GREEK ARTICLE AND

PRONOUNS
 THE DEFINITE ARTICLE
ὁ, ἡ, τό (sing.)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative ὁ ἡ τό

Accusative

Genitive

Dative
 THE DEFINITE ARTICLE
ὁ, ἡ, τό (sing.)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative ὁ ἡ τό

Accusative τόν τήν τό

Genitive

Dative
 THE DEFINITE ARTICLE
ὁ, ἡ, τό (sing.)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative ὁ ἡ τό

Accusative τόν τήν τό

Genitive τοῦ τῆς τοῦ

Dative
 THE DEFINITE ARTICLE
ὁ, ἡ, τό (sing.)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative ὁ ἡ τό

Accusative τόν τήν τό

Genitive τοῦ τῆς τοῦ

Dative τῷ τῇ τῷ
 THE DEFINITE ARTICLE
ὁ, ἡ, τό (plural)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative οἱ αἱ τά

Accusative

Genitive

Dative
 THE DEFINITE ARTICLE
ὁ, ἡ, τό (plural)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative οἱ αἱ τά

Accusative τόυς τάς τά

Genitive

Dative
 THE DEFINITE ARTICLE
ὁ, ἡ, τό (plural)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative οἱ αἱ τά

Accusative τόυς τάς τά

Genitive τῶν τῶν τῶν

Dative
 THE DEFINITE ARTICLE
ὁ, ἡ, τό (plural)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative οἱ αἱ τά

Accusative τόυς τάς τά

Genitive τῶν τῶν τῶν

Dative τοῖς ταῖς τοῖς

 THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
ὅς, ἥ, ὄ (singular)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative ὅς ἥ ὄ

Accusative

Genitive

Dative
 THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
ὅς, ἥ, ὄ (singular)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative ὅς ἥ ὄ

Accusative ὅν ἥν ὄ

Genitive

Dative
 THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
ὅς, ἥ, ὄ (singular)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative ὅς ἥ ὄ

Accusative ὅν ἥν ὄ

Genitive οὗ ἧς οὗ

Dative
 THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
ὅς, ἥ, ὄ (singular)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative ὅς ἥ ὅ

Accusative ὅν ἥν ὅ

Genitive οὗ ἧς οὗ

Dative ᾧ ᾗ ᾧ
 THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
ὅς, ἥ, ὄ (plural)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative οἵ αἵ ἅ

Accusative

Genitive

Dative
 THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
ὅς, ἥ, ὄ (plural)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative οἵ αἵ ἅ

Accusative οὕς ἅς ἅ

Genitive

Dative
 THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
ὅς, ἥ, ὄ (plural)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative οἵ αἵ ἅ

Accusative οὕς ἅς ἅ

Genitive ὧν ὧν ὧν

Dative
 THE RELATIVE PRONOUN
ὅς, ἥ, ὄ (plural)
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative οἵ αἵ ἅ

Accusative οὕς ἅς ἅ

Genitive ὧν ὧν ὧν

Dative οἵς αἵς οἵς

 1st PERSON PRONOUN
I me (enclitic) we

Nominative ἐγώ - ἡμεῖς

Accusative

Genitive

Dative
 1st PERSON PRONOUN
I me (enclitic) we

Nominative ἐγώ - ἡμεῖς

Accusative ἐμέ με ἡμᾶς

Genitive

Dative
 1st PERSON PRONOUN
I me (enclitic) we

Nominative ἐγώ - ἡμεῖς

Accusative ἐμέ με ἡμᾶς

Genitive ἐμοῦ μου ἡμῶν

Dative
 1st PERSON PRONOUN
I me (enclitic) we

Nominative ἐγώ - ἡμεῖς

Accusative ἐμέ με ἡμᾶς

Genitive ἐμοῦ μου ἡμῶν

Dative ἐμοί μοι ἡμῖν

 2nd PERSON PRONOUN
you (sing.) you (sing.) you (pl.)
(enclitic)
Nominative σύ - ὑμεῖς

Accusative

Genitive

Dative
 2nd PERSON PRONOUN
you (sing.) you (sing.) you (pl.)
(enclitic)
Nominative σύ - ὑμεῖς

Accusative σέ σε ὑμᾶς

Genitive

Dative
 2nd PERSON PRONOUN
you (sing.) you (sing.) you (pl.)
(enclitic)
Nominative σύ - ὑμεῖς

Accusative σέ σε ὑμᾶς

Genitive σοῦ σου ὑμῶν

Dative
 2nd PERSON PRONOUN
you (sing.) you (sing.) you (pl.)
(enclitic)
Nominative σύ - ὑμεῖς

