DISAGREE
• Preserving wild animals and their natural habitat can help in tourism as they
attract lots of tourists (zoos and sanctuary) (helps in economy)
• If we do so, it will send a wrong message to the upcoming generation who will not
have a chance to experience its beauty
• Human survival depends on the existence of these animals and their habitats
(maintains the balance of ecosystem and biodiversity)

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• These wild species can give us knowledge and help in discovering medicines (like
snake venom)
AGREE
• Demand of land is increasing due to population growth, and the more land is
occupied by the wild the less it is for humans to survive (land can be used for
agriculture/residence/industries)
• Humans share already scarce resources with animals so better if all can be utilised
for human survival (food, forests and fresh water)

7. Education is sometimes considered as something for the youth only.

Some people, however, consider it as a lifelong task. What is your
opinion? Give reasons and support your ideas with specific supports.
LIFELONG TASK
• Learning and acquiring knowledge are constant processes and people learn
something new every day (books/experience/research) for the whole life- a
scientist for example
• As technology advances, people must keep learning and be updated with it
(Example – a software developer must keep updating or learning new software
and technology/development daily until the last day of the job)
• Many aged/middle-aged pursue Management and International Business courses
to manage and expand their businesses at global level (age is no bar), though they
already possess degrees in their respective fields

• Education has no end to it

- School education
- College education
- Family education
- Social education
- Financial education
- Corporate education
- Technological education and we need them all to survive and compete in today’s
cut-throat competition ------it is a never ending process.

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8. Some people argue that it is best to accept a bad situation, such as an
unsatisfactory job or shortage of money. Others believe that it is better
to try and improve such situations. Discuss both the views and give your
own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• For people who do not possess good skills or are under qualified, accepting an
unsatisfactory job is probably the only option to survive
• Also sometimes trying for a better change can worsen the situation (leaving a job
for a better option and then not finding one can put a person in financial
jeopardy).
• Some are satisfied in just accepting and finding happiness in whatever they have
rather than stressing about what they don’t
• Some are socially, financially and intellectually so underprivileged that they have
no opportunities in their life so accepting an unfavourable or painful circumstance
is the only option left in despair.
2ND VIEW
• They believe in never give up attitude which help lots of people in achieving
success (Cristiano Ronaldo)
• By trying to improve situations, people encounter failures which build character
(by trying again and again and having to solve problems encountered during
failures, adversities make them learn and develop)
• It is often observed that people having many restrictions, when try to improve,
achieve a lot more than they intended to (they don’t have anything to lose)- it is
always better to try and fail than being a failure all the time
9. Some people think that formal education should start for children as
early as possible, while others think that it should not start until 7 years
of age. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Children starting to learn early will have an edge over other students starting after
7 years of age
• (Utility of time which would otherwise be wasted while achieving nothing) It will
give more time to perfect the skills and opportunity to explore natural talents
(quick calculations/multilingual at a young age)
• (Grasping power/natural learners) Also, people think that grasping power of
children should not be wasted during the first seven years

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2ND VIEW
• It will give more time to learn things at home with parents (manners/etiquettes/
ethics/honesty)
• Also helps in figuring out interests and developing good hobbies (reading, dancing
and singing)
• Can enjoy childhood and spend quality time with grandparents who can teach
them important values
• Fragile, naive and innocent minds- should not be burdened with education at such
tender age (they have the whole life to study, and once studies start, there is no
end to it-let them enjoy their childhood in true sense)- explore the great outdoors,
enjoy the nature, engage in physical activities, learn and connect to our couture
and tradition, connect to people in the society etc....

10. Young people are leaving their homes from rural areas to study or
working cities. What are the reasons? Do advantages of this
developmentoutweigh its disadvantages?
REASONS
• Countless employment opportunities are provided in cities (because of having a
more number of lucrative businesses, shopping malls, industrial areas,
multinational companies, jobs in transportation sector (taxies and cabs like Ola
and Uber))(better pay/wide range of jobs)
• Reputed as well as technologically advanced educational institutes and universities
are mostly located in cities (pragmatic approach of teaching, preparing for jobs or
business) (highly qualified tutors)
• Transportation facilities are better to travel to workplace or college/school
(frequency is better), saves time and money which can be invested in other fruitful
activities like socializing
DISADVANTAGES
• Population increase in cities would invite numerous problems (pollution, traffic
and more competition means less opportunities for residents)
• More migration will lead to less skilled workers for farming in rural area which
would create the problem of not meeting the demand of food supply
• Forests will have to be cut (land clearances) for the expansion of cities (due to
overpopulation) which would create more problems(less oxygen and loss of
habitat of wild animals)

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11. Some people argue that arts, such as paintings and music, are a
waste of money, and the government should spend this money on other
public services. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this
statement?
AGREE
• Public services are very essential and determine the quality of life (hospitals,
schools and transportation)
• People living below poverty line are dependent on these services for survival (like
public transport and government hospitals) (no benefit of promoting art when
people starve to death)
DISAGREE
• Music can provide relaxation and preserve culture and tradition in the form of folk
songs
• Art pieces (paintings and sculptures) can reveal a lot about history, and museums
showcasing these can become a tourist attraction (economy)
• Films focusing on social issues and taboos can be a great medium for government
to bring changes in society (films like Pad man and Toilet)

12. Nowadays, it is common for people to get married and have children
in their thirties rather than when they are younger. Do you agree or
disagree that this trend will benefit society?
AGREE
• Maturity and experiences are needed when choosing a companion (by the time
they hit thirty they would have gained these)- less divorce rates, successful
marriage life- positive message to the society.
• Most of the people in their thirties would have become financially stable and,
therefore, would be able to provide better education and upbringing to their
children- couples and their children become contributing, efficient and productive
members of society.
• Maturity also helps in handling tantrums of children patiently and wisely- (better
parenting), building stronger future of the nation (children are future of the
nation)
DISAGREE
• Having children in thirties would create a possibility of generation gap between
parents and children (can result in misunderstanding and family conflicts)-
negative message to the society

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• Medically, females may face a lot of complications in pregnancy post 30, gradual
loss of fertility after 30 – double the chances of miscarriage than under 30, as per a
study – infant mortality rate in society may suffer

13. Demand for gas and oil is increasing, and so finding new sources in
remote and untouched areas are a necessity. Do the advantages of
this outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Digging new oil wells and building power plants in such area can solve the problem
immediately (because of massive potential)
• Can create employment as these plants have to be run by skilled (in operating
machinery) as well as unskilled labor
• Country can prosper economically as petroleum products hold a great value (Saudi
Arabia)
DISADVANTAGES
• Extensive exploitation of environment can end up jeopardizing habitat of certain
animals and species of plants and ruin beautiful landscapes
• If sources are found beneath fertile farmlands, all productive land foes in vain and
becomes redundant for farming purposes (this land is taken over by the Govt. and
used for excavation)
• Most of the oil is transported by the ship which carries huge risk of spillage in
ocean (can affect marine species)
• No surety of finding enough amount and can even result in huge financial losses
(power plants cost a lot and wages of labour is also high)

14. It is common nowadays for each member of the family to have their
own piece of modern technology. Some people think this will lead to a
break down in family relationships and communication. To What extent
do you agree?
AGREE
• Amount of time spent online on games and social media has reduced family
interaction despite living under one roof
• Youth tends to get addicted to these games and when is stopped behaves rudely
creating tension in family
• Not giving enough time on meeting people in person and sticking to the laptop/
mobile screen makes them lack in communication skill

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DISAGREE
• Enables people to maintain relationship and express themselves regardless of
geographical distance (through video calling (Skype) - when family member is
living abroad)
• Family members play multi-player games on their respective devices with other
members (more fun and excitement than boring chats and gossips) – strengthens
the bond
• Family members can stay in touch with one another while not at home and can
extend a help immediately in case of emergencies - makes them feel close to one
another all the time
• Provides platform for sharing thoughts, pictures and gives chance to connect with
so many other people which improves communication (apps like Instagram and
Facebook)

15. Some people believe that hobbies need to be difficult to be

enjoyable. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Challenging hobbies can give satisfaction and sense of achievement (hobbies like
bungee jumping or any water sport)
• Hobbies, like photography which takes time to learn (editing, angles and lighting),
give immense pleasure once we eventually learn it
• Difficult hobbies would make people push their limits and experience and learn
new things which can be helpful in life (trekking (how to survive in extreme
condition and on higher altitude)
DISAGREE
• Hobbies need be according to interest and likings not based on difficulty to be
enjoyable (collecting things or watching movies)
• Rather than being difficult, it should be enlightening so that it can help in
development (like reading books)

16. Some people believe that money is the best gift for teenagers while
others disagree. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Teenagers’ preferences change very quickly and, therefore, giving money instead
of gifts can be helpful for them to spend on their interests

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• Money can be vital help in buying educational aids like some laboratory
equipment, or material or instruments for research or experiment – can be very
helpful in education
• Can help in keeping them away from crimes (most teenagers commit crime (pick
pocketing) for gaining money) to satisfy their temptation of enjoying adult phase
of line – shopping, movies, fast food, travelling
• Having money can make them manage and control expenses (saving for valuable
things (a technological gadget or a trip with friends))
2ND VIEW
• Giving them money can also mean inviting addictions (drugs, alcohol and
smoking), and lack of maturity can lead them towards dangerous habits (gambling)
• Other gifts help in gaining knowledge or learning skills (books or musical
instrument) can be a much better option (develops versatility and makes more
creative)
• An entry pass to a motivational programme or youth development programme can
be life changing for a youth (helps discover hidden talent, ignites passion, helps set
a dream/career path and develops maturity)

17. Some people say it is a good idea for all employees to wear a
uniform at work. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Can make a business look more professional and establish a company’s identity
(employees wearing uniforms (brand name, color or slogan) can easily be
recognized) for example delivery services like Zomato or famous outlets like
Dominos or MacDonald’s
• Can help to bring equality and sense of belonging (employees would be
appreciated based on performance, skill and capabilities rather than looks)
• In workplaces like hospitals, uniforms can help to identify role of an employee
(doctor, nurse and supportive staff) or, in places like malls, to distinguish between
customers and employees (to avoid confusion/ role ambiguity while approaching a
staff member)
DISAGREE
• Employees may become bored or frustrated because of wearing same clothes
every single day (restrictions on their appearance)- finds nothing appealing –
reduces enthusiasm
• Does not play any direct role in person’s productivity (person working in a closed
cubicle would work the same way in any clothes)

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• Some employees may not find themselves comfortable in certain clothing (air
hostess, security personnel and customer relationship officer who are found in
skinny/tight clothes)- affects work performance

18. Some people think that space exploration is a waste of resources,

while others think that it is essential for mankind to continue to explore
the universe in which we live. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
1ST SIDE
• We live in a world where half of the population is deprived of the basic needs
(food and shelter) and valuable resources (money and manpower) should instead
be used in meeting their demands than space exploration
• Major problems (pollution and climate change) which are posing direct threat on
human survival need to be prioritised and allocated more resources to deal with
• Aliens if confronted- could be more aggressive- could be a threat to our existence
– unpredictable – instead better to solve existing problem than rising them
2ND SIDE
• Depletion of resources and increase in the population are forcing us to look for
other alternatives of Earth as a habitat (possibilities of finding suitable
environment for human civilisation to survive in outer space)
• For being aware about and prepare for the potential threats (strike of asteroids
(known to be the reason of extinction of dinosaurs) and other yet unknown
threats)
• The only way of gaining knowledge about existence and formation of everything
from planets to galaxies- could help understand complexities associated with
natural phenomenon and calamities
• Aliens if found could be older and wiser civilisation- could help us survive
challenges like nuclear threats, overpopulation and unforeseen universal
challenges

19. Some people believe that after a child enters school; their teachers
will have more influence than their parents. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
AGREE
• As after getting enrolled in school a significant amount of time is spent in school
with teachers (the more time we spend with someone, the more we get
influenced by them)

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• Teachers (having years of experience and having dealt with all the kind of student)
know how to influence children- professional training of teachers about how to
tackle/ deal with children- psychological impact (not all parents can do this)
• Children often make teachers their idol and follow footsteps (by getting impressed
from their knowledge and personality) (adopt behaviour and etiquettes)
• Indian culture- teachers are most respected living beings on the earth- their orders
are unobjectionable and beyond scrutiny- students follow them blindly and tend to
listen to their instructions (more than parents)
DISAGREE
• To get influenced by someone, children need affection which is not possible for a
teacher to give since there are too many at school – get personal attention of
parents- emotionally more connected to parents (unlike schools)
• Parents are the first one children come in contact with, and constant interaction
develop natural intimacy during first few years, making it difficult for them to be
influenced by someone else
• Parents fulfil children’s demand: visiting parks and amusement parks, visiting an
ice-cream shop, playing indoor and outdoor games, attending social functions and
celebrations with their children dressed like angels – these activities make them
closest to parents and make them follow what they say.
(Not possible for teacher to do so)
• A lot of children don’t like schools and teachers due to strict disciplinary rules and
a lot of educational burden- they get detached from teachers, and parents
continue to influence them more

20. Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems. What

are the problems faced by urban people due to overpopulation? Suggest
ways by which governments and individuals can tackle these problems.
PROBLEMS
• More population results into a greater number of vehicles on road creating
massive traffic congestion- increased travel time (also increases road accidents)
• Applicants are huge in numbers compared with the availability of jobs (increase in
unemployment ratio) further results into increase in crime ratio as well (no option
but committing crime to meet daily needs)
• Huge number of air conditioners (CFC), vehicles on road and other equipment
(refrigerators) has degraded the air quality making it almost impossible for anyone
to survive without catching any disease (Asthma, lung cancer and other respiratory
illnesses)

