New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology Chapter 12

Suggested answers to Exercise and Reading to learn p.1/3

Suggested answers to Exercise and Reading to

learn
(Note: The overseas examination boards bear no responsibility for the suggested answers
contained in this publication. Answers for HKCEE and HKALE questions are not available due
to copyright restrictions.)

 Ch 12 Reproduction in flowering plants

Exercise
Multiple-choice questions (p. 12-25)
1 C 2 C 3 A
4 B 5 D

Short questions (p. 12-25)

6 a True 1m
b False
The number of seeds in a fruit depends on how many ovules are present in the ovary.
1m
c False
Sexual reproduction results in offspring with genetic variation which may or may not
be better adapted to the environment. 1m

7 Seed
because only sexual reproduction / fusion of gametes / fertilization 1m
involves two sets of different chromosomes 1m
which causes variation in offspring / causes new variety. 1m

Structured questions (p. 12-26)

8 HKCEE Biology 2002 I Q1a

9 HKCEE Biology 2007 I Q8a

10 a i Anthers mature before stigma / pollens released before stigma mature,

thus stigma cannot pick up pollen of same plant. 1m
ii Pollens are more likely to be blown by wind and carried to distant plants. 1m
iii One flower does not have both pollen and stigma, so that insects cannot collect
pollens and pollinate the same flower. 1m
 Oxford University Press 2009
New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology Chapter 12
Suggested answers to Exercise and Reading to learn p.2/3

b Any two from: 1m x 2

Cross pollination increases genetic variation among offspring.
Offspring may show some traits that help them to adapt to changes in new / change
environment.
Transmission of diseases from parents to offspring is less likely.
c Through stigma, style, micropyle 1m

Essay (p. 12-27)

11 Any seven from: 1m x 7
The ovary develops into the fruit after fertilization.
The ovules become the seeds.
Protection of embryo:
Fruits serve to protect the seeds
Seed coat protects embryo from damage.
Provide food reserve for germination:
Cotyledons provide food for the embryo during seed germination.
Help dispersal:
Dispersal of seeds and fruits depend on external agents such as wind, water and animals.
Some fruits with fleshy and edible fruit walls for animal dispersal / buoyant for water
dispersal.
Some seeds have ‘parachutes’ for wind dispersal / have hooks for animal dispersal.
Importance of dispersal of seeds and fruits:
Dispersal of fruits and seeds avoid overcrowding and competition among daughter plants
and parent plants;
to colonize new areas
and escape from pests and diseases associated with the parent plants.
Seeds and fruits are formed in sexual reproduction.
Advantages of sexual reproduction:
Genetic variations help offspring adapt to changes in the environment.
Communication 3m

Reading to learn (p. 12-28)

1 Wind and water 1m x 2

2 They help pollinate plants that are responsible for producing many of the food we eat, such
as grains and vegetables. 1m
Plants grown for fibres in clothes 1m
and chemicals in medicines also rely on these pollinating agents. 1m

 Oxford University Press 2009

New Senior Secondary Mastering Biology Chapter 12
Suggested answers to Exercise and Reading to learn p.3/3

3 Reduce the use of paper to reduce the rate of deforestation which destroys the habitats of
pollinating agents. 1m
Travel by public transport to reduce air pollution. 1m
(or other correct answers)

 Oxford University Press 2009