Accusative σέ σε ὑμᾶς

Genitive σοῦ σου ὑμῶν

Dative σοί σοι ὑμῖν

 PRONOUN/ADJECTIVE
αὐτός, αὐτή, αὐτό
• Declension is as καλός except for the neuter nom. and acc.
sing. in –ο
• The accusative, genitive and dative cases on their own serve
as a 3rd. person, non-reflexive pronoun
– αὐτοὺς ὁρῶ I see them
– Ἰάσων τὸν ἵππον αὐτοῦ ὁpᾷ Jason sees his (someone else’s) horse.
• In the nominative as subject of a verb or in all cases when in
predicative position (i.e. outside an article-noun pair) the
meaning is emphatic `himself’, `herself’ etc
– τὸν Ἰάσονα αὐτὸν ὁρῶ I see Jason himself
– αὐτοὶ τὸ ἄροτρον λαμβαίνουσι They take the plough themselves
• As an adjective in the attributive position (between article and
noun). It means `same’
– ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ οἰκίᾳ in the same house
 αὐτός
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative αὐτός αὐτή αὐτό

Accusative

Genitive

Dative
 αὐτός
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative αὐτός αὐτή αὐτό

Accusative αὐτόν αὐτήν αὐτό

Genitive

Dative
 αὐτός
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative αὐτός αὐτή αὐτό

Accusative αὐτόν αὐτήν αὐτό

Genitive αὐτοῦ αὐτῆς αὐτοῦ

Dative
 αὐτός
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative αὐτός αὐτή αὐτό

Accusative αὐτόν αὐτήν αὐτό

Genitive αὐτοῦ αὐτῆς αὐτοῦ

Dative αὐτῷ αὐτῇ αὐτῷ

 αὐτός
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative αὐτόι αὐταί αὐτά

Accusative

Genitive

Dative
 αὐτός
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative αὐτόι αὐταί αὐτά

Accusative αὐτούς αὐτάς αὐτά

Genitive

Dative
 αὐτός
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative αὐτόι αὐταί αὐτά

Accusative αὐτούς αὐτάς αὐτά

Genitive αὐτῶν αὐτῶν αὐτῶν

Dative
 αὐτός
Masculine Feminine Neuter

Nominative αὐτόι αὐταί αὐτά

Accusative αὐτούς αὐτάς αὐτά

Genitive αὐτῶν αὐτῶν αὐτῶν

Dative αὐτοῖς αὐταῖς αὐτοῖς

 REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS
• The 3rd person reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself etc.)is
formed by adding the prefix ἑ- to the accusative, genitive and
dative forms of αὐτος:
– οἱ παῖδες ἑαυτοὺς ἐπαίρουσι
The boys get themselves up
• Notice the difference between αὐτόν (emphatic) and ἑαυτόν
(reflexive):
– ὁ Θησεὺς ἑαυτὸν σῴζει Theseus saves himself
– αὐτὸν τὸν Θησέα σῴζομεν We save Theseus himself
• The 1st and 2nd person reflexives similarly use the prefixes ἐμ-
and σε- respectively in the singular but in the plural the
ordinary plural pronouns are used with the plural of αὐτός as a
separate word.
– σεαυτὸν ὁρᾶς You look at yourself
– ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς ὁρᾶτε You look at yourselves
 INTERROGATIVE (τίς) AND INDEFINITE
(τις) PRONOUN/ADJECTIVE
• The forms of these words are identical except for the
accent, τίς, τί (who? what)/why?) always having an
acute on the first syllable, which never changes into
a grave.
– τί ποιεῖς; What are you doing?
– τίνα καλεῖς Who are you calling?
• τις, τι (a certain, some, anyone, something etc.) is
enclitic but will have an accent on the second
syllable if the preceding word has an accent on its
penultimate
– αὐτουργός τις ἔρχεται Some farmer is coming
– περὶ θηρίου τινὸς λέγω I speak about a certain monster
 INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUN/ADJECTIVE
M & F (Sing) Neut (Sing) M & F (Plr) Neut (Plr)

Nominative τίς τί τίνες τίνα

Accusative

Genitive

Dative
 INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUN/ADJECTIVE
M & F (Sing) Neut (Sing) M & F (Plr) Neut (Plr)

Nominative τίς τί τίνες τίνα

Accusative τίνα τίν τίνας τίνα

Genitive

Dative
 INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUN/ADJECTIVE
M & F (Sing) Neut (Sing) M & F (Plr) Neut (Plr)

Nominative τίς τί τίνες τίνα

Accusative τίνα τί τίνας τίνα

Genitive τίνος τίνων

Dative
 INTERROGATIVE
PRONOUN/ADJECTIVE
M & F (Sing) Neut (Sing) M & F (Plr) Neut (Plr)

Nominative τίς τί τίνες τίνα

Accusative τίνα τί τίνας τίνα

Genitive τίνος τίνων

Dative τίνι τίσι(ν)