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• Overcrowded and congested residential areas- houses crowded closely together-
unfavourable living conditions- unhygienic- a lot of waste is generated
SOLUTIONS
• Traffic and all other related problems can be solved by firstly providing better
public transport (better frequency and adequate facilities) and then promoting use
of public transport (concessional rates or giving affordable passes on daily travel)
to utilise it
• Individual can try to become self-employed rather than being dependent on
government (small scale businesses, online start-ups), and government can
promote this by giving financial help and providing raw materials at subsidized rate
• To curb or let’s say compensate the air pollution, people can be encouraged to
take part in programs like tree plantation organized by government, minimize use
of equipment that emit CFC
• Proper town planning (Urban development authority)- vertical development-
skyscrapers and high rise residential apartments- proper waste collection and
disposal methods

21. In the past, lectures were used as a way of teaching large numbers of
students, but now with the development of technology for education,
many people think there is no justification for attending lectures. To
what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
AGREE
• Availability of technological gadgets (laptops and mobile phones) and software
(like zoom for online lectures) has made education accessible from home without
any compromises in quality of education (facilities like annotation, screen share,
audio-visual interaction means it is just like a classroom if not better)
• Saves travelling time for students as well as teachers (especially those commuting
from faraway places) which can be utilized in covering more topics
• Classroom lectures do not provide flexibility as online education where it is
possible for students to study with convenience (can go through recorded lectures
at any time), and, as these lecture can be saved, there is basically no need of
wasting time in writing down what is on the whiteboard
• In applications like BYJU’S, students can always find rooms/sessions of their
interested topics and can also find other students having same interests and
involve in discussion rather than attending conventional lectures
• 24*7/ round the clock virtual support and doubt solving sessions through qualified
teachers and auto generated answers- better than classrooms
DISAGREE
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• Classrooms provide suitable environment to students which is most important
because, in physical presence of teachers, students tend to be disciplined, focused
and concentrate more on studies
• Also, at home, students have so much liberty (nobody is there to watch while they
study) which can distract them from studies (while learning from laptop they
might start using social media or playing games)
• In classrooms, a student interacts with other classmates (have a chance to discuss
queries before confronting tutor) which can help them become better in
communication- encourages debate and brain storming sessions

22. Some people think that public libraries are not necessary, whereas
others believe that they are essential for people. Discuss both the views
and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Most people have internet access where they can find e-books written by authors
across the globe which are yet to be available in public libraries- updated e-books
covering wide range of topics
• Websites like Wikipedia give information on wide variety of topics making it easier
for people to gain knowledge without having to go to libraries
• Instead of looking for books and wasting time in libraries, one can easily find that
by just typing the name of a book or material on internet
• Maintenance of public library costs a lot and its utility is almost none in this
modern world- dead investment
2ND VIEW
• Information and books are more reliable /trustworthy in libraries (many self-
proclaimed experts upload information on internet which is not authenticated /
accurate)
• Provide quiet and silent ambience for students to concentrate on their work
(assignment and dissertation)- suitable reading atmosphere- tranquility
• Students coming from poor background cannot afford to buy every single book
they need neither do they have enough money for laptop/ large screen phone and
internet connection so for them public libraries become the much-needed service
(borrow books)

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23. One of the prime times for advertising on TV is when children get
back from school. Some people think that advertisements aimed at
children should not be allowed. What is your opinion?
AGREE
• These adverts (starring their favourite actors, giving free toys inside packaging or
showing more fantasy than facts) persuade/brainwash/tempt children into forcing
their parents to buy these products which most of the time is unhealthy food
products (packaged food/fast food/ frozen food items) (main reason for obesity
and poor health among children)
• Also, some of these ads involve actors doing dangerous stunts which children
might attempt or imitate at home and can end up hurting themselves
• Allowing such advertisement is like allowing manufacturers to play and persuade
naïve minds of children to run their businesses – a cunning trick – immoral
DISAGREE
• Not every advert aiming children is detrimental. We watch many ads nowadays
promoting good habits along with their products (ads of hygiene products like –
hand wash)
• Instead of banning the ads (which would make it difficult for companies (especially
new ones) to sell their products), why not teach children how to distinguish
between what is good for them and what is not (nagging children are a result of
bad parenting)
• It is legitimate for companies to use such marketing tactics and make profit-
cannot be banned on legal grounds

24. Does the educational success of a person depend on the teacher or

the attitude of the student?
TEACHER
• Constant guidance of teacher is very much needed for students to succeed
(effective techniques and tips given by teacher (because of experience) can help
student score good
• Educational success also depends on the choices one makes during school/college
(what subjects/field to choose) that is where teachers can play an important role
(can give proper suggestion considering student’s strengths and weaknesses)
• A good teacher has an ability to plant the seeds of curiosity which is one of the
crucial attributes for achieving success (a curious student would always ask
questions and be ready for learning something new)

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ATTITUDE
• The most important thing that matters to excel in studies is how much willing and
serious a student is (nothing is interesting if you are not interested)
• We read and watch interviews of students every single day (from poor
backgrounds) achieving success without any teacher or support from family
members just by sheer perseverance and dedication
• Grasping power differs from student to student- single teacher teaches the class,
yet results are different- depends on child’s ability to learn

25. Nowadays, international tourism is the biggest industry in the world.

Unfortunately, international tourism creates tension rather than
understanding between people from different cultures. To what extent
do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
AGREE
• People while travelling tend to form a perception about a community or even a
nation just based on the people they encountered with (for example a traveler to
India might meet a foul-mouthed person and conclude that Indians are rude)
• Visitors may mistakenly act contrary to local norms like a foreign visitor might end
up offending (leading to conflicts and misunderstandings) an Indian by entering a
temple with shoes or alcohol in bag or wearing short clothes which for them is
normal
DISAGREE
• When people travel to foreign countries, they learn about their culture and way of
life (when they are informed the reasons behind traditions, it creates
understanding)
• Many visitors try to blend in with local people and enjoy their cuisines and style of
dressing and, also, give information about their culture which brings both the
cultures closer
• Exchange of expertise and good habits between people from different countries
and cultures- develops trusts and unity

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26. Fossil fuels (e.g. coal, oil and gas) are the main sources of energy for
most countries. However, alternative sources of energy (e.g. wind and
solar) have been encouraged to be used by some countries. To what
extent is this positive or negative development?
POSITIVE
• Promoting other environmentally friendly alternatives (hydroelectric, wind, solar
etc.) would help in preserving environment- non-pollutant in nature. Fossil fuels
which are in finite amount (burning of fossil fuels is the main reason for pollution
(degrades air quality and increases the amount of greenhouse gases especially
CO2)
• More use of alternative resources leads us to a healthier life (air pollution is a
major cause of breathing problems -asthma and respiratory diseases)
• Available in abundance and everlasting/inexhaustible- we can never run out of
them
• Compared with fossil fuel technologies which are typically mechanized, the
renewable energy industry is more labor intensive (solar panels need humans to
install them; wind farms need technicians for maintenance) which means more
employment opportunities
• Water, wind and sun rays will always be available free of cost making all the plants
operate at very low cost as a result renewable energy sources prices can be very
stable overtime- low production cost
• Renewable energy technologies require less overall maintenance than generators
that use traditional fuel sources (because solar panels and wind turbines either
have few or no moving parts making it easier to maintain)- low maintenance cost
NEGATIVE
• Although they are available around the world, they are intermittent and have
certain limitations (some days may be windier than others, the sun doesn’t shine
at night), whereas fossil fuels energy generators can be turned on and off at any
given time- weather dependent
• Solar energy is difficult to produce in often cloudy and freezing atmosphere of
European countries
• The technologies are typically more expensive upfront (capital cost) than
traditional energy generators (building and installing solar panels and wind
turbines in a large area)
• Wind farms and solar farms require a lot of space- occupy more land which is
already scarce, especially in urban areas

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27. It is necessary for parents to attend a parenting training course to
bring their children up. Do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Children nowadays are maturing much faster than previous generations due to
influence of multimedia and, therefore, it can become difficult for parents to
understand the behaviour of their offspring (that is where parenting training
courses can play an important role)
• In most families, both the parents are working and struggling with the work
pressure leaving no time for them to understand their child’s psychology (in such
situations counseling and training can become blessing enabling parents to
become better guardians by giving them insight into their child’s psyche)
• Can also inform them about some essential things like vaccination and important
precautionary measures (what to feed and how to care for an infant/newborn and
how to safeguard from deadly diseases like polio) – the list of dos and don’ts
• Parenting courses would help parents become more confident in rearing their
offspring, and confident parents tend to raise confident children
• Also, increasing trend of nuclear family means parent will lack the expert advice
from grandparents so for them parenting training is necessary
DISAGREE
• Many parents have other options like taking advise from grandparents (helpful in
passing family traditions and values) and, also, from other couples from family
members and friend circle who would give practical advice based on their personal
experience rather than paying for such courses
• Many people believe that parenting is a natural/instinctive/spontaneous process
and people shouldn’t ruin it by joining a formal course
• Every child and its psyche is unique and their treatment should not be confined to
some parenting tips obtained through such courses or training – parents have to
be flexible and adopt trial and error

28. Demand for food is increasing worldwide. What is the cause of this?
What measures can the international community take to meet this
demand?
CAUSES
• Soaring population- Over the last century, the global population has quadrupled.
In 1915, there were 1.8 billion people in the world. Today, according to the most
recent estimate by the UN, there are 7.8 billion people — and we may reach 9.7
billion by 2050. Food production has not kept pace due to less availability of

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fertile land (more land is occupied in accommodating the increasing population-
and even, climate change, certain farming and irrigation practices, improper
waste disposal methods have reduced soil fertility leading to reduced yield) - so
food production has not been rising as rapidly as population- causing further
increase in food demand
• In developing countries, the rising incomes of people have enabled them to make
dietary changes such as eating more protein and meat (to produce a pound of
meat, multiple pounds of grain are needed e.g. it takes 7kg of grain to produce
1kg of beef and 4kg to produce 1kg of pork), this is driving up global food demand
MEASURES
• Rising global food production - Farmers must grow more on the land they
currently operate through what is called “sustainable intensification.” This means
using precision farming tools, such as GPS fertilizer dispersion, advanced irrigation
systems, and environmentally optimized crop rotations to increase yield.
• More investment in farming- Government policies to encourage farming e.g.
interest free/subsidised loans to farmers to buy quality fertilizers and other
farming equipment- Free education for farmers- training for advanced and
modern farming methods (which do not affect the fertility of land) can help to
increase the crop yields- Making farming tax free worldwide
• Encouraging more people to do farming – controlling urbanization – benefit of
green rural development- healthy work life balance
• By reducing problem of food wastage in large kitchens- in restaurants, social
functions and gatherings, hostels and messes, and fast-food outlets must be
addressed by government by making investments on developing machineries to
store food for longer period or charging heavily for food waste
• Balancing worldwide food distribution- advanced logistics, transportation,
storage, and processing are crucial for making sure that food goes from where it
grows in abundance to where it doesn’t.

29. Many companies sponsor sports as a way of advertising themselves.

Some people think that it is a good thing, while others think that it has
disadvantages. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Huge audience- worldwide telecast- sports events are a source of advertising to a
large audience and earning publicity to increase the sales of products at global
and domestic level (can give exposure to a newly established company- like what
Paytm Company did)

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• Also, the funds provided by sponsors can help authorities/committees of sports
event to invest in young talents giving them a chance to showcase their talent (an
event like IPL having huge funds from sponsors gives a much needed chance to
aspiring players to be noticed by higher authorities like BCCI)
• These funds allow organizers to make the sporting event a better experience by
investing in better infrastructure and technology – more entertainment and
encouragement to sports- stadiums with improved field conditions and with
larger audience capacity - Hawk-Eye technology for an error-free decision in
cricket, lawn tennis, rugby league, football, and baseball- High Definition cameras
with multi-angle display on a huge screen for an improved viewing experience
• In a way, it can also help government save its funds because it no longer will need
to dedicate funds for sporting events if they are sponsored by companies, and can
utilise these funds for basic necessities like hospitals and education
2ND VIEW
• Companies sponsoring these events would make sure that famous players of that
particular sport are promoting their products which would result in impulsive
buying of products people rarely use or are worth their money
• It is also an uncertain investment since sporting success is not guaranteed (an
event might not attract enough viewership (major players might not perform well
or get sidelined due to injury taking away a huge section of audience)- a bad
weather condition may ruin all investment
• If a company selling alcohol is sponsoring a sporting event, it can send a wrong
message that sporting performance and drinking alcohol are linked (same goes for
companies selling fast food which contributes to childhood obesity)

30. More and more people want to own items, such as cars, clothing and
other things, that are made by famous brands. What are the reasons for
this? Do you think it is a positive or negative development?
REASONS
• People’s want of seeking attention and social acceptance or fitting in high society
is never ending and, nowadays, a bag from Louis Vuitton, a Rolex watch or an
Armani suit would do that for you
• We seek quality in everything we buy, and majority of famous brands have shown
it consistently in their products since the beginning winning people’s trust and
making them loyal to them
• People are also getting hugely influenced by lifestyle of celebrities (who never put
a finger on something which is not branded) and in pursuit of copying their looks
they also go after these products

