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MEDSURG DISORDERS
MADE EASY
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CARDIOVASCULAR
DISORDERS
Coronary Artery Narrowing or occlusion of the coronary
Disease
arteries due to atherosclerosis.
oxygenation.
Pericarditis
pericardium.
endocardium
of the heart
Myocarditis
muscles (myocardium).
RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
asthma
Smooth muscle constriction
of the bronchi.
PLEURAL
EFFUSION
Accumulation of fluid in
the pleural space.
PNEUMOTHORAX
lung expansion.
pancreatic disorders
Digestive
enzymes starts digesting the pancreas.
Cholelithiasis
Most of cholelithiasis is
caused by
cholesterol gallstones.
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GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS
Hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the
Gastritis
Gastritis is the inflammation of the gastric
mucosa.
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the vermiform
appendix.
Peptic Ulcer
Crohns Disease
Inflammation in the gastrointestinal
tract
hepatic disorders
disease of
the liver characterized by fibrosis
Genitourinary DISORDERS
Acute Kidney
by a
Injury sudden deterioration in kidney function.
Pyelonephritis
Inflammation of the renal
pelvis caused by
bacterial infection.
neurological DISORDERS
causes brain
damage.
CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS
DRUG CLASS MEDICATIONS MECHANISM OF ACTION
respiratory DRUGS
DRUG CLASS MEDICATIONS MECHANISM OF ACTION
gastrointestinal DRUGS
DRUG CLASS MEDICATIONS MECHANISM OF ACTION
ANTIBIOTICS
DRUG CLASS MEDICATIONS MECHANISM OF ACTION
Opioid Analgesics
Morphine Suppresses pain impulses.
gtpal
GTPAL: DESCRIBES PREGNANCY OUTCOMES
1. Number of pregnancies
(twins and triplets are
counted as one)
GRAVIDITY 2. Present pregnancy included.
color
uses
0+ 0- a+ a- b+ b- ab+ab-
0+
14G
0-
16G
Trauma, Surgery
recipient
a+
18G
Blood transfusions
a-
20G
IV fluids and
medications
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b+
22G
b-
24G
ab+
ab-
26G
Neonates
cting
15 mins 30 mins
Rapid Actin
Short A
beta blockers
-LOL
CC BLOCKERS
-PINE
ARBS
-SARTAN
ACE INHIBITORS LOOP DIURETICS Thiazide Diuretics
-PRIL -SEMIDE -THIAZIDE eak eak
1 hour 2-4 hR
CARDIO RESP GI PAIN uration
2-4 hRS uration
5-8 hRs
nset
H2 Receptor
statinS Xantine PPIs: Antagonists OPIOIDS NSAIDS
nset
Intermediate
cting
-STATIN -PHYLLINE -OPRAZOLE -DONE -PROFEN
-TIDINE
1-2 hrs 1-2Hours
ANTIBIOTICS ANTIVIRAL
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eak eak
Long A
8 hr no peak
pharmacology conversions
Thrombolytics Anticoagulants Antilipidemic Diuretics
prevent the LOWERS
dissolve clots CHOLESTEROL promotes
formation of diuresis
clots LEVEL
antibiotic antibiotic antibiotic antibiotic 1 tbsp= 15mL 1oz=30mL 1 tbsp=3 tsp 1oz= 2 tbsp
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lab values rome
CBC
WBC: 4,500-11,000
renal
BUN: 7-20mg/dL
RBC: 4.5-5.5 Creatinine: O.6-1.2
HgB (F): 12-16 g/dL GFR: 90-120 espiratory pH CO2 Alkalosis
HgB (M): 14-18 g/dL
Specific gravity:
Platelets: 150,000-
1.010-1.030
400,000 cells/mcL
pposite pH CO2 Acidosis
electrolytes abgs
Na+: 135-145 mEq/L pH: 7.35-7.45 etabolic pH hCO3 Alkalosis
K+: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L PaCO2: 35-45mmHg
Mg+: 1.5-2.5 mEq/L PaO2: 80-100mmHg
Ca+: 9-11 mg/dL
PO4: 3.0-4.5 mg/dL
HCO3: 22-26 mmHg
SaO2: 95%-100%
qual pH hCO3 Acidosis
Cl-: 95-105 mEq/L
antidotes antibiotics
OPIOIDS CHOLINERGICS
ANTIDOTE:
Penicillin Tetracycline
ANTIDOTE:
Nalaxone Atropine Inhibits protein synthesis
Penicillins inhibit bacterial
which causes the inability for
cell wall synthesis.
bacterial growth
WAFARIN ACETAMINOPHEN
ANTIDOTE: ANTIDOTE:
Vit K Acetylcysteine Cephalosporin Sulfonamides
Cephalosporins inhibit Inhibit the metabolic process
HEPARIN INSULIN
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Comminuted Closed
nephritis pharyngitis glossitis Spiral: fracture
fracture: bone
that circles or break into
inflammation of the inflammation of the inflammation of the spirals around more than break without
kidneys pharynx tongue two open wound in
the shaft.
fragments. skin.
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ekgs shock
normal sinus rhythm atrial flutter
Atrial and ventricular rhythms are Atrial rhythm is regular cardio- hypo- ANAPHY NEURO-
regular.
Rate: 60-100 beats/min
Rate: 250-400 beats/min
P wave: sawtooth
LACTIC GENIC
pulse,
respirations,
breathing
respirations
stage)
(depending on the
type of injury)
PR interval and QRS width are within normal PR: not measurable
Confusion, Anxiety,
limits QRS complex: not measurable
Confusion restlessness, Decreased LOC
CNS:
restlessness,
fluid BLOOD
HEART FAILURE PERICARDITIS ENDOCARDITIS
inability of the heart Pericarditis is an infection Inflammation and
muscle to pump enough of the pericardium. infection of the air in the pleural space collection of pus IN THE
blood. endocardium PLEURAL SPACE
causing lung collapse
PNEUMO-
THORAX EMPYEMA
HYPERTENSION CARDIAC TAMPONADE AORTIC ANEURYSM
an increase in blood accumulation of fluid in balloon-like bulge in
pressure (chronic). the pericardial cavity the aorta air pus
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pulmonary embolism spinal cord injury
gi disorders cancer
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