ASSIGNMENT SUBMISSION FORM

Course Name: Statistical Methods for Management Decisions

Assignment Title: Assignment 1
Submitted by: Amit Mishra

(Student name or group name)

Student Name PG ID
Amit Mishra 62210088

ISB Honour Code

1. I will represent myself in a truthful manner.

2. I will not fabricate or plagiarise any information with regard to the curriculum.
3. I will not seek, receive, or obtain an unfair advantage over other students.
4. I will not be a party to any violation of the ISB Honour Code.
5. I will personally uphold and abide, in theory and practice, the values, purpose and rules of the ISB
Honour Code.
6. I will report all violations of the ISB Honour Code by members of the ISB community.
7. I will respect the rights and property of all in the ISB community.
8. I will abide by all the rules and regulations that are prescribed by ISB.
1. Prepare a brief report summarizing the home values (prices) in this area. Use both graphical and
numerical summaries. Your report should briefly describe what those summaries tell you, and
anything of particular note/interest.

• The mean from summary statistics is 163862.13

• The standard deviation is 67651.559

• The standard error in the mean (standard deviation of the sample population) = 2090.7614

• There are outliers in the price towards the higher end.

2. Does the normal model provide a good description of the prices? Use a Normal Quantile plot to
frame your response.

• The normal model does not provide good accountability of prices because:-

• The normal quantile plot does not follow the straight line and is concave (shown via yellow line). It
is skewed and it has a lot of outliers.

• It is right-skewed, which can be validated by outliers towards the end .

3. Irrespective of your response to Q2, assume that Price ~ N(164K, (68K)2). Given this:

a. Calculate the following probabilities – P(Price > 92.8K), P(Price < 255.5K). Do these numbers
agree with what you see in the data?

P > 92.8k: P < 255.5K:

Z Value = (x- μ) / σ Z Value = (x- μ) / σ
 = (92.8K- 164K) / 68K = (255.5K- 164K) / 68K
= -1.047 = 1.345
P (Z=~1.05) = 0.8531 P (Z=~1.34) = 0.9099

b. Once again, assuming the above normal distribution, what percentage of houses should have a
value less than 232K? Does that agree with the data?

The number agrees with the data since it is around a smaller % than 255.5 K

c. Based on the theoretical model, what do you expect should be the price of a house that is
exactly on the 3rd quartile (75th percentile,). How does that compare to the actual?
In a normal distribution, the 75th percentile should be 0.6745 toward the corresponding z-score. So,
the corresponding price for Z-score 0.6745 =164000+68000*0.6745= 209,866.

Therefore, to be exactly in the 3rd quartile (75th percentile), the price of the house should be
209,866. In tune with the data given to us, the quartile of the 75th percentile is around 205,397.

Hence, the estimated value is more than the real value and does not match the real value.

4. Create a histogram and boxplot for the Living Area variable. Is the distribution symmetric?
Check the skewness measure to see if it is consistent with your observation.
The distribution is not symmetric and is inclined towards the right side and so it is right-skewed.
Also, from the data, Skewness is 0.807 validates it.

5. Create a new column in the dataset by taking the logarithm of the Living Area variable. Is the
normal distribution a better fit for this variable or the original (Living Area) variable? Why do you
think this is the case?

It is visible that the skewness is tending to zero and the same is visible for the p-value too. So, the
curve is normally distributed.