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• Inferior quality of material used in non-branded products-(1) less durable (short
life) e.g. clothes purchased from a local store or street market- fade in colour,
holes or snags appear in a few days of use, (2) less comfort- rashes and skin issue-
poor fabric quality
POSITIVE
• Wearing branded clothes and using branded stuffs enhance self-confidence and
self-esteem with higher social status and increased respect and acceptability
among peers
• Value for money- durable, stylish, trending and comfortable- enhances experience
of using the thing
NEGATIVE
• Expensive- financial crisis- Obsession with wearing and possessing branded
costumes and electronic gadgets may create family conflicts (between parents
and children) and hurt the financial health of a middle-class family since they cost
a fortune
• Local/domestic manufacturers suffer heavy financial losses and have to shut down
their businesses. Exploitation of local manufacturers by branded companies as
they outsource the productions to them at considerably low rates- sale the same
commodities with their logos, tags, seals or brand names.
• Materialistic society- it is creating a society where everybody is judged or
appreciated based on the appearance and the things they possess and often the
inner qualities are neglected

31. Some say that people living in high-rise apartments are lonely and
unhappy, while others say that it’s advantageous to stay in high-rise
apartments. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
1STVIEW
• In apartments, neighbours keep changing since it is not a permanent option for
people to live making it difficult to maintain enduring relationship- cannot
connect well to frequently changing neighbours- isolated
• Most migrants prefer apartments to live, and, in the absence of community, they
feel lonely and isolated despite living alongside hundreds of people (being an
outsider, they always feel out of the place and don’t find the local people that
much welcoming)
• More people around gives rise to more misunderstandings and conflicts – end up
spoiling mood on a day-to-day basis and relations in the long run

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32. Some people think that the role of parents is to discipline their
children and teach them about right and wrong. Other people consider
that the main responsibility of parents is to nurture their children and
provide them with a safe environment to grow up in. Discuss both these
sides and give your opinion.
1ST SIDE
• Discipline is extremely vital for a child for a bright future. Well behaved, well
mannered and obedient children are treated well in society/school/public. These
qualities bring better opportunities and success in their future endeavours be it
studies, job or business. E.g. Punctuality, regularity, etiquettes and mannerism
• Children are naive and immature- cannot distinguish between right and wrong-
could suffer- lying, cheating in exams and bullying- could lead him or her towards
anti-social activities in the future. Making them learn morality, justice, equality
and peace is crucial
• Unhealthy and unhygienic lifestyle – poor eating habit - addiction of tobacco,
smoking, drugs or alcohol – staying indoors- avoiding socialisation all could
hamper growth of a child – discipline – difference between right and wrong is
important.
2ND SIDE
• The environment in which children grow up matters a lot and if it is disturbing or
lacking the warmth for any reason (abusive parents, family conflicts, not receiving
enough affection from parents), they are likely to be depressed and mentally
unstable (affects behaviour/studies and sometimes how they see relationships) -
consistent exposure to violence is enough to make a child potential criminal or a
threat to the society

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• Children experience the world through their relationship with parents and other
caregivers and when they are provided with safe/caring/nurturing environment,
they are more likely to thrive/flourish emotionally and physically- treat others like
that and become a law abiding, peaceful and contributing members of the
society.

33. Some people think that teenagers should follow what the old people
say, whereas some believe that it is good for teenage people to
challenge what old people say. Discuss both these opinions and give
your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• The years of experience and knowledge/wisdom of old people can teach a lot
about the world (workplace problems, relationship problems, dealing with
failures) to a teenager who has not had a much exposure to it and yet to explore
the reality of life
• It is also one of the few ways by which we can keep our traditional values/ethics
and cultural identity can be kept alive– rituals they follow- attire and traditional
food recipes- celebration of festivals etc.
• Some of the things which old people pass on have been tried and tested for
innumerable benefits e.g. use of turmeric in almost every Indian dish- anti
inflammatory, antioxidant and immunity booster - which otherwise a teenager
would never learn. Another example is some beauty tips given by elderly like use
of some type of clay for hair and skin- ‘Multani Mitti’
2ND VIEW
• The world is changing and so should people, and, for that to happen, teenagers
need to challenge what they don’t find relevant or acceptable what old people say
(like we have been living in a patriarchal- male dominant- society owing to
conservative mindset of old people and teenagers must challenge those beliefs)
• Old people are very stubborn when it comes to religion and are deep into
superstitions and often force it upon their children which would clash with the
modern mentality of teenager who should have a right to choose what he/she
believes in (ideology)
• Some unproven, sometimes illegitimate, medical practices hugely followed by
elderly could be detrimental to health- consulting a religious guru, preacher or a
self-proclaimed doctor, instead of a real doctor, for any physical or mental issue –
opposed by teenagers

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34. Nowadays, adults do a little exercise. Some people believe that the
best way to address this issue is by covering great sports events such as
the Olympics on television. Others think that it is more beneficial to take
other measures. What is your opinion?
1ST VIEW
• Can pass message around to stay fit and healthy by telecasting events (it will
inspire people to join sports club)
• However, merely watching on TV doesn’t guarantee success (entertainment/couch
potato)
2ND VIEW
• Measures like organizing events will help. (yoga competition, marathon,
gymnastics, athletics)
• Govt. can provide proper facility in public parks for encouraging people to exercise.
(Jogging track, gym equipment’s)
• Include benefits of doing exercise in school curriculum. (Students will know the
benefits of exercise)
• Spread awareness through celebrities by unveiling their fitness secrets and fitness
schedule

35. Some people are happy to spend the whole of their life living in the
same area. However, others prefer to live in many different areas over
their lifetime. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Have sort of memories at that place. (Entire childhood and attachments)
• Good knowledge about the atmosphere and culture of that place (people
around them/tradition of that place)
• Cannot survive in different areas (cannot handle culture shock)
2ND VIEW
• They like exploring different cultures(diversity at each and every place in terms of
rituals, food, lifestyle)
• Due to promotion in careers at different places (greater opportunities/ for example
moving from rural to urban)
• For their child's educational requirement (providing quality education which is only
possible in developed areas)

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36. These days, some people spend a lot of money on tickets to go to
sporting or cultural events. Do you think this is a positive or negative
development?
POSITIVE
• People can encourage participants who represent their country/culture (cheer/
support their team)/ see their favourite sports player or performer live
• A lifetime experience to be a part of such mega events like World Cup, FIFA Finals,
National Folk Dance Competition- you don’t get such opportunity every day-
cherish until death
• Can feel the atmosphere and energy of live events (incredible experience /
supporting nation amid vibrant crowd which they cannot enjoy staying home)
• Keep them in touch with our tradition (traditional values)/ celebrations / culture
and rituals (on TV, one mostly finds modern shows and events), an opportunity to
socialise with likeminded people - money worth spending
NEGATIVE
• The money is wasted on nothing, instead can donate for charity (helping needy/
poor with basic necessities)
• Can invest in some projects (for earning handsome amount money)
• Can contribute to build some sports centre for teenagers for encouraging them to
actively participate in sports (to encourage children to play sport and represent
country)

37. Experts say older people were happier and healthier in the past
because they did more exercise and spent more time with family and
friends, whereas now many suffer loneliness and health problems. What
are the causes of this, and what are some solutions?
CAUSES
• Hectic schedule and no time for exercise (overburden of work/less time to enjoy
with family)/ caught up in the rat race/ materialistic
• Modern lifestyle – unhealthy junk food/ fast food/ packaged food (Poor diet)/
Sedentary lifestyle, over-reliance of people on the internet and labour saving
machines (reduced physical efforts/children--online games/social distancing due to
availability of internet) - poor health and isolated
• Nuclear family concept- less family values and busy in individual growth- main
cause of isolation/ migration to unfamiliar places for better opportunities – less
socialisation — loneliness

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SOLUTIONS
• Have more sports and exercise in the school curriculum (importance/benefits of
staying fit and working in a team)
• More focus on eating home-made food, with whole family (hygienic/balanced
diet/less harmful/ togetherness)
• Government should put a strict law on working hours at the workplace (manage
workload/can look after their health/spend quality time with family)- healthy
work-life balance

38. At the present time, the population of some countries includes a

relatively large number of young adults, compared with the number of
older people. Do the advantages of this situation outweigh the
disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Enthusiasm of young adults will benefit country in many aspects (passion,
dedication) – more growth and development
• Physical and mental strength to work for longer hours tirelessly – more productive
and efficient
• Young people are highly educated, competent and skilful in various fields (have
practical approach/wide range of ideas/technical knowledge)
• Ability to bring about necessary changes (fearless attitude and take calculated risk
while taking decisions or making any changes)
DISADVANTAGES
• They are less experience to deal with complex situations (are unaware of some
critical situation, get panic while making decision)- Pandemic, catastrophe and
man-made disaster
• More nuisance, addiction and corruption (young adults get distracted to other
activities more compared to old, pornography, drugs and alcohol, less ethical-
desire to be rich overnight)
• Will not value rich ancient culture (will not preserve tradition, culture, rituals,
lifestyle)

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39. Some people believe that to be a successful sportsperson, one needs
to have a natural ability. Others think that hard work and practice are
more important.Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Can effortlessly develop their game (god gifted/ inborn talent- they have natural
instinct right from the birth/just polishing the talent will help), Sachin Tendulkar
• Some scientific studies show that genetics play vital role in growth of some talents
(talent runs in genes) Example- Arjun Tendulker (Sachin’s son)
• They will not have any performance pressure (as they have natural talent/they
back their skills) Lionel Messi- footballer
2ND VIEW
• Game is played with passion and dedication (anyone can develop any skill by
sticking to the basics and hard work), practice makes a man perfect
• They have struggled a lot for skills so they have remarkable experience (they have
practised a lot so they know all the loopholes and can deal with them)- M.S. Dhoni

40. Today much of the food people eat gets transported from farms that
are thousands of miles away. Some people believe it would be better for
the environment and the economy if people only consume food
produced by local farmers. Would the advantages of this outweigh the
disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Beneficial for local farmers and economy (they can earn enough and country's
economy will rise due to less import)
• Does not need transportation and will be highly cost-effective (no extra
transportation tax/less pollution)
• People can get fresh vegetables and fruits. (Preservatives which are used for
keeping it fresh for long time will be used less), good for health

DISADVANTAGES
• Farms are also not equipped with advanced technologies/ scarcity of land/ less
people engaged in farming (enough quantity of food might not be produced), may
not meet local demand
• Locally produced food cannot meet diversity of demand (limited variety of crops/
vegetables/ fruits will grow due to weather/ geographic conditions) Ex:
unavailability of fruits like Kiwi, Dragon fruit – rich in fibre and vitamins
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• Sometimes, due to natural disasters domestic production may suffer (might face
scarcity of food during this period if not imported)

41. The qualities and skills that a person requires to become successful
in today's world cannot be learned at a university or other academic
institutions. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Education system which is in practice in present has been developed and invented
years ago (outdated syllabus) - obsolete and redundant in rapidly changing world,
it doesn’t cover skills and qualities needed to survive in modern cut-throat
competition (multilingual/ versatile personality)
• Current education system focuses on theoretical approach, whereas competition
demands pragmatic approach (Industrial challenges, on site issues and disaster
management)
• Skills needed to be successful are- hard work, passion, perseverance, decision
making power, leadership, handling pressure, team work (degree does not matter,
working hard is key, not every successful man has studied in university ex. Bill
Gates), educational institutes mostly focus on theory based exams and results and
do not train candidates for potential workplace challenges
DISAGREE
• Upgraded syllabus – Practical approach- Laboratories, Industrial visit, Internships,
Project submissions, R and D etc.
• Even student exchange programmes for cultural diversity and global exposure
• Sports and cultural activities, expeditions and exploration an integrated part of
modern educational institutes- (Health and fitness, team work, leadership,
confidence, fearless, decision making power)

42. Some people think that prison sentences should not be used in
dealing with criminals. Education and job training should used instead.
To what extent do you agree on disagree?
AGREE
• Education will help them learn difference between good and bad (can know the
detrimental effects of crime on society)
• Job will help them to be self-sufficient (by earning, they will be able to full their
basic needs, and will not be forced to commit crime)

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• Will get bad influence in prison (they might form a group with other criminals in
prison and commit some harsh crime), (jails are epicentres where blueprint of
bigger crimes is prepared, as all criminals assemble under a single roof)
DISAGREE
• Severe crime cannot be neglected (example- rape, murder, anti-social activities like
arson punishment is essential to teach them proper lesson and make them realize
their mistake)
• Can maintain fear amongst potential culprits (by making them aware that unlawful
conduct has serious consequences/without the possibility of punishment many
individuals would break the law), (fear of punishment)

43. Nowadays, more and more business meetings and business training
are taking place online. Do the advantages of this development
outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Can minimize the cost (travel cost, administration cost, stationary and other office
expenses)
• Saves time (no need to travel, no need to dress up professionally- top to bottom,
no need to arrive early)
• Flexibility and comfort zone (can attend meeting/training wherever you are on the
earth, own comfort zone- home// no need to bother about weather condition/
heavy traffic/ health/ law and order situation or other external factors which could
affect possibility of attending training or meeting)

DISADVANTAGES
• The meetings may have many hindrances (low bandwidth/ noisy surrounding/
different time zones)
• Some factors like body language and facial expressions may not be clear
• Laziness due to homely environment (seriousness of the meeting may be
compromised)
• Confidentiality of meeting might not be achieved (screen recording/someone else
might join the meeting and reveal all data)

