Nama: Elsy Rahmi

Earthquake

An earthquake is a sudden shaking movement of the surface of the

earth. It is known as a quake, tremblor or tremor. Earthquakes can
range in size from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt to
those violent enough to toss people around and destroy whole
cities. The study of the earthquake is called seismology.
The seismicity or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency,
type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time. The
world's most active earthquake zones is Japan, India, Nepal,
Indonesia, Etc. Earthquakes are usually quite brief, but there may be
many over a short time frame.
Earthquakes are usually caused when rock underground
suddenly breaks along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes
the seismic waves. It make the ground shake. When two plates of
rock are rubbing against each other, they stick a little. They don't just
slide smoothly. The rocks are still pushing against each other, but not
moving. After a while, the rock plates break because of all the
pressure that's built up. When the rocks break, the earthquake
occurs. During the earthquake and afterward, the plates or blocks of
rock start moving, and they continue to move until they get stuck
again.
 The effects of an earthquake are terrible and devastating. Many
building, hospitals, schools, etc are destroyed due to it. A lot of people
get killed and injured. Many people lose their money and property. It
affects the mental health and emotional health of people.
The environmental effects of it are that including surface faulting,
tectonic uplift and subsidence, tsunamis, soil liquefaction, ground
resonance, landslides and ground failure, either directly linked to a
quake source or provoked by the ground shaking. Scientists cannot
predict an earthquake before it happens. But we do know where
earthquakes might happen in the future, like close to fault lines.