Paper Name: Finite Element Method Paper Code: ME 605B

Discipline: Mechanical Engineering (ME) Semester: 6th

Full Marks: 70 Time: 3 hours

GROUP - A; Multiple Choice Question (1×10), answer any ten from the followings

1. The solution by FEM is

(a) always exact, (b) mostly approximate, (c) sometimes exact (d) none of the above.
Answer: (b) mostly approximate
2. A spring element is similar to
(a) Bar element, (b) beam element, (c) pipe element, (d) none of the above.
Answer: (a) Bar element
3. A plane truss element has a stiffness matrix of order
(a) 2 × 2, (b) 1 × 1 , (c) 4 × 4, (d) 6 × 6.
Answer: (c) 4 × 4
4. A constant term in the displacement function ensures
(a) rigid body mode, (b) constant strain mode, (c) zero stress (d) zero deformation
Answer: (a) rigid body mode
5. Number of terms in the displacement function in relation to the number of nodes in that element is
(a) more, (b) equal, (c) less, (d) depends on the degree of freedom.
Answer: (d) depends on the degree of freedom
6. An element with internal nodes is classified as
(a) serendipity element (b) Hermite element (c) Lagrange element (d) Laplace element.
Answer: (c) Lagrange element
7. A 3 - D dam is usually modeled with
(a) 2-D plane stress elements (b) 3-D solid elements (c) 2-D plane strain elements (d) 3-D shell
elements.
Answer: (c) 2-D plane strain elements
8. Stress-strain matrix for axisymmetric element is of order
(a) 3 × 3 (b) 4 × 4 (c) 6 × 6 (d) 9 × 9.
Answer: (b) 4 × 4
9. Actual thickness of plane strain element is
(a) very small (b) very large (c) any specified value (d) none of the above.
Answer: (b) very large
10. Sum of shape functions at a point or node is
(a) 1, (b) 0, (c) any positive integer, (d) any negative integer.
Answer: (a) 1
11. When same number of nodes are used to define the geometry and displacement, the element is called __
element
(a) sub-parametric (b) iso-parametric (c) super-parametric (d) simple.
Answer: (b) iso-parametric
12. Lengths of longest side and shortest side of a 2-D or 3-D element decide the
(a) aspect ratio (b) shape function (c) order of displacement polynomial (d) included angle.
Answer: (a) aspect ratio
13. Gaussian points are used for
(a) numerical integration (b) displacement calculation (c) stress calculation (d) strain calculation.
Answer: (a) numerical integration

GROUP - B; Short Answer Type Question (3×5), answer any three from the followings

14. Derive the finite element formulation of a bar/spar element using Galerkin’s method. [5]
15. Derive and draw the shape function for an four nodded quadrilateral element using natural coordinate
system. [5]
16. What is meant by Axisymmetic problem? Write conditions for choosing a problem as an Axisymmetic.
[2+3]
17. Derive the shape function for a Constant Strain Triangle (CST) element. [5]
18. Write a short note on h-, p- refinement? What do you mean by C0 and C1 continuity? [3+2]
19. Write down general procedure for finite element analysis. [5]

GROUP - C; Long Answer Type Question (3×5), answer any three from the followings
20. Derive the finite element formulation of a two noded beam element. [15]
21. Figure 1 shows a two-member plane truss supported by a linearly elastic spring. The truss members are
of a solid circular cross section having d = 20 mm and E = 80 GPa. The linear spring has stiffness
constant 50 N/mm.
(a) Assembled the system global stiffness matrix and calculate the global displacements of the
unconstrained node.
(b) Computes the reactions forces and cheek the equilibrium conditions.
 Fig. 1 [10+5]

22. (a) What is meant by plane stress and plane strain problem? Explain.

(b) Derive the finite element formulation of Constant Strain Triangle (CST) element using principle of
minimum potential energy, assuming plane stress condition. [5+10]

23. (a) Write a short note on Gaussian Quadrature.

(b) What do you mean by Iso-Parametric element?

(c) Determine and draw the shape function distributions of a eight nodded quadrilateral element using
natural coordinate system. [3+2+10]

24. The circular rod depicted in Fig. 2 has an outside diameter of 80mm, of length 2m, and is perfectly insulated
on its circumference. The left half of the cylinder is aluminum (Al), for which matrial thermal conductivity,
kx = 200 W/m- °C and right half is copper (Cu) having kx = 389 W/m- °C. The extreme right end of the
cylinder is maintained at a temperature of 80°C, while the left end is subjected to a heat input rate
4000W/m2. Using four equal-length elements (two for Al and two for Cu), determine the steady state
temperature distribution in the cylinder. [15]

Fig. 2

25. (a) Derive the material property matrix for axisymmetric stress analysis.

(b) Deduce the finite element formulation of an axisymmetric problem in general procedure and show the
strain-displacement matrix. [6+9]