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44. Some people from poor and rural backgrounds find it difficult to get
a university education. Universities have to make it easier, especially for
such groups, to get into them. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Without university education, it will be difficult for students to withstand cut-
throat competition of the modern world or get a well-paid job/ white collar job
(would not be able to deal with the fast growing world, might end up committing
crime for survival or spend whole life in grave poverty as a labourer)
• Equal opportunity for financially deprived people or underprivileged
• It would help raise education standard and thus lifestyle of such people, leading to
growth and development of rural areas
DISAGREE
• Sometimes free or easy entry for education will not be valued (may take it for
granted, waste seats, so better to let a deserving and qualified candidate have an
opportunity)
• University education mainly covers core subjects- students may lack interest and
may perform poor- lose confidence and give up forever (if given easy entry), may
not be able to other smarter students- inferiority complex

45. Some people think that it is the responsibility of governments to

take care of the environment, while others believe that it is the
responsibility of people to take care of the environment. Discuss both
views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• All actions of an individual and industries are influenced by laws of the land, and
government has all the authorities to enact strict laws and amend or quash laws
that are weak in protecting environment (Ex. Waste disposal policies, separate
zones for chemical and pharmaceutical companies, treatment of contaminated air
etc.) – fine or punish guilty
• Huge population is illiterate so government can organise awareness programme
though campaigns, advertisements, folk artists and educational seminars
• Government can make ‘Environment’ a mandatory subject in school curriculum
(will teach younger generation importance of nature and ways to protect/preserve
it)
2ND VIEW
• Individuals together are a nation so if every individual makes personal efforts such
as avoiding use of plastic/plastic products, keeping their neighborhood clean,
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reusing products, planting trees- the nation will be clean and green, thus, the
world at large)
• Despite all the efforts of government, if people do not intend to protect the
environment or follow rules made by government, everything will be in vain.
Government cannot make people follow rules every time, they have to follow
themselves. EXAMPLE- avoid honking, avoid cutting trees, avoid poaching, avoid
using products made of animal skins or wood or non-biodegradable materials – on
humanitarian ground, for survival of the entire human race, flora and fauna
• Consequences of contamination and damaged environment are to be borne by
individuals and the generations to come, and not the government- it is an artificial,
intangible authority by law- headed by group individuals only (if we save, we live)

46. Most people prefer ready to eat food outside of their home rather
than homemade food nowadays. Do you think this has more advantages
or more disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Provides you with many options (people are keener to taste diverse dishes (multi
cuisine restaurants) which cannot be obtained by home-made food)- at home,
limited options
• Everybody is busy these days (both parents work and neither has time to cook
proper meals at home), don’t have time to cook at home) (Fast food- saves time)
• Taste and pleasant ambience - (temptation of cheesy, buttery, spicy and aromatic
food- perfect blend of flavours) (cooking methods, decoration and garnishing),
luxurious and romantic ambience- expensive interiors and candle lit tables (unique
experience)- at home, dull and boring
DISADVANTAGE
• Outside food contain food preservatives/ frozen/ unhygienic (for prolonging the
lifespan of food and these are harmful for health, whereas home-made food is
fresh)
• Such food is full of calories and deficient in nutrients (If consumed on a regular
basis, it will lead to obesity, diabetes and heart trouble)- home-made food is
nutritious
• Expensive (adds extra burden on one’s pocket)

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47. People spend a lot of money on various things as they earn more
money nowadays than before. Is it a positive or negative development?
POSITIVE
• They can have luxurious life style (cars, well-furnished and well-equipped house,
branded clothes etc.)- Status symbol (more satisfied with lives than people in the
past who could only dream about luxury)
• They enjoy more comfortable life than the past (public transport v/s Cars, locally
manufactured clothes v/s premium clothes, fan v/s A.C.)
• People buy modern gadgets (stay connected to the updating world, rich sources of
knowledge) in the past, only books and newspapers- knowledge could only be
afforded by rich in the past
• More safety (contact family in emergencies/cell phone- can detect location), CCTV
etc.
NEGATIVE
• Extravagance – buy things they don’t need- waste of resources (money is theirs,
but resources belong to the society at large)
• Finds themselves indebted in their young or middle-age (loans/ credit cards), no
savings for emergencies
• Negative trend in the society to show off – people become materialistic- find
happiness in things, not in humans around and the nature)

48. Some parents prefer to send their children to preschool, while

others say they should stay at home until they are older. What is your
opinion?
1ST VIEW
• At crèche, child will learn to interact with a lot of different people (develop
interactive skills), at home, they are isolated and become introvert
• Play with other children, learn social etiquettes like equality, sharing, caring,
greeting, brotherhood etc. and develop skills like team work, decision making,
working under pressure and leadership while doing various activities (at home,
have limited activities to do- limited development)
• Both parents are working nowadays (nuclear family concept) so nobody is at home
to take care so better to hand them over to trained teachers than a baby sitter
• At home, if they are not engaged in any activity, they might waste time watching
TV being couch potato/ or paying computer/mobile games (can have negative
impact on their mind and body) - ophthalmic issues- poor eye sight/ obesity and

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violent and aggressive nature due to exposure to violent content on TV and in
games (so better to send to preschools)
2ND VIEW
• Can spend quality time with parents, relatives and neighbours/ get personal
attention (learn some social skills which can be significant later- greeting,
mannerism, respecting and following elders) (At day nursery – they don’t get
personal attention and don’t learn important lessons like respecting elders)
• Learn to deal with people of different age groups (neighbouring children and
siblings, parents, grandparents (in case of joint family), relatives and other
members of society) – At crèche, only spend time with children of similar age
• At home, parents and grandparents teach moral values like honesty and ethics
(Preschools focus on discipline and rules, not the values)
• Children normally tend to imitate people around them so parents can behave at
home the way they want their child to groom into, which is not the case at
prekindergarten

49. Older people usually think that life used to be better in the past. Do
you think they are right or wrong to think like that?
RIGHT
• More social than today – healthy relations with everyone- Social attachments were
more in the past (more face-to-face communication, discussing all the things with
family members once in a day, attending social function like wedding was part of
tradition, helping neighbours)- Joint family concept
• Physically healthy and mentally relaxed (less technology, more physical efforts in
every field, less burden of work and earning)- healthy work life balance

• Self contented people- happy with whatever they had, unlike today’s greedy
society and materialistic mindset (accumulation of wealth) – never satisfied with
what they have
• People had a great atmosphere to live in- closer to nature (more trees, lakes, fresh
air, and less waste) – clean, green, healthy and hygienic atmosphere, unlike today’s
concrete jungle
• People were trustworthy and reliable- gave utmost importance to ethics, honesty,
morality and selflessness, unlike today’s dishonest and corrupt people

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50. Young adults should contribute to their communities by doing
unpaid work in their free time. Do advantages of this outweigh the
disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• young generation can learn or develop a large number of invaluable and practical
life skills (communication skills, organizational skills and how to collaborate with
others)
• Productive use of time which would otherwise have been wasted in unproductive
work life playing video games, hanging out in malls and cafes, or sitting in front of
television – helpful to needy and underprivileged – cleaning neighborhood and
creating a healthier place live
• Good for mental and physical health- mostly youth spend time indoors or sitting at
one place- obesity and lethargic- better move out and engage in physical activities
and socialise
• Will develop sense of sharing, caring and helping others- learn social responsibility
and become contributing member of society in the future- they can encounter
people who are deprived of basic necessities - will value what they have, and not
take it for granted
DISADVANTAGES
• This time could very well be used in developing new skills reading, painting, music,
dancing or strengthening educational qualifications
• Sometimes, distracted from their main goal (education) and become more
engaged in such activities

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• Feel physically and mentally tired after spending time in some demanding activities
- cleaning, distributing clothes and food for needy, and cannot concentrate on
education

51. Many famous sports players advertise sports products. Do the

advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Stronger Brand Value for the company and more sales- easy to convince target
audience - if sports players advertise familiar products, they can psychologically
impact audience more than other models (They can deliver benefits of using
products precisely with its proper use. For example: Energy drinks, some fitness
equipment), people tend to trust them and blindly buy such products without a
second thought
• Players can make profits by doing various types of advertisements (great
opportunity for them to convert their popularity and brand value into wealth)
• some players earn more from advertisements than games
DISADVANTAGES
• could strip away the players’ focus off the game (would focus more on being
celebrity than game, leading to performance degradation) – as some players earn
more from advertisements than games and soon get distracted
• Sometimes, player ends up ruining his or her brand value. Companies get benefits
from their popularity and sometimes advertise inferior quality of products
• Some products are sold at unreasonably higher price considering its quality, and, in
long run, the player pays the prices- loss of popularity, image and trust of people

52. Many museums and historical sites are mainly visited by tourists
rather than local people. Why does this happen? What can be done to
encourage local people to visit museums and historical sites?
REASONS
• local habitants have been brought up in those areas and have seen the historical
places and familiar with the history associated with it (historical places might not
arouse their interests anymore, tourists are keen to know about those places as
they can know about various cultures, traditions and history associated)
• museums charge an entry fee that discourages the local people (would avoid
visiting because nobody wants to pay again to watch the same artworks/ tourists
have travelled this far they do not consider money and prefer to know something
new)

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• more inclination towards western society- discourages from taking interest in their
own culture and tradition- they take them for granted – better prefer lively places
like – pubs, clubs and amusement parks where they can have more fun and
vibrant/lively atmosphere
• takes a considerable amount of time to explore these heritage sites (people feel
that it is a waste of time to visit monuments and they hardly find something new/
tourists have plan schedule of their tour ,and so spending time, visiting these sites,
will help them spend some more time knowing facts about culture)
ENCOURAGE
• Schools can impart knowledge about historical places amongst the students
(can give assignments related to the history, culture and tradition of their native
place, will encourage most parents to take their children to museums)
• Traditional museums can be blended with modern museums (by adding some
audio-visuals clips for showing history about place, wax statues)
• Scraping the entry fee (can attract native people to revisit the museums and
historical buildings)

53. These days, many families are moving to other countries for work.
Some people believe that the children in these families benefit from this
move. However, others believe that it makes life more difficult for the
children. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• better opportunity for education (more advanced syllabus- practical approach, well
equipped class, well trained faculties in developed countries)- bright future
• Multicultural environment – exposure to global culture- child grooms itself in to a
global citizen with broader vision and goals
• Disciplined culture- law abiding citizens- mannerism, etiquettes and respect-
equality and equal opportunity – grooms into a disciplined, social and worthy
member of society
• After completing their education, they would have much better job opportunities
(lucrative job offers, multinational companies, employee friendly employment
conditions- fixed work hours- weekends off, favorable working atmosphere,
healthy work life balance, less labour work due to advanced technology in these
countries
• Can stay in crime free and corruption less atmosphere in developed countries (safe
and secured)
2ND VIEW

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• Learning new language could be the biggest barrier to them
• Medium of instruction at school- English, French or Germen - difficult to blend
with classmates and participate in discussions and debates, and plenty of
difficulties in day-to-day life like- interactions with neighbours and people in
society (some societies are multilingual)
• They probably struggle with managing their studies
• (New syllabus- methods and approach is definitely different compared to their
own country- new teaching methods) – Self-study approach instead of extra
personal or group tuitions after school/college hours
• may find it harder to adjust to a new culture (need time and support to adjust to a
new society and when they do not find friends, they might feel isolated, chance of
a culture shock)
• Climate and food issues- freezing weather or scorching heat
• (May face health issues and cannot cope up)
• Non-vegetarian food/ sea food- difficult to adjust

54. The number of people working online from home has grown in some
countries. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Requires no physical travelling- saves time, energy and money (can work more
efficiently and effectively as sometimes travelling can give people unnecessary
stress)
• Working from home is invariably a comfortable working environment (flexible
timing- familiar surroundings) without existence of office rules and politics, will
boost work productivity
• Will be easy to work from home if employee is injured/sick/ not well (doesn’t have
to skip attending office)- Even boon for specially abled people (Sometimes gets
isolated due their physical weakness from other employee, so they can work
without considering all these psychological pressures)
DISADVANTAGES
• Habitual lateness/ lethargic approach can lead to failure to the achievement of
organisational goals (workers might get sluggish and avoid timely work
completion) – poor performance/ unpunctual/ chances of losing job

• Modern business significantly emphasises on communication and collaboration

(exchanging information, daily task updates would be hampered)- communication
gap
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• Difficult to reserve a corner for work (lots of distraction from family, and so
isolating oneself is quite tough)- work efficiency is affected

55. In many countries, people are living in a "throwaway society" where

things are used for a short time and thrown away. What are the causes
of this and what problems does it lead to?
CAUSES
• Rise in income and affordability than the past (can afford recurrent expenditures)
and blind imitation of celebrities and inclination towards western societies and
their ways of life
• New technology and products each day- after some days or weeks, product
purchased becomes outdated or obsolete- have to opt for new products to keep
up with the trend and the world
• People do not have time to fix things (due to tight schedule/repairs are expensive)/
sometimes mending demands efforts/time consuming- so people let go of it- easy
to go life
• Luring and deceiving advertisement (adverts impact highly on people’s daily life
like clothes, furniture, mobile phones etc. - manufacturers set trend of throwaway
society through such advertisements)
PROBLEMS
• Excessive production of goods leads to scarcity of resources (limited land and
production capacity- run out of raw material) – cannot meet demand – inflation

• Environmental Degradation – water/soil pollution (disposing of waste in water

bodies/ ocean/open land affects marine lives and deteriorates soil fertility - poor
waste disposal methods)
• For more production, intensive and commercial farming- chemical fertilizer/
pesticides/ insecticides- harmful for human health and environment

56. Libraries should be shut down as better alternatives are available. To

what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• information on the internet is boundless (anyone can access, lot of books, articles,
and useful ideas are posted on websites and blogs)
• No time for students to visit libraries (already spend their majority of time in
schools and coaching classes)

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• open only for limited period of time (time limit would not allow children to stay
flexible with their study hours) - Internet is available 24*7/round the clock
• - Setting up and maintenance of library costs a lot and its utility is almost none in
this modern world- dead investment
Disagree:
• Huge source of authenticated information (reliable and verified books and in wide
range), on the Net- information is not always reliable
• Provide tranquil and comfortable ambience for reading (Proper seating
arrangement, lighting facilities, and peaceful atmosphere aid readers to
concentrate fully)
• Library memberships are quite affordable and is beneficial to students and people
from poor financial background (not everyone can afford gadgets and high-speed
internet connection)

57. Shopping is now one of the most popular forms of leisure activity in
many countries for young adults. Why is this? Do you think this is a
positive or a negative development?
REASONS
• Increased sources of income for the youth/ income of parents- affluent society-
can afford doing more shopping than the past
• Increased shopping facilities with combination of luxury and comfort. Plenty of
shopping malls in cities/ online shopping facilities (quick option for many people to
spend their leisure time, help them to relax and allow them to buy their
necessities in their leisure time) - attract the young adults
• Shopping is more economical compared to other leisure activities, and also
fulfillneeds (like travelling and photography, travelling needs lots of money
(accommodation, food cost, travel cost))
• Does not require any planning and no hindrance due to weather (some
activities like sports need proper weather, and many equipment, shopping can be
done online (discounts, do not have to go physically))
• The youth are getting influenced by peer groups and friends who often go out for
shopping and end up developing a habit, symbol of social status – more shopping,
more belongings to show off
• The youth, nowadays, have good taste of western culture and shopping satisfies
this taste (malls/online shopping with all international brands/ online shopping –
products across the globe)

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POSITIVE
• Much better activity than playing online games and watching violent movies – for
young adult (malls- go out of home- physical movement)
• Will help youngsters to do financial planning (will help them to manage budget
and will help them to priorities the needs)- productive utility of leisure time
NEGATIVE
• The energy and time of these young adults is wasted for nothing (energy should be
spent towards the positive outcome of the society (charity, develop some new
skills, contribution in development of nation))
• Young adults grow extravagant – develop habit of spending money on things they
don’t need- bad habit to start spending on shopping before one starts earning
• Encourages ‘throwaway society’- take many things for granted- do not utilize
products to its fullest

58. These days many children spend a lot of their time playing computer
games but little time doing sports. Why is this? Do you think this is a
positive or a negative development?
REASONS:
• Urbanization has eliminated public playgrounds from cities and towns (cities have
become more congested than ever before leaving no room for little ones to enjoy
outdoor games like cricket or football. Playing such sports in narrow streets is
uncomfortable) so they mostly prefer to play indoor games)
• Gaming today has attained new heights of success- 3D graphics- high resolutions-
real time multi player gaming gives children as good experience as playing real
sports – tempt children to keep playing for hours
• Both parents are working- no one forces them to go out and enjoy sports (left
alone at home- they do what they like)

POSITIVE
• Playing this games will develop their thinking pattern- mind games- Chess-Puzzles-
crossword etc. (they often discuss different strategies of some particular computer
game- helps them to enhance their imagination)
• Games teach you many skills and tactics- use of multiple senses together- eye,
hand, ears and mind
• Quick decision making power- improved concentration- spontaneous
NEGATIVE
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• Playing video games for longer time affects health(sedentary lifestyle leads to
obesity as well as it will isolate them from real world)- poor eye sight, back
problems
• It will not develop some important life skills (skills like leadership, co-operation,
teamwork (by playing outdoors with friends, they will learn team management
and communication skills) - less social (no social interactions- introvert)

59. Some people think that one of the best ways to solve environmental
problems is to increase the cost of fuel for cars and other vehicles. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Will reduce private transportation (middle class/lower middle class will start using
public transportation/carpool for reducing their cost)- less traffic- less vehicle
exhaust fumes- air pollution reduces
• Traffic leads to honking and unnecessary noise pollution- reduced vehicles means
less traffic- less noise
DISAGREE
• To some extent it will help reduce flow of vehicles (recreational purposes).
However, there will be no effect on the rich people (They will never compromise as
they have enough money) - Public transport is not efficient enough in countries
like India so despite high prices, middle class will be forced to use private
transport- will not reduce noise/air pollution much
• Commercial and industrial vehicles will still be running – won’t reduce air/noise
pollution much

60. It is difficult for many people to create a balance between their

professional and their personal life. What are the causes of this? What
can be done to solve this problem?
REASONS
• Materialistic approach – caught up in the rat race- work overtime- spend most of
the time at work place – desire to earn more and more- wealth accumulation
• Have to give time to business/job to survive in the cut-throat competition- less
ambitious work will destroy the business/ less ambitious will end up losing job
• Compromised family values- increasing inclination towards western culture and
nuclear family- everyone is busy in their individual growth with all family members
working
SOLUTIONS
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• Should limit the work hours and spend the rest of their time with the family (it will
create good family atmosphere, they will be able to share their day-to-day
activities)- weekends off (Saturday and Sunday)
• Short family vacation/ participation in social gatherings and festivals with family
members only
• Should leave office work back in office and switch off the office phone at home-
have breakfast and dinner with family

61. Some people believe that teenagers are facing more problems in
their life than they did in the past and this is because parents are
spending more time at work than at home. Do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Nowadays, they face problem in socializing e.g. not going to social functions,
avoiding interactions with neighbors and relatives (as both parents work, they do
not have any time to take their offspring to social gatherings or to teach them
social etiquettes - socially awkward child - face problems in building and
maintaining healthy relations with others in later life-, and when they come across
this situation, they get panic) - In the past- joint family concept- rich in social
values and etiquettes
• They are not getting proper parental guidance and personal attention- Poor in
studies- Addiction of drug/alcohol/ tobacco - Inclination towards bad/ unhealthy
habits- fast food- couch potato etc.
• (Adolescents have to seek assistance, love and support elsewhere whenever they
encounter any problem, and they end up creating more trouble for them- Internet
tips (unreliable), approaching friends of the same age (immature), consulting
strangers who might take unreasonable advantage of the situation, whereas in
past, children used to share all their problems with parents and get some good
suggestion to solve difficulties from parents)- Mothers used to be full time
teacher, friend, mentor and guide
DISAGREE
• Increasing level of education - upgraded technology, exposure to in-depth and
abundant knowledge and updated syllabus- are to be blamed for this, not
parents’ busy schedule (they spend after job hours with children)- Children
sometimes consider themselves superior to their parents (preceding generation)-
grow arrogant, introvert and selfish- ignore parents and their advises considering
them inferior or obsolete. (In the past- children were dependent on parents and
teachers to solve their queries and they were role models)
• Commercialisation of education- only focus on results – encourage competing and
standing first all the time- makes child self-cantered, egocentric and materialistic-
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In the past- schools used to teach ethics, morality- honesty, social etiquettes and
social responsibility
• Unrestricted exposure to violence and pornographic content – motivate to
commit crime/ do wrong- distract from education – end up ruining their career
and life

62. Many people think that more money will make them happier. How
important is money for happiness?
IMPORTANT
• People can have a more lavish/ more affluent lifestyle by having money- more
comfort- more happiness (they could buy everything they would like to – huge
independent bungalow, luxury cars, advanced technology (electronic gadgets and
automation) and clothes with latest fashion)
• By having more money one can spend more on expensive recreational activities
(amusement parks/Disney Land, extreme sports/adventure activities (bungee
jumping/ mountain biking/ jet skiing/ windsurfing/ scuba diving/paragliding) –
away from mundane and hectic life- happiness
• Healthy body and mind – biggest source of happiness- More money helps people
spend more on healthier habits (gym/ yoga/ zumba/ aerobics/ meditation/
expensive food –vegetables-food rich in nutritional values (dragon fruit/broccoli)-
and more hygienic surroundings (regular sanitation/vacuum-cleaning)
NOT MUCH IMPORTANT
• Happiness is a subjective matter- for some money is not at all important- they are
happier serving needy and under privileged or being involved in their passion
(dancing/teaching/painting)
• Money cannot buy healthy relations- need good nature/quality time with family/
socialising- more money requires more time invested at workplace away from
loved ones- hectic schedule- stress- workload - doesn’t necessarily make people
happy – sometimes money brings ego along, spoiling many relations
• Money cannot heal diseases like AIDS, Thalassemia or cancer Sometimes,more
money may lead to such situation (unhealthy lifestyle- addictions – drugs/
tobacco/alcohol- unfaithful relations/ extra marital affairs- seen among people in
rich societies)- more sufferings- unhappy

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63. Some people say it is manufactures' and supermarket's
responsibility to reduce the amount of packaging of products they sell
and others say it is the consumer's responsibility to avoid buying
products with too much packaging. Discuss both these views and give
your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Multilayer packing and over packaging should be avoided- It can be done by
manufacturers- In general, the packaging is vital to the FMCG (Fast Moving
Consumer Goods) market, for proper look/positioning of the commodity to
distinguish product appearance from that of their rivals- e.g. biscuits –sold with
multi-layer packing like – plastic tray to keep one piece of biscuit each, then, an
attractive and flashy wrapper of plastic for each of the biscuits, then a paperboard
box to accommodate all pieces of already packaged biscuits, then a transparent
plastic wrap to give it a shiny look, instead can be sold in a single paper cover.
(Convince customers to buy products with lesser price and same quality- due to
reduced expenditure on packaging)
• Supermarkets expect heavy packaging from manufacturers for product safety and
to reduce waste or damage during transit- e.g. – a cardboard box of 100 already
packaged perfume bottles, protected by pieces of thermocol sheet, air cushion
bags or air tube bags inside, and covered with multiple layers of bubble wrap
outside. Instead, could opt for efficient staff who can handle the goods with
caution instead of tossing them in and off trucks while loading and unloading.
• Not all consumers are learned and well informed about adverse impact of too
much of harmful materials used for packaging – environmental hazard due to
plastic and other non-biodegradable materials- So it is manufacturers’ and
supermarkets’ moral and social responsibility to cut down on the amount of
packaging that is used to store and sell their products
2ND VIEW
• No manufacturer or supermarket will deal in products that are not sold/ not in
demand. Consumers themselves should avoid getting lured or persuaded by
unnecessary and attractive packaging. Consumers can individually contribute by
not purchasing this kind of products (by boycotting certain products from
companies which are not focusing on reducing packaging and environmental
degradation) e.g. by buying chocolates which are sold in paper cover only, instead
of premium copper cans or other types of flashy, attractive, extravagant
packaging. This will pressurise these companies to change their attitude towards
the quantity and quality of materials that they use to package their products.

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64. Some people think it is better for children to be grown up in the city,
while others think that life in the countryside is more suitable for them.
Discuss both views and give your opinion?
1ST VIEW
• While growing up in cities, they can get an unmatched quality of education- well
equipped schools- with latest technologies- ease of learning – virtual support-
audio-visual aid - better education – brighter future
• People are caught up in the rat race- parents can make their child know about the
sense of competition right from tender age which will help to develop competitive
skills at very early age. These skills can be beneficial for survival and sustenance –
better opportunities in the future
• In cities, children can grow up with broader mindset - global exposure- away from
orthodox and conservative mindset of village life – modern lifestyle – keep pace
with the changing world
2ND VIEW
• They can be healthier in villages as the quality of air in the countryside is fresh.
This reduces chances of respiratory diseases – fresh and healthy vegetables from
farm (unlike unhealthy and sometimes unhygienic packaged food and fast food in
cities, and high level of air pollution)
• Village life challenges people physically like working in farms, managing poultry
animals so they can stay physically healthy as doing this work will strengthen their
body – explore the great outdoors (unlike sedentary lifestyle of city where
children become couch potato, or spend most of the time indoors)
• Close to culture and tradition – rituals – ceremonies – social etiquettes- festival
celebrations

65. In a lot of countries today, people can buy wide range of household
goods, such as microwaves, televisions, or rice cookers, than ever
before. Is this a positive or negative development?

POSITIVE
• It improves human efficiency and can do more work than usual. Household things
have made human lives effortless by adding an experience of ease in doing
household chores - preparing several food dishes (dough kneader/ microwave/
toaster/ griller/ mixer), washing clothes (washing machine) and utensils (dish
washer) with minimal efforts

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• Life has become more comfortable and entertaining e.g. watching your favourite
TV programme in an air-conditioned room during scorching days of summer
vacation, instead of playing outdoors in intense heat
• It saves time e.g. vacuum cleaner for cleaning home and car instead of broom
sticks, mops, buckets and dusting brush/cloth- saved time can be used for
socialising or other productive tasks
NEGATIVE
• Housewives/ homemakers- lethargic and sedentary lifestyle – less physical
movement – obesity – some of the following problems are common among
them
1. Heart disease and stroke
2. High blood pressure
3. Diabetes
4. Cancer
5. Gallbladder disease and gallstones
6. Osteoarthritis
7. Gout
8. TV shows, radio and TV/video gaming have increased distance between family
members- less interactions- weakened bonding- family disputes and
misunderstandings

66. some people say that parents should place restrictions on the hours
their children spend watching TV and playing computer games, and
encourage them to spend this time reading books instead. Do you agree
or disagree?
AGREE
• reading develops imagination (By reading comic books or story books, they
can learn to transform textual information into imaginary reality, creating their
own world full of facts and personalities)

• They can get abundant knowledge (As many books are on some researches
and discoveries, they can get knowledge about different fields. They can read
books according to their interest and could learn a lot from that) –keep pace
with competitive world – stay updated

• Reading is an important study skill which plays crucial role in academic

performance of a child- makes learning and understanding easier – self-study
becomes easy

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DISAGREE
• Playing computer games will help them to take quick decision (while playing
some games (Puzzle, multiplayer battle, chess), they have to anticipate next move
of enemies and they have to decide their move accordingly. Therefore, it will
improve their decision making skills, planning, cognitive skill, problem-solving
skill, abstract reasoning, and strategic thinking

• they can also learn by watching documentaries, news, shows based on history,
science and sports (This will help them to learn more about life of past very easily
by watching different videos of life in past which are displayed on television in
form of drama or animation) - abundant knowledge –facts and science, burning
issues, importance of sports etc.)

67. Art is considered an essential part of all cultures throughout the

world. However, these days fewer and fewer people appreciate art and
turn their focus to science, technology and business. Why do you think
that is? What could be done to encourage more people to take interest
in the arts?
REASONS
• Lack of job opportunity ( Business is lucrative/more rewarding)
• By not having enough knowledge/interest in art
• Morden world depend on science and technology so more chances of bright future
in those fields
SOLUTION
• Parents could encourage children (art and craft tuitions/appreciate artistic
achievement and not just academic results)
• Could make it compulsory in curriculum
• Government could provide more job in art field
• Awareness programs could be arranged (competitions and contests)

68. Some countries are struggling with an increase in the rate of crime.
Many people think that having more police on the streets is the only
way to reduce these increasing levels of crime. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
AGREE

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• By more patrolling of police crime can be prevented
• Criminal can be caught easily (suo motto action of police)
• Resident can report crime very easily and fast
DISAGREE
• Government can install CCTV camera
• Govt. can create more job (due to unemployment, they commit crime to satisfy
their basic needs so, by giving jobs, we can reduce it)
• Govt. can make stringent civil law (potential offender may fear punishment)
• Govt. can ban consumption of liquor and drugs (as people commit crime under
influence of it)
• Individuals can teach adolescents about negative impacts of committing crime on
society and their career

69. Some people think parents should supervise their children's

activities closely, while others believe children should have more
freedom. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Children are naive and can't understand difference between right and wrong (can
be easily influenced by other people/violence/foibles/pornographic material/
addictions)
• (Parents can guide children by supervision as they have experience so they can
correct child's mistake)
• Children do not have sound sense of time management (Parents can teach them to
prioritise important tasks and stop wasting time on unnecessary activities) (books
instead of mobile games/ art and craft instead of being a couch potato)
2ND VIEW
• Children are capable to construct new ideas with creative mind (in small age they
learn tons of things so to restrict their mind by keeping constant eye on them is
not good) (hampers their creativity, freedom, ability to think independently and
decision making ability)
• Learning from own mistake is easier than knowledge imparted by their parents
(fall and learn)

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70. More and more people are becoming seriously overweight. Some
people say that increasing the price of fattening foods will solve this
problem. To what extend do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• (Main cause of obesity is overconsumption of fattening fast-food)
• Because of limited budget they will opt for other types of food (Majority of
population belong to average or low income group in countries like India- high
prices- will not be able to afford), forcing them to opt for healthier options.
• Industries will opt for healthier food and drinks (as people will not eat fatty food
the manufacturer will stop/limit their production and will opt for other types of
food)
DISAGREE
• People with good financial condition will still continue eating (won’t affect much)
• Youth and children always prioritise taste and not the coast (Mc Donald’s is always
flooded with young people despite being expensive and selling fatty junk food)
(kind of social status for school and college going student)
• Instead, some more effective steps are needed like:
• Govt. should build more fitness facilities (gym equipment and sports clubs)
• Govt. and people should arrange awareness camp about health problem due to
overweight
1. Heart disease and stroke.
2. High blood pressure.
3. Diabetes.
4. Cancer.
5. Gallbladder disease and gallstones.
6. Osteoarthritis.
7. Gout.
8. Breathing problems, such as sleep apnoea (when a person stops breathing for a
short time during sleep) and asthma.
• Encourage to practice healthy lifestyle (workouts, meditation and yoga)(sound
sleep)(healthy work-life balance, away from rat race)(balanced diet)

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71. Today, many people do not realize how important the natural world
is. Why is this? How can people learn more about the importance of the
natural world?
REASONS
• People have become materialistic
• Hectic schedule
• Depend on technology to rejuvenate
• Lack of knowledge/interest in people about it
• Govt. is not spreading importance of nature
• Children are not connected with their grandparents who can give them knowledge
about it
SOLUTIONS
• Awareness camp can be arranged by people/school/society/govt.
• Can include in curriculum of students
• Advertise about it
• Showcase the grave consequences the world is facing and the disaster it is heading
for

72. Some people believe that to reduce the amount of time people
spend commuting (travelling to work), parks and gardens close to city
centres should be replaced by apartment buildings for commuters to live
in. However, others disagree with this. Discuss both these views and
give your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Helps to be on time at workplace (as it is near to home) (utilize saved time to
socialise- healthy work-life balance)
• Commuting cost will reduce (as it is near to home) (more savings for employee)
• Can help to reduce pollution as distance is less (they will use public transportation
or prefer walking) (health will improve)
• Employees will become more productive (less distance- less tired)
2ND VIEW
• Will affect environment as already limited green patches in city centre will be
replaced by concrete jungle (Trees are natural source of oxygen and also they
inhale carbon dioxide)

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• Even trees are home for many species of birds and animals – all forms of nature
will be affected
• Garden and parks are place for children to play and old people to relax (so
replacing it won't be good for them)

73. In many countries, weddings are getting bigger and more expensive
than the past. Is this a positive or negative development?
POSITIVE
• Good platform for socialising (people get more chance to connect with each other)
• Catering as well as wedding industry is booming (employment is increasing)
• In this busy and hectic life, expensive and entertaining marriages act like a break
for the whole family (like short vacation with fun and excitement)
• Life changing event for bride and groom so – memorable throughout the life
NEGATIVE
• Waste of money on food and decoration (extravagance) (different types of cuisine
and festoon of light)
• Often food got wasted (leftover)
• Acts as a social status, financially deprived families spend more than they can
afford (to show off) and spend rest of the life being indebted or in a financial
crunch
• Food preparations are unhygienic and unfavorable for health (a number of cases
have been reported of massive food poisoning causing deaths of many marriage
attendees)
74. Some people think that companies should provide employees with
exercise time during the day. What is your opinion about this?
OPINION
• Employees can break the monotony of routine work and rejuvenate themselves
(necessary to stay focused on work, a break can boost their performance)
• Can reduce stress level which will make them happy (happy workers mean happy
customers)
• Can improve their health condition as working on screen, astride chair will make
them lethargic (lazy), employees are as good as a valuable asset for a company
(can become obese as well as chance of heart attack is more if doesn’t work out)
so productivity will increasing – ultimately beneficial for both employer and
employee (more profit and better growth)

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75. Some people believe that the increasing number of vehicles is one of
the biggest problems faced by cities, while others believe that cities
have bigger challenges. Discuss both these views and state your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Pollution, it affects peoples' health (can have breathing problem, asthma, lung
cancer- other respiratory issues)
• Pollution, it can have detrimental effect on environment (vehicle exhaust fumes
can deplete the ozone layer- harmful radiation of sun- skin cancer and other
issues)
• Problem like traffic congestion (as there are more vehicles on road), waste of fuel,
time and money (fuel is wasted in long traffic lines (engine is on all the time),
money is wasted on expensive vehicles and fuel, time is wasted in getting stuck in
massive traffic congestion)
2ND VIEW
• Pollution by industry is bigger concern (water pollution by chemical run off, air
pollution by depleting ozone layer and more toxic pollutants in air)- more harmful
than vehicle exhaust fumes
• Logging of trees (trees are natural source of oxygen and also they inhale carbon
dioxide)
• Water crisis (population is more in city so they don't have adequate amount of
water for individual)
• Rising crime rates – all forms of crime
• Lifestyle of people (modernization – physical and mental health issues)

76. Some people think that men are naturally more competitive than
women. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• Due to their body structure (muscular) -can perform some tasks which requires
physical strength
• Aggressive nature and egoistic nature, they are less likely to give up in any given
situation
EXAMPLES
1. In mechanical engineering person requires to do constant observation in very
critical condition like in very hot or cold temp. and require to work with very
heavy machinery,
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2. In defence wings they require physical strength as well as heart of steel to work)
DISAGREE
• Women are competing men in all field, be it engineering, medical, politics or
management.
• In some fields, like in art and craft, decoration, management course, they are
performing way better than men (creativity and artistic approach)
• Humble and kind nature so more suited for nursing, medical, hospitality which
include dealing with and serving humans with care, love and caution

77. These days, mobile phones and the internet are very important to
the ways in which people relate to one another socially. Do the
advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• Smarter, faster and reliable source to communication (free audio and video call
through apps like WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram)
• Can communicate with the person who is far away in blink of an eye
• Can share their photos, videos, documents, songs which help to strengthen their
bond
• No printing coast on invitations and more eco-friendly (no papers requires)
No travelling coast, online group meetings and video conferences – good in all
regards
DISADVANTAGES
• People are connected to the farthest, but disconnected to the nearest (talk to
friends overseas, but not with family member sitting right next)
• Emotionally less connected – Lie and pretend (doesn’t give you feelings of face-to-
face meeting) (hug your friends, shake hand)
• Unknown people are encountered (may be fraudulent or with malicious
intentions) (fake accounts, frauds and cheating)

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78. Scientists believe that in order to protect the environment, people
must use less energy in their daily lives. However, most people have not
changed the way they live. Why do you think many people have not
taken individual action? What could be done to encourage them to
takeaction?
REASONS
• They prioritise personal interests over society or nation (self-cantered/selfish
approach), (private use for comfort and show off) (heavy lightings in bungalow,
cars for recreational use etc.)
• They believe that they are paying for what they are using so they can use it as
much as they want (egoistic approach/boasting on their money power)
• Lack of knowledge/interests about energy production process, how costly and
difficult it is and also resources used in it
• By not having knowledge about alternative green sources of energy (Ex. Solar
panels/solar energy/wind energy/hydroelectric - renewable sources of energy)
ACTIONS
• Govt. could charge penalty to those who waste energy
• Govt. could include production process of energy in curriculum so that children
can learn about it
• People/govt. could organize awareness camps regarding conservation of energy
and its importance (grave consequences we may face for not preserving it)
• Govt. should promote use of LED lights at concessional rates (as it consumes less
energy)
• Govt. should provide subsidy on equipment of alternative sources (solar panels,
wind farms etc.)

79. Films and computer games which contain violence are very popular.
Some people believe they have a negative effect on society and so
should be banned. Other people, however, say they are just harmless
and help people to relax. Discuss both these points of view and give
your own opinion.
1ST VIEW
• People get provoked or influenced by such games/movies and try to imitate
outrageous content of movie and games, which put their and other's life in
jeopardy. For example blue whale game, which led children to commit suicide as a
task, also games like PUBG provoked the youth to commit crime- students/youth

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Carrying guns at schools and public places, and shooting at random person
isnothing new in the world)
• People have become berserk and behave rudely with others (as these games affect
their sensitive mind and increase the level of stress) - arrogant and disobedient
2ND VIEW
• It gives thrilling experience (people who love adventure will like this kind of games
and movies as it gives them adrenaline rush)
• students and people after having bad day prefer to play this kind of games which
works as a stress buster for them and can refresh their mind from monotonous
lifestyle and even can channel their anger to something like this, which is harmless

80. Many doctors say that people in today's world do not do enough
physical exercise. What do you think are the causes of this? What
solutions are there to this problem?
CAUSES
• Caught up in a rat race (they are so busy in earning money that they forget about
their most valuable asset their body and end up getting obese), materialistic
approach/ money minded – long job hours/ overtime
• Sedentary lifestyle/ overreliance on technology (TV, computer and other electronic
gadgets)
{1} elevator, instead of stairs
{2} vehicle, rather than cycling or walking
{3} children prefer to stay at home/indoors playing video games rather than
getting involved in outdoor games/physical activities
• Lack of interest/awareness about severe consequences they may face in form of
physical and mental health deterioration (easy to go life)
SOLUTION
• Government should make people aware about value of exercise by organizing
awareness camps and marathons (spread awareness using social media, and
encourage people to adopt active lifestyle)
• Government should provide some facility like fitness centre, gym, sports club as
well as meditation and yoga centre for free (which will encourage more and more
people to use it)
• Companies/industries can introduce gym in office and can provide some time for
doing exercise (by which employees can be fit and relaxed, and can boost their
stamina and improve concentration power)

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• In school, physical education should be made mandatory (which will help children
learn different type of exercise as well as its importance)
• Individuals can also adopt healthy work-life balance and engage in recreational/
physical/adventure activities like dancing, hiking, yoga, laughing club, meditation,
playing sports, jogging and cycling, to name but a few (instead of being indoors all
day)

81. Some people think that higher institutions should concentrate more
on academic subjects such as history and the physical sciences, while
others think that they should concentrate more on practical subjects
such as car mechanics and cookery, etc. Discuss both views and give
your own opinion
1ST VIEW
• Theory subjects like history are important for their enlightenment and
understanding of our principles and values (follow them and protect them), by
learning history, modern generation can value their culture, tradition, ancestors
and freedom- don’t take them for granted (Global identity) (encourage to
safeguard and protect)
(They can learn about rich heritage and culture- long history, hardships
endured by their ancestors, sacrifices made)
Or/alternatively,
History repeats itself
• Learn how to prevent global challenges and tackle them – World Wars, Civil Wars,
epidemic, catastrophe etc.
• There are many professions like journalism and archaeologist which require in
depth knowledge of history- better job opportunities
• Physical science can be helpful in field on research- sound knowledge of
fundamentals
• in space/defence programs, we need the information about landing territory and
trajectory of missile or space shuttle which can be done by learning this academic
subjects like physics and chemistry – they can’t be performed directly without
understanding fundamentals of mathematics and natural forces like
electromagnetic, gravitation and nuclear
• In sports (like in cricket it helps to understand the velocity and pace of bowl so that
by knowing it we can predict its landing direction as well as chance of it hitting the
stumps, which we see generally nowadays in matches)(which we call third
umpire's view) (which also help us to improve players performance)

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• All other subjects like language and math are also helpful for human to survive
(we do simple mathematics on daily basis like while purchasing grocery, stock
trading and so on, and use language to communicate)
LATTER'S VIEW
• Waste of precious time of student like in mugging up and cramming while learning
theory, whereas practical subjects like vocational training courses train students to
meet industrial needs- tasks needed to perform on job- increases employability
• Encourages small scale industries and start-ups (one can start their own business-
can become entrepreneur- as they are fully skilled in their field so it can help them
to build their own empire)
• Makes people more independent and decreases reliance on others (easy day-to-
day life), car repairing and cooking on their own, mending work at home be it
leakage in drain pipe or fixing a photo frame on wall or breakdown of electronic
device

82. In many countries, the rich are becoming richer and poor are
becoming poorer. Why is this problem? What solutions are there to
tackle this problem?
REASONS
• Lack of equal opportunities in the society
• Inaccessibility to quality education (rich and deserving candidates, not poor and
deserving, get enrolment in leading educational institutes like ITI, IIM, Oxford and
Cambridge), so pursue education from a local educational institute and they do
underpaid local jobs and spend life in poverty
• Corruption in government placements and exams (with boost in population, job
opportunities for individual are decreasing by each passing day, and a wealthy gets
job by bribing or political references, whereas poor can't afford to bribe, even
though he might be the most eligible for that job he ends up having job with low
pay scale)
• Competition in business ( most of the economy is governed by elite people with
gigantic businesses) – expensive and luring business outlets – local shops can't
compete them and have to shut down their small scale business (Ex. Local shops v/
s malls, street food v/s multi-cuisine restaurants)
SOLUTIONS
• Poor should be given equal opportunity. Government should reserve some seats in
school, collage as well as in jobs (by having seats reserved for them, they can
compete with rich people, and can make their future bright)

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• Govt. should give scholarship to poor students (based on merits) for their higher
education (by having scholarship, one can get quality education, which makes
them eligible for jobs with lucrative salary)
• Government should encourage the entrepreneurs among underprivileged sects by
giving subsidized or interest free loan, tax exemptions and entrepreneurship ideas,
which will help them compete big companies

83. Some people think that radio is the best way to get news while
others think that television is better for this purpose. Discuss both views
and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Radio is handy and easy to carry device-portable(as nowadays, radio comes as an
inbuilt feature in mobile phones and car so it is easy to use whenever and
wherever we want) so best way to get information
• Radio works even in remote areas, whereas TV requires high strength signals
which are generally not available in these types of areas (so in remote areas like in
desert or coastal regions, radio is the best way to get news)
• Radio is affordable (poor can also afford) and doesn’t require separate accessories
and aids like electricity, setup box, remote control, cable or dish for signals –
affordable use and install everywhere- at public places and public transport etc.
2ND VIEW
• On T.V., we have visuals with audio so it gives in-depth information ( by video we
can see places where incident took place and can learn tons of things about it so
without a doubt T.V is best for news), detailed coverage (radio – only audio)
• Live telecast- feel connected to that news and gets you latest updates in real time
from across the world- best source to keep updated
• More entertaining- never get bored as visuals keep moving in front of their eyes
(also visuals captivate you to watch the news till the end)
• Accurate and more reliable - allows people to make their own judgement about an
incident rather than simply being dependent on narrative heard on radio, which
could be inaccurate, biased or misleading due to personal attitude, political
pressure, prejudice or even exaggeration)

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84. Over consumption of sugar is unhealthy. Some people think that
governments should take responsibility to control it. Others think that
individuals should take responsibility of sugar intake. Discuss both views
and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• Government have all rights to ban and manage the production of various
consumables (by having rights, government can ban food products containing
excessive sugar and can control the level of sugar right from the process of
manufacturing which will increase the average health of country)- Restrict content
of advertisements to lure customers and tempt them to eat sugary products
• Huge population is illiterate so government can organize awareness programmers
though campaigns, advertisements, folk plays and dramas and educational
seminars- consequences of overconsumption of sugar- Diabetes and obesity – root
causes of a lot of deadly diseases (Healthy and balanced diet- Calorie chart)
• Children are naïve and immature- can’t judge what is good and bad for them-
Sometimes, children don’t listen to their patents too- Government can make
‘Health and Fitness’ a mandatory subject in school curriculum, and aware children
right from young age to keep healthy and avoid overconsumption of potentially
deadly yet tasty- sugar (Calorie chart)
2ND VIEW
• Consequences of overconsumption of sugar are to be borne by individuals and the
generations to come (Diabetes can be passed on in heredity), and not the
government- it is an artificial, intangible authority by law- headed by group
individuals only (if we avoid, we live happy)
• Government can only spread awareness among people, but it is people’s tendency
to overlook the long term harsh consequences and embrace temporary pleasure.
So it is an individual’s responsibility to look after oneself- resisting temptation of
sugary products (as one knows his/her body so can take better care of it). They can
use alternatives to sugar (artificial sweeteners/date paste/honey, by taking
alternatives of sugary products one can satisfy their craving for sweet) – an
individual is the final decision maker
• In this modern world, an individual has to be self-aware about minor issues of day-
to-day life, and overconsumption of sugar is one of them, compared to threats
posed by issues like climate change, global warming and overpopulation.
Government can’t keep on reminding people every day- Government has a lot of
other important responsibilities to deal with like defense, administration and law
and order, beyond combating with climate change, global warming and
overpopulation -so one has to choose between happiness and suffering on their
own

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85. People live longer today and so people should stay in the workforce
longer. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• It will help them to be self-sufficient (by working longer, they can satisfy all their
needs without any financial pressure on their children(Medical problems,
clothes)so their children will not have any burden of older ones and can focus on
development of themselves and their career)
• Keep them away from sedentary lifestyle- as they are living longer, it will be better
for them to spend their time doing some productive work rather than sitting
ideally on home. (this will help them to engage themselves in some task as sitting
on home will affect their health(mentally active, some physical movement of body
will keep them to stay active))
• Experience counts: their experience will help company or the government to grow
and they can train young generation better (share their expertise and pass on their
experience). As they have lot of experience, their experience can be used for
development of country as they know all the ethics of work and they can use their
life experience while taking some important decision.
DISAGREE
• They cannot cope up with pace of work in companies (nowadays, companies
demand quick and efficient work. Due to their age, they will not be able to fulfill
this demand of companies as their age will be major hindrance in completing the
task. This will reduce their work efficiency and might end up losing their job and
self-esteem)
• Job opportunities for youngsters will decrease (if older people work for long period
of time, there will be less job vacancies for the youngsters which will hike
unemployment in the country)

86. Money should be spent on creating new public buildings such as

museums or town halls rather than renovating the existing ones. To
what extent do you agree or disagree?
DISAGREE
• Renovation of buildings can be more economical than building a whole new
structure from scratch (cost of raw materials and labour) saving a lot of money for
government to spend on other necessary issues- education and health- cost
effective
• Some old public buildings are masterpieces of architecture- gems of civil
engineering- Parliament House (built by British during their rule) - major source of
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Knowledge for current architects to observe and get inspired to mould it in a
modern way- necessary to maintain
• Some museums and community buildings built during earlier centuries are great
sources of foreign revenue- attracts foreign tourists – and loss of such buildings
would be loss of vital foreign visitors and revenue- beneficial to maintain
• Some ancient public buildings reflect our art, culture and rich heritage- we must
preserve and renovate to keep our rich legacy alive- global identity, instead of
building new one
AGREE
• Creating new buildings would allow government to structure it keeping in mind the
current needs like proper ventilation, lifts, heavy duty air conditioners and other
technological equipment, interactive conference halls etc. (very much needed in
public buildings like libraries and offices) which is not possible in case of
renovation (because most of the time it needs restructuring of building)
• Multiple renovations make places like museums lose its charm by spoiling the real
essence, instead a whole new structure would be better in that case
• In renovations, we cannot alter the strength of the building from the base- making
it still vulnerable to situations like earthquakes (old buildings were not built
keeping in mind such high scale earthquakes which we face today), and it is very
important because these buildings are often crowded with people

87. All the people in a company should be treated equally and provided
with the same number of vacations in a year. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
AGREE
• For a company/business/firm/organization to prosper, it is very important for
every employee to be treated equally in order for them to work with enthusiasm
and have the sense of belonging regardless of designation- equality- equal
treatment – team as a whole
• In most workplaces, all the employees whether a senior working in a higher post
(Manager- mentally challenging job) or an employee working at the lowest level
of hierarchy (Labourer- physically strenuous) , experience almost the same level of
workload and therefore need the same number of vacations to just relax and be
back with fresh minds and rejuvenated physique which would ultimately help the
company so it’s a win-win situation for both

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DISAGREE
• Having a system where everybody is provided with benefits according to their
post would help to keep the healthy competitive spirit alive among employees to
get promotion and enjoy the benefits that come with it- like vacations and respect
that come with higher position(otherwise some employees may not show growth
in their performance as a result of being satisfied with what is given to them)
• Also, not every employee gives the same quality of output to the company, and it
would be unfair to those who work harder if everybody is given the same benefits
which ultimately would make them demotivated and less interested to give their
best

88. Some people say that a person's success is a result of the way he has
been brought up by his parents. Do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• The environment that children are provided with in early age affects their future
and if they are brought up in disciplined environment as well as given liberty to
explore interests, they are much likely to achieve success
• Also, parents help/make children develop small habits from childhood like reading
or keeping yourself occupied with learning something new which most of the time
unknowingly becomes the reason for success
• Parents also give their children a sense of judgment and ability to choose what is
right for them which is very important to excel in any field
DISAGREE
• In most Indian families children are brought up in a way that keeps focus only in
studies, but clearly it is not the only important thing and there have been many
successful people in other fields, who initially were not supported but still
managed to succeed, Mahendra Singh Dhoni
• Also, how a person achieves success cannot only be dependent on the upbringing
since there are many other factors like passion, hard work and perseverance -
involved in it, which people learn during the course of the life
• Experiences of life, sometimes, have more influence than parental guidance- a
doctor’s child is not necessarily a doctor and an auto-rickshaw driver’s child is not
necessarily the same – though they been brought up in such atmosphere –
Interest, ability to take risks, decision making power, favour of luck- Dhirubhai
Ambani

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89. Public celebrations (such as national days, festivals etc.) are held in
most countries. These are often quite expensive, and some people say
that governments should spend money on more useful things. Do you
agree or disagree?
AGREE
• In developing countries like India where half the population is deprived of basic
necessities, it is not justified for government to spend huge amount of money on
celebrating festivals instead this money can better be spent in solving those
problems which determine the survival of people (food, shelter, education etc.)
• Also, the true growth of a nation is determined by its economy, and, for a nation
to be powerful economically, more money should be invested in businesses,
generating employment and increasing manufacturing units within the country so
that it can contribute towards a country’s GDP (gross domestic product)
DISAGREE
• Public celebrations are either related to culture and tradition of a country or
connected to the rich history of it and people who contributed in it - thus -
important to celebrate- cultural identity (keeps culture and tradition alive) and
tribute to great historical figures
• Also, the benefits that these celebrations have to offer cannot be neglected. For
example, in India, a celebration like Kumbh Mela attracts millions of people from
different countries increasing tourism to a great level in the country
• These celebrations give people especially the middle class and poor ones a chance
to forget all the stress that they feel during normal days and just spend time with
their family and friends, and, with government celebrating these festivals and
events, we can see those lines between religions being blurred and people from
different culture taking part in all the celebrations

90. Online education and training are becoming increasingly popular in

the business world. Do the advantages of this development outweigh
the disadvantages?
ADVANTAGES
• This development enables a company to train and educate its employees without
actually arranging special classes or training sessions which saves a lot of money
for them (rent of auditorium or conference room, travelling, food and
accommodation expenses)
• Companies having multiple offices/campuses- Global companies- can train all the
employees at the same time without having to worry about time and space which

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would be very hard to manage in traditional method, day-to-day work is not
hampered as well- no domestic or international travelling
• It is very important for companies to keep its employees updated with new
technologies and machinery across the world and online training provides the
best and quickest way possible- Global updates, international trainers from
different countries
DISADVANTAGES
• In cases where employees have to operate a new machine or equipment, the
online training would not be that much successful because, for employees to be
able to operate those machinery, they would require a physical demonstration
and a chance to work on it for a while which is not possible while sitting at home
• Also, effectiveness of these web-based courses questionable due to lack of
interpersonal interaction making it difficult for trainer or a company to evaluate
the response from the trainees, and the lack of engagement makes it boring for

91. Some people think that sports involving Violence, such as boxing and
martial arts, should be banned from TV as well as from international
sporting competitions. To what extent do you agree?
AGREE
• by watching this type of sports, children may imitate all those aggressive moves at
home which might injure them physically so telecasting of these sports on TV
must be banned.
• These sports put life at jeopardy as it includes a lot of aggression and risk (fierce
punch, Kicks on some sensitive body parts (Skull, heart, lungs)). Therefore,
banning these sports from all competitive sporting events is essential.
DISAGREE
• For some folks, it is the opportunity to show the world their capability and
strength- in a safer manner, and they want to build their career in this kind of
sports so it is necessary to continue these sports rather than putting a ban.
• If these events are banned, players, organisers and sponsors might suffer a huge
loss. These events are full of excitement and thrill, people love to have this kind of
head to head competition and spend huge amounts to buy tickets so banning it
will have a huge loss for organizers as well sponsors. Players associated with such
events may end up jobless.
• A form of entertainment – like action movies- enough precautions are taken – are
performed in the presence of expert coaches and medical team- so safe

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92. Some people think that the main factors influencing a child’s
development these days are things such as television, friends and music.
Others believe that the family still remains more important. Discuss
both views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• friends play vital role in development of child as they spend most of the times in
school with friends (As they spend majority of times with their friends, they start
to adopt behavior and habits same as their friends) - parents are occupied at
workplaces – both parents working
• Watching reality shows like – Britain’s Got Talent, children get influenced to
discover hidden talent within. Cannels like Discovery and National Geographic-
abundant knowledge - On the other hand, watching violent shows affects their
mind. They become aggressive by watching this kind of shows as they are not
mature enough to bifurcate between real and reel life.
• Music ignites all areas of child development and skills for school readiness,
including intellectual, social-emotional, motor, language, and overall literacy. It
helps the body and the mind work together. Exposing children to music during
early development helps they learn the sounds and meanings of words.
2ND VIEW
• Right from their birth, they have been staying with their parents and their way of
behaving depends totally on atmosphere of family. For example, if family follows a
proper tradition and culture during upbringing of child, it will have a major
impact on child. Children from joint family- close to culture and tradition
• Grandparents are child’s first friends and considerably influence their behavior
and thinking- Children from joint family are more social and obedient; children
from nuclear family are stubborn and self-centered

93. Some people argue that the fittest, strongest individuals and teams
can achieve the greatest success in sports. But other people think that
success is as much related to mental attitude. Discuss both views and
give your opinion.
1ST VIEW:
• being physically fit will provide a comfort to any sportsperson to stay active on the
field because this will allow them to give their 100% (Games like football and
cricket demands a different level of fitness as without it, it will be difficult for
players to compete)- unfit cricketers have always underperformed e.g. Virendra
Sehwag and Inzamam-ul-Haq- such players reduces winning chances of a team
and put extra pressure on remaining players

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• having a good body figure will keep them away from some of injuries (hamstring
strain, low back pain, side strain). Due to these injuries, they would not be able to
perform up to the mark. So staying physically strong will help them avoid major
injuries and achieve success.
• With mental strength one can be strong enough to never give up, but hitting six
sixes in last six balls to win requires strength and fitness- not just mental strength.
Without physical strength, it is not possible to hit a ball thrown at you at a speed
of over 140 Km/hr, beyond 80 meters of distance each time unless you have
massive physical strength and perfect mind and body coordination.
2ND VIEW
• being mentally stable is important as at some critical and decisive stage of game,
taking vital decision becomes more vital at that point, which can only be taken
with composed mind so having a good mental awareness helps players to take
right steps for betterment of team and achieve success- avoiding sledging in
cricket- many fit and strong batsman get out easily when provoked by sledging –
mental strength necessary to fight and succeed
• having mental stability will help players to maintain discipline of the game which
is beneficial for them to maintain a good sportsmen spirit. It will help them to
achieve a good fame across the game
• In mind sports like chess, Sudoku and puzzle, mental attitude is the only strength
to gain victory- no role of fitness and physical strength

94. Some people become famous when they are at a young age. Do you
think this is positive or negative?
POSITIVE
• If people become famous at young age, it will motivate them to continue their
path of success. They will work with more dedication as they will understand that
their hard work is cheered by the people and this will help them to progress and
succeed more
• Young famous figures influence others in the society to work harder and become
famous at young age – motivation and guiding path for others – Sachin Tendulkar
NEGATIVE
• Achieving fame will make them cocksure. Due to their popularity, they might
behave arrogantly with the people around them. This kind of behaviour would
reduce their stardom achieved by hard work- may not be able to digest success
and may derail from the path of success to misery: drugs, party, clubs and pubs,
late night shows, alcohol

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• After becoming famous, they would be exposed to public which might affect their
personal life. They may be uncomfortable as they have to look after their moves
while leaving their home which will be difficult for them to manage- compromised
privacy at a very young age

95. As technology translates quickly and accurately, learning foreign

languages is a waste of time. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
AGREE
• People travel to multiple cities for business or travel purpose. While travelling to
different countries, it is not possible to learn languages of all the regions they visit
so languages translation application on mobile can be useful to understand: some
important instructions, common phrases, basic words to help communicate like
greetings- KHOB-KHUN-KA/KRAB in Thailand – easy to survive – no need to learn
the whole language
• Some translation software can translate sentences in real time- it can help
translate live conversations of meetings and speeches – software used in UN
assembly when representatives of all member countries gather and share
opinions and concerns - human brain is not as efficient as technology to translate
multiple languages quickly and accurately
DISAGREE
• Technology is unable to process emotional aspect associated in language: ironic
statements, anger or idioms showing anger or dissatisfaction – tone of language –
metaphor – figurative expressions – sometimes leads to misunderstanding or
even disaster
• Translating language requires uninterrupted internet connection which is not
possible in all the cases: desert area, some islands, phone is stolen or damaged,
internet package is over, in case of bus or train accident on a foreign travel, poor
internet connection
• By learning foreign language, one can understand intonations and pronunciations
which can help them to communicate easily. (For example, when individuals travel
abroad, having a proper tone of language becomes vital as it will help them to
communicate easily without any barrier)

96. Many feel that going to the gym is the best way to stay fit. Others
think there are more effective methods. Discuss both views and give
your own opinion.
1ST VIEW

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• Gym contains large varieties of equipment for each and every exercise which will
help individuals to workout according to their needs. (For example, everyone
needs different exercise to have a fit body according to their body structures:
cardio, upper body, lower body, excess calorie burning plan, muscle strengthening
plan, immunity booster plan, weight loss plan, weight gain plan etc.) So going to
gym helps individual to have a fit body
• Personal attention by expert trainers is also a major facility provided by Gyms. The
guidance from these trained trainers helps people to give their body a perfect
shape with proper and effective exercise, diet plans and regular follow-ups. So it is
better to hit gym for staying fit and healthy.
2ND VIEW
• As for some who do not have time to go to gym, they can perform some basic
exercise like yoga by taking guidance from internet which can help them stay
healthy- muscle and body flexibility and improved immunity
• Following a proper diet is also a vital step for keeping themselves healthy. Taking
balanced diet (diet containing proper amount of carbohydrates, protein, vitamins,
minerals) is also helpful for them to maintain positive body image – avoiding food
rich in cholesterol and fat
• People can also develop a habit of cycling, running, and jogging early in the
morning to live a healthy lifestyle. These activities will help them develop their
stamina which will make them more active towards their work. In addition, doing
these activities early will also improve their respiratory cycle.

97. Many crimes are often related to the consumption of alcohol some
people think that the best way to reduce the crime rate is to ban
alcohol.Do you think this is an effective measure against crime?
What other solution can you suggest?
• Banning alcohol will reduce crimes like domestic violence, verbal or physical
abuse, rape and sexual harassment because it is often seen that most of the
criminals are found drunk while they commit this type of crimes. Therefore,
putting ban on these products will mitigate the ratio of these crimes- common
cases of beating up wife and children under influence of alcohol
• Moreover, numbers of hit and run cases and road accidents are increasing and the
main reason behind this is over consumption of alcohol. Alcohol products must be
banned by the government which will reduce the accident casualties
• Other solutions:
• Imposing strict laws against any crime is essential as nowadays criminals look for
loop holes in each and every law and try to challenge the law in courts. So
forming new and strict laws is one of the best ways to reduce crime.
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• Increasing police patrolling in remote areas is also one of the ways to reduce the
crime. People will fear to commit crime in those areas where there is less
surveillance and crime like rapes, burglary and murders can be reduced.
• Efficient staff and technologically advanced police departments: officers must be
active and fit to fight crimes like homicide, burglary and chain snatching- chasing
or confronting face to face. CCTV surveillance, patrolling vans, staff training for
quick response and quick back-up, IT room, arms and ammunitions –
technologically advanced
98. The prevention of health problems and illnesses is more important
than treatment and medicine. Government funding should reflect this.
To what extent do you agree?
AGREE
• The treatment of fatal diseases like cancer/HIV has become very expensive for
common people to bear, but proper funding from the side of government can
help to increase awareness among people about what causes these diseases and
what changes they have to make in their lifestyle to avoid them. If people follow,
they will no longer need to pay those hefty bills of hospitals
• Also, highly contagious diseases like COVID-19 doesn’t take long to spread and can
in no time turn into a pandemic/epidemic therefore, to stop its spread in initial
phase, focus should be on prevention (campaigns about health monitoring
strategies/sanitation/social distancing) because once it reaches to enough people,
no amount of medical facilities would be enough
• Spending money on encouraging people to live healthy life (building sports
facilities, gymnasiums) and maintaining hygiene in country would solve most of
the health problems ultimately lessening the burden on government to spend
large shares on medical facilities
DISAGREE
• Treatment and medicine are also equally important because our lifestyles are
such that in one way or the other (the food we eat, physical activity, addictions to
alcohol and smoking) people will get affected by diseases and will need
treatment- sometimes intensive care also. Therefore, it cannot be overlooked by
government in terms of budget
• Also, not all diseases can be prevented or there is certainly no surety of it and
some are also hereditary like diabetes, and, in all cases, proper treatment and
medicines would be needed and since people pay taxes to government, they have
right to expect well equipped health care system which they can depend on if
they catch any illness

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99. Some people think that it is acceptable to use animals in medical
research for the benefits of human beings, while other people argue
that it is wrong. Discuss both these views and give your opinion.
1ST VIEW
• The major reason why we have been able to successfully develop some
medicines/vaccines of very fatal diseases is testing it firstly on animals having
similar characteristics to human to closely examine the effect and reactions before
releasing it for public use – vital, as human lives are too precious to be used for
experiments
• Also, lots of diseases have been transferred from animals to humans ( Zoonotic
influenza like Bird Flu) due to living in a close proximity with them or eating them-
making it very important to use them in medical research to find a cure of those
illnesses
• Using animals like mice and rats at some level becomes justified to many people
when it helps in saving a lot of human lives which we consider the most valuable
thing
2ND VIEW
• Looking from a different viewpoint, it seems rather selfish to just use animals as a
testing machine to fulfil our needs making their life less valuable to ours which is
definitely sufficient reason to make people feel it is wrong
• We live in a world full of technology and innovations, and it is hard to believe for
some people that we are not able to find an alternative to it and recent
developments like computer models simulating human body and “organs-on-
chip” have proved that there is no way testing on animals is the only option
available
• The tests on animals have not always been successful (as a result of them being
different genetically and not able to communicate about what they feel) in fact
the success rate is very low making people think if it is really worth to put the
innocent animal’s lives at risk

100. Climate change is a phenomenon that affects countries all over the
world. Many people strongly believe that it is the responsibility of
individuals, rather than corporations and governments, to deal with this
problem. To what extent do you agree?
AGREE
• Every major change has to start with the small steps taken by people and
although it doesn’t seem that much effective to an individual, a wider picture is

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Very effective (small things like avoiding plastic in any form possible,
recycling,waste management, opting for public transport)
• As we all contribute to global warming through the cumulative impacts of our
actions, the responsibility falls in our hands in terms of what we give back to the
nature instead of just using it in any way possible for our selfish needs since we
are totally dependent on it and the sufferings these climatic shifts will cause
would have to be borne by people individually
• People have the power to force companies change their production patterns to
more sustainable methods by changing their consumption patterns on a large
scale (if more people start avoiding packaged goods (plastic wraps or bags), these
companies will be forced to find an alternative
DISAGREE
• These problems are too big to be dealt individually since it requires planetary-
scale reforms, and government has the power to implement legislation that
compels individuals to act sustainably and industries to maintain sustainable
emission limits and adhere to environmental protection standards
• Most climatic changes are due to energy production and consumption (oil, coal
and gas (releases greenhouse gases)) and an individual cannot just start using
other forms (solar, wind) until and unless government makes it accessible and
affordable to common people
• Government is responsible for global problem and not people, and one of the
reasons why it is elected in the first place is to protect the citizens and since
climatic shifts bring lots of problems regarding well-being of people
(cardiovascular and respiratory diseases), government should be hold responsible
to act

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